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1.
调查及综合研究了台湾海峡表层沉积物中底栖有孔虫的分布特征,调查海区根据优势种类组成可以划分出１０个底栖有孔虫动物群,其经峡东侧所划分的６个义栖有孔虫生物相有机相连。动物群的分布与现代海洋环境有密切关系,从而对台湾海峡的古地理环境研究提供了依据。 相似文献
2.
台湾海峡地质构造特征 总被引：11，自引：1，他引：11
台湾海峡及其邻区构造可分为３个一级构造单元，即闵浙中生代隆起区、台湾峡新生代坳陷区和台湾新生代岛弧褶断区。其中台湾海峡新生代坳陷区由海峡的主体和台湾西部兵陵平原区组成，它的东、西边界分别是台湾屈尺－老浓断裂带和粤滨外深断裂带。本文在以往海峡西岸东南海海长东－南澳断裂带研究基础上，对近年来台湾海峡、特别是海峡新生代坳陷区各次一级构造单元的深部地质结构，海底地形地貌、沉积特征、断裂构造、火成岩分布和地 相似文献
3.
Geological Characteristics and Distribution of Submarine Physiographic Features in the Taiwan Region
Ho-Shing Yu 《Marine Georesources & Geotechnology》2003,21(3):139-153
The sea floor topography around Taiwan is characterized by the asymmetry of its shallow and flat shelves to the west and markedly deep troughs and basins to the south and east. Tectonics and sedimentation are major controls in forming the submarine physiographic features around Taiwan. Three Pliocene-Quaternary shelves are distributed north and west of Taiwan: East China Sea Shelf (passive margin shelf), the Taiwan Strait Shelf (foreland shelf), and Kaoping Shelf (island shelf) from north to south parallel to the strike of Taiwan orogen. Off northeastern Taiwan major morpho/tectonic features associated with plate subduction include E-W trending Ryukyu Trench, Yaeyama accretionary wedge, forearc basins, the Ryukyu Arcs, and the backarc basin of southern Okinawa Trough. Off eastern Taiwan lies the deep Huatung Basin on the Philippine Sea plate with a relatively flat floor, although several large submarine canyons are eroding and crossing the basin floor. Off southeastern Taiwan, the forearc region of the Luzon Arc has been deformed into five alternating N-S trending ridges and troughs during initial arc-continent collision. Among them, the submarine Hengchun Ridge is the seaward continuation of the Hengchun peninsula in southern Taiwan. Off southwestern Taiwan, the broad Kaoping Slope is the major submarine topographic feature with several noticeable submarine canyons. The Penghu Canyon separates this slope from the South China Sea Slope to the west and merges southwards into the Manila Trench in the northern South China Sea. Although most of sea floors of the Taiwan Strait are shallower than 60 m in water depth, there are three noticeable bathymetric lows and two highs in the Taiwan Strait. There exists a close relationship between hydrography and topography in the Taiwan Strait. The circulation of currents in the Taiwan Strait is strongly influenced by seasonal monsoon and semidiurnal tides. The Penghu Channel-Yunchang Ridge can be considered a modern tidal depositional system. The Taiwan Strait shelf has two phases of development. The early phase of the rift margin has developed during Paleoocene-Miocene and it has evolved to the foreland basin in Pliocene-Quaternary time. The present shelf morphology results mainly from combined effects of foreland subsidence and modern sedimentation overprinting that of the Late Pleistocene glaciation about 15,000 years ago. 相似文献
4.
Biogeochemical cycling in the Taiwan Strait 总被引：2，自引：1，他引：1
Based on repeat observations made during 2001–2003 along two transects in the Taiwan Strait this study aims at understanding factors controlling primary productivity with an emphasis on biogeochemical cycling of nitrogen, the major bio-limiting macronutrient. The Taiwan Strait receives copious supplies of nutrients through river runoff and upwelling in its western and northeastern parts, respectively, but the phytoplankton biomass, as inferred from the Chl a concentration, does not appear to be commensurately high. It is proposed that high water turbidity results in light limitation of primary productivity, especially in the western part of the strait. The accumulation of nitrite in the surface mixed layer appears to be due to nitrate reduction during phytoplankton assimilation, whereas in the near-bottom waters nitrite is most likely produced during nitrification. The net balance between input and loss of nitrogen is inferred from the nitrogen tracer N*. The Taiwan Strait is found to be a net recipient of combined nitrogen. 相似文献
5.
