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1.
广西那坡裂陷盆地位于右江盆地南缘,晚古生代该盆地广泛分布包括硅质岩、泥岩和海相玄武岩在内的深水相沉积.对盆地内上泥盆统榴江组和中下二叠统四大寨组硅质岩地球化学特征研究表明,硅质岩SiO2含量为88.55%~99.03%,PAAS组成含量小于20%,指示其含有较低的陆源碎屑组成.硅质岩的Al/(Al+Fe+Mn)值为0.45~0.94,Eu/Eu*值为0.51~0.95,为非热液成因硅质岩.除去SiO2稀释作用的影响后,硅质岩具有较高的稀土元素含量(∑REE+Y含量相当于PAAS组成的2~5倍),指示其形成于相对远离陆源供应的环境.岩信和鱼塘上泥盆统榴江组硅质岩具有中等的Ce负异常(Ce/Ce*值分别为0.37~0.72和0.58~0.89)以及较明显的Y正异常(Y/Ho值分别为39.05~83.74和34.33~36.70),形成于远离陆源的开阔裂谷盆地环境.鱼塘中下二叠统四大寨组硅质岩具有明显的Ce负异常(Ce/Ce*值为0.12~0.33),显示成熟洋盆的地球化学特征.结合右江其他地区硅质岩的地球化学特征认为,晚古生代硅质岩的地球化学特征记录了右江盆地从晚泥盆世裂谷盆地到早中二叠世扩张为开阔洋盆的过程. 相似文献
2.
黔南罗甸地区中晚泥盆世广泛发育深水相沉积硅质岩、灰岩,其建造类型明显不同于增生型或岛弧型硅质岩,属于一种特殊的硅质岩建造类型。对罗甸蒙江(中、上泥盆统)和过石寨(中泥盆统)42件硅质岩类样品进行岩石学、矿物学以及主量和稀土元素地球化学研究,结果表明,中泥盆世硅质沉积物Al_2O_3(0.62%~22.1%)、TiO_2(0.01%~0.84%)、Fe_2O_3(0.41%~10.5%)、∑REE(7.87×10~(-6)~319×10~(-6))、Ce/Ce*(0.51~0.96)值整体偏高,而Y/Ho值(26.6~37.0,平均30.8)和(La/Ce)N值(1.06~1.99,平均1.28)相对较低。晚泥盆世硅质沉积物的Al_2O_3(2.42%~10.6%)、TiO_2(0.06%~0.43%)、Fe_2O_3(0.62%~2.65%)、∑REE(28.7×10~(-6)~163×10~(-6))、Ce/Ce*(0.45~0.82)值则相对偏低,而Y/Ho值(28.2~36.7,平均34.2)和(La/Ce)N值(1.34~2.34,平均1.82)相对升高。除去SiO_2稀释作用影响,区内硅质沉积物稀土元素含量及来源变化均大,其中上泥盆统硅质沉积物中(∑REE+Y)除部分来自陆源碎屑外,更多地从海水中获取。结合Al2O_3/TiO_2-Al(Al+Fe+Mn)、Al-Fe-Mn和(∑REE+Y)-SiO_2/Al_2O_3图解,以及主量和稀土元素地球化学特征,认为罗甸中晚泥盆世硅质沉积物为正常海相沉积,从中泥盆世到晚泥盆世,沉积环境已由较为局限的边缘裂谷盆地向开阔的边缘裂谷盆地转化。这对深刻认识水城-紫云-南丹晚古生代裂陷盆地,以及右江盆地在中晚泥盆世的发展、演化过程均具有重要意义。 相似文献
3.
广东1/5万《隆街公社幅》区域地质调查在粤东北连平地区新填绘出早寒武世牛角河组,并在其浅变质岩系中发现多层薄层状硅质岩。岩性为放射虫硅质岩和含黏土质硅质岩,放射虫硅质岩呈灰黑、灰白色,硅质含量65%~70%,放射虫含量25%~30%。硅质岩SiO2含量82.79%~94.30%,Al2O3和TiO2含量分别为2.43%~10.12%和0.12%~0.48%,TFe2O3为0.46%~1.59%,Al/(Al+Fe+Mn)值为0.55~0.91,表明其硅质主要来源于生物本身或其生命活动产物,为生物成因硅质岩;稀土元素PAAS标准化曲线近水平,δEu为0.90~1.02,ΣREE(均值79.28)低于PAAS的ΣREE;LREE/HREE(均值8.47)和LaN/YbN值(均值1.36)大于1,表明陆源物质对硅质岩形成有一定影响;Ce负异常(δCe平均值为0.80),Y无异常(Y/Ho均值26.39)和较低的MnO/TiO2值(均值0.014)、较高的V/(V+Ni)值(均值0.96),表明硅质岩形成于大陆边缘贫氧沉积环境。牛角河组浅变质岩碎屑物颗粒总体较细,上部岩性以硅质、泥质板岩为主,进一步反映了区域寒武纪早期为浅海陆棚至大陆斜坡相沉积环境。 相似文献
4.
