共查询到18条相似文献，搜索用时 156 毫秒
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利用本溪市2002年TSP(总悬浮颗粒物)和SO2(二氧化硫)大气环境监测资料、污染源排放清单资料和气象资料以及新一代大气扩散模型，进行了本溪市大气环境质量区域评价。结果表明：本溪市低架源对地面浓度的贡献相对较大，高架源对地面浓度的贡献相对较小。 相似文献
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本文利用哈尔滨市2000～2003年气象与空气质量的监测资料,分析了大气稳定度对污染物扩散影响。其中包括大气逆温﹑里查逊数对污染物扩散的影响,并依此进行了大气稳定度和所对应的大气污染等级划分。 相似文献
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本文利用哈尔滨市2000～2003年气象与空气质量的监测资料,分析了大气稳定度对污染物扩散影响.其中包括大气逆温、里查逊数对污染物扩散的影响,并依此进行了大气稳定度和所对应的大气污染等级划分. 相似文献
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空气质量与天气密切相关。风、降水等对污染物的扩散起到重要作用,从而影响空气质量。
风搬运污染物风是大气中污染物的搬运工。森林大火产生的浓烟及其他污染物都可能随风飘向远方,也有可能飘到我们的家门前。无风或者微风的天气中,污染物很难扩散,因此不断增多。 相似文献
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采用中尺度的数值预报模式（MM5V3）和大气扩散模式（HYSPLIT4）,并与GIS技术结合,建立了珠海市中小尺度大气扩散应急数值预报模式系统,能够有效模拟事故源排放的大气污染物或有害物质逐时的输送扩散过程;建立了包括地理信息、大气污染源和危险源库,以便估计污染影响范围和程度,受灾人口等,为突发性大气污染事件的处理提供科学可靠的依据。 相似文献
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利用常规高空和地面气象观测资料、湘潭市空气质量监测数据并结合HYSPLIT4后向轨迹模式对2020年10月28-31日污染天气特征及成因进行分析。结果表明此次污染过程分为3个阶段:第1阶段为北方偏二次型传输阶段,此阶段北风风力较大,在强北风的推动下华北地区污染物(PM2.5)向南传输影响湘潭;第2阶段为大气高湿静稳条件下本地源(工业源、移动源、扬尘源、生物质燃烧源)排放累积阶段,此阶段地面转均压场,整层大气湿度接近饱和并出现弱降水,气态污染物在污染过程中发生二次转化,颗粒物吸湿增长,且近地面出现逆温,不利于污染物的垂直扩散,导致边界层内的污染物不断累积,污染加重,推高了湘潭的PM2.5浓度峰值;第3阶段为污染物缓慢清除阶段,随着新一波冷空气影响湘潭地区,水平扩散条件逐步改善,且上游空气质量优良,本地污染物得到有利扩散,此次污染过程结束。 相似文献
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Changes in air pollutants during the COVID-19 lockdown in Beijing:Insights from a machine-learning technique and implications for future control policy 
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下载免费PDF全文 Jiabao Hu Yuepeng Pan Yuexin He Xiyuan Chi Qianqian Zhang Tao Song Weishou Shen 《大气和海洋科学快报》2021,14(4):63-69
基于2015-2020年北京35个环境空气站和20个气象站观测资料,应用机器学习方法(随机森林算法)分离了气象条件和源排放对大气污染物浓度的影响.结果发现,为应对疫情采取的隔离措施使北京2020年春节期间大气污染物浓度降低了35.1％-51.8％;其中,背景站氮氧化物和一氧化碳浓度的降幅最大,超过了以往报道较多的交通站点.同时,2020年春节期间的气象条件不利于污染物扩散,导致多次霾污染事件发生.为进一步改善北京空气质量,未来需要优化减排策略. 相似文献
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在介绍城市室内空气污染的现状、空气污染物的主要来源种类及其对人体健康造成危害的基础上,对目前常用的控制室内空气污染、改善室内空气质量的方法进行了对比分析,并提出了一些建设性意见。 相似文献
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根据1985—2004年NCEP/NCAR再分析资料,采用HYSPLIT扩散模式和虚拟源方法,模拟分析了珠江三角洲大气污染物的空间和时间分布状况,初步讨论了珠江三角洲大气输送和扩散的季节特征,及其长期变化趋势。结果表明:珠江三角洲大气的输送和扩散有明显的季节变化特征,春、夏季大气污染物汇聚区位于珠江三角洲的西北侧,秋、冬季位于偏西侧;春、夏季的汇聚区明显强于秋、冬季。春、夏季大气分别向珠江三角洲西北和偏北方向的山区输送和扩散,而秋、冬季则沿着较为平坦的粤西海岸,向西南偏西方向输送和扩散。秋、冬季大气污染物的滞留时间明显比春、夏季短。1985—2004年大气输送和扩散能力存在年际差异,其中以2004年的输送和扩散能力最弱、1996年最强。 相似文献
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J. T. Lehman 《Theoretical and Applied Climatology》1998,61(1-2):29-37
Summary Comparison of historical and recent climatic data for Lake Victoria, a great lake in the high elevation tropics of East Africa,
demonstrates changes in surface temperature, air moisture, atmospheric transparency, and wind shear from conditions 35 years
ago. The changes appear to be part of a global change in climate conditions of the high elevation tropics. The physical and
ecological conditions of Lake Victoria appear responsive to lake-atmosphere interactions through mechanisms of wind stress
and surface heat fluxes. Lake temperatures, mixing regimes, oxygen levels, and primary production have changed in parallel
to air temperature, humidity, atmospheric transparency, and wind speeds between about 1960 and the present. Data indicate
strong coupling between meteorological components of lake heat balance and both biological and chemical conditions. Many features
