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1.
根据网络工程的GPS站点观测资料,计算相对中国大陆整体1999～2007年的趋势运动速率和2004~2007年的动态运动速率,用青藏亚板块和华南亚板块的参数计算龙门山断裂带的活动参量,研究了中国大陆运动场和其变化,分析了地壳运动场的特征与汶川MS8级地震的孕育关系.结果揭示出：现今地壳的运动分区与地质新构造单元基本一致,显示现代地壳构造活动是新构造运动的继承和发展;中国大陆地壳运动的动力主要与印度板块、太平洋板块与欧亚板块的相互碰撞俯冲产生的作用力有关.汶川MS8级地震的发生,主要是由于印度板块对青藏亚板块的向北推挤、产生侧向运动,致使龙门山断裂带遭受挤压产生能量积累所致.2004～2007年的地壳动态运动,使龙门山断裂带走滑活动加强,从稳定的压应变积累状态转入了剪切作用下的易活动状态. 相似文献
2.
对中国大陆地壳水平变形的初步探索 总被引：13，自引：0，他引：13
根据全国ＧＰＳ网１９９４和１９９６年两期观测资料的处理结果,讨论了中国大陆地区现阶段应变场和应力场。青藏亚板块的西部和东部张应变起主导作用,中部压应变占优势,主压应变方向为北北东向;青藏亚板块东南部东南段云南地区的主压应变方向为北西向,压应变和张应变量级相当。新疆亚板块的主压应役北北东向至北东向为主,应变量存在差别。华北亚板块的主压应变方向是北东至近东西向为主导,局部地段存在差别,大部分地区压应变 相似文献
3.
Model of rigid and elastic-plastic motion in intraplate blocks and strain status of principal blocks in Chinese mainland 总被引：5，自引：1，他引：5
Introduction The Chinese mainland is located in the southeastern part of Eurasia plate and encircled by India, Eurasia, Pacific and Philippine Sea plates. It is one of areas with the strongest tectonic de-formation, especially Qingzang (QinghaiXizang) plateau and NS tectonic zone where the tec-tonic activity is more intensive and intricate. The main part of tectonic activity of Chinese mainland includes a series of tectonic zones and active blocks divided by them. Therefore, the research… 相似文献
4.
中国大陆地壳的应变应力场研究 总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5
根据全国ＧＰＳ网１９９４年和１９９６年两期测量结果,研究了中国大陆地壳现阶段的水平形变应力场。结果显示,西部青藏块体与新疆块体主压应力场为近南北至北 北东向,而南北地震带以东、长江以及北地区为北东东至近东西向,华南块体上为北 北西至北西向,与滑线场理论模型基本吻合。反映出中国大陆地壳变形的压应力主要来自印度板块与欧亚板块的俯冲碰撞。而太平洋板块与菲律宾板块对欧亚板块的作用力以及地幔向上的作用力总体 相似文献
5.
根据2004年和2007年GPS复测资料,计算出中国大陆的水平主应变数据,显示出各亚板块的主压应变轴方向与震源机制解的P轴和用地质方法得到的主压应力轴基本一致,表明在区域上和长时期中,地壳的构造应力场是相对稳定的．中国大陆西部的青藏亚板块和新疆亚板块的主压应力轴,为南北向及北北东-南南西向,受欧亚板块和印度板块相互碰撞而产生的作用力的控制;东部的黑龙江亚板块和华北亚板块的主压应变轴,为北东东-南西西向,显示出受欧亚板块与北美板块、太平洋板块碰撞俯冲产生的作用力影响,同时也受青藏亚板块和新疆亚板块侧向作用力的影响;华南亚板块的主压应变轴,为北西西-南东东向,反映出受菲律滨海板块与欧亚板块碰撞产生的作用力影响,同时也受青藏亚板块侧向作用力的影响．通过比较2004-2007年与2001-2004年的主压应变轴方向,反映出两个时间段各亚板块的主压应力作用方向基本一致,只是主应力轴方向集中程度有一定差别．前后两个时间段不同单元的面应变率显示,压性变化为主的数量减少,张性变化为主的数量有所增多． 相似文献
6.
