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藏南冈底斯带西段麦拉花岗岩锆石SHRIMP定年及地质意义 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
用SHRIMP测定了冈底斯岩带西段麦拉山口岩体同碰撞黑云母二长花岗岩锆石的U-Pb年龄,黑云母二长花岗岩锆石SHRIMP U-Pb年龄为47.1±1.1Ma。这就为前人提出的雅鲁藏布江地区洋盆闭合、板块开始碰撞的时间为50Ma左右提供了同位素年代学的证据。 相似文献
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内蒙古苏尼特左旗南两类花岗岩同位素年代学及其构造意义 总被引：93，自引：1，他引：92
内蒙古北部索伦缝合带（索伦-苏尼特左旗-锡林浩特）被多数中外学者认为是西伯利亚板块南缘和华北板块北缘的最终缝合带,本文选择该缝合带上苏尼特左旗南两类花岗岩-与俯冲有关和与碰撞有关的岩浆岩（分别叫弧岩浆岩和碰撞岗岩）进行同位素年代学研究,结果表明：（1）弧岩浆活动有两期,分别约为490Ma和310Ma(锆石U-Pb,SHRIMP);碰撞花岗岩的侵位年代在230-250Ma(Rb-Sr全岩和锆石U-Pb);（2）根据本文新的年代学数据,索伦缝合带的最终缝合时间可能是在230-310Ma,这显然不同于国内多数学者坚持的“晚泥盆世碰撞”模式;而Sengor等推测的“晚二又开展碰撞”模式与本文数据一致。 相似文献
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北秦岭早古生代宽坪岩体两期花岗质岩浆锆石U-Pb年代学、地球化学及其地质意义 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
宽坪岩体位于北秦岭造山带东部,岩体主要由片麻状黑云母二长花岗岩和似斑状黑云母二长花岗岩组成。锆石LA-ICP MS U-Pb定年结果表明宽坪岩体可划分为两期:早期为片麻状黑云母二长花岗岩,其锆石U-Pb年龄为448.3±4.5 Ma,该期花岗岩富硅、富碱,属准铝质和高钾钙碱性系列,形成压力较低;晚期为似斑状黑云母二长花岗岩,其锆石U-Pb年龄为421.4±2.5 Ma,该期花岗岩属强过铝质和高钾钙碱性—钙碱性系列。系统的地球化学研究表明,早期的片麻状二长花岗起源于中上地壳(贫斜长石的源区)在H2O饱和条件下发生部分熔融形成的贫Al2O3、富Si O2花岗质岩浆;晚期的似斑状二长花岗岩代表较高温的中—下地壳(杂砂岩或是花岗质片麻岩)发生部分脱水熔融形成的岩浆,这表明北秦岭地区从450~420 Ma经历了从早期的同碰撞阶段到后期的后碰撞阶段。 相似文献
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辽东王家堡子地区出露大量古元古代花岗质岩石,前人将其统称为花岗质混杂岩。通过详细的野外地质调查和室内综合研究,将该套花岗质混杂岩解体为条痕状黑云母二长花岗岩和片麻状黑云母二长花岗岩两类。岩石地球化学分析结果显示二者具有一致的地球化学特征。均显示高SiO_2、富K_2O、贫Al_2O_3的特征,K_2O/Na_2O=0.64～2.14,TiO_2含量为0.16%～0.3%,MnO、MgO、CaO和P_2O_5的含量较低,铝指数A/CNK集中分布在1.06～1.1之间,A/NK在1.50～1.62之间,均属于过铝质高钾钙碱性系列;微量元素显示强烈亏损Nb、Ti、Ta等高场强元素,富集Rb、U、K等大离子亲石元素,具有明显的负Eu异常,具有A型花岗岩的特征。条痕状黑云母二长花岗岩大部分锆石为具有清晰振荡环带的岩浆锆石,LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb年龄为2188±13Ma,代表该岩石的岩浆结晶年龄。片麻状黑云母二长花岗岩大部分锆石具有明显的变质增生边,部分核部锆石具有清晰的振荡环带,LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb测年获得核部年龄为2214±16Ma,代表该岩石的岩浆结晶年龄;增生边年龄为1905±13Ma,应代表该岩石的变质年龄。条痕状黑云母二长花岗岩和片麻状黑云母二长花岗岩的Hf同位素模式年龄分别为2387～2584Ma和2474～2641Ma,平均地壳模式年龄分别为2495～2808Ma和2633～2868Ma,大于岩石形成年龄,暗示研究区古元古代花岗岩源区主要为太古宙基底,混有少量古元古代新生地壳。结合前人报道的埃达克质花岗闪长岩的形成环境,认为胶-辽-吉古元古代造山/活动带早期经历了2.2～2.15Ga的拉伸裂解过程和2.0Ga左右俯冲挤压的构造演化过程。 相似文献
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《地质科技情报》2017,(6)
对湖南中生代的五峰仙岩体进行了锆石SHRIMP U-Pb定年和岩石学、岩石地球化学分析。该岩体主要由印支期的中粒斑状黑云母二长花岗岩、细粒二云母二长花岗岩组成。本次获得黑云母二长花岗岩的锆石U-Pb年龄(233.5±2.5)Ma,表明形成于晚三叠世;结合已发表的岩体年龄资料,五峰仙岩体侵位于236~233.5 Ma和221.6 Ma,具有多阶段岩浆活动特点。五峰仙花岗岩具有高的w(SiO2)、w(P2O5),含过铝质的白云母,表现为弱铝质、强铝质岩石;微量元素方面,大离子元素Rb、Th、U富集,Nb、Ba、Sr、Ti亏损明显,稀土元素配分模式右倾,轻稀土元素富集,Eu亏损相对明显以及高的Rb/Sr比值,为高成熟度陆壳物质重熔的S型花岗岩。黑云母花岗岩中发育暗色微粒包体,具淬冷结构、含长石捕获晶及呈塑形变等特征的包体为岩浆混合成因,该类花岗岩中锆石Hf同位素εHf(t)值较高,为-4.4~0.7,Hf同位素的两阶段模式年龄TDM2值为1 534~1 216Ma,变化范围较大,可能是受幔源岩浆作用所致。五峰仙岩体是在印支板块向华南板块俯冲碰撞期后(变质基底年龄258~243Ma)及华南板块与华北板块的碰撞期间(超高压变质峰期在238~218Ma)华南内陆由挤压向伸展转换的背景下形成的。 相似文献
