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应用盘锦市疾控中心2008年1月1日至2009年12月31日逐日脑血管病发病人数及同期逐日气象资料,采用相关分析、逐步回归等方法,分析了脑血管病与气象要素的关系,建立了逐日脑血管病发病趋势的气象预报模型。结果表明：各类气象要素与未来3 d脑血管病发病人数滑动平均具有较好的相关性;气象因子对脑血管病发病人数的影响存在着一种滞后效应和持续效应;脑血管病发病人数与当日最低气温、平均气温、最低气压、平均风速、湿度、最大气温日较差等气象要素相关显著;不同的季节影响脑血管病发病人数的敏感气象因子不同,且相关关系差异较大。逐日脑血管病发病趋势的气象预报模型预报检验效果较好。 相似文献
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为了探明气温与呼吸系统疾病住院人数的关系，合理实施辽宁省县域城市疾病预防预警，基于2016—2018年辽宁省北票市和西丰县两县域城市的逐日气象观测资料和呼吸系统疾病住院病例资料，分析当地呼吸系统疾病住院就诊人数的季节分布特征及其年龄分布特征。在此基础上，采用广义相加模型（Generalized Additive Model,GAM）和分布滞后非线性模型（the Distributed Lag Non-linear Model,DLNM）探究了气温对呼吸系统疾病住院人数的影响，并按性别、年龄分层建模，使用归因分值（Attributable Fraction,AF）量化了暴露在特定气温（极端低温、中度低温、中度高温、极端高温）范围内的患病风险。结果表明，两地呼吸系统疾病住院人数全年峰值出现在冬春季，患病人群以少儿和老年人群居多。北票市、西丰县人群的最适宜气温分别为26.2、22.2℃；气温对呼吸系统疾病患病的影响以低温滞后效应为主，高温存在即时效应但并不显著。北票市和西丰县分别有27.0%(95%置信区间为20.3%～32.9%)和29.0%(95%置信区间为22.1%～35.0%)的呼吸... 相似文献
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深圳地处我国华南沿海季风敏感区,为探究季风等气象和污染要素对其呼吸系统疾病发病的影响和其预测相关就诊风险的可行性,本文利用当地2015-2016年呼吸系统疾病就诊人数资料及同期气象和污染物资料,并运用BP人工神经网络和LSTM网络构建呼吸系统疾病就诊人数预测模型。结果显示:每年九月份开始,冬季风的冷胁迫效应会使相关人群呼吸系统疾病发病人数波动式增加,直至次年冬季风向夏季风转换前的三月份发病人数达到峰值；而夏季风控制期间当地居民呼吸系统疾病发病人数呈波动式减少态势,比峰值期间减少35%；另外,该地不同呼吸系统疾病其主控因素也不相同；对比两种预测模型,总体上LSTM网络预报模型对深圳呼吸系统疾病风险预测准确率更高,可以满足健康气象预报服务业务需求。 相似文献
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为了帮助医疗机构合理调配医务力量、床位和医疗药物,同时也帮助脑卒中高危人群及时采取干预措施,降低发病风险。本文对某市[1]四家医院2013—2016年脑卒中的就诊病例进行数据分析,将日就诊人数分为6个等级。然后,调取相应时段当地的逐日气象资料,采用支持向量机(SVM)和随机森林(RF)方法分别建立了日就诊人数预测模型和日就诊人数与气象因素的关系模型。研究结果表明:(1)脑卒中的日就诊人数为不平衡数据,这种数据特征将导致传统的预测模型正确率较低;(2)通过不断调整SVM预测模型的初始权重,经历了4次优化之后,使得日就诊人数的预测正确率从52.46%上升到94.56%;(3)随机森林模型的结果显示,影响脑卒中发病率的三大气象因素分别是最高气温、最低气温和平均气温。基于机器学习模型的脑卒中疾病与气象因素的研究成果,提高了医疗气象统计模型的预报准确率,具有较高的应用和推广价值。 相似文献
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Effect of different cold air intensities and their lagged effects on outpatient visits for respiratory illnesses in Handan in different seasons 
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下载免费PDF全文 Xingshan Zhang Guiqin Fu Liang Zhao Ji Wang Caimeng Liang Juanhuai Wang Meng Li 《大气和海洋科学快报》2024,(1):41-46
本文利用2016年到2019年邯郸市气象要素和呼吸系统疾病门诊数据,分析了不同季节不同强度的冷空气过程及其对呼吸系统疾病的影响.结果显示:尽管呼吸系统疾病在冬季高发,夏季最低,但冷空气对呼吸系统疾病的影响在夏,春季最大,就诊人数分别在冷空气日后两天和五天增加18.4%和13.3%,而冬季就诊人数在冷空气日后三天仅增加3.2%.冷空气对疾病影响的滞后时间在夏,秋和冬季随冷空气强度的增加而减少,而春季的滞后时间总是很长.这些发现可为科学应对气候异常导致的人群健康风险提供针对性依据. 相似文献
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利用成都市金牛区妇幼保健院2012年1~12月和2013年7月~2014年6月的儿童呼吸系统疾病病例,与同期气象资料进行统计和分析。结果表明,成都地区儿童呼吸系统疾病具有明显的季节变化,11月和12月为高峰期,8月最少。儿童呼吸系统疾病发病与年龄呈反比,年龄越小,患病的几率越大;男童比女童更易患呼吸系统疾病。儿童呼吸系统疾病与气象要素有紧密的关系,并且气象要素对呼吸系统疾病发病的影响存在较明显的滞后性,冷空气影响是发病人数明显增多的主要原因之一。利用逐步回归法,分四个季节建立了呼吸系统疾病逐日发病人数的预报方程,并进行了等级划分,经预报检验,预报模式具有较好的预报能力。 相似文献
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选取华南地区深圳市、西南地区攀枝花市两个不同气候区的当地医院上呼吸道感染发病逐日就诊病例数据和同期气象数据，采用随机森林方法和RNN（Recurrent neural network）深度学习方法，通过对两地上呼吸道感染发病特征及其与气象条件关系进行细致研究，分别构建了两地上呼吸道感染发病风险预测模型。研究结果表明：(1)深圳市上呼吸道感染就诊人数峰值每年出现在6-8月期间，谷值出现在1-2月期间，呈现以热不舒适的效应为主；而攀枝花市上呼吸道感染就诊人数峰值则出现在每年11月到次年的1月期间，谷值出现在每年3-7月期间，呈现以冷不舒适效应为主。(2)逐日平均气温的变化对两地上呼吸道感染发病的影响最明显，当日平均气温高于25℃或者低于10℃时，两地上呼吸道感染发病风险明显上升。(3)日平均风速影响次之，它与日平均相对湿度和日平均气温一起，通过对气候舒适度产生影响，进而影响上人群上呼吸道感染发病情况。(4)在对上呼吸道感染与气象要素关联性分析及预测方法优选的基础上，基于RNN深度学习方法构建的两城市上呼吸道感染发病风险预测模型，可为当地相关疾病风险预测及防控提供重要科技支持。 相似文献
