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泥蚶(Tegillarca granosa)不同地理居群同工酶变异及遗传分化的研究 总被引：4，自引：4，他引：4
采用聚丙烯酰胺凝胶同工酶电泳技术对韩国釜山、山东荣成、浙江奉化和乐清、福建福鼎、广东汕头和湛江7个地理群体的泥蚶进行同工酶分析，结果发现在所检测的MDH、ADH、ATPase、LDH、POD、IDH、SOD、SDH、ME、SCD和EST等11种同工酶中，除ATPase外其他10种在各地理群体之间存在着或大或小的差异，特别是汕头和湛江两地理群体与其他5个地理群体之间的这种差异尤其显著，两组间的平均酶距达0．4209，而汕头和湛江群体间的差异较小，两者酶距为0．0909；釜山、荣成、奉化、乐清、福鼎5个群体间的平均酶距也只有0．0191。这说明上述7个地理群体泥蚶已明显分化为两大类群，汕头和湛江群体为一类群，其他5个群体为一类群，两大类群的分界线在东海和南海的分界处。还对不同泥蚶群体间的同工酶分子标记的建立、不同群体间的遗传变异水平及泥蚶群体间分化的可能机制等问题进行了探讨，以期为泥蚶资源的进一步开发和利用提供科学资料。 相似文献
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泥蚶(Tegillarca granosa)个体发育过程中同工酶基因表达与调控的研究 总被引：4，自引：2，他引：4
采用不连续垂直聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳法，对泥蚶(Tegillarca granosa Linnaeus)19个发育阶段的ADH、LDH、EST、IDH、ALP、MDH、GDH、POD、ATPase和ME等10种同工酶的基因表达进行检测分析。结果表明，泥蚶在个体发育过程中随着机体分化和生理活动的改变，同工酶基因的表达呈现出显著的时序变化。在10种酶中，LDH和ATPase两种酶的所有酶带及EST、MDH和ME等的部分酶带在各个发育阶段持续表达，其他酶带只出现在发育阶段的某一或某些阶段，并且表现出了与泥蚶营养方式、代谢形式等生理活动的关联性。在泥蚶的个体发育阶段过程中，IDH、MDH、GDH、ME、ALP等5种酶在32细胞期表达的酶带数剧增，因此32细胞期可能是合子基因表达启动的时间；ADH、EST、LDH、MDH、GDH、ME等6种酶在泥蚶的附着变态期酶带大幅减少或产生新酶带，可能与泥蚶附着期运动方式、代谢强度及生活环境的改变有关。 相似文献
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凡纳对虾个体发育早期的同工酶研究 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
采用聚丙烯酰胺梯度凝胶电泳技术，对凡纳对虾(Penaeus vannamei)个体发育早期6个时期的11种同工酶系统(EST、ALP、ACP、GDH、MDH、LDH、AAT、ME、LAP、ADH、AMY)进行研究。结果表明，凡纳对虾在幼体发育阶段已基本具备分解代谢蛋白质、脂类、碳水化合物的酶系。在早期发育过程中，EST同工酶系最为复杂，显示5-15条谱带，至少由6个位点编码；整个发育早期阶段GDH表达很弱，未见R-AMY及Q_AMY的表达；ALP、GDH、AMY及EST在无节幼体期表达很弱或未见表达；ACP、MDH、ME、ADH及AMY酶谱从糠虾幼体第Ⅲ期开始谱带数明显增加；除LAP、AAT酶谱简单且各期变化差异不大外，其它9种同工酶均随发育进程表现出明显差异。 相似文献
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三唑磷对泥蚶急性毒性及血清SOD, CAT酶活性的影响 总被引：9，自引：0，他引：9
三唑磷对泥蚶(Tegillarca granosa)的48h LC50为21．0mg／L，96h LC50为10．2mg／L，依此设计三唑磷对泥蚶的胁迫质量浓度(1．1，2．2，4．4，22mg／L)，分别于胁迫后第0．5，1，2，4，8天及解除胁迫后第4天采样，研究三唑磷胁迫后泥蚶血清超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)和过氧化氢酶(CAT)活性的变化情况。结果表明，随三唑磷胁迫浓度和时间的不同，泥蚶血清蛋白质质量浓度无显著性差异；在0.5，1d时各处理组的SOD无显著影响，从第2天起，SOD活性显著下降，48h的LC50为3．62mg／L；CAT的活性在第1天显著升高，而后逐渐降低。三唑磷胁迫下，SOD，CAT活性呈现一定的剂量效应与时间效应。胁迫解除后，蛋白质、SOD和CAT均得到不同程度的恢复，表明泥蚶具有一定的生理调节机能。 相似文献
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于 2 0 0 1年 4月 ,在浙江近海采集 1 0 0个缢蛏样品 ,采用聚丙烯酰胺垂直板不连续电泳方法 ,对缢蛏足、水管、消化腺、外套膜、鳃等 5种组织或器官进行了EST、ADH、MDH、IDH、ME、G6PDH、LDH、ALP、GDH、CAT、ALP、ACP、SOD、SDH、ATP、SUDH、GCDH、AMY、GAD、POD等 2 0种同工酶的电泳研究 ,并对各种酶的同工酶位点及酶谱表型进行了分析。结果表明 ,所测组织中未检出CAT、ALP、GCDH、GAD ;AMY和ACP只在消化腺中有表达 ;SUDH只在水管、鳃、消化腺中表达 ;所检测的酶均不同程度地表现出了组织差异。 相似文献
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泥蚶(Tegillarca granosa)肉质的蛋白组学研究 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：1
采用双向电泳技术,对广东阳江和浙江乐清两地的泥蚶肌肉全蛋白进行了研究,并利用质谱和软件对差异蛋白进行了分析.研究结果表明,阳江和乐清两地样品平均检测到的蛋白点数分别为674±25和746±34个,平均匹配率为78.6%.差异表达蛋白质点数为26个,其中3个点仅在阳江泥蚶中表达,5个点仅在乐清泥蚶中表达;6个点在阳江泥蚶中为高表达,12个点在阳江泥蚶中为低表达.选择其中6个具有代表性的蛋白点进行肽指纹图谱分析.结果显示,乐清泥蚶中高表达的4个蛋白确定为肌动蛋白、PRKA激酶锚定蛋白9、烯醇化酶.这些物质与泥蚶的肉质特性有一定关联.乐清地区出产的泥蚶在营养、肉质和鲜美度方面均优于阳江地区的泥蚶. 相似文献
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Arne Schnack-Friedrichsen Angela M. Davis Jim D. Bennell Dei G. Huws 《Marine Georesources & Geotechnology》2001,19(4):221-243
The interdependence between the seismo-acoustic properties of a marine sediment and its geotechnical/physical parameters has been known for many years, and it has been postulated that this should allow the extraction of geotechnical information from seismic data. Though in the literature many correlations have been published for the surficial layer, there is a lack of information for greater sediment depths. In this article, a desktop study on a synthetic seafloor model illustrates how the application of published near-surface prediction equations to subsurface sediments (up to several tens of meters burial depth) can lead to spurious predictions. To test this further, acoustic and geotechnical properties were measured on a number of sediment core samples, some of which were subjected to loading in acoustically-equipped consolidation cells (oedometers) to simulate greater burial depth conditions. For low effective pressures (representing small burial depths extending to