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1.
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2.
Based on measurements of the 18O isotope composition of 247 samples collected over a 3-year period we have assessed the oxygen isotope composition of water masses in the North Sea. This is the first δ18O data set that covers the entire North Sea basin. The waters lie on a mixing line: δ18O (‰VSMOW) = −9.300 + 0.274(S) with North Atlantic sub-polar mode water (SPMW) and surface waters, and Baltic Sea water representing the saline and freshwater end members respectively. Patterns exhibited in surface and bottom water δ18O distributions are representative of the general circulation of the North Sea. Oxygen-18 enriched waters from the North Atlantic enter the North Sea between Scotland and Norway and to a lesser extent through the English Channel. In contrast, oxygen-18 depleted waters mainly inflow from the Baltic Sea, the rivers Rhine and Elbe, and to a lesser degree, the Norwegian Fjords and other river sources. Locally the δ18O–salinity relationship will be controlled by the isotopic composition of the freshwater inputs. However, the range of local freshwater compositions around the North Sea basin is too narrow to characterise the relative contributions of individual sources to the overall seawater composition. This dataset provides important information for a number of related disciplines including biogeochemical research and oceanographic studies.  相似文献   

3.
氢和氧稳定同位素示踪湖泊蒸发的对比研究   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  
氢氧稳定同位素被广泛用于水文循环过程的研究。本文观测了2015年太湖湖水H~2HO和H_2~(18)O组分,分析了它们的时空变化规律及其控制因子,探讨亚热带大型浅水湖泊的同位素富集机制;基于稳定同位素质量守恒法计算太湖蒸发量;评价了动力分馏学系数的传统湖泊算法与海洋算法的适用性;重点分析了H~2HO和H_2~(18)O示踪湖泊蒸发的效果,对比二者之间的差异。研究结果表明,在空间上,太湖湖水和河水的氢氧同位素在南部特别是东南部较为富集但在北部区域较为贫化,这主要是受水流方向的控制,东南部湖水经历的蒸发时间较长,因此湖水中同位素累积较多;在季节上,冬季湖水同位素较贫化、春夏季较富集。对于2015年太湖的年蒸发量,用氢同位素示踪的结果与观测值较一致,为880mm;氧同位素的示踪结果略低,为690mm。使用传统湖泊研究中对动力学分馏系数的取值,会导致蒸发被显著低估,而氧稳定同位素的示踪结果对动力学分馏系数的取值更为敏感,同时氢稳定同位素在同位素分馏过程中主要是平衡分馏效应占主导,因此H~2HO在动力学分馏系数的参数化方案中影响较小,在实际应用中更为稳定。本文的研究结果表明了稳定同位素水文学研究中使用合适的动力学分馏系数的重要性。  相似文献   

4.
One hundred and ten carbon and nineteen strontium isotopic values of outcropping Cambrian Series 2 and Series 3 carbonate rocks in the Penglaiba section of the Keping area were analyzed. Effective isotopic data with little influence of diagenesis were used to address the global correlation. The δ13C values exhibit two major positive excursions (peaking at 3.1‰ and 3.3‰) and three major negative excursions (peaking at −3.0‰, −4.2‰ and −3.2‰). The carbon isotope excursions (peaking at −3.0‰ and −4.2‰) across the Cambrian Series 2-Series 3 boundary show good correlations with similar variations reported in Siberia, Laurentia, North China and South China. In contrast, the other three carbon isotope excursions (peaking at 3.1‰, 3.3‰ and −3.2‰) do not have a fairly good global correlation because of the lack of biostratigraphic data. With respect to the 87Sr/86Sr ratios, they show good correlation with those reported for Laurentia, and further support the global δ13C comparison. On the basis of these new data, it is showed that the combination of δ13C curves and 87Sr/86Sr variations serves as a powerful tool for correlation and subdivision of Cambrian strata in the Tarim Basin of northwest China, and provides new data for global correlation.  相似文献   

