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1.
以3种海岛植被修复典型植物木麻黄(Casuarina equisetifolia)、夹竹桃(Nerium indicum)和台湾相思(Acacia confusa)为实验材料,通过对培养基质及植株叶片施加不同浓度的盐溶液,研究不同植物的耐盐能力,筛选耐盐树种.主要结论如下:(1)根据植株生长状况,木麻黄植株的根、叶均可耐受质量浓度3.0%的盐胁迫;夹竹桃植株可耐质量浓度1.0%以下的根系盐胁迫和质量浓度3.0%以下的叶片盐胁迫;台湾相思植株可耐浓度质量2.0%以下的根系盐胁迫和质量浓度0.6%以下的叶片盐胁迫;(2)综合研究结果显示,3种植株耐盐能力为木麻黄夹竹桃台湾相思;(3)植物的生长状态、成活率和株高增长率指标可以很好的指示植株受盐害程度及耐盐能力,可结合赋值法对区域植被耐盐能力进行简单快速的调查;(4)在土壤含盐量较高和受海洋飞沫影响较大的滨海地带开展植被修复时,推荐木麻黄为优先树种;但在土壤含盐量较低的干旱地带,推荐夹竹桃作为先锋品种. 相似文献
2.
渤海海峡海岛站与沿岸站大风对比分析 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
统计了渤海海峡5个海岛站和3个沿岸站1年的大风资料,在每月大风日数、风速、年际和月际变化特征、主导风向等方面进行了对比分析,得出渤海海峡大风如下结论:大风的风力以6～7级为主,南部比北部更易出现大风,且风速也较大;出现大风的最高概率为57.5%,即平均不到2天就出现一次;海岛站与沿岸站大风风力极值相差最大为20.8 m/s;极大风风速43.2 m/s,创历史最高纪录;风速的月变化规律基本一致,呈现两峰两谷形势;大风年主导风向为NW-NNE,风速以偏北大风和偏南大风较大,而偏西风和偏东风较小;具有典型的季风性气候特征,冬季以偏北大风为主,夏季以偏南大风为主,春、秋季偏北大风和偏南大风交替出现;综合应用海岛站和沿岸站大风记录,能更加准确反映渤海海峡大风的气候特征。 相似文献
3.
海岛独特的自然环境制约了植物的生长，但同时也自然筛选了一批适应能力较强的海岛植物种类。文章采用线路调查和典型样地调查相结合的方法，对平潭岛群中的塘屿、东庠岛、大练岛等海岛临海荒坡山地植被进行实地调查。通过了解平潭周边典型海岛的植被种类、分布及群落结构，分析平潭典型海岛的植被特征，指出风、干旱、盐害及土壤等环境因子是影响平潭周边典型海岛植被生长的制约因素，并针对这几个制约因素，结合调查结果从植物品种筛选、植被配置、修复技术等方面提出困难立地条件的海岛植被修复对策，为相近区位的植被生态修复提供借鉴。 相似文献
4.
现代松嫩平原之上广泛发育湖泊,导致其生长的藻类群落存在明显差异,通过分析现代湖泊藻类群落结构与其影响因素的相关性,是研究藻类群落与不同类型湖泊之间关系的重点。对松嫩平原西侧地区的察尔森水库、尼尔基水库、中内泡藻类群落结构进行分析。同时结合水体金属离子含量、矿化度、pH值、温度等理化性质的测试结果发现：察尔森水库的藻类群落特征为硅藻——蓝藻、绿藻型,其中硅藻含量占比较大,尼尔基水库藻类群落结构特征为硅藻——蓝藻、绿藻型,其蓝藻和绿藻含量占比较察尔森水库上升,中内泡藻类群落特征为蓝藻、绿藻——硅藻型;平原湖泊蓝藻生长旺盛而硅藻生长受抑制,山地湖泊硅藻生长旺盛而蓝藻生长受抑制;矿化度高的湖泊蓝藻生长旺盛;水体中金属离子锶含量较高的湖泊,蓝藻生长相对旺盛,硅藻生长受到抑制;水体中金属离子铜和钡含量较高的湖泊可以促进绿藻的生长。这可能与湖泊的地理特征和水体特征不同,导致藻类植物生长环境不同有关。 相似文献
5.
