共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 46 毫秒
1.
Considering the discontinuous characteristics of sea ice on various scales,a modified discrete element model（DEM） for sea ice dynamics is developed based on the granular material rheology.In this modified DEM,a soft sea ice particle element is introduced as a self-adjustive particle size function.Each ice particle can be treated as an assembly of ice floes,with its concentration and thickness changing to variable sizes under the conservation of mass.In this model,the contact forces among ice particles are calculated using a viscous-elastic-plastic model,while the maximum shear forces are described with the Mohr-Coulomb friction law.With this modified DEM,the ice flow dynamics is simulated under the drags of wind and current in a channel of various widths.The thicknesses,concentrations and velocities of ice particles are obtained,and then reasonable dynamic process is analyzed.The sea ice dynamic process is also simulated in a vortex wind field.Taking the influence of thermodynamics into account,this modified DEM will be improved in the future work. 相似文献
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海冰在结构前的破坏模式以及产生的冰载荷与结构尺度和海冰厚度密切相关。采用海冰离散元方法（DEM）模拟平整冰与直立结构相互作用过程中的海冰破坏模式及整体冰载荷。该离散元方法的计算参数通过与Norstr?msgrund灯塔的现场实测数据对比进行了可靠性验证。在此基础上,对不同宽厚比（结构宽度与海冰厚度的比值）工况下平整冰与直立结构作用过程中的海冰破坏模式和整体冰压力进行了离散元分析。模拟结果表明：当宽厚比＜10时,海冰破坏模式主要为挤压破坏;当10≤宽厚比＜30时,海冰混合破坏发生;当宽厚比≥30时,海冰屈曲破坏发生。从海冰断裂长度与平均冰压力两个方面进一步说明了海冰破坏模式的转变过程。最后,构建了直立结构极值冰压力计算公式。研究成果可为寒区直立结构的整体设计提供参考。 相似文献
3.
Xiaofeng Yang Aiguo Nie Derek Elsworth Jiaheng Zhou 《Marine Georesources & Geotechnology》2020,38(5):511-517
AbstractRock drilling is a significant activity widely used in the exploration of marine mineral resources and offshore civil engineering such as marine mining, petroleum and deep-water drilling. The characteristics of size and shape of particles produced during rock drilling influence drilling efficiency and energy consumption. We report a series of drilling experiments on sandstone, limestone and shale to systematically examine particle size distribution and shape and correlate these with original rock structure and composition. Correlations are established via metrics of particle size distribution, average circularity and specific surface area. Impact breakage and contact abrasion of individual particles during rock drilling are the main mechanisms controlling particle size and shape. Impact breakage is controlled by the structural distribution of mineral phases, while contact abrasion is principally related to the hardness of mineral phases. The particle size distribution is affected by the structural distribution of mineral phases. The average circularity of the drilling particles is mainly controlled by the hardness of mineral phases. The specific surface area of rock drilling particles is determined by both structural distribution and hardness of mineral phases – with homogeneous structure and low average hardness of the phases reducing the resulting specific surface area of the drilling products. 相似文献
4.
Jun-Jie Wang Zhen-Feng Qiu Wen-Jie Deng Hui-Ping Zhang 《Marine Georesources & Geotechnology》2016,34(4):395-402
The present study focuses on the shear strength, deformation, and particle crushing of sand which is mixed by crushed sandstone and mudstone particles. Two triaxial tests—one for unsaturated specimens and the other for saturated specimens—were performed, along with sieve analysis tests. Results obtained from the triaxial tests indicate that, with the increment of the mudstone particle content by weight, the angle of internal friction decreases, the cohesion increases and then decreases, and both the initial angle of shearing resistance at the atmospheric pressure and decremental angle increase and then decrease. Compared to the unsaturated specimens, the deviator stress or normalized deviator stress of the saturated specimens at the same axial stress may decrease due to the wetting action. Thus, the shear strength of the tested materials may be reduced by the wetting action. Results of sieve analysis tests indicate that the mixing of some mudstone particles into the sandstone particle mixture may reduce the amount of particle crushing, but the wetting action may increase the amount. The amount of the crushed particle may arrive at a minimum of 40% of mudstone particle content by weight. 相似文献
5.