湘中震旦纪—寒武纪之交硅质岩地球化学特征及成因环境研究 总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5
震旦纪(埃迪卡拉纪)—寒武纪之交华南地块处在伸展扩张的构造背景下,在扬子板块东南缘发育了广泛的硅质岩沉积。湘中地区发育了自震旦系陡山沱组、留茶坡组及寒武系牛蹄塘组连续的深水相沉积,岩性以层状硅质岩为主,夹炭质、硅质页岩。通过对硅质岩的主量、稀土元素的地球化学特征分析表明,本区硅质岩Si O2含量极高(普遍92%),Al/(Al+Fe+Mn)比值普遍大于0.6,稀土元素澳大利亚后太古代平均页岩(PAAS)标准化配分曲线显示中—弱Ce负异常且有明显的重稀土富集特征。震旦纪陡山沱期硅质岩样品中Ce/Ce*值、LaN/YbN值、Y/Ho值分别为0.34~0.54、0.05~0.10、38.00~51.44;灯影期硅质岩样品中Ce/Ce*值、LaN/YbN值、Y/Ho值分别为0.70~0.85、0.06~0.37、35.91~46.79;寒武纪初期硅质岩样品中的稀土元素地球化学特征与灯影期相似,Ce/Ce*值、LaN/YbN值、Y/Ho值分别为0.58~0.78、0.26~0.40、34.75~45.58。湘中地区震旦纪—寒武纪之交的硅质岩地球化学特征显示本期硅质岩为正常的海水沉积成因,整体受热液和陆源影响较小,但从震旦纪陡山沱期至寒武纪初期陆源输入有增加趋势,硅质来源可能与硅质浮游生物有关,硅质岩沉积环境始终保持在深水盆地中,湘中地区沉积盆地符合被动大陆边缘伸展型盆地特征。 相似文献
5.
赣南崇义-永新地区上奥陶统硅质岩地球化学特征及其地质意义 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
赣南崇义-永新地区上奥陶统陇溪组为一套黑色硅质岩、碳质板岩为主的地层,富含放射虫化石。硅质岩地球化学分析表明,硅质岩w(SiO2)为84.91%~94.01%,PASS组分质量分数小于30%,指示其含有较低的陆源碎屑组分。永新陇溪剖面硅质岩具有较高的Al/(Al+Fe+Mn)值(0.55~0.79)和Al2O3/TiO2(20.19~25.30)值,为正常的海相非热液沉积,崇义黄背剖面上部硅质岩Al/(Al+Fe+Mn)值(0.45~0.57)和Al2O3/TiO2(7.83~10.25)值明显减小,为含基性火山碎屑非热液成因。赣南陇溪组硅质岩Ce/Ce*值为0.82~1.02,Y/Ho值为24.44~26.68,均形成于大陆边缘环境,其中永新陇溪剖面硅质岩∑REE+Y质量分数与PASS组分相近,崇义黄背剖面硅质岩∑REE+Y质量分数大部分是PASS组分的2~3倍,指示崇义硅质岩形成的环境更加开阔,这些硅质岩中的陆源组分可能来自于赣中古陆。 相似文献
6.
陕西富平上奥陶统赵老峪组发育了一套与深水碳酸盐岩伴生的硅质岩沉积，其地化特征对揭示硅质来源及构造背景等具有重要意义.在研究区地层野外剖面实测、硅质岩岩石地化分析基础上，研究了该区硅质岩硅质来源及构造环境.赵老峪组岩性以深灰色薄板状灰岩为主，夹层状放射虫硅质岩、砾屑灰岩、砂屑灰岩、含斑块灰岩和火山凝灰岩，其中硅质岩呈隐晶质－微晶质，含放射虫化石.样品Al/（Al+Fe+Mn）均值0.68，MnO/TiO2均值0.18，ΣREE均值46.41，δCe均值0.95，δEu均值1.13，LaN/YbN均值1.15，LaN/CeN均值1.08，显示大陆边缘的构造环境，硅质来源主要为陆源来源.结果表明赵老峪组硅质岩发育于奥陶纪扬子板块向华北板块俯冲背景下，形成于华北地块南缘与北秦岭之间的二郎坪弧后前陆盆地北部大陆边缘. 相似文献
7.