黄河三角洲退化湿地微生物特性的研究 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
本研究通过DAPI染色法、FDA染色法和稀释平板法对黄河三角洲退化湿地微生物特性进行研究,在分析土壤盐度和植物根际效应对微生物特性影响的基础上,探讨了微生物群落的垂直分布特征,并对可培养耐盐微生物进行了初步分离。结果表明,土壤盐度与微生物数量、活性及多样性呈显著负相关性(P<0.01)。耐盐细菌在耐盐微生物中占绝对优势,放线菌次之,真菌最少;微生物群落具有明显的垂直分布特征,数量、活性和多样性均随土层深度的增加而下降。五种植物(碱蓬、柽柳、芦苇、白茅、茵陈蒿)根际微生物群落的数量、活性及多样性明显高于非根际微生物群落;与柽柳、芦苇、白茅、茵陈蒿相比,碱蓬的根际效应最强。这些结果可为进一步开发利用滨海湿地微生物资源,形成修复退化湿地盐碱化土壤的植物-微生物耦合系统提供必要的理论依据。 相似文献
6.
利用冀东油田作业海区2013年12月—2014年11月的观测数据,分析了东、西、南部海区的大风特征,对产生大风的天气形势作了分型,并针对风、浪的专业站点观测值和现场人工经验观测值之间的差异作了对比分析,提出了释用方法。结果表明:(1)南部海区年大风日数最多,约为150 d,西部海区最少,约为100 d;(2)大风的季节性分布整体呈两峰两谷的趋势,5、11月是大风日数最多的月份;(3)各海区大风风向均以NW、WNW和ENE、E为主导风向,呈现出非常明显的"极端化"分布;(4)低槽冷锋是产生大风日数最多的天气系统,约占所有个例的一半;(5)专业自动站观测的风力均比现场人工经验观测的风力小,可提高1～3个等级后用于实际作业,自动观测的浪高普遍比人工观测的浪高小,可通过增加修正值或使用线性关系式予以运用。 相似文献
7.
《海洋气象学报》2017,(2)
利用2013年1月—2014年12月山东近海的8个浮标站、海岛站和自动站资料与ASCAT近岸风速和风向进行对比,以分析ASCAT反演风场在山东沿海的适用性。研究发现:总体上看,ASCAT近岸风速与代表站实况风速正相关,ASCAT近岸风速在山东沿海误差较小,风向有明显的偏离。ASCAT近岸风在渤海、渤海海峡和黄海北部的适用性优于黄海中部。风力不同时,ASCAT近岸风速与实况偏差有明显差别,表现为当实况出现6级及以上的大风,ASCAT近岸风速小于实况;当实况出现6级以下的风,ASCAT近岸风速大于实况。就ASCAT风速偏差而言,6级以下的风速偏差小于6级及以上风。ASCAT近岸风向与实况偏差也有明显差别,当实况出现6级及以上的大风,ASCAT近岸风向与实况的偏离变小;当实况出现6级以下的风,ASCAT近岸风向与实况的偏离变大。因此,ASCAT近岸风速在山东沿海有较好的适用性,6级以下风更优;ASCAT近岸风向也有一定的适用性,6级及以上风向可用性比6级以下强。 相似文献
8.
渤海海峡大风的气候特征分析 总被引：11，自引：2，他引：9
统计了烟台、大连沿海共6个台站3Ia的历史资料,分析了各站大风日数、年际和月际变化特征、主导风向、风力等特点,得出渤海海峡大风的如下结论:1、海岛站能较好的代表渤海海峡大风的情况;2、大风日数存在逐年减少的变化趋势,但也存在着突变的特点:3、具有典型的季风性气候特征,冬季以偏北大风为主,春秋季开始出现偏南大风,月际变化呈现两峰-谷的形势;4、大连沿海以北大风为主,烟台沿海春秋季南大风次数明显增多;5、大风的风力以6～7级为主;8级以上的强风只占总次数的6.7%;6、以偏北风和偏南风较大,而偏东风和偏西风较小;7、极大风速一般比最大风速大1～2个等级;8、时常出现持续时间较长的连续大风. 相似文献
9.
