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1.
淮南朱集井田二叠纪煤中稀土元素地球化学特征 总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5
采用电感耦合等离子体-光学发射光谱仪(ICP-OES),系统测定了淮南朱集井田二叠纪3个沉积组11个煤层371个煤样品的稀土元素含量。通过对煤中稀土元素地球化学参数分析,得出以下认识:朱集煤中稀土元素总量位于86×10-6～143×10-6范围内,平均值为112×10-6;稀土元素具有指相意义,靠近物源区的上、下石盒子组煤中稀土元素总量比远离物源区受陆表海影响的山西组煤分别高出38%和25%;上、下石盒子组及山西组煤中稀土元素分配模式总体属于轻稀土富集、重稀土亏损型,轻稀土曲线段呈"右倾"趋势,重稀土曲线段则较为"平坦";样品δEu变化范围为0.52～0.80,平均值为0.59,Eu中度负异常,指示成煤沼泽受陆源碎屑影响较大;样品δCe变化范围为0.93～1.04,平均值为0.99,Ce含量无异常,指示成煤沼泽受海水影响较小;煤中稀土元素总量与煤中灰分呈不太显著的正相关关系(R=0.59),说明成煤过程中陆源碎屑物质所携带的部分稀土元素可能吸附在煤的有机质中。原煤X射线衍射图谱(XRD)和光学煤岩薄片显示煤中矿物以石英和粘土矿物为主,高岭石可能是稀土元素的无机载体。另外,稀土元素与陆源碎屑元素(Si、Al、Ti、Ni、Sc和Se等)相关性较好,而与海相元素(B、Sr和Ca)相关性不明显。 相似文献
2.
为探究淮南深部山西组煤中稀土元素来源及地球化学特征，采集淮南煤田深部山西组煤煤样、夹矸、顶板和底板共20个样品，采用电感耦合等离子体质谱仪(ICP-MS)测试样品中稀土元素含量及伴生元素含量，探讨了研究区深部山西组煤中稀土元素地球化学特征。研究结果表明:淮南深部山西组煤中稀土元素含量平均值为40.85 mg/kg，低于中国煤中稀土元素含量平均值；煤中稀土元素配分模式主要是H型配分模式；Eu元素明显负异常，表明煤中稀土元素沉积环境为还原环境；Ce元素呈微弱正异常，表明成煤沼泽环境中海水的影响并未造成Ce的严重亏损；相关性分析结果显示，山西组煤中稀土元素与灰分呈正相关(R2=0.55)，与陆源碎屑元素Al、Cr和Th等呈显著正相关，且与海相特征元素(B、Sr和Ca)相关性不明显。 相似文献
3.
采用电感耦合等离子体质谱(ICP-MS)及X射线荧光光谱(XRF)等方法,分析山西西铭煤矿2号、3号、8 号和9号煤中稀土元素的含量特征和赋存状态,并根据稀土元素Ce、Eu、Gd、Y和常量元素Al2O3/TiO2的异常揭示其成煤环境及物质来源。研究结果显示:(1)西铭煤矿煤中稀土元素含量与世界煤值和美国煤值基本相等,但低于中国煤中稀土元素含量的平均值;稀土元素以中-重稀土富集型为主,其次是轻稀土富集型和轻-中稀土富集型。(2)西铭煤矿成煤环境总体上以弱还原性为主,且受酸性沼泽水环境影响。(3)煤中稀土元素的物质来源主要为陆源碎屑物质,判断其沉积源岩为酸性或中-酸性岩浆岩。 相似文献
4.
淮南矿区煤的稀土元素地球化学 总被引：25，自引：2，他引：23
采用INAA测试了淮南矿区 13个煤层煤样的稀土元素含量,研究了稀土元素地球化学特征,得出以下认识 :各煤层样品的稀土元素含量、分布模式变化都很大。煤中稀土元素主要来源于陆源碎屑,来源于海水和植物的不多;稀土元素在粘土矿物中含量高,主要以高岭石的形式赋存。稀土元素具有指相意义,随着成煤沼泽中海水影响的减弱,陆源影响的增强,煤中稀土元素的含量增加;煤的稀土元素分布模式也作有规律的变化,从类似于海相生物的分布模式到类似于陆源碎屑岩的分布模式。Eu异常是由源岩继承下来的,Eu负异常的减弱,估计是由于陆源控制减弱、海水影响增强引起的。在成煤沼泽环境中,海水的影响并未造成Ce严重亏损。 相似文献
5.