锥角对锥体结构抗冰性能影响的离散元分析 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
在寒区海洋工程中,锥体海洋结构的尺寸参数对其破冰性能具有重要影响。采用具有黏结-破碎功能的离散元方法模拟海冰与锥体结构的相互作用过程中海冰的破坏模式及冰载荷分析。该离散元方法的计算参数通过与渤海油气平台的实测数据对比进行了可靠性验证。在此基础上,当设计海域的潮差固定时,对不同锥角下风电单桩锥体结构的冰载荷和海冰破坏模式进行了离散元分析。计算结果表明:锥体冰载荷随锥角的增大而增大,海冰的平均断裂长度则随锥角的增大而减小;当锥角小于70°时海冰的破碎模式主要为弯曲破坏,而当锥角大于70°时海冰破坏模式则主要为挤压破碎。以上研究结果可为冰区海上风电单桩结构的抗冰锥设计提供参考。 相似文献
6.
基于广义接触模型的离散元方法及其对船体冰载荷的分析 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
冰载荷是影响船舶结构安全的主要环境载荷,因而确定破冰船的冰载荷特征可用于船体结构设计及船舶安全预警分析。海冰作为典型的脆性材料,可采用单元间具有黏结失效效应的离散元方法模拟其破碎行为。为有效地模拟海冰破碎的渐进过程,采用由局部黏结点组成黏结单元的广义接触模型。为分析该模型中直接决定黏结单元失效的强度参数的影响,采用海冰单轴压缩和三点弯曲试验数值模拟进行分析。通过模型试验确定了失效模型中法向黏结强度、切向黏结强度和Mohr-Coulomb准则中的接触摩擦系数的影响。将该数值模型应用于极地科学考察船"雪龙号"的平整冰区冰载荷分析中,并与船舶整体冰阻力经验公式进行了对比验证。 相似文献
7.
GPU-Based DEM Simulations of Global Ice Resistance on Ship Hull During Navigation in Level Ice 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
The ice resistance on a ship hull affects the safety of the hull structure and the ship maneuvering performance in icecovered regions.In this paper,the discrete element method(DEM)is adopted to simulate the interaction between level ice and ship hull.The level ice is modeled with 3D bonded spherical elements considering the buoyancy and drag force of the water.The parallel bonding approach and the de-bonding criterion are adopted to model the freezing and breakage of level ice.The ship hull is constructed with rigid triangle elements.To improve computational efficiency,the GPU-based parallel computational algorithm was developed for the DEM simulations.During the interaction between the ship hull and level ice,the ice cover is broken into small blocks when the interparticle stress approaches the bonding strength.The global ice resistance on the hull is calculated through the contacts between ice elements and hull elements during the navigation process.The influences of the ice thickness and navigation speed on the dynamic ice force are analyzed considering the breakage mechanism of ice cover.The Lindqvist and Riska formulas for the determination of ice resistance on ship hull are employed to validate the DEM simulation.The comparison of results of DEM,Lindqvist,and Riska formula show that the DEM result is between those the Lindqvist formula and Riska formula.Therefore the proposed DEM is an effective approach to determine the ice resistance on the ship hull.This work can be aided in the hull structure design and the navigation operation in ice-covered fields. 相似文献
8.
Two marine calcareous deposits as crushable soils and a siliceous sand as a noncrushable soil were used in this study to compare their monotonic response. Undrained monotonic triaxial tests were conducted on samples, which were prepared in different relative densities and consolidated under various confining pressures. The location of phase transformation point in undrained response of the sands in different initial conditions was evaluated. The effect of important parameters including relative density, confining pressure, particle shape, and particle breakage on phase transformation point was assessed. The input energy applied per unit volume of the soils was used to interpret the shearing response of crushable and noncrushable soils. The results showed that calcareous sands have more tendencies in contraction. Particle shape and breakage play a key role in engineering behavior of crushable soils. 相似文献
9.
海底矿石在软管中的水力输送是深海采矿的重要过程。采用计算流体动力学—离散元耦合的计算方法（CFD-DEM）,对矿石颗粒在软管中的输送进行数值模拟,重点关注矿石颗粒的运动、分布规律以及管壁受到的颗粒作用力,分析输送速度和输送浓度（入射颗粒的体积分数）对输送过程的影响规律,探索管道中易发生堵塞、易受颗粒磨损的区域。结果表明,软管中颗粒的动力学特性与管道倾角、输送速度和输送浓度有关。颗粒主要沿管道截面底部推移,倾角较大的上升段出现处于悬移状态的颗粒;管道横截面内颗粒运动速度从上至下递减,截面中心处颗粒的速度接近输送速度。输送过程中颗粒的局部浓度（该区域颗粒与固液两相流的体积比）始终大于输送浓度,局部平均速度始终小于输送速度。上升段颗粒体积分数大于下降段,颗粒速度小于下降段。管道拱顶和谷底位置管壁所受颗粒作用力最明显,管壁最可能受颗粒磨损。 相似文献
10.