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贵州从江椪柑黄龙病的发生及气象条件分析 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
《贵州气象》2010,(2)
利用贵州省从江县1981—2005-05—08逐日平均气温、降水量、蒸发量以及日平均相对湿度等气象资料,并结合椪柑果树发生黄龙病的资料分析表明:当日平均气温在22~28℃、相对湿度80%~90%,有利于黄龙病病菌的滋生和蔓延;当日平均气温≥25℃时,黄龙病的病源就开始存在;当日平均气温≥27℃、相对湿度≥80%时,有利于黄龙病的发生和传播;当连续5d平均气温≥27℃时,就能导致大面积的黄龙病病害发生、蔓延和迅速传播。 相似文献
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福州市夏季电力气象等级预测模型初探 总被引：2，自引：1，他引：2
对福州市1999~2002年5~9月日电力负荷与日平均气温、日最高气温、日最低气温、日平均相对湿度和天气状况进行分析,发现气象要素的变化会直接影响到电力负荷的调整。从逐日电力负荷资料中提取气象要素引起电力负荷变化的部分即气象负荷,通过计算气象电力负荷与气象要素之间一系列相关指标,并利用回归分析方法建立福州市夏季气象电力负荷预测模型,利用气象要素预报,可实现对气象电力负荷的预测。预测结果通过检验、分析和判定,最后确定了气象电力负荷等级划分的标准。对2003~2005年福州市夏季逐日气象电力负荷等级进行回代检验,结果表明该预测模型有较好的预报能力。 相似文献
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The moving-window correlation analysis was applied to investigate the relationship between autumn Indian Ocean Dipole (IOD) events and the synchronous autumn precipitation in Huaxi region, based on the daily precipitation, sea surface temperature (SST) and atmospheric circulation data from 1960 to 2012. The correlation curves of IOD and the early modulation of Huaxi region’s autumn precipitation indicated a mutational site appeared in the 1970s. During 1960 to 1979, when the IOD was in positive phase in autumn, the circulations changed from a “W” shape to an ”M” shape at 500 hPa in Asia middle-high latitude region. Cold flux got into the Sichuan province with Northwest flow, the positive anomaly of the water vapor flux transported from Western Pacific to Huaxi region strengthened, caused precipitation increase in east Huaxi region. During 1980 to 1999, when the IOD in autumn was positive phase, the atmospheric circulation presented a “W” shape at 500 hPa, the positive anomaly of the water vapor flux transported from Bay of Bengal to Huaxi region strengthened, caused precipitation ascend in west Huaxi region. In summary, the Indian Ocean changed from cold phase to warm phase since the 1970s, caused the instability of the inter-annual relationship between the IOD and the autumn rainfall in Huaxi region. 相似文献
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基于最新的GTAP8 (Global Trade Analysis Project）数据库,使用投入产出法,分析了2004年到2007年全球贸易变化下南北集团贸易隐含碳变化及对全球碳排放的影响。结果显示,随着发展中国家进出口规模扩张,全球贸易隐含碳流向的重心逐渐向发展中国家转移。2004年到2007年,发达国家高端设备制造业和服务业出口以及发展中国家资源、能源密集型行业及中低端制造业出口的趋势加强,该过程的生产转移导致全球碳排放增长4.15亿t,占研究时段全球贸易隐含碳增量的63%。未来发展中国家的出口隐含碳比重还将进一步提高。贸易变化带来的南北集团隐含碳流动变化对全球应对气候变化行动的影响日益突出,发达国家对此负有重要责任。 相似文献
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Hourly outgoing longwave radiation(OLR) from the geostationary satellite Communication Oceanography Meteorological Satellite(COMS) has been retrieved since June 2010. The COMS OLR retrieval algorithms are based on regression analyses of radiative transfer simulations for spectral functions of COMS infrared channels. This study documents the accuracies of OLRs for future climate applications by making an intercomparison of four OLRs from one single-channel algorithm(OLR12.0using the 12.0 μm channel) and