of the apparent modern eutrophication of Lake Victoria may have been accelerated or exaggerated by the climate effects. The
analysis suggests a mechanism for feedback of climate on lake condition which, if general, might provide a modern analog for
periodic changes reported in the fossil diatom community of the lake over the past 10 millenia.
Received April 20, 1997 Revised January 1, 1998 相似文献
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2011年9月华西秋雨特征及成因分析 总被引：2，自引：1，他引：1
本文分析了2011年9月华西秋雨的时空分布特征和大尺度环流形势,并对秋雨形成的主要物理机制进行了诊断分析。结果表明:2011年9月华西地区北部降雨日数多、强度大、持续时间长、落区集中。9月上中旬500hPa高度场上巴尔喀什湖以北的高压脊稳定维持,脊前西北气流携带的冷空气与副高外围的东南暖湿气流和来自孟加拉湾北上的西南暖湿气流交汇于华西地区北部,造成了该地区长时间的持续性强降雨。华西地区北部处于高低能量之间的强能量锋区中,东路干冷空气的汇入,激 相似文献
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In the present paper the numerical integration of the atmospheric thermodynamic equation system is carried out to simulate the flow and concentration fields over a two-dimensional mountain. The concentration distri-butions from a continuous elevated release point at different positions on the lee-side under a variety of atmos-pheric stabilities are calculated to examine the effects of topography on the diffusion of pollutants. The comparison between the results calculated by the model and those observed in field experiments indicates that the model can predict the transport and diffusion of pollutants under different atmospheric conditions over complex terrain and may become an applicable tool for solving the air quality problems in mountain areas. 相似文献
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Hamdy K. Elminir 《Meteorology and Atmospheric Physics》2007,96(3-4):245-256
Summary Air pollution measurements from January 1999 to December 2003 were studied in 14 sites covering most of Egypt, with the aim
of understanding the governing processes pollutants phase interaction. The nature of the contributing sources has been investigated,
and some attempts have been made to indicate the role played by neighboring regions in determining the air quality at these
sites. The seasonal variability of particulate matter (PM10) and some gaseous pollutants (e.g., SO2, NO2, CO and O3) were analyzed. Their relationships with meteorology were also examined. The results reveal that levels of major air pollutants
were not significantly different at the rural and background sites during any season. On contrary the high atmospheric loading
for PM10, CO and SO2 was frequently observed in winter at the urban sites. As expected, the prevailing winds were found to have an influence not
only on air pollutants but also on the correlation between them. 相似文献
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The rapid economic growth has increased trace gas emissions in East Asia, resulting in various environmental issues, including acid deposition, regional haze, air quality degradation, and climate change, which are critical to the human existence. In particular, air quality degradation became an object of rising concern in East Asian countries. In order to understand sources, transport, and chemical transformation of air pollutants, scientists have widely used atmospheric chemical transport models (CTMs) in East Asia. Here we review our knowledge related to the present air quality issues and their modeling, focusing on O3 and particulate matter in East Asia. We finally suggest a few recommendations for the next generation of air quality models to improve their capability and use in this region. 相似文献