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海相地层或海相碳酸盐岩烃源岩地球化学评价的焦点问题之一是如何鉴定有机质丰度下限和划分有效烃源岩与非有效烃源岩.江汉盆地海相地层烃源岩的地球化学研究表明,在有机质成熟演化过程中,烃源岩有机碳(TOC)含量不会有明显的降低,有机碳含量是有机质丰度评价的有效地球化学指标.参考国内外有关碳酸盐岩烃源岩有机质丰度的评价标准,结合本区油气显示,该高演化区有效碳酸盐岩烃源岩有机碳的下限值为0.2%～0.3%,二叠系烃源岩为有效烃源岩. 相似文献
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通过对富县地区延长组长6~长9原油及烃源岩的地球化学特征综合对比分析,认为研究区存在长7、长9两套有效烃源岩。长7烃源岩有机质类型为Ⅰ~Ⅱ1型,长9烃源岩的有机类型为Ⅱ1~Ⅱ2型。长7、长9烃源岩中Ts相对含量高于Tm,均达到成熟阶段。长7烃源岩五环三萜烷中C30藿烷丰度相对高于C29藿烷丰度,C30RH/C29Ts2,长7形成于还原环境;长9烃源岩中C30藿烷丰度与C29藿烷丰度基本相似,C30RH/C29Ts2,表明长9为弱氧化-弱还原环境。长6原油饱/芳比值较低,长8原油饱/芳比值较高,说明长6原油和长8原油不同源。长7烃源岩与长9烃源岩在生物标志化合物特征上有明显区别。规则甾烷C27-C28-C29αααR指纹分布样式上,长7呈现"L"型,长9呈现偏"V"型与反"L"型,长8原油呈现偏"V"型分布。研究区长8原油主要来源于长9烃源岩。 相似文献
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西藏南羌塘盆地侏罗系烃源岩地球化学特征 总被引：4，自引：1，他引：3
依据剖面露头样品的实验测试资料,通过Rock-Eval岩石评价、显微镜下观察、镜质体反射率、烃源岩可溶有机质特征、单体烃碳同位素等分析方法,对南羌塘盆地侏罗系烃源岩地球化学特征进行综合研究。研究结果表明:南羌塘盆地侏罗系烃源岩有机质丰度较低,总体上夏里组泥质烃源岩要好于布曲组和索瓦组碳酸盐岩烃源岩;烃源岩的有机质类型较好,主要为Ⅱ1型,并且反映出烃源岩形成于具一定盐度的较强还原环境,其有机质以海相低等水生生物为主;烃源岩的热演化程度总体较高,达到高成熟阶段。正构烷烃单体烃碳同位素分析表明,侏罗系各组烃源岩之间在母质输入上可能存在较大差异,该地区白云岩油苗与夏里组泥质烃源岩有很强亲缘关系。 相似文献
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针对蟠龙油田延长组烃源岩存在争议的事实,此次采集了该区延长组野外露头、井下暗色泥岩和原油样品并进行了地球化学分析,旨在厘定延长组烃源岩的分布及生烃潜力,探讨延长组石油来源。研究表明,蟠龙油田延长组烃源岩主要为发育在长7油层组中下部的"张家滩页岩",虽然平均厚度仅为10m,但其有机质类型主要为Ⅱ1型,有机质丰度较高,已达到成熟演化阶段,为好的有效烃源岩。长1、长4+5、长6油层组暗色泥岩地球化学指标显示以差-非烃源岩为主,极少样品为好的烃源岩,总体成藏意义较小。长7烃源岩与本区延长组原油具有很好的可比性,证实了蟠龙油田延长组原油主要为本地烃源岩的贡献,并非湖盆中心长7烃源岩生成的石油长距离侧向运移结果,延长组石油的分布主要为近源垂向运聚成藏。 相似文献
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藏北羌塘盆地石炭系烃源岩的发现
及其油气地质意义 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
羌塘盆地的油气大多源于侏罗系,所以长期以来烃源岩的研究主要以侏罗系为重点。古生代烃源岩露头在羌塘盆地分布较少,因而其生烃能力一直未引起足够的重视。依据剖面露头样品的实验测试资料,通过 Rock-Eval岩石评价、显微镜下观察、镜质体反射率、烃源岩可溶有机质特征等分析方法 , 对羌塘盆地双湖地区新发现的石炭系烃源岩地球化学特征进行综合研究。结果表明,羌塘盆地石炭系烃源岩有机质丰度较高,烃源岩的有机质类型较好,主要为Ⅱ1型,并且烃源岩形成于具一定盐度的较强还原环境,其有机质以海相低等水生生物为主。烃源岩的热演化程度总体较高,达到过成熟阶段。石炭系烃源岩的发现填补了羌塘盆地古生代烃源岩领域研究的空白,为油气勘探指出了新地层和新领域,对整个羌塘盆地油气资源评价具有重要意义。 相似文献
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为解决六盘山盆地白垩系马东山组生烃潜力不明、烃源岩演化不清等问题,依据岩心有机地球化学分析测试数据,对宁固参1井烃源岩的有机质丰度、类型、成熟度进行了研究,评价了马东山组烃源岩的生烃潜力。结果表明：马东山组烃源岩有机质丰度中等—低,类型主要为Ⅱ2型和Ⅲ型,热演化程度处于低成熟—成熟阶段,以生油为主。该研究结果对六盘山盆地的烃源岩地球化学特征、生烃潜力评价、预测油气有利区具有指导作用。 相似文献
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利用石膏产状研究汶东盐湖相沉积与烃源岩特征 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
根据石膏矿物类型和产状以及其它相标志,对汶东凹陷汶ZK16 钻孔的古近系盐湖相地层进行了沉积相分析,并结合有机地球化学分析,对不同沉积相的烃源岩开展了地球化学评价。汶东凹陷石膏矿物组合较好的反映了古盐湖沉积环境、水深、盐度和底水含氧量等的变化,不同的石膏矿物组合对应着不同的沉积相和不同质量的烃源岩,其中干化泥坪相和盐化泥坪相石膏矿物组合以分散胶结状和结核状为主,其烃源岩有机质丰度较低,发育非烃源岩到差烃源岩;干盐湖相石膏矿物组合以肠状石膏和透镜状石膏为主,烃源岩有机质丰度较高,发育好到优质烃源岩;而深水盐湖相石膏矿物以纹层状石膏为主,烃源岩有机质丰度高,总体达到优质烃源岩的标准。据此,建立了盐湖相烃源岩的发育模式。该模式对于中国第三系盐湖烃源岩,特别是高演化程度的盐湖相烃源岩原始烃源岩类型研究具有重要的指导意义。 相似文献
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Guboglo M. N. 《GeoJournal》1980,4(1):53-58
International unity is becoming ever stronger in this country owing to an increasing similarity in the development of the cultural environment. This comprises the provision of all the country's republics with a sufficient number of schools, theatres, and other institutions and cultural information media in accordance with the needs of the population. An important part is played by the rise in ‘the general educational level, as well as the level of professional qualifications and skills. Among all the Soviet nations and nationalities, this rise being more rapid among formerly backward peoples. Prominent among the factors of internationalization is the progressive development of the nationalities’ cultural resources, while professional culture is being increasingly brought within the reach of the masses.The implementation of the nationalities policy promotes the all-round development of all Soviet nations and nationalities, their drawing together, the upsurge of the individual capabilities of every Soviet citizen. 相似文献