《海洋预报》2015,(4)
对威海-大连航线"生生-1"号船舶站测风资料进行了普查、优选和预处理,首先考察了船舶站测风资料所代表的航线风的变化规律;在此基础上结合目前海上航线保障服务和现行参考站点,对比统计分析了2011年1—12月船舶站、刘公岛、成山头的风向、风速偏差,以期为海上航线的风预报提供一些参考。结果表明:(1)船舶站主导风向的变化呈现明显的季节规律,且与季节特征相符。风力以4—5级为主,夏季3级以下风频率最多,秋冬季6—7级大风明显增多;(2)除了样本量较小的1月份,其余11个月船舶站和成山头/刘公岛的风向平均偏差不大。在不同的季节,海岛站和沿岸站对航线风的代表性有所不同。在春季(尤其4月),刘公岛和船舶站风向较接近;而在冬季(尤其12月),成山头和船舶站风向更接近。在1—6月,船舶站风向较成山头有逆时针偏差,在8—12月则为顺时针偏差;而4—12月,船舶站较刘公岛有顺时针偏差;(3)船舶站和成山头/刘公岛风速相关显著,尤其在4—12月,最大风和极大风显著相关。船舶站风速往往大于成山头和刘公岛,且1月、2月偏差最大,4—9月相对较小,极大风速偏差大于最大风速偏差。总体而言,成山头与船舶站的风速差异较刘公岛小一些。 相似文献
10.
基于2013-2014年钦州湾海域4个季度月的现场调查数据,研究了网采浮游植物的群落结构。共鉴定出浮游植物6门54属134种(包括变型和变种),其中硅藻种数共107种,占79.9%;甲藻23种,占17.2%。调查期间的优势种,除球形棕囊藻外其余均为硅藻,并多为广温性种。不同季节的浮游植物细胞丰度差异明显,表现为2014-08最高,2013-11最低。相关性分析表明浮游植物丰度与环境因子的相关性存在季节变化,春季受硝酸盐影响显著,夏季与温度、盐度均呈负相关,秋季受盐度和DIN影响显著,冬季则与环境因子相关性不显著。浮游植物群落多样性指数及均匀度指数较高,物种较丰富,群落结构稳定性较高。 相似文献
11.
Arne Schnack-Friedrichsen Angela M. Davis Jim D. Bennell Dei G. Huws 《Marine Georesources & Geotechnology》2001,19(4):221-243
The interdependence between the seismo-acoustic properties of a marine sediment and its geotechnical/physical parameters has been known for many years, and it has been postulated that this should allow the extraction of geotechnical information from seismic data. Though in the literature many correlations have been published for the surficial layer, there is a lack of information for greater sediment depths. In this article, a desktop study on a synthetic seafloor model illustrates how the application of published near-surface prediction equations to subsurface sediments (up to several tens of meters burial depth) can lead to spurious predictions. To test this further, acoustic and geotechnical properties were measured on a number of sediment core samples, some of which were subjected to loading in acoustically-equipped consolidation cells (oedometers) to simulate greater burial depth conditions. For low effective pressures (representing small burial depths extending to around 10 meters subsurface), the general applicability of established relationships was confirmed: the prediction of porosity, bulk density, and mean grain size from acoustic velocity and impedance appears generally possible for the investigated sedimentary environments. As effective pressure increases through, the observed relationships deviate more and more from the established ones for the near-surface area. For the samples tested in this study, in some instances increasing pressure even resulted in decreasing velocities. There are several possible explanations for this abnormal behavior, including the presence of gas, overconsolidation, or bimodal grain size distribution. The results indicate that an appropriate depth correction must be introduced into the published prediction equations in order to obtain reliable estimates of physical sediment properties for greater subsurface depths. 相似文献
12.
Shigehisa Nakamura 《Marine Geodesy》2000,23(1):55-61
Specific properties of the interannual sea level variations and annual tides in the Northwestern Pacific were studied. Several tide stations were monitored. The monthly mean sea level for the year of 1995 was analyzed at each tide station. A seismic event in 1995, some tectonic activity around the subject area, and the Kuroshio (the oceanic western boundary current) may possibly contaminate results which would have occurred from the astronomical annual tide alone. 相似文献
13.
The effect of different fixation and storage protocols on the flow cytometric (FCM) simultaneous analysis of bacterioplankton and phytoplankton in coastal seawater samples (Mediterranean coastal lagoons) was investigated. FCM measurements (cell number, fluorescence and scatter characteristics) were obtained through DAPI staining. Three fixatives [glutaraldehyde (GA), formaldehyde (FA) and paraformaldehyde (PFA)] and two storage (3 months duration) methods (5 °C and −196 °C) were tested. Two dominant populations were detected in studied samples: bacteria and eukaryotic picophytoplankton. Adding fixatives (2% final concentration) appears necessary to obtain FCM exhaustive counts of all the bacteria and phytoplanktonic cells. This was related to the permeation effect of fixatives which allowed a better DAPI staining of the cells. Maximum fluorescence, i.e. optimal staining of the cells was obtained with FA or PFA, and significant lower fluorescences with GA. Fixed samples stored at 5 °C induced rapid cell loss. Only storage in liquid nitrogen of samples fixed with FA or PFA, allows mid-term (≥4 months) preservation of bacteria or picophytoplankton cell numbers, and limited evolution of DAPI-induced fluorescence and scatter characteristics. 相似文献
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15.
