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海底管道在油气工业中发挥着重要作用,为保障其安全运营必须定期进行检测掌握其在海底的状态。有的海底管道在铺设时为其安全考虑,在海底管道上方覆盖了抛石等硬质保护层,这样就导致在海底管道定期检测时一些检测仪器难以探测到硬质保护层下海底管道的位置和埋深,而浅地层剖面仪和磁力仪仍然可以不同程度地实现这种情况下的海底管道检测。文中对浅地层剖面仪和磁力仪的原理进行了介绍并对其在上覆抛石等硬质保护层海底管道检测中的应用进行了分析探讨。分析结果表明浅地层剖面仪和磁力仪组成的综合检测系统对上覆硬质保护层的海底管道探测有一定效果,可查明海硬质保护层下海底管道的位置和埋深,为海底管道的安全管理和维护提供数据支持,也可为其他类似海底管道检测提供参考。 相似文献
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海底管道是海洋油气输运的重要命脉,需要定期进行检测探测以分析评估其安全稳定性。基于埋设海底管道及其磁异常特征,通过研究埋设海底管道磁异常的检测技术及其组成、应用方法,优化海底管道磁异常检测设备布设与检测测线方案,实现埋深大于5 m的深埋海底管道磁异常特征的完全检测。通过海底管道磁异常数据反演可获取实测海底管道路由相比设计竣工路由的坐标偏距、管道埋深等数据,在某区域14.5 km长的海底管道探测实际工程中应用良好,探测数据符合管道路由勘察评价标准规范,为管道埋藏状态分析提供了依据,形成了一种高效、精确的海底管道探测评价方法。 相似文献
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利用声学浅地层剖面仪对海底管道在海底的赋存状态检测是确保海底输油气管道安全运行的重要措施之一。介绍了新型参量阵浅地层剖面仪SES-2000的基本原理及其特点,通过对福建湄洲湾LNG海底管道检测实际应用,有效识别出了埋藏、裸露和悬空等3类海底管道赋存状态,尤其对沙包回填治理后的管道埋深能有效探测识别。检测结果表明,该设备具有高分辨率和强穿透的特点,稳定性好,能获取高品质的管道检测数据,应用效果良好。获取的基础数据为海底管道日常维护提供了科学依据和技术支持。 相似文献
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海底滑坡作为常见的海洋地质灾害,对海洋油气工程安全产生巨大威胁。海床土体失稳引起滑坡体滑动,会对海底管道产生拖曳作用。基于计算流体动力学方法(CFD)建立海底滑坡体对管道作用的评估模型,采用H-B模型描述块状滑坡体并与试验比较验证,分析不同海床倾斜度滑坡对管道的作用并拟合表达式;研究了海底管道在滑坡作用下的力学响应,并采用极限状态方法开展海底滑坡作用下管道结构极限安全分析,探讨了管道埋地状态时的极限安全界限,建立滑坡作用下管道结构安全分析方法。研究表明:滑坡对管道作用力与海床倾角呈现正相关,而覆土层厚度对作用力影响较小;随着不排水抗剪强度的减小,允许的滑坡宽度和速度均增加,表明土体不排水抗剪强度与引起的拖曳力呈正相关;滑坡土体宽度对极限安全速度影响较大。 相似文献
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地震条件下海底双层油气管线的工作理论、强度标准和损伤评价 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
我国渤海湾是地震多发地区 ,该地区的海底输油管线随时都面临地震的威胁。地震成为渤海输油管线必要的设计条件 ,地震载荷是在役管线安全风险评估必须包括的环境载荷。本文综述了国内外在管线抗震设计及相关研究、双层油气管线的工作理论、强度标准与损伤评判等方面的研究工作 ,对我国制定地震条件下海底管线的评估计算方法、管线的抗震设计准则以及地震灾害的防治与风险分析具有一定的参考价值 相似文献
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为加强对海上油气平台和海底电缆管道的信息化管理,为海洋管理部门的使用审批和相关企业的安全生产提供信息服务和决策支持,文章基于国家海域动态监视监测管理系统,设计开发海上油气平台和海底电缆管道信息化系统。该系统采用多层架构体系,具有较强的扩展性;分为数据整理、行政审批、统计分析、综合展示和系统管理5个功能模块,采用面向服务的软件架构、模型驱动的系统设计和开发以及MVC技术框架等关键技术,实现数据标准化和共享化、审批全过程管理以及二/三维可视化等功能。目前系统运行状况良好,已获取大量海上油气平台和海底电缆管道信息,在三维展示方面仍需完善。 相似文献
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Submarine pipelines that transport crude oil and natural gas are often in a complex marine geological environment and may become unstable and fail upon impact by submarine landslides. Previous research has mostly focused on the impact forces exerted by submarine landslides on suspended pipelines, but the impact of submarine landslides on pipelines laid on the seafloor at various impact angles, θ, have been relatively infrequently discussed, and the effects of suspended height, H, on the impact forces exerted by submarine landslides on pipelines have not been thoroughly investigated. In this study, based on the Herschel–Bulkley model, the impact forces exerted by a submarine landslide on laid-on or suspended pipelines at various impact angles θ were simulated using the computational fluid dynamics (CFD) approach. Equations for calculating the axial and normal drag coefficients of a submarine pipeline were proposed. The CFD numerical simulation results were rearranged based on the soil mechanics approach. By comparing the parameters, an essentially corresponding relationship was found between the soil mechanics and CFD approaches when the equations were used to calculate the impact forces exerted by a submarine landslide on a pipeline. In addition, a semi-analytical