Horizontal movement and strain characteristics in Tianshan and its adjacent region with GPS deformation data 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
Introduction The Tianshan Mountain is the youngest cordillera in the present-day continental Asia, and its tectonic evolution is closely related to the collision and subduction between Indian Plate and Eurasian Plate in the Himalayas orogen since Cenozoic… 相似文献
7.
Fault plane solutions in Sichuan-Yunnan rhombic block and their dynamic implications 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：1
Harvard Centroid Moment Tensor (CMT) solutions for earthquakes from 1977 to 2004 showed that the stress fields are obviously different in northwestern Sichuan sub-block (NWSSB), western parts of Central Yunnan sub-block (CYSB) and eastern part of CYSB. The characteristics of the mean stress fields in these three regions are obtained by fitting to CMT solutions. The stress state in NWSSB is characterized by its sub-horizontal tensile principal axis of stress (T axis) in roughly N-S direction and west dipping compressive principal axis of stress (P axis); the one in western part of CYSB is characterized by its ENE dipping T axis and sub-horizontal medium prin-cipal axis of stress (B axis) in roughly N-S direction; the one in eastern part of CYSB is characterized by its sub-horizontal P axis in roughly NNW-SSE direction and sub-horizontal T axis in roughly WSW-ENE direction. Finite element method simulation clearly shows that the Indian Plate imposes great extrusion on Sichuan-Yunnan rhombic block (SYRB) near Assam massif. The value of the simulated compressive principal stress decreases with the distance from Assam massif. The simulated directions of the T axes in SYRB form annular distribution encir-cling Assam. For a homogeneous elastic medium with free boundary conditions on the top and bottom surfaces as well as the displacement boundary conditions derived from the GPS observations on the lateral boundaries, the computation results are consistent with the Harvard CMT solutions in NWSSB and western part of CYSB, while inconsistent with the Harvard CMT solutions in eastern part of CYSB. The inconsistency in eastern part of CYSB can be reduced when it includes inhomogeneous elastic media. The stress states in NWSSB and western part of CYSB revealed by the Harvard CMT solutions are not local, which are mainly controlled by the boundary force on the whole region. On the other hand, the stress state in eastern part of CYSB given by the Harvard CMT solutions is local, which may be affected by local topography, material inhomogeneity, and the drag force underneath. 相似文献
8.
福建及沿海地区地震活动力源探讨 总被引：6，自引：0，他引：6
综合地震震源机制解和地壳形变观测资料的研究, 求得福建及其沿海地区现代震源应力场, 认为这与台湾地区、 台湾海峡应力场相互衔接, 主压应力轴优势方位为NW-SE向, 力轴仰角较小, 应力场近于水平挤压, 形变场反映近期福建沿海亦受北西方向, 接近与海岸垂直的挤压力。 进一步分析该区域内的断裂构造特征和地震活动强度由东至西逐渐减弱的规律, 认为菲律宾海板块与欧亚板块的相互作用力不仅是台湾强震力源所在, 而且其影响向西扩展, 福建及其沿海地区地震活动主要力源仍然是来自这两大板块的相互作用力。 相似文献
9.
Introduction In the years when the reliable data could not be obtained and in the analysis of strain property and magnitude in history, the intensity, property and activity pattern of strain field were mainly inferred on the bases of geometric characters of surface traces and behaviors (especially the faults) as well as the characteristics of petrology (XIE, et al, 1993; Molnar, Tapponnier, 1975, 1977; Tapponnier, Molnar, 1977; FU, et al, 2000). However, they are the averaged results accumu… 相似文献
10.
Guo Liangqian 《中国地震研究》2000,14(4):312-322
In the paper, the current strain field and stress field in Chinese continent have been discussedbased on the processed data from two GPS campaigns of national GPS network carried out inthe years of 1994 and 1996. With a principal compressional strain direction of NNE, thewestern and castern parts of Qinghai-Xizang subplate are dominated by extensional straiu andthe central Part by compressional strain. Along the southwestern segment of southeastern partof Qinghai-Xizang subplate, i. e. Yunnan area, the princiPal compressional strain direction isNW and the compressional strain is equivalent to the extensional strain in magnitude. Theprincipal compressional strain of Xinjiang subplate is mainly NNE and NE with a difference inthe strain magnitude. The principal compressional strain in North China subplate is quite effective in NE and nearly EW directions with differences along some segments. However, thecompressional strain is corresponding to the extensional strain in magnitude in most areas. Theprincipal 相似文献
11.
