共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 797 毫秒
1.
浙江舟山群岛邻近海域微,小型浮游植物与赤潮生物研究 总被引：7，自引：0，他引：7
报道了舟山群岛邻近海域未发生赤潮与发生赤潮时的微、小型浮游植物组成、数量分布、赤潮生物种类与环境的关系。舟山群岛邻近海域共有浮游植物 1 69种 ,其中赤潮生物为 59种。赤潮发生时比未发生赤潮时水域的浮游植物密度高 1 0～ 1 0 0个 /dm3,浮游植物密度与硅酸盐、硝酸盐浓度成负相关 ,与溶解氧和透明度成正相关。平均浮游植物密度 :春季表层水样为4.5× 1 0 4 个 /dm3,底层水样为 5.2× 1 0 3个 /dm3,网样为 2 .7× 1 0 5个 /m3;秋季网样为 3.7× 1 0 6个 /m3。表层水样的赤潮生物优势种 :春季为微型的三鳍原甲藻 ,平均细胞密度为 3.3× 1 0 5个/dm3,占总细胞密度的 77.2 % ;秋季为微型的中肋骨条藻 ,平均密度为 2 .7× 1 0 3个 /dm3,占总细胞密度的 72 .2 %。三鳍原甲藻、海洋原甲藻、夜光藻等为浙江舟山群岛邻近海域常见的有害赤潮生物。 相似文献
2.
根据 1 999年 7月 2 3 - 2 4日胶州湾东部赤潮发生海区的观测资料 ,结合同年 6 ,7,8月3个航次的数据 ,分析了赤潮前后水体浮游植物群落、叶绿素 a和营养盐等要素的变化特征。结果显示 ,本次赤潮为短角弯角藻 (Eucampia Zoodiacus)赤潮 ,总生物密度高达 1 .6× 1 0 10个 /m L。赤潮发生时 ,叶绿素 a浓度范围为 2 8.8～ 3 6 .0 mg/m3 ;温度、盐度变化不大 ,DO,p H值升高 ,营养盐浓度处于较低水平 ,其中 P降幅最大 ,N/P值则急剧上升 ,峰值为 2 4 7,P被认为是本次赤潮的限制因子 ;NO2 - N/NO3 - N的值变化很大 ,高于正常值。赤潮消退 ,各要素恢复正常 相似文献
3.
双环海链藻(Thalassiosira diporocyclus Hasle)赤潮 总被引：10，自引：6，他引：10
20 0 1— 2 0 0 2年的秋冬季节 ,于中国东南沿海的南澳岛周围海域突发了双环海链藻赤潮 ,该赤潮藻及其赤潮在中国都是首次记录。该赤潮藻以实心胶质块的群体形式出现 ,其群体一般呈球形或椭球形 ,常为茶褐色 ,大小不一 ,直径多数在 2— 3mm之间 ,最小的不到 0 1mm ,最大的约有 5mm。胶质块由双环海链藻和数种羽纹硅藻组成 ,前者分布于外层 ,后者包埋其中。双环海链藻的细胞密度最大达 1 75× 10 7cells/L ,占浮游植物总细胞数的 78 8%。如把包埋其中的羽纹硅藻考虑进去 ,赤潮藻胶质块的组成细胞总密度则高达 2 2 8× 10 7cells/L以上 ,占浮游植物总细胞数的 95 9%。赤潮藻的密度由湾内向外海呈显著递减趋势 ,与营养盐的平面分布格局相反。该赤潮起源于外海 ,赤潮发生机制可能与 2 0 0 1— 2 0 0 2厄尔尼诺年导致的水温异常升高有关。 相似文献
4.
长江口海域浮游植物分布及其与径流的关系 总被引：57，自引：9，他引：48
利用 2 0 0 1— 2 0 0 2年 4个季度月航次调查资料 ,研究了长江口海域浮游植物的分布及其与长江径流的关系 ,共鉴定浮游植物 1 5 4种 (含变种和变型 ) ,其中属硅藻类的有 1 1 3种 ,甲藻类 36种 ,近岸低盐性的中肋骨条藻 (Skeletonemacostatum)是最重要的优势种。夏季浮游植物密集区位于长江口海域的北部及靠近浙江近海的上升流区 ,春季和秋季密集区出现在调查区的南部。浮游植物数量高峰出现在夏季 (平均为 9 2 7× 1 0 6 个 /m3) ;冬季 (枯水期 )数量最少(平均为 2 91× 1 0 5 个 /m3) ,且分布相对较均匀 ,显示出该海域浮游植物种类组成与数量的季节变化同长江径流量有明显的关系。由于大量营养盐被长江径流携带入海 ,造成河口区严重富营养化 ,这为赤潮生物大量孳生提供了适宜的环境条件 ,长江口海域已成为我国沿海赤潮多发区之一。 相似文献
5.