5.
Benthic foraminifer species Cibicidoides wuellerstorfi and related genera are assumed to secrete calcite very close to the carbon isotope values of the ambient bottom-water ΣCO2. Recently, attention has been focused on substantial productivity-linked δ13C depletions. To examine further the productivity effect on benthic δ13C deviations, we present data from the South Atlantic between 15 and 35°S, including water samples from 10 hydrographic stations and related surface-sediment measurements on C. wuellerstorfi. We compare open-ocean data with observations in the Namibia Upwelling area. As a result, δ13CΣCO2 values as well as phosphate concentrations in water samples of the upwelling realm differ significantly from those of the open-ocean realm at least in the upper and mid-depth water masses (SACW, AAIW, UCDW). However, deviations from the Redfield fractionation, caused by air–sea fractionation, remain constant within each water mass, which means that the carbon isotope changes toward upwelling areas are exclusively determined by biological cycling. In addition to lower δ13CΣCO2 values in upwelling areas, a depletion in the δ13C of epibenthic foraminifer calcite is observed, which is most likely explained by the decay of organic matter, reducing the 13C/12C ratio in the pore water and influencing the carbon isotopic composition of the C. wuellerstorfi shells of highly productive areas. The paleoceanographic implication of this effect for reconstructing the Late Quaternary deep-water circulation is discussed using carbon isotope records of several sediment cores within and outside the Namibia upwelling area.  相似文献   

6.
Carbon and nitrogen stable isotope composition of a range of organisms collected from two intermittently connected floodplain pools in the Ross River estuary were analysed to assess the extent to which carbon fixed by terrestrial wetland producers is incorporated into adjacent aquatic food webs. The two pools differed in surrounding vegetation with one surrounded by mangroves and the other by the salt couch Sporobolus virginicus. At both pools, animals showed differences in δ13C, indicating differences in sources of carbon. Since δ13C values of C3 mangroves (−29.7 to −26.3‰) were very different from those of the C4 salt couch (−16.3 to −15.4‰), it was possible to determine the importance of terrestrial wetland producers by comparing isotope values of consumers between sites, in a species by species approach. Most animal species collected showed lower δ13C at the mangrove pool than at the Sporobolus pool, which indicates a greater incorporation of mangrove carbon at the mangrove pool. However, the animals’ isotopic shifts were also similar to that shown by epiphytes, and hence the differences in animal δ13C could also be a result of a dependence on these producers. The IsoSource model was useful to clarify this question, indicating that mangrove and salt marsh material was a crucial contributor to the diet of several fish and invertebrate species at both sites, indicating that carbon of terrestrial origin is incorporated in the estuarine food web.  相似文献   

7.
Macroalgae contribute to intertidal food webs primarily as detritus, with unclear implications for food web studies using stable isotope analysis. We examined differences in the thallus parts of two South African rhodophytes (Gelidium pristoides and Hypnea spicifera) and changes in overall δ13C, δ15N signatures and C:N ratios during degradation in both the field and laboratory. We hypothesized that both degrading macroalgal tissue and macroalgal-derived suspended particulate material (SPM) would show negligible changes in δ13C, but enriched δ15N signatures and lower C:N ratios relative to healthy plants. Only C:N laboratory ratios conformed to predictions, with both species of macroalgae showing decomposition related changes in δ13C and significant depletions in δ15N in both the field and laboratory. In the laboratory, algal tissue and SPM from each species behaved similarly (though some effects were non-significant) but with differing strengths. Gelidium pristoides δ13C increased and C:N ratios decreased over time in tissue and SPM; δ15N became depleted only in SPM. Hypnea spicifera, δ13C, δ15N and C:N ratios all decreased during degradation in both SPM and algae.  相似文献   

8.
The southern coasts of Africa are influenced by two major oceanic currents, leading to biogeographic patterns in inshore and offshore species assemblages, and in the stable isotope signatures of suspended particulate matter and filter-feeding mussels. We used the stable isotope ratios of carbon (13C/12C) and nitrogen (15N/14N) from the blood and feathers of adult and chick Cape gannets (Morus capensis) to investigate whether the geographic differences observed at the lower levels in the marine communities are deep penetrating effects that reach top predators. Additionally, we evaluated whether trophic segregation occurs between adult and reared chick gannets, and whether a shift to wintering habitat occurs in adults. The study was conducted during the 2006 breeding season on Bird Island in the Agulhas system, and on Malgas and Ichaboe Islands, in the south and north Benguela respectively. Our results showed significant differences in the isotope ratios of members of different colonies, but no intra-colony differences between tissues or age groups. These results indicate that there is neither age-related nor temporal segregation in the diet of members of the same colony. Feather isotopic values suggest that adults remain all year round in the same habitats, and do not undertake long migration after reproduction. Since all gannets tend to target similar prey, we attributed among-colony differences in isotope signatures mostly to the oceanic conditions experienced by the main prey of birds rather than substantial differences in diet composition. Overall, isotopic signatures segregate the two current systems, with depleted carbon values in the Agulhas and enriched nitrogen values in the upwelled waters of the Benguela. Within the Benguela birds from Ichaboe in the north had higher δ15N values than those from Malgas in the south, which we attributed to differences in the functioning of the upwelling cells in the vicinity of the two colonies. Finally, slight variation in the proportion of main prey and discards from fisheries may contribute to the variation in the stable-isotope signatures between colonies in the Benguela.  相似文献   

