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龙陵—澜沧新生地震断裂带位于地震活动强烈的滇西南地区, 该地区历史上曾发生多次MS≥7.0大地震, 已知的历史地震破裂几乎覆盖了整条断裂带． 本文首先对滇西南地区主要断裂的最新构造活动特征进行分析; 然后通过该区域地震活动b值图像的空间扫描计算, 圈定出高应力集中区, 并结合历史地震和现今小震的分布情况以及晚第四纪以来断裂的活动强度、 古地震最晚离逝时间等定量参数, 综合分析龙陵—澜沧断裂带的未来大震危险性; 最后基于地震空区理论, 识别该断裂带存在的地震空区． 研究结果表明, 龙陵—澜沧断裂带内的龙陵、 永德、 沧源、 澜沧及孟连断裂中东段在未来10年内均存在发生中强以上地震的危险性, 应引起关注． 相似文献
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张家口-渤海断裂带西段及中西段b值时空扫描 总被引：2，自引：2，他引：0
张家口-渤海断裂带作为华北平原地区重要的活动断裂带,地震活动频繁,是我国地震监测预测重点区域之一。本文选取该断裂带西段及中西段1970-2016年的地震目录,采用最大似然法进行时间扫描,分析显示研究区b值为0.28-1.52,其随时间变化的特点是在大地震发生前降至最低,震后逐渐恢复;研究区空间扫描结果显示,该区b值的平均值为0.93,其中怀安-万全盆地北缘断裂和蓟运河断裂平均b值较低,反映该区域应力水平较高。综合以上结果,本次研究揭示出研究区地震危险性的时间和空间差异,为对研究区地震危险性评价提供基础数据。 相似文献
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四川马边地震地质背景浅探 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
马边是川南地震活动较活跃的地区，地震活动显示出一种与四川其它地区不同的特点。马边地区地震活动具有地台区地震活动的一般规律，即地震活动与荥经一马边一盐津深大活动断裂带和上、下地壳间的滑脱面有关。该地区的6．0级以上强震与川西地区的强震活动相一致，它们受到地表活动断裂的控制；6．0级以下地震则与地表活动断裂关系不密切，呈现出一种弥散的图像，但其空间展布范围不超过荥经—马边—盐津深大活动断裂带所展布的区域。 相似文献
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新疆于田地区位于青藏高原与塔里木盆地相交会的地方, 强震频发。 2008年以来, 该地区陆续发生的4次M6以上强震都位于阿尔金断裂带南分支的龙木错—郭扎错断裂带附近。 这些地震的发生为研究于田地区中强震活动的空间分布及其之间的相互作用及提供了很好的实例。 首先, 利用小震目录对区域地震活动进行分析, 给出了地震活动性参数b值的空间分布。 然后, 采用分层黏弹性模型研究了区域4次中强地震所造成的区域应力转移。 我们发现, 于田地区近年来强震活动的时空分布特征可能与区域地壳应力水平的差异有关。 康西瓦断裂带上历史强震活跃, 但是现今地震较平静, b值较高; 而龙木错—郭扎错断裂带附近的b值相对较低, 现今强震活动频繁。 于田地区4次中强震造成的应力转移则比较复杂, 2012年地震受到2008年地震的卸载作用, 而2014年和2020年2次地震的发生均受到前序地震的促进作用。 综合区域地震活动和强震之间应力转移的分析, 可以认为阿尔金断裂带南支的龙木错—郭扎错断裂带上, 应力水平仍然相对较高, 未来的地震危险性仍然较大。 相似文献
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地震构造是地震孕育和发生的载体，也是地震危险性预测的基础.中国大陆地震构造具有鲜明的分区特征.不同地区的地震活动都有其自身的强弱变化，很难用统一的活动期或平静期来涵盖.地震活动强度与各个区域的断裂活动水平有较好的一致性.如东、西部断裂活动水平相差约一个数量级，大震发生的频度也相差一个数量级.地震不但与活断层有关，而且与地震构造块体的关系也相当密切.前兆异常和地震不是因果关系，是伴生或孪生的关系，它们都是构造活动的产物.本文从中国大陆地震构造环境出发，研究了典型地震构造块体和主要地震断裂带与地震危险性的关系.结果表明：中国大陆未来十年或更长一段时间大震活动的地区主要在西部.重点应该注意塔里木块体沿南北两侧边缘断裂带由西向东发展的趋势.在川滇地区应重点关注鲜水河-安宁河-小江断裂带及毗邻地区.东部可能会有多次中强地震发生，发震地点可能与渤海-张家口-河套地震断裂带和郯庐地震断裂带有关. 相似文献
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本文从地质构造背景和震源机制应力场特征等方面分析了京西北地区发生强地震的构造、应力条件,并从区域地震活动性的研究中指出,北西向的张家口～渤海地震带近年来地震活动频度高、强度大,在范围上又向北扩展,是近年较为活跃的地震构造带,从而对该区三至五年内的地震危险性作了估计。 相似文献
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根据青藏块体东北缘地区的跨断层流动水准测量资料,分别从断层形变异常的空间分布特征,不同断裂带上断层形变平均活动速率的分布和断层形变群体性异常在时间上的分布三个方面进行了统计、对比、分析和研究。结果显示,自2002年以来青藏块体东北缘地区的断层形变异常的主体区域逐步由西向东迁移,地震活动也具由西向东迁移的现象;断层平均活动速率也是东部区偏高。但是,断层形变群体异常在时间上的分布显示目前该区域断层形变异常活动的数量和强度均不十分显著,短期内发生强震的可能性不大。本文提出的方法及初步结论对该区域日常地震预测及震情跟踪工作有一定的参考价值。 相似文献
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The determination of the coefficient of viscosity of eruptive products gives useful elements to the knowledge of possible variations of composition and physical conditions of the magmas. 相似文献
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Geomagnetism and Aeronomy - The magnetic evolution of the active region of the Sun at the level of the photosphere has been studied. Magnetic synoptic maps of the 2007 Kitt Peak Observatory were... 相似文献
