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1.
Coupled Dynamic Response Analysis of A Multi-Column Tension-Leg-Type Floating Wind Turbine 总被引：4，自引：3，他引：1
This paper presents a coupled dynamic response analysis of a multi-column tension-leg-type floating wind turbine (WindStar TLP system) under normal operation and parked conditions. Wind-only load cases, wave-only load cases and combined wind and wave load cases were analyzed separately for the WindStar TLP system to identify the dominant excitation loads. Comparisons between an NREL offshore 5-MW baseline wind turbine installed on land and the WindStar TLP system were performed. Statistics of selected response variables in specified design load cases (DLCs) were obtained and analyzed. It is found that the proposed WindStar TLP system has small dynamic responses to environmental loads and it thus has almost the same mean generator power output under operating conditions as the land-based system. The tension mooring system has a sufficient safety factor, and the minimum tendon tension is always positive in all selected DLCs. The ratio of ultimate load of the tower base fore-aft bending moment for the WindStar TLP system versus the land-based system can be as high as 1.9 in all of the DLCs considered. These results will help elucidate the dynamic characteristics of the proposed WindStar TLP system, identify the difference in load effect between it and land-based systems, and thus make relevant modifications to the initial design for the WindStar TLP system. 相似文献
2.
The asymmetric or periodically varying blade loads resulted by wind shear become more significant as the blade length is increased to capture more wind power. Additionally, compared with the onshore wind turbines, their offshore counterparts are subjected to additional wave loadings in addition to wind loadings within their lifetime. Therefore, vibration control and fatigue load mitigation are crucial for safe operation of large-scale offshore wind turbines. In view of this, a multi-body model of an offshore bottom-fixed wind turbine including a detailed drivetrain is established in this paper. Then, an individual pitch controller (IPC) is designed using disturbance accommodating control. State feedback is used to add damping in flexible modes of concern, and a state estimator is designed to predict unmeasured signals. Continued, a coupled aero-hydro-servo-elastic model is constructed. Based on this coupled model, the load reduction effect of IPC and the dynamic responses of the drivetrain are investigated. The results showed that the designed IPC can effectively reduce the structural loads of the wind turbine while stabilizing the turbine power output. Moreover, it is found that the drivetrain dynamic responses are improved under IPC.
相似文献3.
Fixed offshore wind turbines usually have large underwater supporting structures. The fluid influences the dynamic characteristics of the structure system. The dynamic model of a 5-MW tripod offshore wind turbine considering the pile–soil system and fluid structure interaction (FSI) is established, and the structural modes in air and in water are obtained by use of ANSYS. By comparing low-order natural frequencies and mode shapes, the influence of sea water on the free vibration characteristics of offshore wind turbine is analyzed. On basis of the above work, seismic responses under excitation by El-Centro waves are calculated by the time-history analysis method. The results reveal that the dynamic responses such as the lateral displacement of the foundation and the section bending moment of the tubular piles increase substantially under the influence of the added-mass and hydrodynamic pressure of sea water. The method and conclusions presented in this paper can provide a theoretical reference for structure design and analysis of offshore wind turbines fixed in deep seawater. 相似文献
4.
海上风机结构在运营期内可能面临极端风浪、地震等荷载作用。因此,极端工况作用下海上风机局部和整体结构反应将成为结构设计以及安全评价的重要参数。采用半整体方法,以桩基泥面最大位移、结构杆件极端承载力以及桩基抗压、抗拔承载力为判定指标,基于塑性可靠度理论,系统研究台风条件下运营期内海上风机基础结构可靠度指标变化规律,得出潜在的基础结构失效模式及相应判定指标。由研究可得,台风条件下运营期内海上风机基础结构各可靠度将显著受到基础冲刷、海生物生长和结构腐蚀的影响,并且结构失效模式将由单一模式破坏发展为多种模式联合失效。 相似文献
5.