9.
The stable carbon isotopic composition of particulate organic matter in the ocean, δ13CPOC, shows characteristic spatial variations with high values in low latitudes and low values in high latitudes. The lowest δ13CPOC values (−32‰ to −35‰) have been reported in the Southern Ocean, whereas in arctic and subarctic regions δ13CPOC values do not drop below −27‰. This interhemispheric asymmetry is still unexplained. Global gradients in δ13CPOC are much greater than in δ13CDIC, suggesting that variations in isotopic fractionation during organic matter production are primarily responsible for the observed range in δ13CPOC. Understanding the factors that control isotope variability is a prerequisite when applying δ13CPOC to the study of marine carbon biogeochemistry. The present model study attempts to reproduce the δ13CPOC distribution pattern in the ocean. The three-dimensional (3D) Hamburg Model of the Oceanic Carbon Cycle version 3.1 (HAMOCC3.1) was combined with two different parametrizations of the biological fractionation of stable carbon isotopes. In the first parametrization, it is assumed that the isotopic fractionation between CO2 in seawater and the organic material produced by algae, P, is a function of the ambient CO2 concentration. The two parameters of this function are derived from observations and are not based on an assumption of any specific mechanism. Thus, this parametrization is purely empirical. The second parametrization is based on fractionation models for microalgae. It is supported by several laboratory experiments. Here the fractionation, P, depends on the CO2 concentration in seawater and on the (instantaneous) growth rates, μi, of the phytoplankton. In the Atlantic Ocean, where most field data are available, both parametrizations reproduce the latitudinal variability of the mean δ13CPOC distribution. The interhemispheric asymmetry of δ13CPOC can mostly be attributed to the interhemispheric asymmetry of CO2 concentration in the water. However, the strong seasonal variations of δ13CPOC as reported by several authors, can only be explained by a growth rate-dependent fractionation, which reflects variations in the cellular carbon demand.  相似文献   

10.
The dietary importance of marsh vascular plants (primarilySalicornia virginica), algae and upland particulate inputs to macro-invertebrate consumers was studied in Carpinteria Salt Marsh, southern California, using stable carbon and nitrogen isotope ratios. This marsh is predominantly a marine or hypersaline system and succulents are the most common vascular plant species. Of invertebrates collected from the vegetated marsh, tidal flats and channels, only detritivores from the vegetated marsh (Traskorchestia traskiana,Melampus olivaceus) had isotope values (δ13C=−20‰) that suggested some use ofSalicornia-derived carbon.T. traskianacultured in the laboratory on decomposingS. virginicaor blue-green micro-algal mat had distinctive isotopic signatures, reflecting the capability of this consumer to assimilate carbon and nitrogen derived from these sources. The δ13C values (generally −16‰ to −15‰) of species from tidal flats and channels (e.g.Cerithidea californica,Protothaca staminea,Mytilus galloprovincialis,Neotrypaea californiensis) were most similar to values for benthic algae and phytoplankton. Specimens ofM. galloprovincialisalong a gradient of presumed increase in marine influence had similar isotope values, suggesting little contribution to diet from upland runoff. The present results differ most noticeably from published values in the13C enrichment of suspension-feeders, suggesting the use of resuspended13C-enriched benthic microalgae in tidal channels by these consumers, and in the13C depletion and15N enrichment of plants and consumers along a portion of the marsh boundary receiving inputs of nutrient-enriched perched groundwater. In general, the isotopic composition of macro-invertebrates indicated the incorporation of algal production rather than ofS. virginicaor upland sources into the marsh food web.  相似文献   