对采自羌塘盆地角木日地区的二叠系碳酸盐岩,包括下二叠统展金组白云岩和中二叠统龙格组灰岩进行了元素地球
化学分析,并讨论了其对古沉积环境的指示意义。结果表明,样品Y/Ho比值平均为45.14,Gd表现为轻微Gd正异常,符合
海相灰岩特征;SiO2和Al2O3的平均含量较低,反映研究区陆源物质的侵入较为有限。碳酸盐岩中ΣREE含量较低,稀土元
素分异程度整体较弱,轻稀土元素相对重稀土元素呈轻微富集特征,Ce,Eu均具有明显负异常,结合V/Cr,V/(V+Ni),Sr/
Ba及Sr/Ca等微量元素含量及比值特征认为,研究区早-中二叠世沉积期海水总体呈氧化环境。纵向上龙格组顶部表现出氧
化性增强、盐度增大的趋势,推测可能与当时水体变浅有关,与早二叠世晚期研究区构造应力由拉张向挤压的变化有密切
关系。 相似文献
8.
重庆石柱吴家坪组硅质岩地球化学特征 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
重庆石柱上二叠统吴家坪组硅质岩广泛发育。通过野外剖面的观察和硅质岩主量、稀土及同位素的分析,认为吴家坪组硅质岩为受到热水影响的生物成因。其化学成份以SiO2为主,质量分数为65.52%~97.76%,富集Fe,Mn等元素,Al/(Al+Fe+Mn)平均值为0.38,但约一半样品的Al/(Al+Fe+Mn)比值接近于纯生物成因的比值;REE总量平均值为38.55×10-6,δCe值为0.48~0.93,为中-弱负异常,δEu值为0.70~1.12,无明显的正负异常;δ30Si的值为0.7‰~1.4‰,更多地接近(或高于)现代放射虫的δ30Si;根据δ18O计算出硅质岩形成时古海水的温度为45℃~95℃。硅质岩的形成与火山活动和断裂有关,下渗的海水与岩浆热液混合,并被加温,溶解了大量SiO2等;然后以热泉形式通过断裂喷出,使附近海水中SiO2含量极大提高,促使放射虫和海绵等硅质生物大量繁殖,最终形成生物硅质岩沉淀下来。 相似文献
9.
桂北泗里口老堡组硅质岩的常量、稀土元素特征及成因指示 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
桂北泗里口老堡组为一套埃迪卡拉纪—寒武纪过渡时期（大约550～540 Ma）深水盆地沉积的硅质岩。它们的SiO2含量普遍高（平均93.8%）;Al2O3含量为0.17%～4.92%,沿剖面自下而上明显增加,上部超过2%;Al/(Al+Fe+Mn)比值多高于0.42;Fe/Ti比值大都小于16.3;Al2O3/( Al2O3+Fe2O3)比值多高于0.4,剖面上部样品的比值为0.8～0.9;Y/Ho比值为26.4～36.9,中、下部样品较高（多高于32）,上部样品的比值接近地壳值（27）;Eu/Eu*平均值为1.0,正异常不明显。剖面下部样品的∑REE含量低（15.9×10-6～27.1×10-6）,具有与现代海水相近的REE配分,没有正的Eu异常,不同于海底的热液流体和与其有关的碧玉的REE配分;中部样品的∑REE含量为26.2×10-6～49.4×10-6,由于所含陆源碎屑的增加,REE配分变得平坦,但仍有海水REE的某些特征;上部样品的∑REE含量为40.5×10-6～59×10-6,显示与平均页岩相似的平坦的REE配分,但∑REE含量仅为平均页岩的大约1/4～1/3。这些常量和稀土元素特征表明,海底热液和陆源碎屑都不可能成为泗里口老堡组硅质岩的重要物源。埃迪卡拉纪—寒武纪过渡时期华南深水盆地厚层硅质岩沉积反映了这一时期大气高CO2浓度,大量陆源化学风化的硅质流入海洋和大量生物的降解可能是造成这些硅质岩形成的基本原因。 相似文献
10.