于 2008 年 8 月 10—28 日, 在山东乳山近海赤潮发生海域采用直接采水计数法对浮游植物种类组成进行了 4 次跟踪监测。结果表明, 此次赤潮主要由海洋卡盾藻引起, 面积约 100km2, 平均密度 1.46×106 cells/L, 占浮游植物总数的 91.32%。 从 8 月 19 日开始, 海洋卡盾藻赤潮开始消退, 同时中肋骨条藻和尖刺拟菱形藻密度增高, 到 8 月 28 日本次赤潮完全消失。研究发现, 该海域富营养化、低盐度的理 相似文献
6.
赤潮异弯藻Heterosigma akashiwo的生长特性 总被引：14，自引：4，他引：14
采用多因子实验设计 ,经三维ANOVA统计分析 (TukeyTest) ,研究了温度、盐度和光照强度对鱼毒类赤潮藻———赤潮异弯藻Heterosigmaakashiwo生长的影响。结果表明 ,在实验范围温度 (1 2℃、1 9℃、2 5℃、3 2℃ ) ,盐度 (1 0、1 8、2 5、3 0、3 5 )和光照强度 0 0 2× 1 0 1 6、0 0 8× 1 0 1 6、0 3× 1 0 1 6、1 6× 1 0 1 6quanta/(cm2 ·s)内 ,各温度和光照强度、以及低盐度 (1 0 ,1 8)和高盐度 (3 5 )之间 ,藻生长率有极显著差异 (P <0 0 0 1 )。光照强度和温度、盐度和温度以及这三个因子之间存在极显著的相互作用 (P <0 0 0 1 ) ,而光照强度和盐度之间无显著的相互作用 (P =0 0 74>0 0 5 ) ,藻生长的最适温度、光照、盐度条件分别为 2 5℃、1 6× 1 0 1 6quanta/(cm2 ·s)、1 0— 3 5 ,这时生长率为 0 .85d- 1 。 相似文献
7.
研究了辽宁东港鸭绿江口海域赤潮监控区6个测站的浮游植物种类组成、数量分布和群落结构特征.2011年5-10月浮游植物数量变化范围为9.80伊104~3.66伊108个/m3,浮游植物数量高峰出现在春季5月,最低值出现在夏季8月.共发现浮游植物4门33属70种,其中硅藻27属57种,甲藻4属11种,黄藻 1 属 1种,金藻 1 属 1种.优势种为尖刺拟菱形藻(Pseudo-nitzschia pungens)、中肋骨条藻(Skeletonema costatum)、窄隙角毛藻(Chaetoceros affinis)和夜光藻(Noctiluca scintillans),均为赤潮生物种.春季5月多样性指数和均匀度指数较低,但优势度指数较高,优势种是尖刺拟菱形藻,成为形成赤潮的潜在生物要素. 相似文献
8.
1999年5月和10月 ,对大连湾 (121°36′42″～121°46′53″N,38°28′39″～39°00′16″E)进行了浮游植物的调查研究 ,结果表明:大连湾浮游植物共53种。其中 ,硅藻门有26属42种 ,甲藻门有6属8种。浮游植物的平均数量为23.4×104 个/m3,其中 ,硅藻门的平均数量为23.7×104个/m3 ,占浮游植物总量的80.1% ,甲藻门的平均数量为25.9×104个/m3 ,占浮游植物总量的16.7 %。优势种中的丹麦细柱藻 (Leptocylindyusdanicus)、中肋骨条藻 (Skeletonemacostatum)、诺氏海链藻 (Thalassiosiranordenskioldii)均为赤潮生物 ,说明该区域有发生赤潮的危险。 相似文献
9.
赤潮多发区塔玛亚历山大藻的麻痹性贝毒预警值研究 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
以厦门西海域养殖的翡翠贻贝为实验对象,在实验室内对塔玛亚历山大藻(Alexandrium tamarense(Lebour)Balech)采用单种培养技术,运用“麻痹性贝毒小白鼠生物检测法”进行毒性实验,研究了塔玛亚历山大藻对翡翠贻贝的麻痹性贝毒的毒力,藻密度为1×105个/dm3时,白鼠未死亡;藻密度为1×106个/dm3时,白鼠发生死亡.厦门西海域近年来暴发的赤潮一般起始于局部海区无害硅藻类浮游植物,在生态环境恶化下,硅藻类赤潮在生存竞争中消退,最终暴发有害赤潮.以试验结果为依据,根据厦门海域实际情况,参考各国贝毒临界值行动标准,提出适合南方赤潮多发区塔玛亚历山大藻的麻痹性贝毒藻密度预警值为1×105个/dm3. 相似文献
10.