在寒冷地区,海冰在核电站取水结构物前的堆积会对取水口造成阻塞和损坏,进而影响核电设备的正常运作。以红沿河核电站的取水设施为例,综合考虑该工程海域冰区特点及风和流的作用等因素。建立了海冰的离散元模型,用于模拟海冰在结构物前的堆积和破坏过程。该离散元模型由规则排列的球体颗粒构成,颗粒间采用平行黏结模型进行黏结。考虑了海冰的平均尺寸、密集度及流速三个因素对海冰堆积过程的影响,对海冰堆积高度进行预判。其中,堆积高度随海冰的密集度和流速的增大而增大,而海冰的平均尺寸对堆积高度没有明显影响。分析结果表明,离散元数值模拟可用于评估和预测取水工程中海冰堆积造成堵塞的风险。 相似文献
11.
南沙群岛珊瑚砂物理力学性质研究 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
珊瑚砂是发育于热带海洋环境中特殊的岩土介质类型，主要由珊瑚碎屑和其它海洋生物碎屑组成，碳酸钙含量高达96％。特殊的发育环境、物质组成和结构导致了珊瑚砂具有独特的物理力学性质。本文对采白南沙群岛珊瑚岛礁的珊瑚砂样品进行了。系列室内土力学试验，根据试验结果讨论了珊瑚砂的比重、孔隙比、压缩性、破碎性、剪切特性等，指出了珊瑚砂具有不同于石英砂的比重和孔隙比等物理特性，力学性质的特殊性表现在三个方面：内摩擦角大，高压缩性和易破碎。作者认为颗粒破碎是影响珊瑚砂变形和强度特性的主要因素。全面深入地研究珊瑚砂的基本物理力学性质，可为珊瑚岛礁工程建设提供科学合理的设计参数，避免工程事故的发生。 相似文献
12.
南沙群岛珊瑚砂工程性质研究 总被引：12，自引：0，他引：12
珊瑚砂是发育于热带海洋环境中的一种特殊的岩土介质类型 ,主要由珊瑚碎屑和其他海洋生物碎屑组成 ,碳酸钙含量高达 96 %。特殊的物质组成、结构和发育环境导致珊瑚砂具有独特的工程性质。文章综述了珊瑚砂的压缩性、破碎性、剪切特性和强度特性 ,指出了其显著的土力学特点 :高孔隙比、高摩擦角和低强度值。颗粒破碎是影响珊瑚砂变形和强度特性的主要因素 ,深入研究珊瑚砂的工程性质对珊瑚岛礁工程设计和施工、加强国防建设、开发热带海洋渔业资源和海底石油资源具有重要的意义。 相似文献
13.
Mahmoud Fatemiaghda Habib Shahnazari Mehdi Talkhablu 《Marine Georesources & Geotechnology》2017,35(7):986-998
Aggregate crushing is a phenomenon occurring in carbonate soils under shear and compressive loads resulting in settlement of the offshore structures such as piers, bridges, waterfronts, wharfs, and oil and gas extraction platform foundations. Therefore, it is of significant importance to address the above-mentioned issue through a comprehensive study. In the present research, the texture of carbonate soil in south Iran coasts and its effect at high hydrostatic pressure (2?MPa) on aggregate crushing was studied. The physical properties of coastal soils, such as the effective grain size, shape index, and angularity were then characterized to investigate their effect on grain crushing grade. The results showed that the effective grain size, shape index, angularity, and calcium carbonate content are the main parameters affecting the crushing of grains and consequently settlement of marine soils. Based on the above parameters, a relationship is proposed to estimate grain crushing in carbonate soils. 相似文献
14.
海洋微塑料是全球共同面对的环境问题和挑战,然而目前海洋微塑料从源到汇的输运和沉积过程及影响机制尚不明确。已有研究发现微塑料颗粒的垂向沉降过程受到海洋雪等水体悬浮物质的影响,但是目前相关研究只局限于定性的观察分析。在实验室中模拟含有海洋雪的近岸水体环境,使细颗粒微塑料(PS微球、PVC颗粒)与海洋雪产生碰撞、聚集,观测微塑料或微塑料-海洋雪聚集体的沉降过程。研究结果表明,水体中含有海洋雪时,一方面海洋雪会促进微塑料颗粒自身的聚集,形成更大的聚集体;另一方面由于海洋雪包裹微塑料形成松散的聚集体,导致平均沉速减小。50 μm以下的微塑料其沉降过程受海洋雪的影响较大,平均沉速减小35%以上;微塑料密度越大,受海洋雪的影响越小,平均沉速减小10%以下。沉降速率的减缓,意味着微塑料在水柱中的停留时间增加,处于不同深度的水生生物可能有更多时间和概率与微塑料接触,增加了鱼类等水生生物摄入微塑料的风险。 相似文献
15.
