共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 312 毫秒
1.
《海相油气地质》2018,(4)
甘肃平凉上奥陶统平凉组深水沉积发育。对银洞官庄剖面进行实测,出露地层厚146 m,自下而上分为30个小层,岩性以砂屑灰岩、泥晶灰岩、粉屑灰岩及页岩为主,夹有砾屑灰岩及泥岩等,伴有水平层理、平行层理、交错层理及波状层理等沉积构造,按岩性变化由下到上可划分为3段。在前人研究成果的基础上,通过野外实测、室内薄片鉴定和地球化学分析等综合研究,认为银洞官庄剖面平凉组沉积环境为半深海,主要发育深水原地沉积、等深流沉积、浊流沉积及碎屑流沉积等4种沉积类型。剖面深水原地沉积普遍发育,下部主要发育碎屑流沉积与浊流沉积,向上浊流与等深流相互作用,等深流沉积逐渐增多。根据V含量、Sr含量、87Sr/86Sr、Sr/Ba、Sr/Cu、Rb/Sr、B/Ga、U/Th、V/Cr、Ni/Co、V/(V+Ni)、Ceanom及Ce/La等地球化学指标的垂向变化特征对古沉积环境的反演表明:平凉组沉积时期,相对海平面整体呈上升趋势,古气候由湿润向干旱转变,古盐度逐渐增大,沉积环境还原性逐渐增强。对剖面样品(中上部为主)的地球化学参数和沉积类型的统计分析表明,V含量、87Sr/86Sr、Rb/Sr可在一定程度上反映平凉组不同深水沉积类型的差异:古水深较深、古气候较干旱、古盐度较大且还原性较强的沉积环境有利于等深流沉积的形成,古水深较浅有利于重力流沉积的发育,古水深较深、古气候较温湿且古盐度较小则有利于深水原地沉积的发育。 相似文献
2.
结合露头剖面、岩石薄片观察、碳氧同位素及微量元素等资料,综合分析了陕西富平地区上奥陶统赵老峪组海相碳酸盐岩沉积时的古水深、古盐度、古温度及氧化还原条件变化规律,以期恢复其沉积环境。研究表明,赵老峪组下部0～12层的δ13C平均值为-0. 95‰、δ18O值为-5. 67‰、Sr/Ba值为80. 31、B/Ga值为7. 93、U/Th值为5. 57、V/Cr值为5. 44,主要是以泥晶灰岩为主的深水原地沉积,其沉积环境总体表现为水体较深、离岸较远、水温较高、盐度较高的贫氧-厌氧环境;上部13～35层δ13C平均值为0. 55‰、δ18O值为-4. 03‰、Sr/Ba值为19. 05、B/Ga值为9. 17、U/Th值为2. 78、V/Cr值为4. 77,主要发育深水原地沉积、重力流沉积和等深流沉积,但深水原地沉积的发育层数相比于下部大大减少,沉积环境逐渐演变为水深相对较浅、水温较低、盐度较低的贫氧-厌氧环境,这一阶段的整体古水深、古温度和古盐度及氧化还原条件相比于0～12层沉积时较稳定,变化幅度较小。结果表明,用地球化学指标研究深水碳酸盐岩沉积时期的海平面变化、古温度、古盐度及氧化还原条件等环境因素也是可行的。 相似文献
3.
四川盆地南部志留系龙马溪组富有机质页岩沉积环境的元素地球化学判别指标 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
氧化还原敏感元素是确定古海洋水体氧化还原环境的重要指标,常用的环境判别指标有U/Th,V/Sr,V/Cr,Ni/Co,V/(V+Ni),δU,Ce/Ce*,Eu/Eu*等元素比值。对四川盆地南部宁203井志留系龙马溪组页岩沉积环境的元素地球化学研究结果表明,龙马溪组底部富有机质页岩沉积于缺氧环境,上部为氧化环境。有机碳含量与V/Cr和Ni/Co呈正相关关系,且生物生产力相关元素富集,说明有机质保存与缺氧环境有关。认为在对页岩沉积水体氧化还原条件进行研究时,应将地球化学指标与沉积和古生物特征综合起来得出科学解释。 相似文献
4.