《中国煤炭地质》2018,(11)
采用电感耦合等离子质谱(ICP-MS)、煤岩鉴定及X-衍射分析等方法分析了河东煤田北部主采8号及13号煤中稀土元素的地球化学特征及矿物组成特征,探讨了煤中稀土元素的赋存状态及主要来源。结果表明:河东煤田北部8号和13号煤中稀土总量(ΣREE)均高于华北晚古生代煤及中国煤中稀土总量平均值,稀土元素相对富集。8号和13号煤具有相似的稀土元素地球化学参数和稀土元素分布模式,且与华北地区的晚古生代煤中稀土元素地球化学特征及分布模式具有很好的相似性。呈左高右低、Eu存在明显负异常的"V"型曲线;LREE明显富集,HREE相对亏损,LREE和HREE出现较强分异;且轻稀土分异较强,而重稀土分异较弱;Ce具有极弱的负异常,基本正常。整个河东煤田北部8号煤和13号煤层形成的过程中,稀土元素的来源基本一致;且成煤时期,泥炭沼泽具有相对稳定的陆源物质供应,成煤环境均为酸性还原环境。8号和13号煤中的稀土元素可能以无机态和有机吸附态共存,且主要赋存在黏土矿物中;物质来源与整个华北地台晚古生代的沉积具有一致性,主要受阴山古陆陆源物质的影响和控制。 相似文献
6.
《地质通报》2020,(7)
运用高分辨电感耦合等离子质谱(ICP-MS)、X射线荧光光谱、光学显微镜及煤的工业分析对聚乎更矿区主采煤层下1煤层及其顶底板中的稀土元素、主量元素、显微组分及工业组分进行测定,分析稀土元素的含量、地球化学特征和分布模式对成煤环境的指示。结果表明:聚乎更矿区下1煤中稀土元素平均含量为23.01×10~(-6),相对不富集; LREE/HREE平均值为3.38;表明轻稀土元素较重稀土元素富集;下1煤层顶底板泥岩中,稀土元素相对富集,稀土元素总量远高于煤中,均值为煤中的8.6倍,轻稀土元素明显富集。顶底板与煤中稀土元素分配模式相似,受煤炭堆积沼泽水体变化和后期热液作用的影响,稀土元素含量有轻微的分异,煤中稀土元素与陆源岩关系密切。煤中δEu负异常明显,结构保存指数与凝胶化指数图解显示成煤环境主要为还原环境,与Eu异常指示的成煤环境一致。Ce呈现负异常,可能与其处于强的还原环境有关。煤中稀土元素与灰分呈中等正相关关系,与SiO_2呈正相关关系,表明聚乎更矿区下1煤中稀土元素呈无机态赋存。煤层顶底板泥岩中稀土元素含量与粘土矿物呈明显的正相关关系,其中伊利石含量与稀土元素富集关系最密切。 相似文献
7.