采用计算流体力学—离散元耦合方法（CFD-DEM）模拟海底管道床面的冲刷过程。经过模型验证,该方法的计算结果与前人的研究具有较好的一致性,证明其可以应用于海底管道周围的冲刷模拟计算。冲刷初期的结果增强了目前对启动阶段粒子运动机理的理解,即管前后压力梯度造成的渗流作用导致粒子运动。对完整冲刷过程的模拟中,发现冲刷分为冲刷启动阶段、间隙冲刷阶段和尾迹冲刷阶段。间隙冲刷阶段管道下方粒子具有较大速度,冲刷坑快速向下方发展。进入尾迹冲刷阶段后,管道后方出现周期性脱落的涡旋,沙丘上的粒子速度更大。同时利用DEM更具直观性的独特优势,首次得到了14个典型位置处颗粒的运动轨迹和运动速度,对于理解冲刷过程中粒子的运动情况具有较大帮助。 相似文献
16.
木瓜蛋白酶降解甲壳胺的研究 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
采用一种木瓜蛋白酶过甲壳胺进行降解。研究了酶用量、pH值、温度、时间四个因素对反应的影响。其中,温度的影响作用显著,时间具有较小的影响作用(pH:3.0～6.0;温度:30°～60℃;时间:2～8h)。实验结果表明降解反应不遵循简单的动力模式。在pH4.0、40°C、8h、1.5mg/mL木瓜蛋白酶的条件下,分子量为(5～10)×105时用甲壳胺可容易地被木瓜蛋白酶降解为高度解聚的甲壳胺。 相似文献
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18.
针对深海玄武岩岩芯样品在高围压下难以破碎获得的问题,理论分析了金刚石与岩石的相互作用。采用单轴与三轴压缩实验,获得了模拟深海玄武岩的力学参数;基于颗粒流理论,建立了深海玄武岩线性平行黏结颗粒流数值模型,数值模拟高围压下金刚石颗粒破碎玄武岩的过程,获得了金刚石与玄武岩相互作用的动态力学响应规律,初步阐明金刚石破碎玄武岩机理。研究表明,玄武岩颗粒间黏接破坏主要为拉伸失效,玄武岩与金刚石接触力体现为周期应力,玄武岩产生间歇式裂隙扩散。理论分析与仿真结果基本吻合,表明建模与仿真的正确性,为深海便携式取芯钻机设计提供了理论基础与技术依据。 相似文献
19.
从考虑地形改正的基础出发,运用神经网络进行GPS水准高程拟合。从节约计算时间的角度提出了新的思路,认为不必深究于过密的DEM模型数据,DEM模型数据只是中间过程,能达到精度要求即可,如果过于强调其精度,相反还会带入DEM高程模型算法本身的系统误差。并提出了DEM模型的密度是否符合拟合要求的初步判定方法。还对神经网络的基本理论作了简单的概括和说明。 相似文献
20.
Mass loss caused by glacier calving is one of the direct contributors to global sea level rise. Reliable calving laws are required for accurate modelling of ice sheet mass balance. Both continuous and discontinuous methods have been used for glacial calving simulations. In this study, the discrete element method(DEM) based on dilated polyhedral elements is introduced to simulate the calving process of a tidewater glacier. Dilated polyhedrons can be obtained from the Minkowski sum of a sphere and a core polyhedron. These elements can be utilized to generate a continuum ice material, where the interaction force between adjacent elements is modeled by constructing bonds at the joints of the common faces. A hybrid fracture model considering fracture energy is introduced. The viscous creep behavior of glaciers on long-term scales is not considered. By applying buoyancy and gravity to the modelled glacier, DEM results show that the calving process is caused by cracks which are initialized at the top of the glacier and spread to the bottom. The results demonstrate the feasibility of using the dilated polyhedral DEM method in glacier simulations, additionally allowing the fragment size of the breaking fragments to be counted. The relationship between crack propagation and internal stress in the glacier is analyzed during calving process. Through the analysis of the Mises stress and the normal stress between the elements, it is found that geometric changes caused by the glacier calving lead to the redistribution of the stress. The tensile stress between the elements is the main influencing factor of glacier ice failure. In addition, the element shape,glacier base friction and buoyancy are studied, the results show that the glacier model based on the dilated polyhedral DEM is sensitive to the above conditions. 相似文献