Employing harmonic analysis of tidal data in the Taiwan Strait, the cross-strait tidal characteristics are completely illustrated. Based on the two dimensional mild-slope equation which can be reduced to the shallow-water wave equation, a finite element model (Tsay et al., 1989) is applied to investigate the characteristics of tides in the Taiwan Strait. The co-range and equi-phase charts of major tidal constituents, such as M2, S2, N2, and K1, are reproduced. Anomalous amplification of semidiurnal tides in the Taiwan Strait is verified. With rotation effects neglected and by applying a non-reflective condition on the open boundaries, the numerical results of phase-lag and co-range distributions show very good agreement with observed data for semidiurnal tides in the Taiwan Strait. Due to crude representation of the topography at two ends along the China coast, computed tidal distributions deviate from the observations. However, both computed amplitudes and phase-lags compare very well with observed data along the central half of the China coast. 相似文献
6.
Geological Characteristics and Distribution of Submarine Physiographic Features in the Taiwan Region
《Marine Georesources & Geotechnology》2013,31(3-4):139-153
The sea floor topography around Taiwan is characterized by the asymmetry of its shallow and flat shelves to the west and markedly deep troughs and basins to the south and east. Tectonics and sedimentation are major controls in forming the submarine physiographic features around Taiwan. Three Pliocene-Quaternary shelves are distributed north and west of Taiwan: East China Sea Shelf (passive margin shelf), the Taiwan Strait Shelf (foreland shelf), and Kaoping Shelf (island shelf) from north to south parallel to the strike of Taiwan orogen. Off northeastern Taiwan major morpho/tectonic features associated with plate subduction include E-W trending Ryukyu Trench, Yaeyama accretionary wedge, forearc basins, the Ryukyu Arcs, and the backarc basin of southern Okinawa Trough. Off eastern Taiwan lies the deep Huatung Basin on the Philippine Sea plate with a relatively flat floor, although several large submarine canyons are eroding and crossing the basin floor. Off southeastern Taiwan, the forearc region of the Luzon Arc has been deformed into five alternating N-S trending ridges and troughs during initial arc-continent collision. Among them, the submarine Hengchun Ridge is the seaward continuation of the Hengchun peninsula in southern Taiwan. Off southwestern Taiwan, the broad Kaoping Slope is the major submarine topographic feature with several noticeable submarine canyons. The Penghu Canyon separates this slope from the South China Sea Slope to the west and merges southwards into the Manila Trench in the northern South China Sea. Although most of sea floors of the Taiwan Strait are shallower than 60?m in water depth, there are three noticeable bathymetric lows and two highs in the Taiwan Strait. There exists a close relationship between hydrography and topography in the Taiwan Strait. The circulation of currents in the Taiwan Strait is strongly influenced by seasonal monsoon and semidiurnal tides. The Penghu Channel-Yunchang Ridge can be considered a modern tidal depositional system. The Taiwan Strait shelf has two phases of development. The early phase of the rift margin has developed during Paleoocene-Miocene and it has evolved to the foreland basin in Pliocene-Quaternary time. The present shelf morphology results mainly from combined effects of foreland subsidence and modern sedimentation overprinting that of the Late Pleistocene glaciation about 15,000 years ago. 相似文献
7.