鄂西地区的上奥陶统五峰组、下志留统龙马溪组下部、下二叠统孤峰组和上二叠统大隆组中发育有薄层硅质岩。二叠系栖霞组、茅口组和吴家坪组灰岩中发育有结核状或似层状燧石。Fe Al Mn三角图 ,Cu、Ni、Co、Cr、Zr的关系 ,U Th判别图 ,Ba、As、Sb元素和REE配分模式等地球化学指标表明 :五峰组和龙马溪组层状硅质岩属于正常海水中生物化学和化学沉积 ;孤峰组和大隆组层状硅质岩、茅口组灰岩中燧石结核不属于典型的热水沉积相 ,但受热水作用的影响 ,而孤峰组硅质岩受热水作用明显。鄂西五峰组和龙马溪组硅质岩的沉积环境是四周被古陆或台地环绕的半封闭深水相滞流盆地。鄂西孤峰组和大隆组硅质岩的沉积环境是由裂陷作用形成的碳酸盐台地内部的盆地(或台沟 )滞流还原环境。CaO/(Fe +CaO)值和 (MgO/Al2 O3 )× 10 0值表明 :五峰组、龙马溪组和大隆组硅质岩沉积环境海水略有淡化。栖霞组、茅口组和吴家坪组含结核状或似层状燧石的生物灰岩 ,形成于陆棚上快速海侵和上升洋流形成的还原环境。 相似文献
11.
东濮凹陷北部沙三中亚段广泛发育盐岩和烃源岩,这两个看似不能共存的物质却在这里互层共生。该时期研究区沉积特征为多盐韵律与多层烃源岩互层共生、连续沉积,单个盐韵律厚度从几米到十几米,烃源岩有机质丰度高、类型好。平面上,两者在湖盆沉积沉降中心共生;垂向上,高有机质丰度、好干酪根类型与高盐度地层具有较好的对应关系。因而成为恢复古气候和古环境的重要研究对象。通过岩石学、古生物学以及Sr/Ba、B/Ga、(V+Ni+Mn)、Fe/Mn、Sr/Cu、Mg/Ca、V/(V+Ni)、稀土元素含量和氯同位素等方法对凹陷北部沙三中亚段的沉积环境进行研究。结果表明,凹陷北部沙三中亚段为深水沉积的还原环境,古盐度较高,达到半咸水-咸水沉积;微量元素和孢粉化石特征表明研究区沙三中亚段为温暖潮湿的环境。 相似文献
12.
The Importance of the Precipitation and the Susceptibility of the Slopes for the Triggering of Landslides Along the Roads 总被引：3，自引：1，他引：2
Clemente Irigaray Francisco Lamas Rachid El Hamdouni Tomás Fernández José Chacón 《Natural Hazards》2000,21(1):65-81
In order to characterise the influence of the heavyrains on the observed landslides during the 1996–1997hydrological cycle, rainfall records for the last 100years are analysed from 104 stations in easternAndalusia. Regarding the amounts of rain recordedbetween October 1996 and March 1997 in the 104stations studied, 31 presented new all-time records;15 presented values that were 80–100% of thepre-1995 record; 49 stations, 80–50%; and 9stations, < 50%. A map has been devised of thesusceptibility of the materials through which thesouth-eastern Andalusian road network crosses,together with an inventory of the damage caused byinstability phenomena on banks and cuttings of theroad network during the winter of 1996–1997. Therelationships between the rainfall during the studyperiod, the damage caused to the road network and thesusceptibility of the materials affected are analysed.The results indicate that there is a clearcorrespondence between the rainfall recorded and thesusceptibility of the materials with the inventorieddamage. It is concluded that the widespread seriousdamage caused in early 1997 to the roads andsurrounding areas in the Alpujarra region and thecoast of the Province of Granada was mainly caused bythe extraordinarily heavy rains. However, considerablyless damage was observed where the susceptibility ofthe terrain is low, thus highlighting the extremeusefulness of terrain-susceptibility maps for riskprevention and territorial planning. 相似文献
13.
郯庐断裂南段研究进展与断裂性质讨论 总被引：13，自引：3，他引：13
据1：5万区域地质调查和专题研究资料，就郯庐断裂带是否南延与消失的原因，其与大别—苏鲁造山带交截形成的假位错效应，以及与中新生代沉积盆地形成演化的关系等作了新的阐述。在此基础上，讨论了郯庐断裂带是否为巨大的左行平移断层或转换断层。认为郯庐断裂带可能是在“古郯庐带”的基础上于早侏罗世重新活动、白垩纪强烈活动的地堑型枢纽断裂带。 相似文献
14.
Guboglo M. N. 《GeoJournal》1980,4(1):53-58
International unity is becoming ever stronger in this country owing to an increasing similarity in the development of the cultural environment. This comprises the provision of all the country's republics with a sufficient number of schools, theatres, and other institutions and cultural information media in accordance with the needs of the population. An important part is played by the rise in ‘the general educational level, as well as the level of professional qualifications and skills. Among all the Soviet nations and nationalities, this rise being more rapid among formerly backward peoples. Prominent among the factors of internationalization is the progressive development of the nationalities’ cultural resources, while professional culture is being increasingly brought within the reach of the masses.The implementation of the nationalities policy promotes the all-round development of all Soviet nations and nationalities, their drawing together, the upsurge of the individual capabilities of every Soviet citizen. 相似文献
15.
