共查询到19条相似文献，搜索用时 125 毫秒
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本文基于时间分布参数设置,利用伴随同化方法,反演了Ekman模型中随时间变化的风应力拖曳系数,并在孪生实验和实际实验中对该方法进行了验证。在孪生实验中,研究了参数反演结果对不同影响因素的响应,包括:风速分布、风应力系数分布、风应力系数初始猜测值、风应力系数独立变量个数、观测数据误差和观测的深度。孪生实验结果验证了伴随同化方法反演Ekman模型中时变风应力系数的有效性,具体包括如下五个方面结论:1)不同风速分布下均能成功反演出不同风应力拖曳系数分布; 2)反演结果对初始猜测值较为敏感,风应力系数初始猜测值越接近给定值,反演结果越好;3)风应力系数独立点个数的选取会显著影响反演结果,合理的选择有利于提高反演效率及减小观测数据误差;4)观测误差能够影响反演结果,观测数据误差在20%以下时能取得合理的反演结果; 5)反演结果对观测数据的表层和次表层流速更为敏感,这是由Ekman流的物理性质决定的。实际实验,利用百慕大锚系试验平台的风速和流速数据,去除周期性潮流和地转流成分后得到Ekman流成分,并作为观测输入到该同化模型,反演出了适用于该区域和该时段的随时间变化的风应力系数。通过比较模拟流速和观测流速,证明利用伴随同化方法能从实测数据中反演出合理的时变风应力系数,对于海洋模型风应力系数的确定是一项有益的尝试。 相似文献
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WRF Hybrid方法同化HY-2A散射计风资料在台风“菲特”预报中的应用 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
《海洋预报》2016,(1)
选取台风"菲特"(Fitow,201323)临近登陆过程为试验个例,在WRF模式基础上,采用4种不同的初始化方案,对台风"菲特"进行了72 h预报试验,并分析了模式的初始化对预报效果的影响。试验结果表明,对于台风路径的预报,使用集合平均作为初始场进行预报,预报结果相对直接使用GFS资料作为初始场进行预报的结果有明显改善,使用3DVAR同化方法,将HY-2A卫星散射计风场资料同化到集合平均的初始场中,台风路径预报进一步有所改善,而使用Hybrid同化方法将HY-2A卫星散射计风场资料同化到集合平均的初始场中,台风路径进而又有明显改善;但是在台风强度方面的预报,4种初始化方案效果不相上下。 相似文献
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以气候耦合模式FOAM(Fast Ocean-Atmosphere Model)的气候态为背景场,基于参数的空间分布,定量地研究通过伴随同化方法反演空间变化的参数的能力,探讨影响反演结果的主要因素。通过孪生数值实验同化浮游植物资料,发现在单独反演1个空间变化的参数时,两种给定的参数空间变化都可以被很好地反演出来,参数的平均相对误差在4%以内,说明通过伴随同化方法可以有效地反演出空间变化的参数;而当同时反演作为控制变量的五个参数时,各参数变化趋势的搭配对反演结果影响很大,只有当这种搭配与模型中影响浮游植物生物量变化的生态机制一致时,5个参数才能较准确地得到反演。同化含有10%随机误差的观测数据对反演结果的影响不大,进一步说明了利用伴随同化方法反演参数空间变化的有效性。 相似文献
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南黄海的辐射沙脊群海域地形地貌复杂多变,应用遥感技术来测量其水下地形不仅有可能,而且势在必行。在对沿海及长江口门内外遥感反演水下地形研究的基础上,选择沙脊群海域中有代表性的一块水域为研究区,同步测量其水下地形和水流、悬沙含量,用实测地形和MODIS影像数据建立水深反演模型,同时分析该区域的悬沙光谱特征,选择悬沙遥感参数,以MODIS数据的水深反演模型和沙脊群水域的悬沙遥感参数为依据,建立削弱悬沙影响的水深遥感模型,从而反演出1.5×104km2的辐射沙脊群水下地形。从反演结果看,所建模型的相关系数二次方的值为0.664,F-值为18662,平均绝对误差为1.52m,平均相对误差为24%,5~15m水深段的平均相对误差只有18%,反演效果较好。 相似文献
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为了得到一种有效的计算海水涡动黏性的途径,本文基于伴随同化方法,研究了Ekman模型中垂向涡动黏性系数(verticaleddyviscositycoefficient,VEVC)的时间变化。本文推导了时间变化VEVC的优化关系式,并利用理想实验对三个影响因素进行了探究,包括优化算法、初始猜测、观测深度,其主要结论是:(1)梯度下降法的优化效果优于共轭梯度法和有限记忆BFGS(limited-memoryBroyden–Fletcher–Goldfarb–Shanno)法;(2)初始猜测值与实际值接近时,收敛速度更快,反演误差更小;(3)反演结果对表层和次表层的流速更为敏感。本文从百慕大试验站锚泊系统(Bermuda Testbed Mooring, BTM)的数据中提取了Ekman流速,并反演了VEVC的时间变化,实际实验结果表明:(1)对于实测数据而言,仍是梯度下降法优化效果最好;(2)将VEVC设置为时间变化型的反演策略,反演效果优于常数型和深度变化型;(3)该地区VEVC在0.01m~2/s左右。该研究为Ekman流的数值模拟提供了一种确定VEVC时间变化的有效方法,对于其他动力机制的研究具有一定的参考价值。 相似文献
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将最优插值法与赤潮数值模型相结合,针对时空分辨率不统一的卫星遥感数据及海洋常规调查数据,进行了东海赤潮高发区海表温度场及海表营养盐浓度场的数据同化研究,并在此基础上进行了该海区春季赤潮过程的数值模拟研究。数据同化结果显示,最优插值数据同化方法不仅在一定程度上修正了海表温度场模拟结果的误差,尤其体现在对赤潮藻的生长影响较大的温度区段18—20℃等值线的南移,而且较为明显地优化了研究海域海表营养盐浓度场,使模拟结果更加接近观测值。对比赤潮过程数值模拟结果发现,在未加同化情况下,海区赤潮藻并未形成大规模赤潮,并且消散较快;而在加入同化后,研究海域交替出现了硅藻及甲藻的大范围赤潮,赤潮生消过程与现场调查数据分析结果较为一致。耦合了最优插值数据同化方法的赤潮数值模型,由于具有改进海洋环境背景场的优势,因此可以在赤潮预报预警工作中得到较好应用。 相似文献
