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深圳地区晚第四纪孢粉组合及古环境演变 总被引：16，自引：1，他引：16
根据孢粉分析,探讨了深圳地区自晚更新世以来的植被演替和气候变化,初步划分了晚第四纪以来１０个气候期和古环境演变阶段,为深入研究该区古气候变化、古环境演变及海岸线变迁等问题提供了有价值的资料 相似文献
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论新疆巴里坤湖沉积地球化学指标的累积规律 总被引：14，自引：1，他引：14
于１９８９年８月，在新疆巴里坤湖区进行多次野外调查和钻孔取样，将１１６块岩芯样用等离子发射光谱对各种微量元素和氧化物进行全面分析，以研究古气候与古环境的演变关系。研究得知，本区多数微量元素以碎屑形式机械迁移为主，因此，在地表径流较丰富的凉湿或冷湿环境，湖底沉积的元素相对富集；反之，在地表径流减少的暖干环境，元素富集减少。这种元素的迁移规律，表明干旱区内陆确存在冷湿暖干型的气候特征，不同于东部季风区 相似文献
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皖南风尘堆积序列氧化物地球化学特征与古气候记录 总被引：29，自引：3，他引：29
根据安徽宣城向阳剖面64个样品系统的氧化物地球化学测试结果,分析讨论了皖南更新世风尘堆积序列氧化物地球化学特征及其所记录的气候变迁规律。结果表明：该区气候总体上以湿热为主,淋溶及氧化作用较强;近0．8Ma以来经历了8次大的干冷-暖湿气候旋回,显示本区中、晚更新世气候变迁具有全球一致性特点;中更新世以来本区气候演变的总趋势是由湿热向偏于偏凉发展。 相似文献
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通过对辽东湾北部LH01孔柱状岩芯样品进行粒度、孢粉、有孔虫和测年多项环境指标测试,探讨了辽东湾北部晚更新世24ka BP以来的古环境演变。LH01孔沉积环境经历了晚更新世晚期河湖相沉积—全新世早期海陆交互相沉积—全新世中期浅海相沉积—全新世晚期河口滨海相沉积;气候经历了晚更新世晚期冷较干—晚更新世晚期凉稍润—新仙女木降温—全新世早期凉稍润—全新世中期温暖较润—全新世中期温暖较干—全新世晚期温较干的变化;LH01孔在大约7.5ka BP发生了盘山海侵。 相似文献
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南沙群岛海域沉积物古地磁参数对米兰科维奇周期的响应 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：1
对南沙群岛海域８７－１１柱样天然剩余磁化强度（ＮＲＭ）及９０－１０３柱样ＮＲＭ、磁化氧（Ｘ）、剩磁倾然（Ｉ）等的功率谱分析表明：晚更新世以来该区沉积物的古地磁参数较好地反映了古气候、古环境的变化，响应着古气候变化的米兰科维奇天文学周期；在周期成分中，以地球轨道偏心率周期及岁差周期为主，地轴倾斜周期无明显表现，同时获得了与特殊地球位置相关联的岁差半周期成分。研究还表明，古地磁参数存在着明显的对古气候 相似文献
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巴里坤湖全新世环境演变的初步研究 总被引：7，自引：3，他引：7
新疆巴里坤湖ZK0024孔湖相沉积经多种手段同步分析表明自全新世以来,当湖区古气候多次出现不同程度的冷湿与暖干交替变化时,反映巴里坤湖发育史上经历了多次水位扩张期与收缩期的演变过程,此时山区则表现为全新世以来几次冰期与间冰期的进退变化,三者均呈现有规律的同周期变化,构成巴里坤全新世环境演变统一发展的整体。 相似文献
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中更新世以来新疆罗布泊地区气候演化过程 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
综合罗布泊LS2孔的碳酸盐含量、总有机碳、总氮和碳氮比的多指标分析,重建了该地区中更新世以来的沉积环境和气候环境的演化过程。结果表明,中更新世以来罗布泊地区沉积环境经历了中更新世的浅湖相沉积(厚度为12m)—滨湖相沉积(厚度约为46m)—浅湖相沉积(厚度为11m)—滨湖相沉积(厚度为28m)—晚更新世至今的滨湖相向风成相沉积(厚度约为18m)环境的演变过程;气候演化过程可以分为7个阶段:阶段Ⅰ(深度115～103m)气候由暖干向冷干气候转变;阶段Ⅱ(深度103～82m)冷湿和暖干交替变化;阶段Ⅲ(深度82～67m)气候相对暖干;阶段Ⅳ(深度67～57m)气候冷湿;阶段Ⅴ(深度57～46m.)气候温暖且偏干;阶段Ⅵ(深度46～18m)气候主要在冷湿背景下夹有3次暖干的气候波动;阶段Ⅶ(深度18～0m)气候干旱化加剧。该研究表明,中更新世时期罗布泊地区沉积环境以浅湖相—滨湖相为主,并在晚更新世发展为以风成相堆积为主;气候变化的水热组合形式主要遵循着"冷湿—暖干"的变化模式。 相似文献
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Arne Schnack-Friedrichsen Angela M. Davis Jim D. Bennell Dei G. Huws 《Marine Georesources & Geotechnology》2001,19(4):221-243
The interdependence between the seismo-acoustic properties of a marine sediment and its geotechnical/physical parameters has been known for many years, and it has been postulated that this should allow the extraction of geotechnical information from seismic data. Though in the literature many correlations have been published for the surficial layer, there is a lack of information for greater sediment depths. In this article, a desktop study on a synthetic seafloor model illustrates how the application of published near-surface prediction equations to subsurface sediments (up to several tens of meters burial depth) can lead to spurious predictions. To test this further, acoustic and geotechnical properties were measured on a number of sediment core samples, some of which were subjected to loading in acoustically-equipped consolidation cells (oedometers) to simulate greater burial depth conditions. For low effective pressures (representing small burial depths extending to around 10 meters subsurface), the general applicability of established relationships was confirmed: the prediction of porosity, bulk density, and mean grain size from acoustic velocity and impedance appears generally possible for the investigated sedimentary environments. As effective pressure increases through, the observed relationships deviate more and more from the established ones for the near-surface area. For the samples tested in this study, in some instances increasing pressure even resulted in decreasing velocities. There are several possible explanations for this abnormal behavior, including the presence of gas, overconsolidation, or bimodal grain size distribution. The results indicate that an appropriate depth correction must be introduced into the published prediction equations in order to obtain reliable estimates of physical sediment properties for greater subsurface depths. 相似文献