In order to account for rigid-flexible coupling effects of floating offshore wind turbines, a nonlinear rigid-flexible coupled dynamic model is proposed in this paper. The proposed nonlinear coupled model takes the higher-order axial displacements into account, which are usually neglected in the conventional linear dynamic model. Subsequently,investigations on the dynamic differences between the proposed nonlinear dynamic model and the linear one are conducted. The results demonstrate that the stiffness of the turbine blades in the proposed nonlinear dynamic model increases with larger overall motions but that in the linear dynamic model declines with larger overall motions.Deformation of the blades in the nonlinear dynamic model is more reasonable than that in the linear model as well.Additionally, more distinct coupling effects are observed in the proposed nonlinear model than those in the linear model. Finally, it shows that the aerodynamic loads, the structural loads and global dynamic responses of floating offshore wind turbines using the nonlinear dynamic model are slightly smaller than those using the linear dynamic model. In summary, compared with the conventional linear dynamic model, the proposed nonlinear coupling dynamic model is a higher-order dynamic model in consideration of the rigid-flexible coupling effects of floating offshore wind turbines, and accord more perfectly with the engineering facts. 相似文献
6.
The worldwide demand for renewable energy is increasing rapidly. Wind energy appears as a good solution to copy with the energy shortage situation. In recent years, offshore wind energy has become an attractive option due to the increasing development of the multitudinous offshore wind turbines. Because of the unstable vibration for the barge-type offshore wind turbine in various maritime conditions, an ameliorative method incorporating a tuned mass damper (TMD) in offshore wind turbine platform is proposed to demonstrate the improvement of the structural dynamic performance in this investigation. The Lagrange's equations are applied to establish a limited degree-of-freedom (DOF) mathematical model for the barge-type offshore wind turbine. The objective function is defined as the suppression rate of the standard deviation for the tower top deflection due to the fact that the tower top deflection is essential to the tower bottom fatigue loads, then frequency tuning method and genetic algorithm (GA) are employed respectively to obtain the globally optimum TMD design parameters using this objective function. Numerical simulations based on FAST have been carried out in typical load cases in order to evaluate the effect of the passive control system. The need to prevent the platform mass increasing obviously has become apparent due to the installation of a heavy TMD in the barge-type platform. In this case, partial ballast is substituted for the equal mass of the tuned mass damper, and then the vibration mitigation is simulated in five typical load cases. The results show that the passive control can improve the dynamic responses of the barge-type wind turbine by placing a TMD in the floating platform. Through replacing partial ballast with a uniform mass of the tuned mass damper, a significant reduction of the dynamic response is also observed in simulation results for the barge-type floating structure. 相似文献
7.
风机基础作为海上风机整体结构的重要组成部分,承受着上部风机所受到的风浪流荷载,并且对风机的安全性及可靠性至关重要。吸力式桶形基础由于其安装简单和可重复利用等优点,在海洋平台基础中得到了广泛应用,并逐步应用于海上风机基础中。但由于海上风机与海洋平台在海洋环境中的荷载工况有一定的差别,仍需要通过对其承载特性研究现状进行全面认识,以实现吸力式桶形基础在海上风机基础中的可靠应用。文中通过总结和评价现有研究对桶形基础在不同土体条件以及荷载条件下进行试验及数值模拟分析得到的研究结果,综述了静荷载和循环荷载作用下砂土和黏土中的吸力式桶形基础的承载特性研究现状,以及海上风机吸力式桶形基础的相关研究。文章展望了目前应用于海上风机基础的桶形基础仍缺乏的研究,为海上风机吸力式桶形基础的可靠应用及后续研究提供重要参考。 相似文献
8.