沉积岩的微量元素和稀土元素蕴含了大量的地质信息,对研究物源区性质与沉积环境的重塑具有重要的指导意义。本文研究了渤海湾盆地东濮凹陷古近系沙河街组沙三段泥岩和盐岩的微量元素及稀土元素的地球化学特征。结果表明:微量元素Sr、Ba丰度高,其他Rb、V、Ni、Mn、Fe、Cr、Br等元素含量较低,多数微量元素含量比同类岩石克拉克值偏高;∑REE为47.1×10-6～268.02×10-6,平均值为181.55×10-6,接近于后太古宙页岩(PAAS)的平均值,高于大陆上地壳(UCC)平均值。轻稀土与重稀土总量的比值为7.96～11.46,平均值为9.71,其分配模式表现为轻稀土富集,重稀土相对亏损,整体特征为"右倾斜型",但重稀土元素为较平坦。铕(Eu)具有明显的亏损(0.48～0.70),铈(Ce)轻微亏损(0.89～0.97)。而盐岩样品中所含微量元素和稀土元素含量普遍很少。通过对样品中Sr/Cu、V/(V﹢Ni)、(La/Yb)N、Sr/Ba、δCe和Ceanom等特征参数的分析,总结出沙三段属于陆相沉积,处于还原、厌氧、咸水沉积环境;根据La/Th-Hf和Co/Th-La/Sc源岩判别图解、Eu、δEu以及REE—La/Yb等组合特点,显示源岩主要为中酸性长英质岩石(花岗岩)和混合长英质岩/基性岩,古老沉积岩对其贡献不大,主要来自内黄隆起和鲁西隆起的碎屑物质。 相似文献
8.
扬子地台东南缘黑色岩系(荷塘组)地球化学研究 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
扬子地台东南缘下寒武统荷塘组地层代表性剖面,主要由碳质硅度泥岩及硅质岩类石煤层组成,黑色岩系则分布于底部,岩石为层状,岩性为磷块岩或含磷结核硅质岩,其稀土元素在含钼钒高碳泥岩中富集,稀土总量达233.43×10-6~258.95×10-6,其他岩层的稀土元素总量在89.15×10-6~144.70×10-6之间;相对富轻稀土,轻重稀土、轻稀土分馏作用明显,重稀土分馏作用不明显;铕、铈负异常(δEu值0.55~0.71,δCe值0.46~0.88,(La/Yb)N平均值4.65~10.89;(La/Sm)N平均值9.55~18.44,(Gd/Lu)N平均值0.91~1.67)。沉积的构造环境为被动的大陆边缘,沉积环境为干燥气候的还原环境,不同的古地理条件或海平面的升降,造成了稀土元素特征的差异。 相似文献
9.
运用电感耦合等离子体质谱(ICP MS)、X射线荧光光谱(XRF)、X射线衍射(XRD)等方法对重庆龙潭组煤中稀土元素的地球化学特征进行研究。结果表明,各煤样稀土元素分布模式相似,总体呈左高右低的宽缓的“V”型曲线,轻稀土曲线段“右倾”,重稀土曲线段较为“平坦”,成煤沼泽受陆源碎屑影响较大。南桐5#煤稀土元素含量高,接近全国平均值的2倍,受汉南古陆、大巴山古陆和龙门山岛屿控制,少量陆源碎屑物来自康滇古陆。东林6#煤中的稀土元素含量低于全国平均值水平,海水作用明显,煤样中稀土元素含量未受碱性火山灰的影响,但其底板受碱性火山灰影响强烈。根据煤层稀土元素含量及其比值分析,研究区龙潭组为海湾/潟湖潮坪及浅海碳酸盐沉积的沉积环境。 相似文献
10.
渤海湾盆地石炭二叠系稀土元素特征及其地质意义 总被引：7，自引：2，他引：5
采集了渤海湾盆地周缘露头剖面和盆内钻井岩心的泥岩及少量灰岩样品,采用电感耦合等离子质谱技术对样品进行了系统的稀土元素测试分析。测试样品稀土总量平均值为290.39 μg/g ,明显大于北美页岩组合样。各样品δEu为0.42~0.83,平均0.67,中度Eu负异常;大多样品Ce含量正常,δCe为0.51~1.22,平均0.97。稀土元素配分模式总体为轻稀土富集、重稀土亏损型,轻稀土段曲线明显“右倾”,重稀土段则较为“平坦”。灰岩及部分泥岩中Ce的负异常指示了晚石炭世本区陆表海的沉积环境特点,古海水为氧化环境。根据稀土元素的Eu异常及总的元素组合特点,判断渤海湾盆地石炭—二叠系沉积物主要来自盆地北缘的阴山古陆,母岩类型为花岗岩。 相似文献
11.