around 10 meters subsurface), the general applicability of established relationships was confirmed: the prediction of porosity, bulk density, and mean grain size from acoustic velocity and impedance appears generally possible for the investigated sedimentary environments. As effective pressure increases through, the observed relationships deviate more and more from the established ones for the near-surface area. For the samples tested in this study, in some instances increasing pressure even resulted in decreasing velocities. There are several possible explanations for this abnormal behavior, including the presence of gas, overconsolidation, or bimodal grain size distribution. The results indicate that an appropriate depth correction must be introduced into the published prediction equations in order to obtain reliable estimates of physical sediment properties for greater subsurface depths. 相似文献
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Shigehisa Nakamura 《Marine Geodesy》2000,23(1):55-61
Specific properties of the interannual sea level variations and annual tides in the Northwestern Pacific were studied. Several tide stations were monitored. The monthly mean sea level for the year of 1995 was analyzed at each tide station. A seismic event in 1995, some tectonic activity around the subject area, and the Kuroshio (the oceanic western boundary current) may possibly contaminate results which would have occurred from the astronomical annual tide alone. 相似文献
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The effect of different fixation and storage protocols on the flow cytometric (FCM) simultaneous analysis of bacterioplankton and phytoplankton in coastal seawater samples (Mediterranean coastal lagoons) was investigated. FCM measurements (cell number, fluorescence and scatter characteristics) were obtained through DAPI staining. Three fixatives [glutaraldehyde (GA), formaldehyde (FA) and paraformaldehyde (PFA)] and two storage (3 months duration) methods (5 °C and −196 °C) were tested. Two dominant populations were detected in studied samples: bacteria and eukaryotic picophytoplankton. Adding fixatives (2% final concentration) appears necessary to obtain FCM exhaustive counts of all the bacteria and phytoplanktonic cells. This was related to the permeation effect of fixatives which allowed a better DAPI staining of the cells. Maximum fluorescence, i.e. optimal staining of the cells was obtained with FA or PFA, and significant lower fluorescences with GA. Fixed samples stored at 5 °C induced rapid cell loss. Only storage in liquid nitrogen of samples fixed with FA or PFA, allows mid-term (≥4 months) preservation of bacteria or picophytoplankton cell numbers, and limited evolution of DAPI-induced fluorescence and scatter characteristics. 相似文献
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《海洋学报(英文版)》2014,(9):F0003-F0003
<正>Acta Oceanologica Sinica(AOS)is a comprehensive academic journal edited by the Editorial Committee of Acta Oceanologica Sinica and is designed to provide a forum for important research papers of the marine scientific community which reflect the information on a worldwide basis.The journal publishes scholarly papers on marine science and technology,including physics,chemistry,biology, 相似文献
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The relationship between the flux of exotic benthic foraminiferal tests (i.e. tests which are supplied from open-sea sources alone) in a tidal inlet and that of bulk sediment was analysed, which can be expressed as two first-order linear equations. According to this relationship, in order to determine net sediment transport directions in the entrance, the test concentration in surficial sediments of the tidal basin can be compared against a ‘ critical level ’. The critical level is determined for the conditions that no net transport of bulk sediment is present within the entrance. If the observed concentration (averaged over the tidal basin) is higher than the simulated critical level, then the net sediment