以超大型风力机(DTU 10 MW)为研究对象,对现有的大型(NREL 5 MW)无撑杆半潜浮式风力机支撑平台进行放大设计,用于支撑超大型风力机,基于气动-水动-伺服-弹性全耦合计算模型,根据设定的典型工况,使用FAST软件对超大型和大型无撑杆的半潜浮式风力机系统进行时域耦合分析,并依据计算结果对超大型和大型浮式风力机系统的运动响应和结构动力反应等特性进行对比分析。研究发现:半潜浮式风力机大型化后,气动荷载效应对风力机系统的激励作用更为突出,使得浮式平台运动由风荷载激励的低频共振反应比例增大,波频运动比例减小,这也导致由浮式平台低频运动激励的锚链张力反应增大。此外,高倍的飞轮转动频率对大型半潜浮式风力机叶片、塔架结构的激励作用较超大型半潜浮式风力机更为显著。 相似文献
9.
以三浮筒(Tri-floater)型半潜式风机系统为对象,采用时域方法,考虑垂荡板的黏性阻尼效应,研究系泊缆直径、长度、预张力和布置方式等参数对其在风浪流中动力响应特性的影响规律,提出了一种系泊参数优化方法。在此基础上,根据东海和南海三个不同水深区域百年一遇海洋环境条件,通过调整Tri-floater型浮式基础的吃水和垂荡板等参数,有效地提高了其运动响应周期,减小了其运动响应幅值。同时,根据风机浮式基础运动幅值的设计规范要求,针对三个不同水深区域特点,设计了Tri-floater型浮式基础的系泊系统。计算结果表明,改进后的Tri-floater型半潜式风机系统能满足百年一遇极端环境下的作业要求,适合于东海和南海海洋环境下海上风能资源的开发。 相似文献
10.
Fixed offshore wind turbines usually have large underwater supporting structures.The fluid influences the dynamic characteristics of the structure system.The dynamic model of a 5-MW tripod offshore wind turbine considering the pile–soil system and fluid structure interaction(FSI) is established,and the structural modes in air and in water are obtained by use of ANSYS.By comparing low-order natural frequencies and mode shapes,the influence of sea water on the free vibration characteristics of offshore wind turbine is analyzed.On basis of the above work,seismic responses under excitation by El-Centro waves are calculated by the time-history analysis method.The results reveal that the dynamic responses such as the lateral displacement of the foundation and the section bending moment of the tubular piles increase substantially under the influence of the added-mass and hydrodynamic pressure of sea water.The method and conclusions presented in this paper can provide a theoretical reference for structure design and analysis of offshore wind turbines fixed in deep seawater. 相似文献
11.
Tower, Spar platform and mooring system are designed in the project based on a given 6-MW wind turbine. Under wind-induced only, wave-induced only and combined wind and wave induced loads, dynamic response is analyzed for a 6-MW Spar-type floating offshore wind turbine (FOWT) under operating conditions and parked conditions respectively. Comparison with a platform-fixed system (land-based system) of a 6-MW wind turbine is carried out as well. Results demonstrate that the maximal out-of-plane deflection of the blade of a Spar-type system is 3.1% larger than that of a land-based system; the maximum response value of the nacelle acceleration is 215% larger for all the designed load cases being considered; the ultimate tower base fore-aft bending moment of the Spar-type system is 92% larger than that of the land-based system in all of the Design Load Cases (DLCs) being considered; the fluctuations of the mooring tension is mainly wave-induced, and the safety factor of the mooring tension is adequate for the 6-MW FOWT. The results can provide relevant modifications to the initial design for the Spar-type system, the detailed design and model basin test of the 6-MW Spar-type system. 相似文献
12.
13.