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内蒙古中部苏尼特左旗富钾花岗岩锆石SHRIMP U-Pb年龄 总被引：12，自引：3，他引：12
精确的锆石SHRIMP U-Pb年龄测定表明,内蒙古苏尼特左旗富钾花岗岩的结晶年龄分别为423Ma±8Ma和424Ma±10Ma.综合区域资料,认为该年龄代表了内蒙古中部志留纪期间发生弧-陆碰撞事件的时限. 相似文献
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云南中甸地区雪鸡坪同碰撞石英闪长玢岩锆石SHRIMP U-Pb定年及其意义 总被引：17，自引：2，他引：17
对金沙江缝合带东侧雪鸡坪同碰撞石英闪长玢岩进行了岩石学、岩石化学、稀土元素、锆石SHRIMP U-Pb定年等研究,石英闪长玢岩锆石SHRIMP U-Pb年龄为215Ma.结合前人的资料,认为金沙江洋盆闭合、板块碰撞的时间应为266Ma,碰撞阶段的年龄范围为266～215Ma.对无老核的岩浆型锆石的形成条件、结构简单的典型纯岩浆型锆石定年的测试点数量等方面也进行了讨论. 相似文献
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腾冲地块江东花岗岩体分布于芒市江东镇—项丘一带,主要由黑云母二长花岗岩组成。该花岗岩锆石LA-ICP-MS U-Pb定年结果表明,锆石U-Pb年龄加权平均值为58.29±0.44 Ma,表明该花岗岩体的形成时代属于古新世。岩石地球化学研究表明,该花岗岩具有中等SiO2(68.66%~73.50%),高碱(K2O+Na2O=6.87%~9.04%),高钾(K2O/Na2O=1.87~2.20),铝饱和指数(A/CNK)为0.97~1.36的特征。岩石属钾玄岩—高钾钙碱性系列,为过铝质S型花岗岩。稀土元素总量(ΣREE)为158.85×10-6~304.26×10-6,稀土元素配分曲线呈右倾型,具有弱到中等程度的负铕异常。根据岩石地球化学特征判别,该花岗岩的源岩可能是富含粘土的变质杂砂岩,在构造体制由挤压向拉张转变的后碰撞环境下部分熔融形成的。江东古新世后碰撞环境黑云母二长花岗岩的形成,预示着印度板块与冈底斯-波密-腾冲板块的主体碰撞在60Ma之前(即古新世初期之前)已经发生。冈底斯-滕冲构造带古新世构造岩浆造山事件与新特提斯洋的闭合及印度板块与冈底斯-滕冲板块间的俯冲、碰撞造山作用密切相关。 相似文献
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S. Viswanathan K. Surya Prakash Rao B. Mahabaleswar 《Journal of the Geological Society of India》2013,82(6):621-627
Komatiites are mantle-derived ultramafic volcanic rocks. Komatiites have been discovered in several States of India, notably in Karnataka. Studies on the distribution of trace-elements in the komatiites of India are very few. This paper proposes a simple, accurate, precise, rapid, and non-destructive wavelength-dispersive x-ray fluorescence (WDXRF) spectrometric technique for determining Sc, V, Cr, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, Rb, Sr, Y, Zr, Nb, Ba, Pb, and Th in komatiites, and discusses the accuracy, precision, limits of detection, x-ray spectral-line interferences, inter-element effects, speed, advantages, and limitations of the technique. The accuracy of the technique is excellent (within 3%) for Sc, V, Cr, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, Rb, Sr, Zr, Nb, Ba, Pb, and Th and very good (within 4%) for Y. The precision is also excellent (within 3%) for Sc, V, Cr, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, Rb, Sr, Y, Zr, Nb, Ba, Pb, and Th. The limits of detection are: 1 ppm for Sc and V; 2 ppm for Cr, Co, and Ni; 3 ppm for Cu, Zn, Rb, and Sr; 4 ppm for Y and Zr; 6 ppm for Nb; 10 ppm for Ba; 13 ppm for Pb; and 14 ppm for Th. The time taken for determining Sc, V, Cr, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, Rb, Sr, Y, Zr, Nb, Ba, Pb, and Th in a batch of 24 samples of komatiites, for a replication of four analyses per sample, by one operator, using a manual WDXRF spectrometer, is only 60 hours. 相似文献