11.
Carbon and Nitrogen stable isotopes and stomach contents analyses were used to investigate an estuarine fish food web and identify the contribution of these two methods to the knowledge and understanding of the food web's structure and its functioning. The nine most abundant fish species during the warm period in the Gironde estuary (southwest France, Europe) are examined. Observation of the stomach contents reflects a variety of feeding modes between fish species that consume a diverse assortment of prey, with limited dietary overlap. Nevertheless, when regarding the whole fish community, few prey species dominate the stomach contents. Nitrogen isotope ratios indicate a high intraspecific variability inducing an interspecific covering of the signatures. However, a tendency to δ15N enrichment according to the trophic position of the species studied was observed. Fish assemblages show a trend towards enrichment of their carbon isotopic signatures from the upper estuary (−20.8 ± 1.8‰) towards the lower estuary (−18.3 ± 1.6‰). But whatever the capture zone considered, most of the individual δ13C values for each fish analysed are comprised between −22 and −16‰. Only few specimens, belonging to migratory amphihaline species, have significantly lighter values.  相似文献   

12.
《Marine Chemistry》2002,80(1):1-9
Two extremely piezophilic bacteria, DB21MT-2 and DB21MT-5, isolated from sediments of the Mariana Trench at 11,000 m, were grown in the laboratory under low-temperature (10 °C) and high-pressure (70 MPa) conditions. Phospholipid ester-linked fatty acids (PLFA) were analyzed by gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC/MS) and isotopic compositions of individual fatty acids were determined by gas chromatography isotope ratio mass spectrometry (GC-IRMS) in order to determine isotopic fractionation effects during biosynthesis. The piezophiles are characterized by fatty acids with carbon chains ranging from 14 to 22 carbons in length and by the presence of abundant polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA). Fatty acids from each culture exhibit a wide range of isotopic compositions (δ13C vs. Pee Dee Belemnite (PDB)). With two exceptions (C15:0 and C17:1 from DB21MT-2), all fatty acids are depleted in 13C relative to that of bulk carbon in the bacterial growth substrate. In addition, strain DB21MT-2 shows systematically higher (less negative) δ13C values than strain DB21MT-5. The implications for isotope fractionation in fatty acid biosynthesis and the interpretation of isotopic composition of sedimentary fatty acids are discussed. It is suggested that the same type of microorganisms could have rather different δ13C under the same growth conditions, and that sedimentary fatty acids with distinct δ13C values do not necessarily have to originate from different organisms. Interpretation of δ13C values of sedimentary biomarkers may be complicated by such large variations in δ13C of fatty acids given that they are biosynthesized by the same type of microorganisms grown under identical conditions.  相似文献   

13.
Ecosystem dynamics driven by top-down controls have been well documented in rocky intertidal communities, while the effects of bottom-up influences are comparatively poorly understood. We hypothesized that large-scale signatures of the physical environment may be identifiable along the South African coastline as it is subject to two very different current systems (Benguela and Agulhas Currents) that profoundly influence primary production and thus both food type and availability. Through stable isotope analysis, we examined biogeographic patterns in multiple trophic levels at four sites along a 1400-km stretch of South African coastline and investigated the dietary role of macroalgal-derived organic carbon in rocky intertidal communities. The general positioning of trophic groups was comparable across all sites, with animals from the same trophic levels grouping together and with a δ15N fractionation of 1–2‰ between levels. The species found at all sites demonstrated east–west δ15N enrichment, presumably reflecting a biogeographic shift in nitrogen sources linked to upwelling on the west coast. Filter-feeders gave particularly clear results. Using discriminant analysis, mussels could be categorized into four geographic groups based on carbon and nitrogen signatures: east coast, southeast coast, south-west coast and west coast. Barnacles and polychaetes showed similar geographic groupings to mussels, but with shifts in actual values (1‰ depletion in δ13C and 3‰ enrichment in δ15N relative to mussels). This suggests that fractionation varies between species within a trophic level.  相似文献   

14.
We have collected fifty-five seawater samples at seven stations at various depths in the Yamato and Japan Basins of the Japan Sea and measured their helium isotopic ratios. The 3He/4He ratios vary from 0.997 Ratm to 1.085 Ratm where Ratm is the atmospheric ratio. The maximum 3He excesses about 8%, are observed at mid-depth (1000 m), and these values are significantly lower than those observed in deep Pacific waters. This implies that mantle-derived helium in deep Pacific water cannot enter the Japan Sea since it is an almost landlocked marginal sea. The observed 8% excess 3He may be attributable to the decay product of tritium. Slightly higher 3He/4He ratios in the Bottom Water were observed in the Yamato Basin than in the Japan Basin. The ventilation ages of seawater shallower than 1000 m are calculated as about 5 to 20 years, which is consistent with the CFC ages reported in the literature. There is a positive correlation between the apparent oxygen utilization and 3H-3He ages. The estimated oxygen utilization rate from the correlation in a layer between 500 m and 1000 m is about 3 μmol/kg/yr, which is similar to that in the eastern subtropical North Atlantic.  相似文献   