Design of an offshore wind turbine requires estimation of loads on its rotor, tower and supporting structure. These loads are obtained by time-domain simulations of the coupled aero-servo-hydro-elastic model of the wind turbine. Accuracy of predicted loads depends on assumptions made in the simulation models employed, both for the turbine and for the input wind and wave conditions. Currently, waves are simulated using a linear irregular wave theory that is not appropriate for nonlinear waves, which are even more pronounced in shallow water depths where wind farms are typically sited. The present study investigates the use of irregular nonlinear (second-order) waves for estimating loads on the support structure (monopile) of an offshore wind turbine. We present the theory for the irregular nonlinear model and incorporate it in the commonly used wind turbine simulation software, FAST, which had been developed by National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL), but which had the modeling capability only for irregular linear waves. We use an efficient algorithm for computation of nonlinear wave elevation and kinematics, so that a large number of time-domain simulations, which are required for prediction of long-term loads using statistical extrapolation, can easily be performed. To illustrate the influence of the alternative wave models, we compute loads at the base of the monopile of the NREL 5MW baseline wind turbine model using linear and nonlinear irregular wave models. We show that for a given environmental condition (i.e., the mean wind speed and the significant wave height), extreme loads are larger when computed using the nonlinear wave model. We finally compute long-term loads, which are required for a design load case according to the International Electrotechnical Commission guidelines, using the inverse first-order reliability method. We discuss a convergence criteria that may be used to predict accurate 20-year loads and discuss wind versus wave dominance in the load prediction. We show that 20-year long-term loads can be significantly higher when the nonlinear wave model is used. 相似文献
14.
Offshore wind energy resources are operational in cold regions, while offshore wind turbines will face the threat of icing. Therefore, it is necessary to study icing of offshore wind turbines under different icing conditions. In this study, icing sensitivity of offshore wind turbine blades are performed using a combination of FLUENT and FENSAP-ICE software, and the effects of liquid water content (LWC), medium volume diameter (MVD), wind speed and air temperature on blade icing shape are analyzed by two types of ice, namely rime ice and glaze ice. The results show that the increase of LWC and MVD will increase the amount of ice that forms on the blade surface for either glaze ice or rime ice, and an increase of MVD will expand the adhesion surface between ice and blade. Before reaching the rated wind speed of 11.4 m/s, it does not directly affect the icing shape. However, after reaching the rated wind speed, the attack angle of the incoming flow decreases obviously, and the amount of ice increases markedly. When the ambient air temperature meets the icing conditions of glaze ice (i.e., −5°C to 0°C), the lower the temperature, the more glaze ice freezes, whereas air temperature has no impact on the icing of rime ice. Compared with onshore wind turbines, offshore wind turbines might face extreme meteorological conditions, and the wind speed has no impact on the amount of ice that forms on the blade surface for most wind speeds
相似文献15.
《中国海洋工程》2021,(4)
In connection with the design of floating wind turbines, stochastic dynamic analysis is a critical task considering nonlinear wind and wave forces. To study the random structural responses of a newly designed submerged tension leg platform(STLP) wind turbine, a set of dynamic simulations and comparison analysis with the MIT/NREL TLP wind turbine are carried out. The signal filter method is used to evaluate the mean and standard deviations of the structural response. Furthermore, the extreme responses are estimated by using the mean upcrossing rate method. The fatigue damages for blade root, tower, and mooring line are also studied according to the simulated time-series. The results and comparison analysis show that the STLP gives small surge and pitch motions and mooring line tensions in operational sea states due to the small water-plane area. Additionally, in severe sea states, the STLP gives lower extreme values of platform pitch, slightly larger surge and heave motions and better towerbase and mooring line fatigue performances than those of the MIT/NREL TLP. It is found that the STLP wind turbine has good performances in structural responses and could be a potential type for exploiting the wind resources located in deep waters. 相似文献
16.
概念性地设计了一种新型半潜式海上风力机基础,确定了结构的型式和尺寸,对风浪联合作用下不同工况的风力机基础稳性进行了校核.考虑黏性阻尼和二阶波浪力的作用,计算分析了风力机基础的水动力系数、幅频运动以及动力响应特性.结果表明,经过改进的新型风力机基础具有良好的稳性和水动力性能,特别是在垂荡性能上有大幅的提升.波浪入射角度对垂荡的影响不大,但对其他自由度RAOs影响较大.垂荡、横摇和纵摇RAOs均存在一个主峰值和次峰值,但峰值周期均远离波能集中区.此外还发现,不同工况下风浪入射角对风机系统的动力响应和系泊力均有较大影响,相对于工作工况,极端工况下所受风荷载较小,但是系泊力更大. 相似文献
17.