16.
某高速公路下伏煤矿采空区稳定性分析 总被引：10，自引：0，他引：10
在论述某高速公路下伏砦脖煤矿采空区地质、采矿和工程地质特征的基础上, 进行了稳定性数值模拟分析, 定性与定量地分析与评价了该煤矿采空区的地表变形特征及稳定性。研究结果表明: 该煤矿采空区的变形尚未完成, 对拟建的高速公路将产生很大的危害, 必须采取相应的工程治理措施。 相似文献
17.
Jiayu Rong Michael Melchin S. Henry Williams Tatyana N. Koren Jacques Verniers 《《幕》》2008,31(3):315-318
The Global Stratotype Section and Point （GSSP） for the base of the Silurian System was defined in 1985. Since that time, a number of researchers have suggested that this section has serious deficiencies for use as a GSSP. As a result, in 2000, the Subcommission on Silurian Stratigraphy （SSS） proposed undertaking a formal restu@ of this GSSP, which was subsequently approved by the International Commission of Stratigraphy （ICS）. The result of this restudy was the formal proposal that the current GSSP, at 1.6 m above the base of the Birkhill Shale, at Dob＇s Linn, Scotland, should be maintained as the same locality and stratigraphic level, but the bios- tratigraphical definition of the boundary should be revised. The previously defined, basal Silurian grapto- lite zone, the Parakidograptus acuminatus Zone, should be subdivided into a lower Akidograptus ascensus Zone and a higher E acuminatus Zone. The base of the A. ascensus Zone, marked by the first appearance of A. ascensus, should be regarded as the biostratigraphic mark for the base of the Silurian. This proposal has now been formally approved by the SSS and ICS, and ratified by International Union of Geological Sciences. This is the first GSSP to undergo formal restudy and redefini- tion, and the proposal also included a recommended procedure for restudy of GSSPs. 相似文献
18.
Dean S. Oliver 《Mathematical Geology》1998,30(7):911-933
In reservoir characterization, the covariance is often used to describe the spatial correlation and variation in rock properties or the uncertainty in rock properties. The inverse of the covariance, on the other hand, is seldom discussed in geostatistics. In this paper, I show that the inverse is required for simulation and estimation of Gaussian random fields, and that it can be identified with the differential operator in regularized inverse theory. Unfortunately, because the covariance matrix for parameters in reservoir models can be extremely large, calculation of the inverse can be a problem. In this paper, I discuss four methods of calculating the inverse of the covariance, two of which are analytical, and two of which are purely numerical. By taking advantage of the assumed stationarity of the covariance, none of the methods require inversion of the full covariance matrix. 相似文献
19.
Deviation of the major axis of the inertia ellipsoid of the Moon from the direction toward the Earth
B. P. Kondratyev 《Astronomy Reports》2017,61(8):709-714
It is known from observations that the center of mass of the Moon does not coincide with the geometric center of its figure, and the line connecting these two centers is not aligned with the direction toward the center of the Earth, instead deviating toward the Southeast. This stationary deviation of the axis of the inertia ellipsoid of the Moon to the South of the direction toward the Earth is analyzed. A system of five linear differential equations describing the physical libration of the Moon in latitude is considered, and these equations are derived using a new vector method taking into account perturbations from the Earth and partly from the Sun. The characteristic equation of this system is obtained, and all five oscillation frequencies are found. Special attention is paid to the fifth (zero) frequency, for which the solution of the latitude libration equations are stationary and represents a previously unknown additional motion of the rotational axis of theMoon in a cone with a small opening angle. In contrast to the astronomical precession of the Earth, the rotation of the angular-velocity vector is in the positive direction (counter-clockwise), with the period T 3 = 27.32 days. On this basis, this phenomenon has been named “quasi-precession.” This quasi-precession leads to a stationary inclination of the major axis of the inertia ellipsoid of theMoon to the South (for an observer on Earth), making it possible to explain one component of the observed deviation of the center of mass of the Moon from the direction toward the Earth. The opening angle of the quasiprecession cone is approximately 0.834″. 相似文献
20.
正Artemia cysts are an extremely important component of aquaculture diets.It is well established that the cultivation of fish and shellfish derive substantial health and growth advantages when Artemia are included in the diets of the 相似文献