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Jiayu Rong Michael Melchin S. Henry Williams Tatyana N. Koren Jacques Verniers 《《幕》》2008,31(3):315-318
The Global Stratotype Section and Point （GSSP） for the base of the Silurian System was defined in 1985. Since that time, a number of researchers have suggested that this section has serious deficiencies for use as a GSSP. As a result, in 2000, the Subcommission on Silurian Stratigraphy （SSS） proposed undertaking a formal restu@ of this GSSP, which was subsequently approved by the International Commission of Stratigraphy （ICS）. The result of this restudy was the formal proposal that the current GSSP, at 1.6 m above the base of the Birkhill Shale, at Dob＇s Linn, Scotland, should be maintained as the same locality and stratigraphic level, but the bios- tratigraphical definition of the boundary should be revised. The previously defined, basal Silurian grapto- lite zone, the Parakidograptus acuminatus Zone, should be subdivided into a lower Akidograptus ascensus Zone and a higher E acuminatus Zone. The base of the A. ascensus Zone, marked by the first appearance of A. ascensus, should be regarded as the biostratigraphic mark for the base of the Silurian. This proposal has now been formally approved by the SSS and ICS, and ratified by International Union of Geological Sciences. This is the first GSSP to undergo formal restudy and redefini- tion, and the proposal also included a recommended procedure for restudy of GSSPs. 相似文献
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Deviation of the major axis of the inertia ellipsoid of the Moon from the direction toward the Earth
B. P. Kondratyev 《Astronomy Reports》2017,61(8):709-714
It is known from observations that the center of mass of the Moon does not coincide with the geometric center of its figure, and the line connecting these two centers is not aligned with the direction toward the center of the Earth, instead deviating toward the Southeast. This stationary deviation of the axis of the inertia ellipsoid of the Moon to the South of the direction toward the Earth is analyzed. A system of five linear differential equations describing the physical libration of the Moon in latitude is considered, and these equations are derived using a new vector method taking into account perturbations from the Earth and partly from the Sun. The characteristic equation of this system is obtained, and all five oscillation frequencies are found. Special attention is paid to the fifth (zero) frequency, for which the solution of the latitude libration equations are stationary and represents a previously unknown additional motion of the rotational axis of theMoon in a cone with a small opening angle. In contrast to the astronomical precession of the Earth, the rotation of the angular-velocity vector is in the positive direction (counter-clockwise), with the period T 3 = 27.32 days. On this basis, this phenomenon has been named “quasi-precession.” This quasi-precession leads to a stationary inclination of the major axis of the inertia ellipsoid of theMoon to the South (for an observer on Earth), making it possible to explain one component of the observed deviation of the center of mass of the Moon from the direction toward the Earth. The opening angle of the quasiprecession cone is approximately 0.834″. 相似文献