借助FAST软件对OC4半潜式浮式风机平台进行数值计算,分析了影响海上浮式风机平台首摇运动的一系列重要因素及其变化规律(如风向变化、浪向变化、陀螺力矩等)。研究了平台首摇运动所诱导的风机系统动力响应,发现浮式风机首摇运动不仅会加剧平台耦合运动响应,而且还会影响风机的气动性能和加剧锚泊张力波动。提出并探讨了几种减小海上浮式风机支撑平台首摇运动的方法。 相似文献
18.
随着海上风电产业的快速发展,大型浮式风机逐渐从概念设计走向工程应用,但仍面临较大的挑战。一方面,在风、浪等环境载荷的作用下,浮式风机的气动载荷和水动力响应之间存在明显的相互干扰作用;另一方面,风力机大型化使得叶片细、长、薄的特点愈发突出,叶片柔性变形十分显著,这会影响到浮式风机的耦合性能。基于两相流CFD求解器naoe-FOAM-SJTU,结合弹性致动线模型和等效梁理论,建立了浮式风机气动—水动—气弹性耦合响应计算模型,并对规则波和剪切风作用下Spar型浮式风机的气动—水动—气弹性耦合响应进行了数值模拟分析。结果表明,风力机气动载荷使得叶片挥舞变形十分显著,而叶片的扭转变形会明显降低风力机的气动载荷。此外,风力机气动载荷会增大浮式平台的纵荡位移和纵摇角,同时,浮式平台运动响应会导致风力机气动载荷产生大幅度周期性变化。进一步地,叶片结构变形响应会使得浮式风机尾流场的速度损失和湍动能有所降低。 相似文献
19.
K. A. Abhinav 《Marine Georesources & Geotechnology》2017,35(6):817-828
This paper analyzes the influence of scour on the overall response of monopile-supported offshore wind turbines (OWTs) in 20-m water depth. Scouring effects on OWTs have been often studied within the geotechnical domain, considering static loads at the mudline. The present work attempts to address the scour-induced problems in OWTs by making use of an integrated aerodynamic–hydrodynamic load approach in sandy soils. The OWT analysis is simulated for operational and shut-down (parked) condition. Under parked situations, the OWT blades are feathered, and power production is suspended, owing to structural safety concerns. The 50 Monte Carlo responses of stochastic sea-state condition (wind speed with turbulence, significant wave height, and peak spectral period) are generated. Irregular, long-crested waves are generated using the Joint North Sea Wave Project (JONSWAP) spectrum. Then from each simulation, the ensemble response is obtained. Sandy soils of varying densities are considered. Results indicate that OWTs founded on loose sands suffer significant stiffness (and hence natural frequency) reductions, shifting the structure into the resonance regime. Lateral responses also show an escalation with reduction in density of sandy soil. 相似文献
20.
海上风力发电单立柱支撑结构拟静力分析 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
海上风电支撑结构不同于一般海洋结构物,它受到复杂的风机气动荷载、机械控制荷载和海洋环境荷载的多重作用。文章针对海上某单立柱风电支撑结构,通过分析其结构固有频率的约束限制以及外环境荷载的动力特性,综合考虑外环境荷载尤其是风机荷载的动力放大影响,给出海上单立柱风电支撑结构的拟静力分析思路。并进行极端及操作工况下支撑结构在风、浪、流环境荷载组合作用的应力计算和强度分析。提出该种结构在使用现有海洋结构物设计规范和风机设计规范时的注意事项。该分析比较结果及结论可作为海上类似风电支撑结构的设计参考。 相似文献