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Shigehisa Nakamura 《Marine Geodesy》2000,23(1):55-61
Specific properties of the interannual sea level variations and annual tides in the Northwestern Pacific were studied. Several tide stations were monitored. The monthly mean sea level for the year of 1995 was analyzed at each tide station. A seismic event in 1995, some tectonic activity around the subject area, and the Kuroshio (the oceanic western boundary current) may possibly contaminate results which would have occurred from the astronomical annual tide alone. 相似文献
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The effect of different fixation and storage protocols on the flow cytometric (FCM) simultaneous analysis of bacterioplankton and phytoplankton in coastal seawater samples (Mediterranean coastal lagoons) was investigated. FCM measurements (cell number, fluorescence and scatter characteristics) were obtained through DAPI staining. Three fixatives [glutaraldehyde (GA), formaldehyde (FA) and paraformaldehyde (PFA)] and two storage (3 months duration) methods (5 °C and −196 °C) were tested. Two dominant populations were detected in studied samples: bacteria and eukaryotic picophytoplankton. Adding fixatives (2% final concentration) appears necessary to obtain FCM exhaustive counts of all the bacteria and phytoplanktonic cells. This was related to the permeation effect of fixatives which allowed a better DAPI staining of the cells. Maximum fluorescence, i.e. optimal staining of the cells was obtained with FA or PFA, and significant lower fluorescences with GA. Fixed samples stored at 5 °C induced rapid cell loss. Only storage in liquid nitrogen of samples fixed with FA or PFA, allows mid-term (≥4 months) preservation of bacteria or picophytoplankton cell numbers, and limited evolution of DAPI-induced fluorescence and scatter characteristics. 相似文献
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Coastal inundation associated with extreme sea levels is the main factor which leads to the loss of life and property whenever a severe tropical cyclonic storm hits the Indian coasts. The Andhra and Orissa coasts are most vulnerable for coastal inundation due to extreme rise in sea levels associated with tropical cyclones. Loss of life may be minimized if extreme sea levels and associated coastal flooding is predicted well in advance. Keeping this in view, location specific coastal inundation models are developed and applied for the Andhra and Orissa coasts of India. Several numerical experiments are carried out using the data of past severe cyclones that struck these regions. The simulated inland inundation distances are found to be in general agreement with the reported flooding. 相似文献
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《海洋学报(英文版)》2014,(9):F0003-F0003
<正>Acta Oceanologica Sinica(AOS)is a comprehensive academic journal edited by the Editorial Committee of Acta Oceanologica Sinica and is designed to provide a forum for important research papers of the marine scientific community which reflect the information on a worldwide basis.The journal publishes scholarly papers on marine science and technology,including physics,chemistry,biology, 相似文献
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Hoi-Soo Jung Kap-Sik Jeong Yong-Shik Chu Sung-Hyun Park Ki-Hyune Kim 《Marine Georesources & Geotechnology》2001,19(3):181-195
Grain size and water content in box-core sediments from the Clarion-Clipperton fracture zone (C-C zone) in the northeast equatorial Pacific were analyzed in detail to understand the downcore variations across a hiatus between Quaternary and Tertiary layers. Grain-size distributions in the topmost core sediments show two modes: a coarse mode (peaked at 50 μm) and a fine mode (at 2-25 μm). The coarse mode disappears gradually with depth accompanied by the dissolution of siliceous fossil tests, whereas the fine mode coarsens due to the formation of authigenic minerals. Water content increases abruptly across a color boundary between an upper pale brown layer and a lower dark brown layer that is the hiatus between Quaternary and Tertiary layers. Abundant smectites and microvoid molds, which are created by the prolonged fossil dissolution in the underlying sediment, are attributed for the abrupt downcore variation of water content. Overall variations in grain size and water content in the topmost core sediments in the western C-C zone are possibly constrained by the dissolution of biogenic siliceous fossils. Variations in geotechnical properties related to these changes must be considered in the design of nodule collectors. 相似文献