台湾海峡M2分潮潮波研究进展 总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5
台湾海峡内各种与潮波相关的现象,可以归因于在地形及岸线的影响下自台湾海峡南北两端进入的潮波的相互作用。近20余年来台湾海峡潮波的研究获得显著进展,然而即使作为台湾海峡主要分潮的M2分潮,其相关研究中也还存在着诸多分歧。从台湾海峡M2分潮潮波分布特征及解释研究出发,并针对以往各种研究中差别较大的M2分潮潮流的分布及变化特征,归纳总结了相关研究的主要分歧：(1)对台湾海峡M2分潮潮波的研究的争议主要集中在2点,包括对自台湾海峡南、北两端进入海峡的潮波的作用范围的研究以及台湾海峡内部潮波系统形成机制的探讨;(2)台湾海峡M2分潮潮位分布研究的主要分歧在于对台湾岛西岸潮时潮差的分布特征的解释;(3)台湾海峡M2分潮潮流研究中最大的差异在于对最大潮流同潮时线分布特征的描述,其实质仍为对潮波作用范围的描述;对应于M2分潮最大潮流同潮时线研究观点的差异,在M2分潮圆流点是否存在、圆流点存在位置及圆流点旋转方向的研究上也存在着较大的差异;对台湾海峡内部椭圆率为零的分隔线位置的讨论,主要分歧在于该椭率零线靠近台湾岛附近及澎湖列岛附近时的分布状况。此外,最强流区的位置判定及极值区潮流流速量值的大小问题上也存在差异。 相似文献
8.
本文主要论述了台湾海峡及其两岸地震和地热的各自特征以及它们之间的关系。该地区的4个北东向地震带刻划了各个块体的相互关系。台东地震带的震源机制解表明台湾纵谷具有复杂的过渡性构造。台湾西部和台湾海峡的地震活动也受到菲律宾海板块的控制。福建沿海的地震活动与巴士断层活动有关。在自东向西各地震带的活动能量急剧下降的同时,相应的地热流异常值有一个上升趋势,海峡西岸的地热异常高值多分布在NE与NW向断裂的交汇点上。 相似文献
9.
Seawater samples are collected in the spring of 2013 from the Taiwan Strait for the analysis of uranium(U)concentrations and isotopic compositions using MC-ICP-MS, and the geochemical behavior patterns of U in the Taiwan Strait are then investigated. Average concentrations of individual U isotopes are(3.23±0.14) μg/kg for 238 U,(2.34±0.09)×10~(–2) μg/kg for ~(235)U and(2.05±0.07)×10~(–4) μg/kg for 234 U. Correspondingly, the U isotopic compositions are 155±18 for δ234U and 138±2 for 238U:235U. The U concentrations and isotopic ratios in the Taiwan Strait are similar to those of open ocean seawater, suggesting the dominance of the open ocean input to the strait's U pool.However, river input, as suggested by the slightly lower salinity than that of the open ocean, also affected the U concentrations and isotopic compositions in the strait. From a compilation of U concentrations in the Taiwan Strait and adjacent areas, including the Jiulong Estuary and Zhujiang Estuary, the Xiamen Bay and the northern South China Sea, a strong and significant relationship between U concentration and salinity [U:S; U=(0.093 4±0.002 4)S+(0.092 0±0.061 5)] is revealed, suggesting conservative mixing of U in the Taiwan Strait. To better understand the U geochemistry in the Taiwan Strait, a multiple endmembers mixing model is applied to estimate the contributions of potential sources. The open ocean seawater contributed 69%–95% of U in the Taiwan Strait, with river water approximately 2%, and dust deposition only around 0.13%. Therefore, the model results supported the open ocean input source and the conservative mixing behavior of U derived from the observation of U concentrations and isotopic ratios and U:S ratios. The sediment interstitial water may be an important source of U to the Taiwan Strait with a possible contribution of 3%–29%, consistent with previous investigations based on radium isotopes.However, further investigations are warranted to examine the U concentration in the sediment interstitial water and its input to the overlying seawater in the Taiwan Strait. 相似文献
10.
台湾海峡生态系统对海洋环境年际变动的响应分析 总被引：13，自引：2，他引：13
通过比较1985~2001年的海表温度与其间收集的现场营养盐、浮游植物和浮游动物丰度及群落结构变动信号,以及1971~1998年的中上层鱼类渔获量变动信息,发现了台湾海峡生态系统对物理环境年际变动产生的响应迹象.1997 年夏季台湾海峡处于偏冷状态,南部近岸上升流强度减弱;1997年冬季正值一个较强的暖事件发展到顶峰,北上入侵暖水强度增强、浙闽沿岸冷水强度减弱.导致这两个时期营养盐分布特征改变,发生了一系列从浮游植物到浮游动物,从生物量到群落结构的异常响应,暖水性中上层鱼类渔获量则似乎呈现出El Niño年偏高的趋势.根据有限的辅助证据推测,El Niño很可能不是控制台湾海峡海洋环境年际变动的强信号,而台湾海峡的气候海洋生态长期低频变动可能更多地受到东亚季风中国边缘海系统的控制. 相似文献
11.