东濮凹陷北部沙三中亚段广泛发育盐岩和烃源岩,这两个看似不能共存的物质却在这里互层共生。该时期研究区沉积特征为多盐韵律与多层烃源岩互层共生、连续沉积,单个盐韵律厚度从几米到十几米,烃源岩有机质丰度高、类型好。平面上,两者在湖盆沉积沉降中心共生;垂向上,高有机质丰度、好干酪根类型与高盐度地层具有较好的对应关系。因而成为恢复古气候和古环境的重要研究对象。通过岩石学、古生物学以及Sr/Ba、B/Ga、(V+Ni+Mn)、Fe/Mn、Sr/Cu、Mg/Ca、V/(V+Ni)、稀土元素含量和氯同位素等方法对凹陷北部沙三中亚段的沉积环境进行研究。结果表明,凹陷北部沙三中亚段为深水沉积的还原环境,古盐度较高,达到半咸水-咸水沉积;微量元素和孢粉化石特征表明研究区沙三中亚段为温暖潮湿的环境。 相似文献
12.
The Importance of the Precipitation and the Susceptibility of the Slopes for the Triggering of Landslides Along the Roads 总被引：3，自引：1，他引：2
Clemente Irigaray Francisco Lamas Rachid El Hamdouni Tomás Fernández José Chacón 《Natural Hazards》2000,21(1):65-81
In order to characterise the influence of the heavyrains on the observed landslides during the 1996–1997hydrological cycle, rainfall records for the last 100years are analysed from 104 stations in easternAndalusia. Regarding the amounts of rain recordedbetween October 1996 and March 1997 in the 104stations studied, 31 presented new all-time records;15 presented values that were 80–100% of thepre-1995 record; 49 stations, 80–50%; and 9stations, < 50%. A map has been devised of thesusceptibility of the materials through which thesouth-eastern Andalusian road network crosses,together with an inventory of the damage caused byinstability phenomena on banks and cuttings of theroad network during the winter of 1996–1997. Therelationships between the rainfall during the studyperiod, the damage caused to the road network and thesusceptibility of the materials affected are analysed.The results indicate that there is a clearcorrespondence between the rainfall recorded and thesusceptibility of the materials with the inventorieddamage. It is concluded that the widespread seriousdamage caused in early 1997 to the roads andsurrounding areas in the Alpujarra region and thecoast of the Province of Granada was mainly caused bythe extraordinarily heavy rains. However, considerablyless damage was observed where the susceptibility ofthe terrain is low, thus highlighting the extremeusefulness of terrain-susceptibility maps for riskprevention and territorial planning. 相似文献
13.
郯庐断裂南段研究进展与断裂性质讨论 总被引：13，自引：3，他引：13
据1：5万区域地质调查和专题研究资料，就郯庐断裂带是否南延与消失的原因，其与大别—苏鲁造山带交截形成的假位错效应，以及与中新生代沉积盆地形成演化的关系等作了新的阐述。在此基础上，讨论了郯庐断裂带是否为巨大的左行平移断层或转换断层。认为郯庐断裂带可能是在“古郯庐带”的基础上于早侏罗世重新活动、白垩纪强烈活动的地堑型枢纽断裂带。 相似文献
14.
15.
Guboglo M. N. 《GeoJournal》1980,4(1):53-58
International unity is becoming ever stronger in this country owing to an increasing similarity in the development of the cultural environment. This comprises the provision of all the country's republics with a sufficient number of schools, theatres, and other institutions and cultural information media in accordance with the needs of the population. An important part is played by the rise in ‘the general educational level, as well as the level of professional qualifications and skills. Among all the Soviet nations and nationalities, this rise being more rapid among formerly backward peoples. Prominent among the factors of internationalization is the progressive development of the nationalities’ cultural resources, while professional culture is being increasingly brought within the reach of the masses.The implementation of the nationalities policy promotes the all-round development of all Soviet nations and nationalities, their drawing together, the upsurge of the individual capabilities of every Soviet citizen. 相似文献
16.