内蒙古东部索伦地区中二叠世哲斯组古环境与海平面相对升降的地球化学记录 总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5
根据研究区哲斯组的岩性特征、沉积构造特征,结合泥岩微量元素和饱和烃有机地球化学等地球化学参数,综合研究索伦地区哲斯组的沉积环境,进而解释海平面的相对升降,为研究区哲斯组油气地质条件评价提供依据。结果表明研究区哲斯组沉积环境的水体为半咸水,古盐度范围为18.55‰~28.72‰,古气候以温湿为主。B(硼元素)和微量元素比值Sr/Ba、B/Ga等可以反映的古盐度与古水深的变化,两者受海平面升降变化影响;利用定量计算的古盐度和反映古盐度的Sr/Ba值、B/Ga值和Rb/K值等编制了海平面相对变化曲线,显示研究区哲斯组剖面发生了2次海侵、海退沉积旋回,海侵发生在哲斯组底部和中部。据沉积相分析,结合地球化学指标V/(V+Ni)值、稀土元素Ce异常值饱和烃气相色谱,表明研究区哲斯组主要为缺氧、还原的浅海陆棚沉积环境,该环境有利于有机质保存和烃源岩发育。 相似文献
5.
以六盘山盆地固参1井白垩系马东山组泥页岩段为研究对象,通过元素地球化学测试分析,采用CaO/(MgO·Al2O3)、Sr/Cu、Rb/Sr、Sr /Ba、Sr丰度、Th/U、 V/Cr、V/(V+Ni)、Fe/Mn和(Al＋Fe)/（Ca＋Mg）等一系列古气候、古盐度、古氧化还原条件和古水深判别指标,对固参1井马东山组泥页岩沉积古环境进行探讨。结果表明：马东山组泥页岩沉积时期总体为年平均古气温应大于15℃的温暖潮湿气候,水体为半深湖—滨浅湖的半咸水—咸水环境,沉积物是在贫养—厌氧环境中形成的。古气候、古盐度、古氧化还原条件及古水深在垂向上存在3个相对变化的旋回,且古气候与古水深、古还原条件呈正相关性,与盐度呈负相关性。适宜的古水深、较强的还原条件,稳定匮乏的碎屑供给等古环境因素相对变化的3个旋回共同控制了马东山组泥岩、页岩、钙质泥岩、泥灰岩组合的非均质的页岩油气储层。 相似文献
6.
基于对鄂尔多斯盆地姬塬北地区上三叠统延长组长7、长8油层组泥岩样品微量元素和稀土元素的测试分析发现,长7、长8油层组泥岩REE富集,Eu总体上呈明显的负异常;REE分布模式图显示轻、重稀土元素分异明显,曲线在La-Eu段表现为斜率较大的"右倾型",在Gd-Lu段表现为斜率较小的"平缓型"。结合Sr/Cu、Sr/Ba、V/(V+Ni)、Ceanom等特征参数的分析发现,长7、长8油层组泥岩形成于温湿、微咸水、还原水体的沉积环境。泥岩(La/Yb)N地化指标显示悬浮物颗粒总体表现为沉降缓慢,沉积速率低,由下至上泥岩悬浮物沉积速率表现为由高到低的变化趋势。同时,δCe、δEu及La/Lb-∑REE判别图解,指示长7、长8油层组泥岩母岩以花岗岩为主,同时有少量碱性玄武岩的混入,源区构造背景为大陆边缘环境。 相似文献
7.