关于台湾海峡分界的探讨 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
台湾海峡介于台湾岛与大陆之间,是东海与南海的通道.关于台湾海峡范围的划分,海峡之东常以台湾岛两端（北为富贵角,南为鹅銮鼻）为界;海峡之西以大陆的平潭岛等为北界,东山岛或南澳岛为南界.为了更客观和准确地划分台湾海峡范围,本文根据海洋地理学中＂海峡＂的概念及对世界海峡类似实例的分析,并按照台湾海峡区域地形、地质等特征进行了分界.作者认同台湾海峡北口位于福建省平潭岛至台湾富贵角,但认为其南口应位于广东南澳岛至台湾曾文溪河口南岸.在此南、北口之间为台湾海峡范围.台湾海峡地形、地质等特征明显,与台湾及大陆紧密关联,并具有东海延伸入内的特点.而北口之北的闽东北海底,海峡特征明显消失.此南口为东海与南海的交汇处,其南属于南海的台湾浅滩及其外缘,其地形、地质特征也与海峡的显著不同.本研究结果对于更准确地划分台湾海峡范围及区域海洋研究与实践等方面都具有多方面的意义. 相似文献
12.
海底沙体是海洋资源开发利用、环境保护、灾害防治和军事行动等必须密切关注的底质类型。台湾海峡沙体面积分布广泛,主要有台湾浅滩、台中浅滩及海峡内受中小型山溪性河流影响的沙体。近年来,台湾浅滩沙体空间分布、大型沙波与小型沙波形态特征及剖面结构研究等领域取得了许多新进展;台中浅滩不同区域的沙体演化对应了地貌发育的不同阶段;而海峡西侧陆架上残留的中小河流沙体地貌也获得了一些新发现。本文归纳了台湾海峡窄陆架上不同沙体的平面分布特征、剖面结构及成因。今后工作的重点应聚焦于进一步获取不同区域高分辨率的地层、地貌证据,并进行对比研究。这些工作能深化对末次盛冰期以来台湾海峡不同地区沙体成因、关联及演化的认识,并有助于了解人类海洋活动与海底沙体演化的响应关系,丰富海底沙体发育和演化理论。 相似文献
13.
台湾海峡的温度逆跃层 总被引：4，自引：2，他引：4
本文利用1940～1986年国内外海洋观测资料约3600站次,分析了116°～121°E,21°30′～26°N区域内海水的温度逆跃层,结果表明本海域秋、冬、春季西岸海区出现温度逆跃层,同渤海相比,本区温度逆跃层的上界深度较深,厚度较大强度也较大,文中对该类温度逆跃层的成因作了初步探讨。 相似文献
14.
鲸豚类是大型的海洋哺乳动物,是海洋中的重点保护生物。在制定相应的保护政策前,应较为充分地了解其种群特征。而分析一个地区的鲸豚搁浅等信息,则能够为该地区提供其组成和物种多样性等基本信息。本研究收集了2010-2015年台湾海峡西岸发生的鲸豚类的搁浅、误捕和救护等资料和样本。结果共记录了48例事件,其中包括37例搁浅事件,8例误捕事件和3例救护事件,共涵盖了13个鲸豚物种。其中,中华白海豚和江豚占较大比例,分别为31.3%和25%。值得注意的是,其中10起事件（20.8%）发生在平潭岛,而且包含了3种须鲸和4种齿鲸。另外,我们还比较了台湾海峡东西两侧鲸豚物种的组成,发现共有31种鲸豚物种生活在台湾海峡,说明该地区的鲸豚物种丰富度较高。通过这些信息的收集和分析,我们基本摸清了台湾海峡的鲸豚物种分布。今后,我们将通过开展野外调查来系统地分析台湾海峡的鲸类物种组成,种群大小和栖息地状况等基础资料,为提供更好的保护管理打下良好基础。 相似文献
15.