美国哈佛大学1977——2004年的矩心矩张量结果显示， 我国川西北次级地块、 滇中次级地块的西部及滇中次级地块的东部的应力场特征有明显的差别. 应用滑动矢量拟合法， 反演了这三个区域的应力场特征: 川西北次级地块以近南北向的水平主张应力轴和西倾的主压应力轴为特征； 滇中次级地块的西部以倾向北东东的主张应力轴以及近南北的水平中等主应力轴为特征； 滇中次级地块的东部以南西西——北东东向的水平主张应力轴以及北北西——南南东向的水平主压应力轴为特征. 有限元模拟结果清楚地显示出， 川滇地块在阿萨姆楔附近受到来自印度板块的强烈挤压， 随着远离阿萨姆楔， 这种挤压应力逐渐衰减； 同时， 该地区的主张应力方向明显地形成了围绕阿萨姆楔的环线. 其中， 内部物质性质均匀、 地表和底部边界自由、 侧部边界采用GPS观测约束的弹性有限元模拟显示， 在川西北次级地块， 模拟结果与震源机制解结果相一致； 在滇中次级地块， 模拟结果所显示的图象与震源机制解观测结果有差别， 不仅没有显示出与大面积的东部地区的震源机制解相一致的特征， 反而显示出与该地区西部震源机制解相一致的特征. 通过调节地块内部物质的弹性常数， 可以实现在滇中次级地块东部部分地区出现与震源机制 相似文献
12.
利用应变场和基线变化率研究新疆南天山地区近期地壳运动特征 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
利用GPS数据研究南天山地区地壳运动特征,截取了该区域2005 ～ 2009年GPS数据,在统一框架下进行解算,并绘制出不同时段的主应变、剪应变以及基线变化速率等图像,研究表明该区域的地壳形变具有自西向东、自南向北减弱的特点,主压应变主要表现为受印度板块向北推挤而形成的近南北向压性应力场.2005～2009年基线变化速率表明,以喀什沿经线南北向为界,其东部区域基本上为压缩区,其西部区域基本上为拉张区,东部的基线缩短平均速率(4.84 mm/a)大于西部基线伸长的平均速率(3.06 mm/a),以喀什沿纬线东西向为界,其南部区域基线变化平均速率(5.58 mm/a)明显高于北部区域基线变化平均速率(3.52 mm/a),且伸长、压缩变化速率最大基线均在南部地区,说明南部区域受到塔里木块体和青藏高原挤压比较强烈,表明喀什南部区域地壳运动相对活跃. 相似文献
13.