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通过数值试验验证卫星高度计波高数据同化对西北太平洋3 d海浪预报的改进效果。驱动海浪模式的强迫场采用国家海洋环境预报中心基于MM5模式预报的风场,波高数据同化使用的观测数据是Jason-1卫星高度计有效波高。用最优插值数据同化方法获得海浪有效波高的最优估计并重构相应的海浪方向谱,以此为初始场进行为期3 d的数值预报试验。与没有同化的预报进行了比较和分析,结果表明卫星高度计海浪数据同化对0~72 h预报有不同程度的明显改善,改进程度随预报时效的增加而减少。 相似文献
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随着卫星遥感技术的不断发展,高分辨率卫星影像逐渐应用到水深遥感反演领域。利用Worldview-2高分辨率卫星数据和电子海图数据,基于双波段比值法,反演获得实验区域20m以浅的水深。实验表明,Worldview-2等高分辨率多光谱卫星数据,具有一定反演浅水水深的能力,但在5m以浅的水域反演误差较大;双波段比值法,这种半经验半理论的模型,在水深遥感反演中具有更好的适用性;对比了一次线性、二次多项式、指数、对数等拟合方法,发现对数拟合的方法获取绝对水深,其精度相对其他方法更高。 相似文献
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悬浮泥沙作为重要水质参数，其分布和动态变化对河口及近岸的生态、环境、物质循环等都具有深远的影响。我国静止轨道高分四号(GF-4)卫星数据具有高时间和高空间分辨率的观测优势，在水色遥感上具有重大应用潜力。为探究GF-4卫星对悬浮泥沙浓度的监测能力，本文以杭州湾为研究区，构建反演模型，利用静止海洋水色成像仪进行交叉验证。结果表明，以GF-4卫星第5和第4波段遥感反射率的比值作为遥感因子建立的反演模型精度较高，决定系数为0.92，均方根误差为223.2 mg/L，平均相对误差为17.2%。交叉验证结果显示，GF-4卫星作为一种新的遥感数据源，在低浓度区与静止海洋水色成像仪反演悬浮泥沙浓度分布相似，但在高浓度区的差异随浓度增高而增大，总体可满足中国大部分海区的监测需求。 相似文献
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Two methods for the investigation of suspended particulate matter (SPM) transport in the North Sea are presented: numerical modeling and remote sensing by satellite. The principles and the main components of the two methods are outlined. The numerical model uses a particle tracer method for the simulation of advective transport. It takes into account the interaction with the sediment bed (deposition, erosion). Remote sensing uses data of the Coastal Zone Colour Scanner (CZCS). The physical background of remote sensing is outlined and an inverse modeling procedure for evaluation of the satellite images is described. Data obtained with the two methods are compared with each other and with ship measured data which shows the strong and the weak points of each method. The combined use of field measurements, satellite observations, numerical modeling and specific in situ process studies is recommended as the most effective way to investigate SPM transport 相似文献
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Correcting the errors in the initial conditions and wind stress in storm surge simulation using an adjoint optimal technique 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
An adjoint data assimilation methodology is applied to the Princeton Ocean Model and is evaluated by obtaining “optimal” initial conditions, sea surface forcing conditions, or both for coastal storm surge modelling. By prescribing different error sources and setting the corresponding control variables, we performed several sets of identical twin experiments by assimilating model-generated water levels. The experiment results show that, when the forecasting errors are caused by the initial (or surface boundary) conditions, adjusting initial (or surface boundary) conditions accordingly can significantly improve the storm surge simulation. However, when the forecasting errors are caused by surface boundary (or initial) conditions, data assimilation targeting improving the initial (or surface boundary) conditions is ineffective. When the forecasting errors are caused by both the initial and surface boundary conditions, adjusting both the initial and surface boundary conditions leads to the best results. In practice, we do not know whether the errors are caused by initial conditions or surface boundary conditions, therefore it is better to adjust both initial and surface boundary conditions in adjoint data assimilation. 相似文献