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Shigehisa Nakamura 《Marine Geodesy》2001,24(1):27-33
This article concerns an interrelation between the sea levels and the western boundary flow near a tectonic boundary in a local zone in the Northwestern Pacific. In this zone, sea level variations at stations located on the coast facing the Pacific are studied to find the interrelation between variations of the Kurosio flow as an index of the distance of the flow axis off a specific coast. The result is discussed after data processing of the monthly means of the sea levels, and a notice is taken of variations caused by active crustal upheavals during a seismic event, a local earthquake. 相似文献
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This study tests the hypothesis that the in situ void ratio of surficial marine sediments may be predicted from shear wave velocity-depth data with a reliability equal to that of other methods currently available. Shear wave velocity is fundamentally controlled by the number of grain-to-grain contacts per unit volume of material and by the effective stress across those contacts. In this study, three previously established empirical formulae are used to predict void ratio from velocity-depth data. Field data were acquired along a transect off the northern Californian coast across which water depth increased from 35 to 70 m and seafloor sediment type varied from sand to silty-sand, respectively. A towed seafloor sled device was used to collect shear wave refraction data, and a marked, systematic decrease in velocity was observed along the line, ranging from 35-70 m/s for the coarse, near-shore material to 25-40 m/s for the finer, offshore deposits. Void ratios predicted from these velocities were compared with data measured directly from box-core samples. Of the formulae used for prediction, two agree remarkably well with the control data. Both predicted and control values increase from 0.6-0.8 for the sandy material to 1.1-1.5 for the silty-sand. Thus, this study does not disprove the hypothesis set and demonstrates the potential of field shear wave velocity-depth data as a means of delineating spatial variation in void ratio for surficial marine sediments in a remote, nondestructive manner. 相似文献
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Particulate samples were collected from the Changjiang river system during a flood period, in May 1997, and POC, stable isotope and lipids associated with particles were examined. Results showed the decrease (0.84% ～ 1.88%) of organic carbon content from the upper reaches to the estuary.δ13C values of particulate organic carbon was in the range of -24.9×10-3 to -26.6×10-3, which were close to the isotopic signature of continental C3 vegetation. Total particulate n-alkanes concentrations varied from 1.4 to 10.1μg/dm3,or from 23.7 to 107μg/g of total suspended matter. Fatty acids were present in all the samples, from 1.4 to 5.4μg/dm3, with saturated and unsaturated straight-chain and branched compounds in the carbon number range from C12 to C30. Both δ13C and the ratio of carbon content to nitrogen content indicate the predominance of terrestrial inputs (soil organic matter) among the particles. The biomarker approach has been used to identify the relative portion of terrigenous and autochthonous fraction in the particulate samples. The distribution of fatty acids suggests a striking phytoplanktonic and microbial signal in most particle samples. The terrestrial alkanes are used to estimate the contribution of terrestrial inputs along the mainstream. 相似文献