共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 125 毫秒
1.
以自制的两性聚丙烯酰胺分散体系作为污水絮凝剂,考查对城市污水的处理能力。以絮体体积和上清液的透光率为考查参数,研究了聚合物用量、聚合物的离子度、体系pH值和样品溶解时的盐浓度对絮凝效果的影响,并与离子型絮凝剂进行了比较。研究发现,两性聚丙烯酰胺的絮凝能力比阴离子型聚合物的絮凝能力强,比阳离子型聚合物的絮凝能力略强,最佳使用量为3.0 mg.L-1。两性聚丙烯酰胺的絮凝能力受离子度的影响,离子基团越多,絮凝能力越强,但过多的离子基团可带来负面影响。两性聚丙烯酰胺对体系的pH值的适应范围较宽。两性聚丙烯酰胺在应用时需先用1%的氯化钠溶液溶解,盐浓度过低时聚合物不能充分溶解,高于此值对絮凝过程无明显影响。 相似文献
2.
以硫酸铵水溶液为反应介质,以丙烯酰胺(AM)为主要单体,以甲基丙烯酰氧乙基三甲基氯化铵(DMC)和丙烯酸(AA)为离子单体,以DMC均聚物(PDMC)为稳定剂,以2,2′-偶氮二[2-(2-咪唑啉-2-代)丙烷]二氢氯化物(V-50)为引发剂,采用水分散聚合技术,合成了流动性好、具有良好稳定性的两性聚丙烯酰胺分散体系。NMR1H谱表明,聚合物中DMC单元的含量与原料中所占的比例相近。所制备的两性聚电解质具有明显的反聚电解质效应。硫酸铵浓度、稳定剂浓度、引发剂浓度和pH值对分散体系的粒子形貌和聚合物的特性黏数都有较大的影响。最佳合成条件为:硫酸铵浓度31%~33%、分散剂用量为0.46 g·g-1、引发剂用量400 mg·kg-1和pH值为5~6。 相似文献
3.
三次采油含聚污水中残留HPAM的含量体现在采出液的黏度上,直接影响到含聚污水的处理。实验以乌氏黏度计法测量聚合物溶液的黏度下降率,通过对pH值、水质阴阳离子量、黏均分子量和剪切速率等相关因素的研究发现,渤海JZ9—3油田注聚用FP3640C型聚合物的溶液黏度在pH值2～4范围内影响明显,pH〉7以后,黏度损失率减小;JZ9～3油田地层水中的Mg2＋、Ca2＋对聚合物的黏度影响显著;当离子浓度在2500～4000mg／L范围内,Na＋和K＋对黏度的降低有明显的影响;恒温60℃时,聚合物的黏度随着恒温时间的延长而下降,至30d后趋于稳定;剪切速率增加,黏度逐渐降低,转速达到8000r／min后,黏度亦趋于稳定。 相似文献
4.
含聚污水的水质问题是目前聚驱注水油田最紧迫的问题之一,以渤海旅大10-1油田含聚污水为例,利用原子力显微镜、环境扫描电镜等微观分析手段,实验研究含聚污水中残余聚合物对悬浮物浓度和粒径中值,含油率以及结垢离子浓度的具体影响,并进行了含聚污水回注储层岩心动态损害实验。研究表明：当残余聚合物浓度由0 mg/L时逐级增加到150 mg/L时,注入水悬浮物浓度增加了近269.0%,粒径中值仅增加0.3μm,抽滤速度下降了99.3%,含油率下降了86.5%,镁钙离子浓度下降了18.0%。残余聚合物的絮凝作用以及对纤维滤膜的吸附作用是悬浮物增加、抽滤速度显著降低的主要原因,乳化作用使得常规含油率测定值偏低,且残余聚合物浓度及分子量越高,注入水水质变化趋势越明显。另外,单一残余聚合物对高渗透储层损害有限,其与悬浮物及含油的协同作用是主要伤害源。 相似文献
5.
6.
7.
首次发现从青岛市团岛污水处理厂的活性污泥中分离得到的嗜温鞘氨醇杆菌(Sphingobacterium thalpophilum)产生絮凝剂,研究了该菌株所产絮凝剂的理化性质和絮凝特性。结果表明,该菌所产絮凝剂MBFQ-7是1种酸性多糖,主要由葡萄糖、甘露糖、阿拉伯糖、葡萄糖醛酸和半乳糖组成。絮凝实验表明,当微生物絮凝剂用量为7~8 mg/L,pH=3~7,温度20~80℃时,MBFQ-7具有较高的絮凝活性。 相似文献
8.
利用改性粘土去除藻华生物是目前有害藻华应急处置最常用的方法。本文研究了六种铝盐改性粘土(PAC-MC、PAFC-MC、PAFCs-MC、AC-MC、AS-MC、PAS-MC)对藻华生物球形棕囊藻(Phaeocystis globosa)、东海原甲藻(Prorocentrum donghaiense)的去除效率,考察了悬浮液pH、改性粘土颗粒表面电位及粒径分布等因子对去除效率的影响。结果显示:不同赤潮生物由于生物特征不同,其去除效率存在较大差异,PAC-MC、PAFC-MC、PAFCs-MC对东海原甲藻有较高的去除效率,但对于球形棕囊藻去除能力较差;AC-MC、AS-MC、PAS-MC对两种藻华生物均有较好的去除效果,但对水体酸碱扰动较大,在pH敏感水域应注意用量;对于同一种改性粘土,提高铝离子含量、增加改性粘土浓度有利于除藻效率的提升;自絮凝程度越低、表面正电性越强(或负电性越弱)、悬浮液pH值越低的改性粘土,除藻能力越强。本研究进一步为改性粘土应急处置有害藻华提供了参考。 相似文献
9.