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Studia Geophysica et Geodaetica - 相似文献
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V. E. Pavlov T. Yu. Tolmacheva R. V. Veselovskiy A. V. Latyshev A. M. Fetisova I. V. Bigun 《Izvestiya Physics of the Solid Earth》2017,53(5):702-713
Until recently, the existing data prevented the geophysicists from accurately dating the Bysy-Yuryakh stratum, which outcrops in the middle reach of the Kotuy River, constraining the time of its formation to a wide interval from the end of the Late Cambrian to the beginning of the Silurian. The obtained paleomagnetic data unambiguously correlate the Bysy-Yuryakh stratum to the Nyaian regional stage and constrain its formation, at least a considerable part of it, by the Tremadocian. This result perfectly agrees with the data on the Bysy-Yuryakh conodonts studied in this work and yields a spectacular example of the successful application of paleomagnetic studies in solving important tasks of stratigraphy and, correspondingly, petroleum geology. Within the Bysy-Yuryakh stratum, we revealed a large normal-polarity interval corresponding to the long (>1 Ma) period when the geomagnetic reversals were absent. This result, in combination with the data for the Tremadocian and Middle–Upper Cambrian sequences of the other regions, indicates that (1) the rate of occurrence of the geomagnetic reversals on the eve of the Ordovician Moyero superchron of reversed polarity was at most one reversal per Ma; (2) the superchron does not switch on instantaneously but is preceded by a certain gradual change in the operation conditions of the dynamo mechanism which, inter alia, manifests itself by the reduction of the frequency of geomagnetic reversals with the approach of the superchron. This finding supports the views according to which a process preparing the establishment of the superchrons takes place at the core–mantle boundary. 相似文献
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Summary A simple model is proposed suitable for studying the effect of the ground layer of the atmosphere, polluted by aerosol, on the albedo. This model is founded on solving the equation of transfer of radiative energy. The numerical results are discussed, particular attention being paid to the analysis of errors due to neglecting the multiple reflection of solar radiation on the aerosol particles. A method which would also include the multiple reflection is proposed, and the conditions under which the presence of the aerosol is responsible for an increase or decrease of the solar radiation balance on the Earth's surface, are analysed. 相似文献
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Josef Vykutil 《Studia Geophysica et Geodaetica》1968,12(2):217-220
Резюме Дается вывод формул для вычислений длины хорды, длины и азимутов нормаляных сечений и длины геодезической линии эллипсоида.