three multiple-channel algorithms(OLR10.8+12.0using the 10.8 and 12.0 μm channels; OLR6.7+10.8using the 6.7 and 10.8 μm channels; and OLR All using the 6.7, 10.8, and 12.0 μm channels). The COMS OLRs from these algorithms were validated with direct measurements of OLR from a broadband radiometer of the Clouds and Earth's Radiant Energy System(CERES) over the full COMS field of view [roughly(50°S–50°N, 70°–170°E)] during April 2011.Validation results show that the root-mean-square errors of COMS OLRs are 5–7 W m-2, which indicates good agreement with CERES OLR over the vast domain. OLR6.7+10.8and OLR All have much smaller errors(～ 6 W m-2) than OLR12.0and OLR10.8+12.0(～ 8 W m-2). Moreover, the small errors of OLR6.7+10.8and OLR All are systematic and can be readily reduced through additional mean bias correction and/or radiance calibration. These results indicate a noteworthy role of the6.7 μm water vapor absorption channel in improving the accuracy of the OLRs. The dependence of the accuracy of COMS OLRs on various surface, atmospheric, and observational conditions is also discussed. 相似文献
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Using the International Comprehensive Ocean-Atmosphere Data Set(ICOADS) and ERA-Interim data, spatial distributions of air-sea temperature difference(ASTD) in the South China Sea(SCS) for the past 35 years are compared,and variations of spatial and temporal distributions of ASTD in this region are addressed using empirical orthogonal function decomposition and wavelet analysis methods. The results indicate that both ICOADS and ERA-Interim data can reflect actual distribution characteristics of ASTD in the SCS, but values of ASTD from the ERA-Interim data are smaller than those of the ICOADS data in the same region. In addition, the ASTD characteristics from the ERA-Interim data are not obvious inshore. A seesaw-type, north-south distribution of ASTD is dominant in the SCS; i.e., a positive peak in the south is associated with a negative peak in the north in November, and a negative peak in the south is accompanied by a positive peak in the north during April and May. Interannual ASTD variations in summer or autumn are decreasing. There is a seesaw-type distribution of ASTD between Beibu Bay and most of the SCS in summer, and the center of large values is in the Nansha Islands area in autumn. The ASTD in the SCS has a strong quasi-3a oscillation period in all seasons, and a quasi-11 a period in winter and spring. The ASTD is positively correlated with the Nio3.4 index in summer and autumn but negatively correlated in spring and winter. 相似文献
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《大气和海洋科学快报》2014,(4):F0003-F0003
AIMS AND SCOPE
Atmospheric and Oceanic Science Letters （AOSL） publishes short research letters on all disciplines of the atmosphere sciences and physical oceanography. Contributions from all over the world are welcome. 相似文献
Atmospheric and Oceanic Science Letters （AOSL） publishes short research letters on all disciplines of the atmosphere sciences and physical oceanography. Contributions from all over the world are welcome. 相似文献
16.