《海洋学报(英文版)》2014,(9):F0003-F0003
<正>Acta Oceanologica Sinica(AOS)is a comprehensive academic journal edited by the Editorial Committee of Acta Oceanologica Sinica and is designed to provide a forum for important research papers of the marine scientific community which reflect the information on a worldwide basis.The journal publishes scholarly papers on marine science and technology,including physics,chemistry,biology, 相似文献
16.
The relationship between the flux of exotic benthic foraminiferal tests (i.e. tests which are supplied from open-sea sources alone) in a tidal inlet and that of bulk sediment was analysed, which can be expressed as two first-order linear equations. According to this relationship, in order to determine net sediment transport directions in the entrance, the test concentration in surficial sediments of the tidal basin can be compared against a ‘ critical level ’. The critical level is determined for the conditions that no net transport of bulk sediment is present within the entrance. If the observed concentration (averaged over the tidal basin) is higher than the simulated critical level, then the net sediment transport is directed to landward. This method is applied to the analysis of net sand transport at Christchurch Harbour, a tidal inlet system located in southern England. In this investigation, concentrations of exotic foraminiferal tests in the surficial sediments of the tidal basin and ebb tidal delta area were obtained from the analysis of sea-bed sediment samples. A series of probable critical levels were calculated based upon the data sets with regard to: (1) sediment discharge from the rivers; (2) magnitude of sediment discharge within the entrance during the ebb; (3) the test concentration outside the harbour; (4) the thickness of the moving layer; and (5) two parameters associated with dispersive processes. The results show that the concentration in the tidal basin sediment is higher than a number of simulated critical concentrations for representative cases. Consequently, the high level of the concentration of exotic benthic foraminiferal tests within the harbour should be explained as a result of landward net transport of sands within the entrance. 相似文献
17.
Coastal inundation associated with extreme sea levels is the main factor which leads to the loss of life and property whenever a severe tropical cyclonic storm hits the Indian coasts. The Andhra and Orissa coasts are most vulnerable for coastal inundation due to extreme rise in sea levels associated with tropical cyclones. Loss of life may be minimized if extreme sea levels and associated coastal flooding is predicted well in advance. Keeping this in view, location specific coastal inundation models are developed and applied for the Andhra and Orissa coasts of India. Several numerical experiments are carried out using the data of past severe cyclones that struck these regions. The simulated inland inundation distances are found to be in general agreement with the reported flooding. 相似文献
18.
19.
Hoi-Soo Jung Kap-Sik Jeong Yong-Shik Chu Sung-Hyun Park Ki-Hyune Kim 《Marine Georesources & Geotechnology》2001,19(3):181-195
Grain size and water content in box-core sediments from the Clarion-Clipperton fracture zone (C-C zone) in the northeast equatorial Pacific were analyzed in detail to understand the downcore variations across a hiatus between Quaternary and Tertiary layers. Grain-size distributions in the topmost core sediments show two modes: a coarse mode (peaked at 50 μm) and a fine mode (at 2-25 μm). The coarse mode disappears gradually with depth accompanied by the dissolution of siliceous fossil tests, whereas the fine mode coarsens due to the formation of authigenic minerals. Water content increases abruptly across a color boundary between an upper pale brown layer and a lower dark brown layer that is the hiatus between Quaternary and Tertiary layers. Abundant smectites and microvoid molds, which are created by the prolonged fossil dissolution in the underlying sediment, are attributed for the abrupt downcore variation of water content. Overall variations in grain size and water content in the topmost core sediments in the western C-C zone are possibly constrained by the dissolution of biogenic siliceous fossils. Variations in geotechnical properties related to these changes must be considered in the design of nodule collectors. 相似文献
20.
Shigehisa Nakamura 《Marine Geodesy》2001,24(1):27-33
This article concerns an interrelation between the sea levels and the western boundary flow near a tectonic boundary in a local zone in the Northwestern Pacific. In this zone, sea level variations at stations located on the coast facing the Pacific are studied to find the interrelation between variations of the Kurosio flow as an index of the distance of the flow axis off a specific coast. The result is discussed after data processing of the monthly means of the sea levels, and a notice is taken of variations caused by active crustal upheavals during a seismic event, a local earthquake. 相似文献