The definition of active block is given from the angles of crustal deformation and strain. The movement and strain parameters of active blocks are estimated according to the unified velocity field composed of the velocities at 1598 GPS stations obtained from GPS measurements carried out in the past years in the Chinese mainland and the surrounding areas. The movement and strain conditions of the blocks are analyzed. The active blocks in the Chinese mainland have a consistent E-trending movement component, but its N and S components are not consistent. The blocks in the western part have a consistent N-trending movement and the blocks in the eastern part have a consistent S-trending movement. In the area to the east of 90°E, that is the area from Himalayas block towards NE, the movement direction of the blocks rotates clockwisely and the movement rates of the blocks are different. Generally, the movement rate is large in the west and south and small in the east and north with a difference of 3 to 4 times between the rates in the west and east. The distributions of principal compressive strain directions of the blocks are also different. The principal strain of the blocks located to the west of 90oE is basically in the SN direction, the principal compressive strain of the blocks in the northeastern part of Qingzang plateau is roughly in the NE direction and the direction of principal compressive strain of the blocks in the southeastern part of Qingzang plateau rounds clockwisely the east end of Himalayas structure. In addition, the principal strain and shear strain rates of the blocks are also different. The Himalayas and Tianshan blocks have the largest principal compressive strain and the maximum shear strain rate. Then, Lhasa, Qiangtang, Southwest Yunnan (SW Yunnan), Qilian and Sichuan-Yunan (Chuan-Dian) blocks followed. The strain rate of the blocks in the eastern part is smaller. The estimation based on the stain condition indicates that Himalayas block is still the area with the most intensive tectonic activity and it shortens in the NS direction at the rate of 15.2±1.5 mm/a. Tianshan block ranks the second and it shortens in the NS direction at the rate of 10.1±0.9 mm/a. At present, the two blocks are still uprising. It can be seen from superficial strain that the Chinese mainland is predominated by superficial expansion. Almost the total area in the eastern part of the Chinese mainland is expanded, while in the western part, the superficial compression and expansion are alternatively distributed from the south to the north. In the Chinese mainland, most EW-trending or proximate EW-trending faults have the left-lateral or left-lateral strike-slip relative movements along both sides, and most NS-trending faults have the right-lateral or right-lateral strike-slip relative movements along both sides. According to the data from GPS measurements the left-lateral strike-slip rate is 4.8±1.3 mm/a in the central part of Altun fault and 9.8±2.2 mm/a on Xianshuihe fault. The movement of the fault along the block boundary has provided the condition for block movement, so the movements of the block and its boundary are consistent, but the movement levels of the blocks are different. The statistic results indicate that the relative movement between most blocks is quite significant, which proves that active blocks exist. Himalayas, Tianshan, Qiangtang and SW Yunnan blocks have the most intensive movement; China-Mongolia, China-Korea (China-Korea), Alxa and South China blocks are rather stable. The mutual action of India, Pacific and Philippine Sea plates versus Eurasia plate is the principal driving force to the block movement in the Chinese mainland. Under the NNE-trending intensive press from India plate, the crustal matter of Qingzang plateau moves to the NNE and NE directions, then is hindered by the blocks located in the northern, northeastern and eastern parts. The crustal matter moves towards the Indian Ocean by the southeastern part of the plateau. 相似文献
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15.
The composite stereographic projection of orientations of the compression and tension axes using thirty-nine fault-plane solutions
of earthquakes from two active seismogenic sources of Nepal and adjoining areas were examined and the nature of stress pattern
and their influence on tectonics in the region have been studied. The seismogenic source located in Eastern Nepal region,
which has been the site of 1934 Bihar-Nepal great earthquake of M 8.4, is presently experiencing N-S to NE-SW directed compressive stresses. The inferred pattern of compression axes in Western
Nepal region suggests a shallow compressive stress, dipping N-S to NE-SW. Approximately similar nature of the stress regime
is observed in Western and Eastern regions of Nepal, separated by nearly 700 km; it shows N-S to NNE-SSW direction of compression
and underthrusting of the Indian Plate beneath the Himalaya at a shallow angle.
Present study indicates that the stress is being released along the strikes of some of the transverse faults present in the
region since the compressive stress exerted by the northward movement of the Indian Plate is approximately perpendicular to
the Himalayan collision belt. Unilateral stress pattern generated by the northward movement of the Indian Plate in the central
part of the Himalaya reveals that the present day collision occurs roughly perpendicular to the local strike of the Himalaya. 相似文献
16.
传统板块构造理论认为板块是一个刚体，实际上板块是可变形的.板块内部几年到几十年时间尺度的变形主要是弹性变形,因此应当用弹性模型描述板块运动.推导了板块的弹性运动方程，由空间大地测量新的观测成果建立了菲律宾海、太平洋和澳大利亚板块的弹性运动模型.发现三个板块内部都存在明显的水平形变.板内应变场的空间变化有明显的规律：板块边界附近的应变率最大，从边界向内部逐渐减小；在板块扩散边界附近，主张应变率大于主压应变率，主张应变轴基本上与边界的扩张方向一致；在俯冲边界附近，主压应变率大于主张应变率，主压应变轴基本上与板块的俯冲方向一致；在走滑兼有俯冲性质的边界附近，最大剪应变的方向与边界断裂的走向基本一致.由GPS观测得到的主压应变轴与由震源机制解得到的主压应力轴方向具有很好的一致性.板内的应力－应变场基本上遵循广义胡克定律. 相似文献
17.