Применяются тригонометрические функции данных величин и постоянные принятого ргфгргнц-эллипсоида, что является целесообразным
при использовании вычислителQjных машин, особенно автоматов. Рабочие формулы рекомендуются в форме (8–11).
Dedicated to Professor František Fiala on His 85th Birthday
Address: Veveři 95, Brno. 相似文献
Dedicated to Professor František Fiala on His 85th Birthday
Address: Veveři 95, Brno. 相似文献
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Summary The maintenance of the axisymmetric component of the flow in the atmosphere is investigated by means of a steady-state, quasi-geostrophic formulation of the meteorological equations. It is shown that the meridional variations in the time-averaged axisymmetric variables can be expressed as the sum of three contributions, one being due to the eddy heat transport, another to the eddy momentum transport, and a third to the convective-radiative equilibrium temperature which enters the problem through the specification of a Newtonian form of diabatic heating. The contributions by the large scale eddies are evaluated through the use of observed values for the eddy heat and momentum transports.The contributions from each of the three forcing mechanisms to the temperature and zonal wind fields are invstigated individually and found to be of about equal importance. The sum of the three contributions are also presented for the temperature, the zonal wind, the stream function associated with the mean meridional circulation and the corresponding vertical motion. Although the results fail to reproduce the main observed features of the lower stratosphere, they are found to be in good agreement with observations in the middle latitude troposphere. At any pressure level, for example, the computed mean zonal wind has a jet-like profile and the axis of the jet is found to slope to the south with height, as observed in the atmosphere.Based in part on a thesis submitted by the first author as partial fulfillment of the requirements for the Ph.D. degree at the University of Michigan. — Publication No. 194 from the Department of Meteorology and Oceanography, The University of Michigan. 相似文献
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Ivanka Jakubcová Věra Marvanová Miloš Pick Antonín Novotný Reviewer Z. Šimon 《Studia Geophysica et Geodaetica》1982,26(2):193-196
Summary The results of two different methods of the determination of the non-linearity of the gravimeter scale are compared; the economy is discussed as well. 相似文献
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Atmospheric temperature and humidity fields as well as information on other meteorological parameters are nowadays retrieved from radiance measurements recorded by operational meteorological satellites. Up to now, the inversion procedures used only take into account crude information on the topography of the Earth’s surface. However, the applied radiative transfer codes have to consider the Earth’s surface as the lower boundary of the atmospheric model and, therefore, need a more precise mean elevation and a classification of the roughness of the Earth’s surface. The influence of the topography of the Earth surface on retrieved temperature profiles is studied by using a physico-statistical inversion method. An objective analysis is made of the more precise mean elevation and derivation of roughness parameters using a new high-resolution digital elevation model (DEM) with a resolution of 500 m×500 m. By means of a geomorphological process and a newly developed topography rejection test, areas with a high surface roughness are localized and singled out. The influence of topography on the retrieved temperature profiles is illustrated by case studies. Changes are found predominantly in areas with a high variation of topography. Using the new high-resolution DEM and the topography rejection test, the geographical position of the calculated temperature profiles tends to be shifted towards areas with a small vertical variation of topography. The mean elevation determined by the new elevation model better characterizes the area observed. Hence, the temperature profiles can be calculated down to lower atmospheric levels. Furthermore, a guess profile better describing the atmospheric situation is selected by the more precise elevation. In addition, the temperature profiles obtained near the coast are improved considerably by the more precise determination of the surface property ‘sea’ and ‘land,’ respectively. Integration of an independent physical information such as topography leads, on average, to a slight improvement of the results of the physico-statistical inversion procedure. In some cases, however, significant improvements have been achieved regarding the desired accuracy of temperature profiles of the order of 1 K. In future, the spatial resolution of new high-resolution sounding instrumentation on the next generation of operational meteorological satellites will be increased. To exploit the resolving power of this new instrumentation, the different variation of the topography of the Earth surface, especially in regions with a high variation of topography, can be taken into account more precisely by using a high-resolution DEM. 相似文献