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东濮凹陷北部沙三中亚段广泛发育盐岩和烃源岩,这两个看似不能共存的物质却在这里互层共生。该时期研究区沉积特征为多盐韵律与多层烃源岩互层共生、连续沉积,单个盐韵律厚度从几米到十几米,烃源岩有机质丰度高、类型好。平面上,两者在湖盆沉积沉降中心共生;垂向上,高有机质丰度、好干酪根类型与高盐度地层具有较好的对应关系。因而成为恢复古气候和古环境的重要研究对象。通过岩石学、古生物学以及Sr/Ba、B/Ga、(V+Ni+Mn)、Fe/Mn、Sr/Cu、Mg/Ca、V/(V+Ni)、稀土元素含量和氯同位素等方法对凹陷北部沙三中亚段的沉积环境进行研究。结果表明,凹陷北部沙三中亚段为深水沉积的还原环境,古盐度较高,达到半咸水-咸水沉积;微量元素和孢粉化石特征表明研究区沙三中亚段为温暖潮湿的环境。 相似文献
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Important tendencies in development of the world mineral-resources sector at the beginning of the 21st century were an increase in production and consumption of mineral materials differentiated by types of metals and nonmetallic mineral raw materials, by countries and regions, as well as the concentration of the production of mineral raw materials in a small number of countries, and a reduction in industrial reserves of minerals in the world economy, even at the current stage of their extraction. These tendencies should be taken into account in working out a strategy for development of the Russian mineral raw-material base. 相似文献
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Fouad N. Ibrahim Dr. 《GeoJournal》1988,17(1):133-141
Taking the example of W Sudan, an analysis of the climatic incidents leading to the two recent famine disasters is made. On this natural background, the human side is investigated. Focus is directed towards the fragile economic structure of the famine-prone population groups. An early-warning system for famine in the Sahelian Zone is proposed taking grain production and storage, livestock development and the relationship between the prices of livestock and grain as major indicators. 相似文献
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郯庐断裂南段研究进展与断裂性质讨论 总被引：13，自引：3，他引：13
据1：5万区域地质调查和专题研究资料，就郯庐断裂带是否南延与消失的原因，其与大别—苏鲁造山带交截形成的假位错效应，以及与中新生代沉积盆地形成演化的关系等作了新的阐述。在此基础上，讨论了郯庐断裂带是否为巨大的左行平移断层或转换断层。认为郯庐断裂带可能是在“古郯庐带”的基础上于早侏罗世重新活动、白垩纪强烈活动的地堑型枢纽断裂带。 相似文献
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The Importance of the Precipitation and the Susceptibility of the Slopes for the Triggering of Landslides Along the Roads 总被引：3，自引：1，他引：2
Clemente Irigaray Francisco Lamas Rachid El Hamdouni Tomás Fernández José Chacón 《Natural Hazards》2000,21(1):65-81
In order to characterise the influence of the heavyrains on the observed landslides during the 1996–1997hydrological cycle, rainfall records for the last 100years are analysed from 104 stations in easternAndalusia. Regarding the amounts of rain recordedbetween October 1996 and March 1997 in the 104stations studied, 31 presented new all-time records;15 presented values that were 80–100% of thepre-1995 record; 49 stations, 80–50%; and 9stations, < 50%. A map has been devised of thesusceptibility of the materials through which thesouth-eastern Andalusian road network crosses,together with an inventory of the damage caused byinstability phenomena on banks and cuttings of theroad network during the winter of 1996–1997. Therelationships between the rainfall during the studyperiod, the damage caused to the road network and thesusceptibility of the materials affected are analysed.The results indicate that there is a clearcorrespondence between the rainfall recorded and thesusceptibility of the materials with the inventorieddamage. It is concluded that the widespread seriousdamage caused in early 1997 to the roads andsurrounding areas in the Alpujarra region and thecoast of the Province of Granada was mainly caused bythe extraordinarily heavy rains. However, considerablyless damage was observed where the susceptibility ofthe terrain is low, thus highlighting the extremeusefulness of terrain-susceptibility maps for riskprevention and territorial planning. 相似文献