Introduction In the last 20 years, with observation technique development in space monitoring to Earth, a large progress has been made in monitoring crustal movement. This makes it possible for us to study crustal movement and the present geodynamic. Continuous GPS observation conducted in Chinese mainland and its neighboring region provides us for studying the present strain field of crustal micro-behavior tectonic. Crustal micro-behavior tectonic means that we can study the dif-ference bet… 相似文献
18.
中国大陆地壳水平运动速度场与应变场 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
收集了中国大陆及周边地区GPS网的有关数据，提出了GPS网速度场的不同融合方法；经过融合建立了中国大陆及周边地区统一的地壳运动速度场，该速度场使用的有效GPS站共423个，其覆盖面积为1200万km^2；初步总结出中国大陆及周边地区地壳水平运动空间分布的基本特征；建立了板内块体的刚性弹塑性运动应变模型，对其进行了块体应变参数唯一性与速度残差中误差最小检验；根据中国大陆及周边地区的速度场，估计了8个块体的应变参数，分析了这些块体的应变状态，估计出的各个块体的应变状态与地质学、地球物理学方法估计的结果具有很好的一致性。用喜马拉雅块体主压应变方向估计的印度板块向欧亚板块碰撞力的主方向为北东7．1度。 相似文献
19.
中国大陆现今实测地应力场的状态与板块构造环境、活动断裂带分布、地形地貌以及地壳结构呈现一定相关性. 在中国大陆西缘,印度洋板块与欧亚板块陆发生陆碰撞,在中国大陆东缘,菲律宾海板块、太平洋板块俯冲到欧亚板块之下. 中国大陆内部被大型活动断裂带分割为多个块体,各个块体的地壳结构和厚度呈不均匀分布,地形地貌起伏具有很大的差异. 笔者以中国大陆块体模型为基础,把板块构造作用和重力势作为主要影响地应力状态的两个主要要素,在现今活动构造、GPS和实测地应力等成果的约束下,利用线性黏弹体球壳有限元模拟分析了中国大陆现今地应力场的分布特征和控制因素. 结果表明: (1)构造应力场总体上呈现出西部挤压,东部拉张的特征,印度板块与欧亚板块的持续碰撞形成了青藏高原及其周缘的挤压性质的构造应力场,而东部菲律宾板块与太平洋板块的俯冲形成了黄海、东海和环渤海区域的拉张性质的构造应力场,中间为拉张环境和挤压环境的过渡,最大主应力的方向受到板块构造环境和活动构造分布的控制;(2)重力的影响主要体现在地形梯度大和地壳厚度结构变化大的地壳浅部区域,在藏南、滇西北局部地区的地壳浅部由于受到重力势控制,呈现为张性应力场,在塔里木地区由于重力势引起的应力场与构造应力场同为挤压性质,因此该区的挤压强度得以增加;(3)中国大陆浅部地应力场的状态主要受到区域板块构造环境、块体边界活动构造带的展布和地形的控制,总体上以南北构造带为界,西部以较强的压性构造环境为主,东部为较弱的压性构造环境,藏南和滇西北局部地区存在有张性构造环境;构造应力对地应力的贡献比重随着深度增加而增加;(4)采用黏弹性模型的构造应力场模拟结果比完全弹性模型的模拟结果能够更好地与实测地应力场相吻合,利用完全弹性模型分析由地震等诱发的地应力瞬时变化是有效的;(5)青藏高原东南缘最大主应力方向发生了较大的偏转,其主要控制因素有:印度板块持续的碰撞、中下地壳对上地壳拖曳以及印度板块通过实皆断裂对欧亚板块的剪切拉伸作用. 中国大陆现今地应力场是整个地壳岩石黏弹特性长期演化和断裂活动的结果,是地应力场动态演化过程中在现今时间点上的状态,受到板块构造环境、大陆内部活动断裂分布、地形地貌和地壳结构等因素不同程度的控制,模拟结果为中国大陆地应力场提供了一个定量的参考模型. 相似文献