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E. M. Prasolov S. A. Sergeev B. V. Belyatsky E. S. Bogomolov K. A. Gruzdov I. N. Kapitonov R. Sh. Krymsky V. O. Khalenev 《Geochemistry International》2018,56(1):46-64
This paper reports the first results of a study of 11 isotope systems (3He/4He, 40Ar/36Ar, 34S/32S, 65Cu/63Cu, 62Ni/60Ni, 87Sr/86Sr, 143Nd/144Nd, 206–208Pb/204Pb, Hf–Nd, U–Pb, and Re–Os) in the rocks and ores of the Cu–Ni–PGE deposits of the Norilsk ore district. Almost all the results were obtained at the Center of Isotopic Research of the Karpinskii All-Russia Research Institute of Geology. The use of a number of independent genetic isotopic signatures and comprehensive isotopic knowledge provided a methodic basis for the interpretation of approximately 5000 isotopic analyses of various elements. The presence of materials from two sources, crust and mantle, was detected in the composition of the rocks and ores. The contribution of the crustal source is especially significant in the paleofluids (gas–liquid microinclusions) of the ore-forming medium. Crustal solutions were probably a transport medium during ore formation. Air argon is dominant in the ores, which indicates a connection between the paleofluids and the atmosphere. This suggests intense groundwater circulation during the crystallization of ore minerals. The age of the rocks and ores of the Norilsk deposits was determined. The stage of orebody formation is restricted to a narrow age interval of 250 ± 10 Ma. An isotopic criterion was proposed for the ore-bearing potential of mafic intrusions in the Norilsk–Taimyr region. It includes several interrelated isotopic ratios of various elements: He, Ar, S, and others. 相似文献
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奥地利安东帕有限公司 《岩矿测试》2009,28(3):306-306
最新的流行病学研究表明,空气中较高浓度的悬浮细颗粒可能对人类的健康有不利的影响。根据该项研究显示,由于心脏病、慢性呼吸问题和肺功能指标恶化而导致死亡率的升高与细尘粒子有关。这些研究结果已经促使欧盟于1999年4月出台了限制空气中二氧化硫、二氧化氮、氧化氮、铅和颗粒物含量的法案(1999/30/EC),对各项指标包括对可吸入PM10颗粒的浓度提出了新的限制性指标。PM10颗粒是指可以通过预分级器分离采集的气体动力学直径小于10μm的细颗粒。目前研究的兴趣重点逐步偏向PM2.5这些更细微颗粒物,PM2.5这种颗粒物对健康有明显的不利影响。在欧盟指令2008/50/EC中,对PM10和PM2.5都提 相似文献
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Mining induced subsidence can significantly affect mining costs where major surface facilities and natural environment need to be protected. Overburden grout injection is a technology used to control coal mine subsidence by injecting the mine waste material extracted from the coal back into the inter-burden rock during longwall mining. The flowing slurry is here categorised as a nonlinear viscous cohesive (Bingham plastic) fluid. During longwall mining the grout slurry is pumped into the separated beds of the rock mass through a central vertical borehole, which is drilled deep into the inter-burden rock strata