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Quantitative application on remote sensing of suspended sediment is an important aspect of the engineering application of remote sensing study.In this paper,the Xiamen Bay is chosen as the study area.Eleven different phases of the remote sensing data are selected to establish a quantitative remote sensing model to map suspended sediment by using remote sensing images and the quasi-synchronous measured sediment data.Based on empirical statistics developed are the conversion models between instantaneous suspended sediment concentration and tidally-averaged suspended sediment concentration as well as the conversion models between surface layer suspended sediment concentration and the depth-averaged suspended sediment concentration.On this basis,the quantitative application integrated model on remote sensing of suspended sediment is developed.By using this model as well as multi-temporal remote sensing images,multi-year averaged suspended sediment concentration of the Xiamen Bay are predicted.The comparison between model prediction and observed data shows that the multi-year averaged suspended sediment concentration of studied sites as well as the concentration difference of neighboring sites can be well predicted by the remote sensing model with an error rate of 21.61% or less,which can satisfy the engineering requirements of channel deposition calculation. 相似文献
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基于神经网络和TM图像的大连湾海域悬浮物质量浓度的反演 总被引：3，自引：1，他引：2
水体中的悬浮物是评价海洋水质的重要指标之一。采用卫星遥感方法可以获得大范围连续的悬浮物质量浓度。以1999年5月10日大连湾海上现场-卫星同步实验数据为基础,采用神经网络模型技术模拟了陆地卫星TM传感器中心波长分别为485,560和660nm3个波段的辐射亮度值与在该海域现场获取的悬浮物质量浓度之间的传递机理。以TM图像的3个可见光波段作为输入的神经网络模型的相关系数达0．79,在反演海水表层悬浮物质量浓度方面比传统的统计分析方法表现要好。这说明神经网络方法在模拟非线性关系进行遥感反演方面更具应用前景。 相似文献
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潮汐河口断面悬沙通量组分模式及其在长江口的应用 总被引：2，自引：5，他引：2
断面泥沙通量估算的误差主要来源于计算方法、测点布局等,通量模式应该建立在通量估算统计误差最小的原则基础之上.在断面网格设计中采用统计误差最小的等面积单元网格,在泥沙通量估算中采用泥沙组分浓度,在流速变量插值上垂向采用对数函数插值,横向采用第一边界三次方样条函数插值.这样建立的潮汐河口悬沙断面通量组分模式较以往的任何模式更完善,断面通量估算的误差最小.将该模式应用于长江河口南港断面悬沙通量估算及其输移机制分析,断面泥沙通量表现为大潮期大进大出、大出大于大进;小潮期小进小出、小出大于小进;主要输移机制是拉格朗日输移和潮泵. 相似文献
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A series of test simulations are performed to evaluate the impact of satellite-derived meteorological data on numerical typhoon track prediction. Geostationary meteorological satellite (GMS-5) and NOAA‘s TIROS operational vertical sounder (TOVS) observations are used in the experiments. A twodimensional variation assimilation scheme is developed to assimilate the satellite data directly into the Penn State-NCAR nonhydrostatic meteorological model (MM5). Three-dimensional