expression for the failure envelope was provided. Furthermore, the effects of H on the forces on a pipeline were discussed, and an equation for calculating the acting forces on a pipeline along the flow direction of a submarine landslide that comprehensively accounts for the effects of θ and H was proposed. The lift force was discussed preliminarily and the results provide a basis for further investigation. The achievement of this study is applicable for selecting locations of submarine pipeline routes and for designing submarine pipelines. 相似文献
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未埋设的海底管道在高温高压运行条件下可能发生侧向屈曲，情况严重时影响海底管道的结构安全。侧向屈曲临界力作为判定海底管道发生侧向屈曲的重要依据，主要影响因素有初始缺陷、管土相互作用等。现有关于侧向屈曲临界力的公式并未考虑管土相互作用、缺陷不平直度和管道自身材料特性对侧向屈曲临界力的综合影响。建立含有通用几何初始缺陷海底管道的数值模型，使用Riks算法进行参数分析以研究极限侧向土壤阻力、管道缺陷不平直度和截面几何尺寸对海底管道侧向屈曲的具体影响。基于量纲分析法和多元线性回归，推导出海底管道侧向屈曲临界力关于上述3个影响参数的一般公式，并对该公式进行了检验，结果表明文中推导的公式在参数涵盖的研究范围内有效。 相似文献
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Jingbo Su Jianfeng Li Ruihu Zhu Wanggen Qin Qiu Zhai 《Marine Georesources & Geotechnology》2016,34(7):689-702
To assess the impact of pile driving on adjacent submarine pipelines during the reconstruction of a pier berth, the local damage model of submarine pipelines is established to explore the safety thresholds of the particle peak velocity and horizontal displacement. The results are analyzed and adjusted by the existing standards and the corresponding literatures. Then, a three-dimensional numerical model is presented to assess the feasibility of the construction of piles by the obtained safety limits, in which the nonlinear behavior of the soil and stress–seepage coupling analysis are considered. After the construction, the safety of submarine pipelines is rechecked by the measured value of the particle peak velocity and horizontal displacement. Meanwhile, the propagation law of vibration, the horizontal displacement of underground soil, and the pore pressure during pile driving are explored. The results indicate that the construction of piles of 2# mooring pier did not cause damage to adjacent submarine pipelines. However, the construction of piles of 1# mooring pier which is nearer may cause damage to submarine pipelines. 相似文献
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Study on Interaction Relationship for Submarine Pipeline with Axial Corrosion Defects 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
Corrosion is one of the main reasons to cause the operation accident of submarine oil and gas transmission pipelines. As the major corrosion pattern in submarine pipelines, the effects of corrosion clusters consisting of the adjacent corrosion defects on failure pressure are investigated through non-linear large-deformation finite element method. Typically, the failure behavior and limit strength of submarine pipeline with axial groove-groove corrosion defect pair exposed to internal pressure are analyzed. The effects of corrosion depth and axial spacing between a pair of corrosion defects on failure pressure are concluded. An interaction relationship for corrosion defects in pipelines, as well as prediction formulations for assessing the remaining strength of corroded pipelines are proposed. The expressions based on the proposed interaction relationship give more accurate results than the methods used in the existing design guidelines. 相似文献