以一种标准实验生物卤虫ArtemiasalinaLeach为实验材料 ,初步研究了一种鱼毒性赤潮藻———赤潮异弯藻Heterosigmaakashiwo的毒性及其来源。结果表明 ,赤潮异弯藻能强烈抑制卤虫的运动能力 ,0 .1、1 .5、6和 2 4h时 ,赤潮异弯藻对卤虫运动的半影响浓度分别为 1 .5× 1 0 4 、7.5× 1 0 3、4.5× 1 0 3、3× 1 0 3cells/ml,但在较低浓度 3× 1 0 3cells/ml的赤潮异弯藻中 ,经过48h,卤虫的运动能力能够恢复到正常水平。通过对该藻各组分 :藻液 (algalculture)、藻细胞悬浮液 (re suspendedcells)、去藻过滤液 (cell freemedium)、藻细胞内容物 (cellcontents)和藻细胞碎片 (cellfragments)的毒性比较 ,发现藻液、藻细胞悬浮液和藻细胞碎片对卤虫的活力有显著抑制作用 ,而去藻过滤液及藻细胞内容物无影响 ,结合致毒途径藻细胞结构 ,可以推断毒性物质来源于藻细胞表面。经苯酚硫酸法和紫外可见光范围的吸收扫描 ,结合该藻藻的细胞结构报道结果 ,分离到的毒性组分推断为多糖类物质 ,本实验结果将有助于了解赤潮异弯藻对海洋生物危害的毒性作用机制 相似文献
11.
Arne Schnack-Friedrichsen Angela M. Davis Jim D. Bennell Dei G. Huws 《Marine Georesources & Geotechnology》2001,19(4):221-243
The interdependence between the seismo-acoustic properties of a marine sediment and its geotechnical/physical parameters has been known for many years, and it has been postulated that this should allow the extraction of geotechnical information from seismic data. Though in the literature many correlations have been published for the surficial layer, there is a lack of information for greater sediment depths. In this article, a desktop study on a synthetic seafloor model illustrates how the application of published near-surface prediction equations to subsurface sediments (up to several tens of meters burial depth) can lead to spurious predictions. To test this further, acoustic and geotechnical properties were measured on a number of sediment core samples, some of which were subjected to loading in acoustically-equipped consolidation cells (oedometers) to simulate greater burial depth conditions. For low effective pressures (representing small burial depths extending to around 10 meters subsurface), the general applicability of established relationships was confirmed: the prediction of porosity, bulk density, and mean grain size from acoustic velocity and impedance appears generally possible for the investigated sedimentary environments. As effective pressure increases through, the observed relationships deviate more and more from the established ones for the near-surface area. For the samples tested in this study, in some instances increasing pressure even resulted in decreasing velocities. There are several possible explanations for this abnormal behavior, including the presence of gas, overconsolidation, or bimodal grain size distribution. The results indicate that an appropriate depth correction must be introduced into the published prediction equations in order to obtain reliable estimates of physical sediment properties for greater subsurface depths. 相似文献
12.
海上大直径钢管桩打桩过程中,桩周土体受到强烈扰动而发生强度弱化,掌握桩周土体强度弱化规律对于准确预测打桩过程、保证工程安全具有重要意义。为研究土体强度弱化规律,开展了环剪试验模拟打桩对桩周土体的扰动,测试土体强度随剪切速率的变化规律,建立了描述土体强度弱化规律的拟合公式,引入到打桩分析软件中。研究结果表明：土体的强度折减程度不仅与土体本身的性质有关还受到土体的埋深和剪切速率的影响,埋深越深土体强度折减程度越低,剪切速率越高土体强度折减越高,在打桩分析中可采用这里推荐的线性折减方法来模拟不同深度处土体强度的折减规律。 相似文献
13.
Shigehisa Nakamura 《Marine Geodesy》2000,23(1):55-61
Specific properties of the interannual sea level variations and annual tides in the Northwestern Pacific were studied. Several tide stations were monitored. The monthly mean sea level for the year of 1995 was analyzed at each tide station. A seismic event in 1995, some tectonic activity around the subject area, and the Kuroshio (the oceanic western boundary current) may possibly contaminate results which would have occurred from the astronomical annual tide alone. 相似文献
14.