objective analyses fields based on T213 results and routine observations are employed as the background fields of the initialization. The comparisons of the simulated typhoon tracks are also carried out, which correspond respectively to the initialization scheme with two-dimensional variation (2D- Var), three-dimensional observational nudging and direct assimilation of satellite data. It is found that, comparing with the experiments without satellite data assimilation, the first two assimilation schemes lead to significant improvements on typhoon track prediction. Track errors reduce by 18% at 12 h for 2D- Var and from about 16% at 24 h to about 35% at 48 h for observational nudging. The simulated results based on assimilating different kinds of satellite data are also compared. 相似文献
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《Ocean Modelling》2011,40(3-4):370-385
The increasing number of oceanic observations calls for the use of synthetic methods to provide consistent analyses of the oceanic variability that will support a better understanding of the underlying mechanisms. In this study, a 1/3° eddy-permitting model of the North Atlantic (from 20°S to 70°N) is combined with a 4D-variational method to estimate the oceanic state from altimeter observations. This resolution allows a better extraction of the physical content of altimeter data since the model spatial scales are more consistent with the data than coarser assimilation exercises because of a lower error in model representativity. Several strategies for the assimilation window are tested through twin experiments carried out under the following conditions: different window lengths and either a quasi-static (also known as progressive) variational assimilation with progressive extension of the window, or a simpler direct method without prior assimilation. From our set of experiments, the most efficient strategy is the use of both a simple direct assimilation method and a 90-day window. The assimilation of synthetic altimeter data constrains the model-temperature, -salinity and -velocity fields mainly over the first 1300 m where the error is the largest. Improvements occur not only in quiescent regions, but also in more energetic meso-scale regimes. Despite the existence of model- and surface forcing-errors as well as large errors in the first guess, the assimilation of real altimeter data proves to be consistent with our twin experiments. Indeed, the analyses show a better detachment of the Gulf Stream, weaker regional biases and more accurate positions for meso-scale structures. Independent hydrographic data (Argo floats and CTD cruises) and transports estimates along the OVIDE 2002 cruise show an improvement of the analysed oceanic state with respect to the assimilation-free case though water mass properties are still incorrectly represented. After assimilation, the North Atlantic heat transport in the model is in good agreement with independent estimates based on hydrographic data. 相似文献