15.
We examine seasonal variations in the stable carbon and oxygen isotopic composition of individual shells of the pteropods Limacina inflata and Styliola subula, collected from Oceanic Flux Program sediment traps (at 500 m depth) near Bermuda in the western Sargasso Sea. Calcification depths estimated from L. inflata δ18O vary between 200 and 650 m in late winter and spring, and between 50 and 250 m in late summer and fall. S. subula shows similar seasonal variability with calcification depths between 250 and 600 m in late winter and spring and 50–400 m in late summer and fall. These results suggest that both species calcify across a greater range of depths than indicated by previous geochemical studies. Furthermore, the data indicate that these species change their calcification depth in conjunction with changes in thermal stratification of the water column. Pteropod shell δ13C values vary inversely with δ13CDIC but show a positive correlation with seawater [CO32−] and temperature after depth differences in δ13CDIC are accounted for. We hypothesize that either the influence of temperature on metabolic CO2 incorporation during shell growth and/or the influence of ambient [CO32−] on shell geochemistry can explain these relationships. Taken together, the individual shell δ18O and δ13C data suggest that shell calcification, and by inference the life cycle, of these pteropods is several months or less. Individual pteropod shell analyses have potential for contributing to our understanding of the environmental parameters that play a role in seasonal calcification depth shifts, as well as to our knowledge of past upper ocean thermal structure.  相似文献   

16.
Authigenic carbonates from active methane seeps offshore southwest Africa   总被引：2，自引：1，他引：1  
The southwest African continental margin is well known for occurrences of active methane-rich fluid seeps associated with seafloor pockmarks at water depths ranging broadly from the shelf to the deep basins, as well as with high gas flares in the water column, gas hydrate accumulations, diagenetic carbonate crusts and highly diverse benthic faunal communities. During the M76/3a expedition of R/V METEOR in 2008, gravity cores recovered abundant authigenic carbonate concretions from three known pockmark sites—Hydrate Hole, Worm Hole, the Regab pockmark—and two sites newly discovered during that cruise, the so-called Deep Hole and Baboon Cluster. The carbonate concretions were commonly associated with seep-benthic macrofauna and occurred within sediments bearing shallow gas hydrates. This study presents selected results from a comprehensive analysis of the mineralogy and isotope geochemistry of diagenetic carbonates sampled at these five pockmark sites. The oxygen isotope stratigraphy obtained from three cores of 2–5?m length indicates a maximum age of about 60,000–80,000?years for these sediments. The authigenic carbonates comprise mostly magnesian calcite and aragonite, associated occasionally with dolomite. Their very low carbon isotopic compositions (–61.0?<?δ13C ‰ V-PDB?<?–40.1) suggest anaerobic oxidation of methane (AOM) as the main process controlling carbonate precipitation. The oxygen isotopic signatures (+2.4?<?δ18O ‰ V-PDB?<?+6.2) lie within the range in equilibrium under present-day/interglacial to glacial conditions of bottom seawater; alternatively, the most positive δ18O values might reflect the contribution of 18O-rich water from gas hydrate decomposition. The frequent occurrence of diagenetic gypsum crystals suggests that reduced sulphur (hydrogen sulphide, pyrite) from sub-seafloor sediments has been oxidized by oxygenated bottom water. The acidity released during this process can potentially induce the dissolution of carbonate, thereby providing enough Ca2+ ions for pore solutions to reach gypsum saturation; this is thought to be promoted by the bio-irrigation and burrowing activity of benthic fauna. The δ18O–δ13C patterns identified in the authigenic carbonates are interpreted to reflect variations in the rate of AOM during the last glacial–interglacial cycle, in turn controlled by variably strong methane fluxes through the pockmarks. These results complement the conclusions of Kasten et al. in this special issue, based on authigenic barite trends at the Hydrate Hole and Worm Hole pockmarks which were interpreted to reflect spatiotemporal variations in AOM related to subsurface gas hydrate formation–decomposition.  相似文献   