The effect of different fixation and storage protocols on the flow cytometric (FCM) simultaneous analysis of bacterioplankton and phytoplankton in coastal seawater samples (Mediterranean coastal lagoons) was investigated. FCM measurements (cell number, fluorescence and scatter characteristics) were obtained through DAPI staining. Three fixatives [glutaraldehyde (GA), formaldehyde (FA) and paraformaldehyde (PFA)] and two storage (3 months duration) methods (5 °C and −196 °C) were tested. Two dominant populations were detected in studied samples: bacteria and eukaryotic picophytoplankton. Adding fixatives (2% final concentration) appears necessary to obtain FCM exhaustive counts of all the bacteria and phytoplanktonic cells. This was related to the permeation effect of fixatives which allowed a better DAPI staining of the cells. Maximum fluorescence, i.e. optimal staining of the cells was obtained with FA or PFA, and significant lower fluorescences with GA. Fixed samples stored at 5 °C induced rapid cell loss. Only storage in liquid nitrogen of samples fixed with FA or PFA, allows mid-term (≥4 months) preservation of bacteria or picophytoplankton cell numbers, and limited evolution of DAPI-induced fluorescence and scatter characteristics. 相似文献
15.
16.
17.
《海洋学报(英文版)》2014,(9):F0003-F0003
<正>Acta Oceanologica Sinica(AOS)is a comprehensive academic journal edited by the Editorial Committee of Acta Oceanologica Sinica and is designed to provide a forum for important research papers of the marine scientific community which reflect the information on a worldwide basis.The journal publishes scholarly papers on marine science and technology,including physics,chemistry,biology, 相似文献
18.
19.
Phylogenetic diversity and phenotypic characterization of cultivable bacterioplankton isolated from polar oceans 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
A set of 27 marine planktonic bacteria isolated from the polar regions was characterized by 16S rDNA sequencing and physiological and biochemical testing. More than half of these bacteria were positive for caseinase, gelatinase and 13-glucosidase, and could utilize glucose, maltose or malic acid as carbon source for cell growth. Twelve isolates expressed nitrate reduction activities. Except for one antarctic isolate BSwlO175 belonging to Actinobacteria phylum, these isolates were classified as γ-Proteobacteria, suggesting that γ-Proteobacteria dominated in cultivable marine bacterioplankton at both poles. Genus Pseudoalteromonas was the predominant group in the Chukchi Sea and the Bering Sea, and genus ShewaneUa dominated in cultivable bacterioplankton in the Prydz Bay. With sequence similarities above 97%, genus Psychrobacter was found at both poles. These 27 isolates were psychrotolerant, and significant 16S rDNA sequence similarities were found not only between arctic and antarctic marine bacteria （ 〉 99% ）, but also between polar marine bacteria and bacteria from other aquatic environments （ ≥ 98.8% ）, including temperate ocean, deep sea, pond and lake, suggesting that in the polar oceans less temperature-sensitive bacteria may be cosmopolitan and have a bipolar, even global, distribution at the species level. 相似文献
20.
The relationship between the flux of exotic benthic foraminiferal tests (i.e. tests which are supplied from open-sea sources alone) in a tidal inlet and that of bulk sediment was analysed, which can be expressed as two first-order linear equations. According to this relationship, in order to determine net sediment transport directions in the entrance, the test concentration in surficial sediments of the tidal basin can be compared against a ‘ critical level ’. The critical level is determined for the conditions that no net transport of bulk sediment is present within the entrance. If the observed concentration (averaged over the tidal basin) is higher than the simulated critical level, then the net sediment transport is directed to landward. This method is applied to the analysis of net sand transport at Christchurch Harbour, a tidal inlet system located in southern England. In this investigation, concentrations of exotic foraminiferal tests in the surficial sediments of the tidal basin and ebb tidal delta area were obtained from the analysis of sea-bed sediment samples. A series of probable critical levels were calculated based upon the data sets with regard to: (1) sediment discharge from the rivers; (2) magnitude of sediment discharge within the entrance during the ebb; (3) the test concentration outside the harbour; (4) the thickness of the moving layer; and (5) two parameters associated with dispersive processes. The results show that the concentration in the tidal basin sediment is higher than a number of simulated critical concentrations for representative cases. Consequently, the high level of the concentration of exotic benthic foraminiferal tests within the harbour should be explained as a result of landward net transport of sands within the entrance. 相似文献