某高速公路下伏煤矿采空区稳定性分析 总被引：10，自引：0，他引：10
在论述某高速公路下伏砦脖煤矿采空区地质、采矿和工程地质特征的基础上, 进行了稳定性数值模拟分析, 定性与定量地分析与评价了该煤矿采空区的地表变形特征及稳定性。研究结果表明: 该煤矿采空区的变形尚未完成, 对拟建的高速公路将产生很大的危害, 必须采取相应的工程治理措施。 相似文献
17.
Jiayu Rong Michael Melchin S. Henry Williams Tatyana N. Koren Jacques Verniers 《《幕》》2008,31(3):315-318
The Global Stratotype Section and Point （GSSP） for the base of the Silurian System was defined in 1985. Since that time, a number of researchers have suggested that this section has serious deficiencies for use as a GSSP. As a result, in 2000, the Subcommission on Silurian Stratigraphy （SSS） proposed undertaking a formal restu@ of this GSSP, which was subsequently approved by the International Commission of Stratigraphy （ICS）. The result of this restudy was the formal proposal that the current GSSP, at 1.6 m above the base of the Birkhill Shale, at Dob＇s Linn, Scotland, should be maintained as the same locality and stratigraphic level, but the bios- tratigraphical definition of the boundary should be revised. The previously defined, basal Silurian grapto- lite zone, the Parakidograptus acuminatus Zone, should be subdivided into a lower Akidograptus ascensus Zone and a higher E acuminatus Zone. The base of the A. ascensus Zone, marked by the first appearance of A. ascensus, should be regarded as the biostratigraphic mark for the base of the Silurian. This proposal has now been formally approved by the SSS and ICS, and ratified by International Union of Geological Sciences. This is the first GSSP to undergo formal restudy and redefini- tion, and the proposal also included a recommended procedure for restudy of GSSPs. 相似文献
18.
Dean S. Oliver 《Mathematical Geology》1998,30(7):911-933
In reservoir characterization, the covariance is often used to describe the spatial correlation and variation in rock properties or the uncertainty in rock properties. The inverse of the covariance, on the other hand, is seldom discussed in geostatistics. In this paper, I show that the inverse is required for simulation and estimation of Gaussian random fields, and that it can be identified with the differential operator in regularized inverse theory. Unfortunately, because the covariance matrix for parameters in reservoir models can be extremely large, calculation of the inverse can be a problem. In this paper, I discuss four methods of calculating the inverse of the covariance, two of which are analytical, and two of which are purely numerical. By taking advantage of the assumed stationarity of the covariance, none of the methods require inversion of the full covariance matrix. 相似文献
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Deviation of the major axis of the inertia ellipsoid of the Moon from the direction toward the Earth
B. P. Kondratyev 《Astronomy Reports》2017,61(8):709-714
It is known from observations that the center of mass of the Moon does not coincide with the geometric center of its figure, and the line connecting these two centers is not aligned with the direction toward the center of the Earth, instead deviating toward the Southeast. This stationary deviation of the axis of the inertia ellipsoid of the Moon to the South of the direction toward the Earth is analyzed. A system of five linear differential equations describing the physical libration of the Moon in latitude is considered, and these equations are derived using a new vector method taking into account perturbations from the Earth and partly from the Sun. The characteristic equation of this system is obtained, and all five oscillation frequencies are found. Special attention is paid to the fifth (zero) frequency, for which the solution of the latitude libration equations are stationary and represents a previously unknown additional motion of the rotational axis of theMoon in a cone with a small opening angle. In contrast to the astronomical precession of the Earth, the rotation of the angular-velocity vector is in the positive direction (counter-clockwise), with the period T 3 = 27.32 days. On this basis, this phenomenon has been named “quasi-precession.” This quasi-precession leads to a stationary inclination of the major axis of the inertia ellipsoid of theMoon to the South (for an observer on Earth), making it possible to explain one component of the observed deviation of the center of mass of the Moon from the direction toward the Earth. The opening angle of the quasiprecession cone is approximately 0.834″. 相似文献
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