above the coal seam. However, a blockage can occur in the injection system when the slurry velocity falls below a certain critical threshold velocity, indicating a material phase change from cohesive-viscous to cohesive-frictional. In situ field injection tests through boreholes have been simulated at a smaller scale at the CSIRO laboratory in Brisbane by pumping the slurry through a radial disk (gap = 4 mm) from its centre. Laboratory experiments indicate a general, nonlinear, cohesive, viscous, frictional model for shear behaviour of the slurry, in which the material shear parameters are functions of the disk radial distance. Complete dimensional and dimensionless analytical solutions have been developed based on an approach related to Bingham–Herschel–Bulkley fluid mechanics. The derived formulae include relations for minimum pump pressure, local pressure and pressure gradient, wall shear stress, volume rate, velocity and velocity gradient. The theoretical results match the experimental measurements. The experiments covered slurries with maximum particle sizes of 0.5 to 2 mm with about 50% being larger than 100 µm. The viscosities at the various solids concentrations were measured with a standard torsion viscometer. This study differs from the previous research in several distinct aspects, namely, consideration of the variable shear parameters rather than fixed values, inclusion of total nonlinear behaviour, and implementation of a friction function to mimic behaviour of the deposited and consolidating stiff slurry, which can cause a significant pressure rise as a result of the increased shear resistance. 相似文献
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Alexander E. C. Broberg J. S. Kehren A. R. Graziani M. M. Turri W. L. 《Environmental Geology》1993,22(4):353-361
Bellechester, Minnesota, is a small community of approximately 155 residents located on the county line between Goodhue and Wabasha counties in southeast Minnesota's karst region. Bellechester is served by a 21-year-old wastewater treatment facility (WWTF) consisting of three waste-stabilization ponds. On 28 April 1992 six sinkholes were discovered to have drained cell 2 of the WWTF resulting in the loss of approximately 8.7×106 1 of partially treated effluent and about 600 m3 of soil into previously undetected subsurface voids of unknown dimensions. In the week following the collapse, approximately 200 water wells located within a 5-km radius of the WWTF were sampled in an after-the-fact, emergency sampling program. Twelve samples with elevated fecal coliform levels, 18 samples with nitrate-nitrogen greater than the 10 mg/1 standard, and no samples with elevated chlorides were found. However, the elevated levels could not