10.
11.
营口市位于辽宁省的中南部，面对渤海的辽东湾，背依鞍山市平原丘陵，东邻辽东崇山峻岭，西接盘锦市沿海平原，有辽河蜿蜒人海，海岸线绵延曲折。由于受海洋、河流的影响．营口市四季分明，气候宜人，蕴藏着丰富的滨海旅游资源，海蚀景观、地质珍迹、人文景观等资源各显异彩；尤其是海水浴场，条件极为优越，与国际上一流的海水浴场相比．毫不逊色，在某些特征上还稍胜一筹。 相似文献
12.
A. P. Tolstosheev 《Physical Oceanography》2009,19(6):358-365
A method for the estimation of the results of reconstruction of the trajectories of drifting buoys is proposed. It is based
on the comparison of the estimates of power spectral densities for the components of current velocity computed according to
three data sets: the data set of the coordinates of a drifting buoy with a built-in GPS receiver, the data set of coordinates formed on the basis of the first set but with data missing and observational errors
corresponding to the actual trajectory measurements by the Argos satellite location and data collection system by the Doppler method, and the data set of coordinates obtained as a result
of interpolation of the second set. As an example, we consider the procedure of realization of the proposed method and demonstrate
the efficiency of its application for the improvement of the reliability of reconstruction of the trajectories of drifting
buoys. 相似文献
13.
I. E. Timchenko A. A. Primalenny V. D. Yarin E. F. Vasechkina E. M. Igumnova 《Physical Oceanography》2001,11(4):367-378
We use many-year archival observations of hydrologic and hydrobiologic state of the Sea of Azov for the identification of
the structure of a model of its ecosystem. The ecosystem model, supplemented with expert estimates of bioresource consumption
(fish reserve), contamination level, and possible ecologic fines for violation of the sea natural state, is formalized by
the method of system dynamics. Hereat, the major part of influence functions is found in terms of observational data with
application of self-organization algorithms. We also present the results of simulated experiments with the model of the ecosystem,
which enable us to analyse scenarios of its behaviour under the influence of various external factors (wind, river discharge,
water exchange with the Black Sea, etc.).
Translated by Peter V. Malyshev and Dmitry V. Malyshev 相似文献
14.
15.
An attempt has been made to estimate the fishery potentials of the EEZ of India on the basis of data on primary and secondary production. The total column primary production and zooplankton production have been calculated to be 265·9 and 9 million tonnes of carbon per year, respectively. From these values the fishery potential has been estimated as 2·5 million tonnes per year. To this, if we add the estimated demersal fish catch, being 1·2 million tonnes per year, the total potential yield comes to 3·7 million tonnes per year. Since the present average total catch is about 1·6 million tonnes in a year, the fish catch could be doubled. 相似文献
16.
天然气水合物地球化学特征 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
天然气水合物是在低温、高压以及有足够气体供应条件下形成的一种天然气(主要为甲烷)与水组成的似冰状固态化合物。天然气水合物中包含的甲烷碳是全球甲烷资源的重要组成部分,是一种数量巨大的潜在能源[1]。而且由于甲烷的温室效应,天然气水合物分解释放的甲烷进入大气中会严重 相似文献
17.
1992年，联合国21世纪议程提出了综合管理的概念，并认为它是海岸管理的最重要目标，而海岸管理的目的就是改进业已存在的管理实践的效率和效果。在21世纪议程的实施过程中，沿海国家面临着巨大的困难，即：为了使综合管理在实践中具有可操作性而建立适合的政府机构。韩国正是在国家范围和次一级区域进行这项工作的实验场所。这项工作的最重要成就是在1996年成立了具有综合协调各涉海部门职能的韩国海洋事务与渔业部（MOMAF）。这篇文章的内容主要来自于这些观察，即韩国政府为建立海岸带综合机制而进行了各种努力，特别是1992年联合国环发大会召开后到1997年初海洋事务与渔业部成立了海岸带管理处这段时间里开展的各种工作，文章重点在于评价在建立海岸带综合机制的过程中综合的概念是如何被应用并被挑战的。文章提出了在东亚地区沿海国家开展合作的可能区域的建议。 相似文献
18.
19.
Values of root mean square slope 0 and its variations -0 are estimated using the brightness field of an image of the surface of the sea near a speck of light. When 0 and -0 are defined it is highly important to take into account direct as well as dissipated solar radiation.The space-time analysis of the structure of the image brightness field is performed. This gives an opportunity to estimate dispersion relationship and the running effect of a brightness contrast packet. Comparison of the parameters obtained with the theoretical dispersion ratio of internal waves (IW) allows one to make a conclusion that IW surface manifestations are recorded in a frame.UDK 551.463.5 相似文献
20.
The analysis of the structure of the cryolithozone, facies, and thicknesses of the Quaternary sediments and the results of the physicochemical mathematical modeling of the modern shelf of the western part of the Laptev Sea support the influence of the Late Pleistocene glaciations on the heat conditions and the distribution of the permafrost in the area. A ～200-m thick glacier formed under aerial conditions from atmospheric precipitation represented the metamorphosed snow cover. According to the modeling, the long-living (from 60?50 to 10?4 ky) glacier reduced the thickness of the permafrost rocks in the reviewed shelf area for 280–360 m. The Holocene marine transgression additionally decreased the thickness from 50–140 m on the inner shelf to 220–350 m on the outer shelf. The modern submarine cryolithozone 450-0 m thick is wide-spread in the studied region from the coast to the shelf boundary (isobaths of 130–140 m), where it pinches out at a distance of ～380 km from the coast at a depth of ～250 m above the sea level. 相似文献