《大气科学进展》2014,(6)
正The editorial office of Advances in Atmospheric Sciences(AAS),on behalf of all AAS editors,would like to publicly acknowledge the people listed below who served as reviewers for the journal daring 1 September 2013 to 24 August 2014.We recognize that the time and work of the reviewers is the most important resource in academic publishing.The quality of our journal depends in a crucial way upon the reviewing process and therefore all reviewers'time and efforts taken to sustain the quality of the journal are greatly appreciated. 相似文献
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Geophysical data sets are growing at an ever-increasing rate, requiring computationally efficient data selection(thinning)methods to preserve essential information. Satellites, such as Wind Sat, provide large data sets for assessing the accuracy and computational efficiency of data selection techniques. A new data thinning technique, based on support vector regression(SVR), is developed and tested. To manage large on-line satellite data streams, observations from Wind Sat are formed into subsets by Voronoi tessellation and then each is thinned by SVR(TSVR). Three experiments are performed. The first confirms the viability of TSVR for a relatively small sample, comparing it to several commonly used data thinning methods(random selection, averaging and Barnes filtering), producing a 10% thinning rate(90% data reduction), low mean absolute errors(MAE) and large correlations with the original data. A second experiment, using a larger dataset, shows TSVR retrievals with MAE < 1 m s-1and correlations 0.98. TSVR was an order of magnitude faster than the commonly used thinning methods. A third experiment applies a two-stage pipeline to TSVR, to accommodate online data. The pipeline subsets reconstruct the wind field with the same accuracy as the second experiment, is an order of magnitude faster than the nonpipeline TSVR. Therefore, pipeline TSVR is two orders of magnitude faster than commonly used thinning methods that ingest the entire data set. This study demonstrates that TSVR pipeline thinning is an accurate and computationally efficient alternative to commonly used data selection techniques. 相似文献
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Social models of population vulnerability to disasters increasingly include the notion that vulnerability has a strong temporal component. While this temporality is typically conceptualized as objective (making vulnerability “dynamic,” “multiscalar,” and/or “historical”), it consistently fails to acknowledge that among stakeholders managing hazardscapes temporality is also a social process in which subjective experience of time may play a role in creating situations of population vulnerability. This paper proposes that the temporal situatedness of a population relative to past hazard events and the quality with which stakeholders engage hazard memory-chains combine to significantly influences its vulnerability to natural hazards. It is proposed that this temporal vulnerability is characterized by shared, population level potential for surprise and can be evaluated by exploration of time-series depth and temporal reference points in historical ecological narratives and documents. Based on ethnohistoric research conducted from 2002 to 2006 in flood-prone eastern North Carolina (USA), it is illustrated how temporal vulnerability was relatively higher in the Neuse River watershed located at the City of Kinston than surrounding watersheds. Due to the combination of factors including the damming of the Neuse River in the 1980s, outdated official floodplain maps, relatively unmonitored floodplain development, the stochastic timing of flood events (placing the last major flood more than a generation away), technological optimism, and turnover of floodplain officials and residents, local stakeholders were seriously misinformed about the space-time risks involved both before and after the disaster of Hurricane Floyd (1999) happened. To deal with this inconsistency, the temporal rarity of Hurricane Floyd as a “500-year event” has been motivated and embraced by many in an effort to continue life-as-is. The paper proposes that the concept of temporal vulnerability is further explored and used as key dimension in the vulnerability sciences. 相似文献
20.
An assessment of the predictability of the East Asian Subtropical Westerly Jet based on TIGGE data 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
The predictability of the position, spatial coverage and intensity of the East Asian subtropical westerly jet(EASWJ) in the summers of 2010 to 2012 was examined for ensemble prediction systems(EPSs) from four representative TIGGE centers,including the ECMWF, the NCEP, the CMA, and the JMA. Results showed that each EPS predicted all EASWJ properties well, while the levels of skill of all EPSs declined as the lead time extended. Overall, improvements from the control to the ensemble mean forecasts for predicting the EASWJ were apparent. For the deterministic forecasts of all EPSs, the prediction of the average axis was better than the prediction of the spatial coverage and intensity of the EASWJ. ECMWF performed best, with a lead of approximately 0.5–1 day in predictability over the second-best EPS for all EASWJ properties throughout the forecast range. For probabilistic forecasts, differences in skills among the different EPSs were more evident in the earlier part of the forecast for the EASWJ axis and spatial coverage, while they departed obviously throughout the forecast range for the intensity. ECMWF led JMA by about 0.5–1 day for the EASWJ axis, and by about 1–2 days for the spatial coverage and intensity at almost all lead times. The largest lead of ECMWF over the relatively worse EPSs, such as NCEP and CMA, was approximately 3–4 days for all EASWJ properties. In summary, ECMWF showed the highest level of skill for predicting the EASWJ, followed by JMA. 相似文献