be unambiguously attributed to the WWTF collapse. This is the third WWTF to fail by sinkhole collapse in southeast Minnesota since 1974. All three collapsed lagoons have been located in similar geomorphic and stratigraphic settings. However, at least two lagoons have collapsed in the adjacent area in northeast Iowa, and these lagoons are located at different stratigraphic positions. Twenty-two WWTFs constructed in southeast Minnesota's karst region in the last 25 years have been identified as subject to potential sinkhole collapse. An unknown but significant number of manure storage lagoons, flood control structures, etc., have also been constructed in the karst region and are at risk. Public agencies are beginning to develop plans to deal with the risk associated with existing and future waste lagoons in this environment. The critical hydrogeologic parameters that can be used to prioritize the risk of collapse at existing facilities include: (1) the lithology of the first bedrock beneath each lagoon, (2) the thickness of surficial materials between the lagoon and the bedrock surface, (3) the presence and construction of liners (seepage rate), and (4) the proximity to existing sinkholes. 相似文献
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岩石密度和超高压岩石折返速率 总被引：1，自引：3，他引：1
在常温常压条件下对中国大陆科学钻CCSD主孔100-3000米岩心样品进行了密度测量,建立了密度连续剖面,并界定了不同超高压岩石的密度值。通过对比高温高压物性实验资料,岩石密度随着退变程度增强而降低,榴辉岩密度变化序列为3.52g/cm3→3.49g/cm3→3.07g/cm3→2.93g/cm3。超高压长英质岩石密度变化序列为3.00g/cm→2.80g/cm3→2.65g/cm3。上述实验资料是讨论不同折返阶段岩石所受浮力的基础,为研究折返速率大小提供了基本参数。本文通过折返板块运动平衡时,上浮力与粘滞力平衡这一关系式,定量研究了大陆俯冲板块的折返速率,认为密度差产生上浮力从而引起折返,温度对板块折返速率的影响最为显著;密度差大小、折返角度、折返板块大小对折返速率也有直接的影响。定量模拟分析表明,在温度高于850℃时,板块的折返速率可以超过100mm/a;当温度降至700℃时,折返速率则低于1.5mm/a。作者认为在折返早期,温度较高,板块快速折返至60-70km榴辉岩相深度;随着传导散热,温度降低,板块以较慢的速率折返至中下地壳。折返速率的估算表明,浮力是板块折返第一阶段(从>100km深部折返至<40km的中下地壳)的主要驱动力。 相似文献
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Mercury,arsenic, antimony,and selenium contents of sediment from the Kuskokwim River,Bethel, Alaska,USA 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
The Kuskokwim River at Bethel, Alaska, drains a major mercury-antimony metallogenic province in its upper reaches and tributaries. Bethel (population 4000) is situated on the Kuskokwim floodplain and also draws its water supply from wells located in river-deposited sediment. A boring through overbank and floodplain sediment has provided material to establish a baseline datum for sediment-hosted heavy metals. Mercury (total), arsenic, antimony, and selenium contents were determined; aluminum was also determined and used as normalizing factor. The contents of the heavy metals were relatively constant with depth and do not reflect any potential enrichment from upstream contaminant sources. 相似文献