17.
The TCO2, O2, TA and δ13C data of the 1969 Geosecs Intercalibration Cruise was analyzed and found to be consistent with a vertical mixing model which assumes that each point along a vertical profile is a mixture of the upper and lower boundaries. Calculated regression coefficients are in agreement with the model of Redfield et al. (1963) and with the assumption that TA variation is due to carbonate reaction. Oxygen consumption and TCO2 production decrease exponentially with depth and approximately 80% of ΔCO2 can be accounted for, on average, by O2 consumption. The remaining 20% are probably due to carbonate solution which seems to take place at depths below 2,500 m. The present study suggests that the isotopic composition (δ13C) of the carbon source, required to account for most of the oxygen consumed, may be heavier than the value of −23%. assigned to dissolved organic carbon and particulate organic carbon.  相似文献   

18.
We analyzed the stable nitrogen isotope composition of an extensive set of samples of particulate matter (PM) and seawater nitrate collected during October/November 1997 along the Mexican coastline from 24° to 11.5°N. At the northern and southern end of our study area, the δ15N of PM ranged between 5 and 7‰ in the upper 200 m of the water column with higher values at intermediate depths. These data are very similar to those reported from other parts of the open ocean. In the oxygen minimum zone (OMZ), we found significantly higher δ15N values for suspended particles. Furthermore, the δ15N of nitrate (NO3) was elevated within the OMZ and we found a strong relationship between the oxygen concentration, nitrate deficit and the 15N content of the nitrate. The core of the OMZ between 22°N, 105°W and 15°N, 110°W coincided with higher nitrate deficits and δ15N values relative to the stations near the boundaries. The δ15N of nitrate was highest, with values up to 18.7‰, where oxygen concentrations were below 1–2 μmol/l. This pattern is consistent with an overall nitrogen isotopic enrichment factor of 22.5‰ for denitrification in the core of the OMZ using the Rayleigh equation (closed-system approach). Results from a diffusion model (open-system approach), however, gave a fractionation factor of 30±7.5‰, implying that the Rayleigh formula only gives a lower estimate of the fractionation factor ε. The vertical flux of particles collected in short-term deployments (ca. 35 h) of a drifting sediment trap was not significantly correlated with the water column nitrate deficit. The isotopic signature of the nitrate within the gradient is very similar to the δ15N value of sedimenting particles, suggesting that there might be a strong link between the production and sedimentation of particles. Upward flux of nitrate across the thermocline can account for less than half of the particle flux leaving the mixed layer. Mixing and transport of nitrate across the lower boundary of the OMZ can lead to significant enrichment in the 15N content of deep waters, and our isotopic data imply that at least 14% of the nitrate in the waters below the OMZ originates from this source.  相似文献   

19.
Concentration and stable isotopic compositions (δ 18O) of dissolved O2 were measured in seawater samples collected from the Philippine Sea in June 2006. The in-situ O2 consumption rate and the isotopic fractionation factor (α r ) during dissolved O2 consumption were obtained from field observations by applying a vertical one-dimensional advection diffusion model to the deep water mass of about 1000–4000 m. The average O2 consumption rate and α r were, respectively, 0.11 ± 0.07 μmol kg−1yr−1 and 0.990 ± 0.001. These estimated values agree well with values from earlier estimations of Pacific deep water. The in-situ O2 consumption rates are two or more times higher north of 20°N, although the value of α r was not significantly different between the north and south. Its levels varied rapidly in the water mass of less about 2000 m depth. These results suggest that organic matter from the continent imparts a meaningful contribution to the upper water in the northern part of the area; it might produce the strong O2 minimum that is evident in the water mass from about 1000–2000 m in the northern part of the Philippine Sea.  相似文献   

20.
生物固氮作用是一个重要的海洋新氮来源，在海洋生物地球化学循环中扮演着不可替代的角色。基于稳定同位素（15N2）示踪吸收法，是目前直接测定海洋生物固氮速率最有效的手段。其中，高效、洁净地将15N2引入海水培养体系，并准确定量培养体系底物的同位素示踪水平，是同位素示踪吸收法准确获取固氮速率的关键。本研究针对15N2同位素示踪剂引入这一关键环节进行了探讨，确认改进气泡法是将15N2引入海水培养体系的首选操作。在对培养体系造成的较小扰动的情况下，可将培养体系氮气底物的15N原子丰度提升至10%以上，相对于另一种导入同位素示踪剂的手段——预溶解海水法，改进气泡法将培养瓶中氮气底物的15N原子丰度提升了近200%。此外，改进气泡法还具有最小化痕量金属沾污、操作简便等优点。将改进气泡法结合与稳定同位素比值质谱测定结合，是准确测定水体生物固氮速率的推荐方法。  相似文献   

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