transport is directed to landward. This method is applied to the analysis of net sand transport at Christchurch Harbour, a tidal inlet system located in southern England. In this investigation, concentrations of exotic foraminiferal tests in the surficial sediments of the tidal basin and ebb tidal delta area were obtained from the analysis of sea-bed sediment samples. A series of probable critical levels were calculated based upon the data sets with regard to: (1) sediment discharge from the rivers; (2) magnitude of sediment discharge within the entrance during the ebb; (3) the test concentration outside the harbour; (4) the thickness of the moving layer; and (5) two parameters associated with dispersive processes. The results show that the concentration in the tidal basin sediment is higher than a number of simulated critical concentrations for representative cases. Consequently, the high level of the concentration of exotic benthic foraminiferal tests within the harbour should be explained as a result of landward net transport of sands within the entrance. 相似文献
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Coastal inundation associated with extreme sea levels is the main factor which leads to the loss of life and property whenever a severe tropical cyclonic storm hits the Indian coasts. The Andhra and Orissa coasts are most vulnerable for coastal inundation due to extreme rise in sea levels associated with tropical cyclones. Loss of life may be minimized if extreme sea levels and associated coastal flooding is predicted well in advance. Keeping this in view, location specific coastal inundation models are developed and applied for the Andhra and Orissa coasts of India. Several numerical experiments are carried out using the data of past severe cyclones that struck these regions. The simulated inland inundation distances are found to be in general agreement with the reported flooding. 相似文献
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Hoi-Soo Jung Kap-Sik Jeong Yong-Shik Chu Sung-Hyun Park Ki-Hyune Kim 《Marine Georesources & Geotechnology》2001,19(3):181-195
Grain size and water content in box-core sediments from the Clarion-Clipperton fracture zone (C-C zone) in the northeast equatorial Pacific were analyzed in detail to understand the downcore variations across a hiatus between Quaternary and Tertiary layers. Grain-size distributions in the topmost core sediments show two modes: a coarse mode (peaked at 50 μm) and a fine mode (at 2-25 μm). The coarse mode disappears gradually with depth accompanied by the dissolution of siliceous fossil tests, whereas the fine mode coarsens due to the formation of authigenic minerals. Water content increases abruptly across a color boundary between an upper pale brown layer and a lower dark brown layer that is the hiatus between Quaternary and Tertiary layers. Abundant smectites and microvoid molds, which are created by the prolonged fossil dissolution in the underlying sediment, are attributed for the abrupt downcore variation of water content. Overall variations in grain size and water content in the topmost core sediments in the western C-C zone are possibly constrained by the dissolution of biogenic siliceous fossils. Variations in geotechnical properties related to these changes must be considered in the design of nodule collectors. 相似文献
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Shigehisa Nakamura 《Marine Geodesy》2001,24(1):27-33
This article concerns an interrelation between the sea levels and the western boundary flow near a tectonic boundary in a local zone in the Northwestern Pacific. In this zone, sea level variations at stations located on the coast facing the Pacific are studied to find the interrelation between variations of the Kurosio flow as an index of the distance of the flow axis off a specific coast. The result is discussed after data processing of the monthly means of the sea levels, and a notice is taken of variations caused by active crustal upheavals during a seismic event, a local earthquake. 相似文献