The Taiwan Strait is a transition zone between the East China Sea and the South China Sea with unique hydrology and a geographical environment that creates special marine community features.To analyze the spatial structure and seasonal changes of the nekton assemblages in the Taiwan Strait,seasonal experimental trawl surveys were conducted during 2006–2007.The results showed that there were two assemblages in the area with different sets of species,and the average similarity within each group varies between 39.38% and 74.20%.By using multivariate statistical analysis and analyzing the distribution of dominant species,we found that the structures of the assemblages had obvious seasonal variation.The middle region from the Putian transect to the Xiamen transect could be considered a mixing area for the two assemblages.The analysis of the relationship between species assemblages and environmental factors indicated that temperature was the most important factor affecting the community structure in cold seasons,and 22.5°C and 17°C could be considered dividing lines for spring and winter,respectively.In warm seasons,the most important factor was water depth,but the relationship with depth was not as significant,with a correlation between 0.264 and 0.399.The seasonal changes of nekton assemblages basically reflected the dynamic currents in the Taiwan Strait.The south coastal assemblage extended to nearly the entire area of the Taiwan Strait along with a strong and intense warm current that shrinks in spring and winter when the southward intrusion of the cold Zhejiang-Fujian coastal current becomes stronger.The impact of shortterm and long-term environmental changes,such as extreme weather,global warming and human activity on nekton assemblages,had been recognized but need further research.Our study on nekton assemblages could be used as a baseline for measuring future changes. 相似文献
16.
台湾海峡表层沉积物中重矿物特征及其物质来源 总被引：15，自引：0，他引：15
台湾海峡重矿物平均分布0.95%,其分布由西岸向东岸递减;由北部经台湾浅滩朝粤东方向缓慢递减。碎屑矿物46种,以角闪石、绿帘石、磁铁矿、钛铁矿、褐铁矿和片状矿物为主,它们占重矿物含量的67%。据主要重矿物含量将海峡分成8个矿物组合区。碎屑矿物来自海峡两岸基岩,通过河流搬运入海,有部分片状矿物为海峡以北的物质随浙闽沿岸流进入海峡而沉积。其海绿石是台湾西岸、澎湖岛第三系或第四系含海绿石岩层剥蚀后搬运入海沉积而成的。台湾浅滩的残留沉积物为晚更新世低海面时期的河口滨海相沉积物。由于处在开放的海洋环境,至今没有接受现代沉积。残留沉积物中的磁铁矿、钛铁矿、锆石等重矿物相对富集,含量高于近源海域,有可能赋存浅海砂矿。 相似文献
17.
2009年4月14～16日在台湾海峡中北部海域进行了小型底栖生物调查研究.结果表明,研究海域的小型底栖生物平均丰度为21.11±16.29 ind/cm^2;平均生物量为20.97±4.96μg/cm^2（以干重记）.研究海域共鉴定出13个小型底栖生物类群,按丰度,最优势类群为自由生活海洋线虫其丰度为19.23±15.49 ind/cm^2,占小型底栖生物总丰度的91.10%,其他优势类群依次为底栖桡足类和多毛类,分别占小型底栖生物总丰度的2.77%和2.64%;分布在0～5 cm的表层沉积物内的小型底栖生物约为83.18%,线虫和底栖桡足类分布在0～2 cm的比例分别为57.66%和62.96%.小型底栖生物的生物量低于大型底栖生物,但由于其繁殖快,生命周期短,因此,其生物量约为大型底栖生物的445倍,年平均生产量约为大型底栖生物的1.39倍. 相似文献
18.
19.
台湾海峡叶绿素a含量的季节变化特征 总被引：6，自引：2，他引：6
本文根据1983－1984年和1987－1988年在台湾海峡的调查结果，讨论了台湾海峡叶绿素a含量的季节变化特征。结果表明，台湾海峡叶绿素a含量的季节变化明显，但南北海区有着明显的差异，在台湾海峡北部，叶绿素a 含量峰值出现在春，秋季，在海峡南部，叶绿素a含量则在夏季呈持续高值特征，前者由浙闽沿岸流的输入而引发，后者则因上升流而产生，因此在台湾海峡，叶绿素a含量呈春，秋季北部高，夏季南部高的趋势。 相似文献