宁南盆地古近纪沉积岩地球化学特征对沉积环境的反映 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
《地质科技情报》2016,(5)
沉积物元素地球化学特征是盆地沉积环境变化的响应。通过分析沉积岩的微量元素和稀土元素含量变化特征,研究了宁南盆地古近纪气候条件、古盐度和氧化还原环境。Cu、Cs质量分数变化以及Rb/Sr比值、Sr/Cu比值特征,揭示寺口子组沉积时期至少存在一期由潮湿-干旱转变的气候事件,从寺口子组沉积末期到清水营组沉积初期,古气候由干旱变为潮湿。Sr/Ba比值和B/Ga比值反映清水营组沉积水体盐度与寺口子组相差不大,仅在石峡口水库处古盐度值极大,其他地区略有减小。寺口子组沉积过程中,水体盐度有所增加。氧化还原指标V/Cr、Ni/Co、U/Th、V/(V+Ni)、δU、δCe、Ce/La和Ce_(anom)以及氧化还原敏感元素V、U、Ni、Zn和Cr的质量分数变化指示清水营组沉积时期水体氧含量整体小于寺口子组沉积时期。寺口子组沉积环境以氧化环境为主,清水营组沉积水体为氧-贫氧环境。 相似文献
8.
采用Sr、Sr／Ba、Rb、Rb／K、K＋Na质量分数、K／Na、B／Ga、B元素法、V／Cr、Ni／Co、U／Th、V／（V＋Ni）、铈异常（Ceanom）值、Fe2＋／Fe3＋、Cu／Zn、Sr／Cu、Fe／Mn、Mg／Ca、 Mg／Sr和Al2O3／MgO等微量元素和常量元素等地球化学方法对鄂尔多斯盆地东部盒8期沉积环境的古盐度、氧化还原态和古气候进行综合判断。结果表明：古盐度介于2.76‰～14.32‰之间,平均值为8.62‰,显示沉积水介质以淡水—微咸水为主;铈异常（Ceanom）值主要集中在-0.05～0.1之间,整体表现为Ce富集,指示缺氧弱还原的古水体环境;Sr/Cu比值为1.66～9.41,平均值为4.60,环境为温湿气候。纵向上盒8下古盐度高于盒8上,盒8下比盒8上气候略微干旱。平面上研究区南部米脂榆79井—榆28井一带和研究区北部通岗浪沟—什汗水利一带古盐度较大,大于10‰,属半咸水—咸水沉积,相对应地这两个区块古气候比其它区块较为干旱,这一规律和沉积体系在研究区的分布高度吻合。分析认为：盒8期研究区湖岸线分布于南部米脂榆79井—榆28井一带,受湖水和干旱气候的影响,造成古盐度较高;北部通岗浪沟—什汗水利一带发育辫状河沉积,受干燥气候、蒸发环境的影响,古盐度增大。研究区微咸水—半咸水—咸水的沉积环境有利于绿泥石膜胶结发育,也有利于储层的发育。该认识对鄂尔多斯盆地盒8沉积环境研究起到一定的补充作用,同时也对该区盒8段天然气勘探具有重要意义。 相似文献
9.
本文对南京地区早寒武世幕府山组沉积环境及地球化学特征进行了研究，利用元素地球化学和碳、氧同位素特征对古盐度、古水深及古环境的记录，分析幕府山组时期发生的海平面相对升降。结果表明：下扬子南京地区下寒武统幕府山组Mg2+/Ca2+值与古水深呈负相关，Sr/Ba值、1000Sr/Ca值和V/Ni值与古盐度、古水深呈正相关，Sr/Ba值、1000Sr/Ca值和V/Ni值反映的古盐度、古水深曲线可以指示海平面相对升降。幕府山组样品碳、氧同位素保留了原始海洋的同位素组成：δ13CPDB值分布于0.8‰~3.5‰之间，均值为2.55‰；δ18OPDB值分布于-6.9‰~-2.2‰之间，均值为-4.18‰。幕府山组样品的δ13CPDB值大小可以反映海平面的相对升降，两者呈正相关。根据Sr/Ba值、1000Sr/Ca值、V/Ni值、δ13CPDB值和沉积环境演化，绘制了幕府山组海平面相对升降曲线。幕府山组经历了一次海侵-海退旋回，海平面相对升降曲线反映了幕府山组海平面波动频繁，由3次海平面相对上升和3次海平面相对下降组成。 相似文献
10.
沉积岩的地球化学特征可以反映盆地沉积环境。为了探讨鄂尔多斯盆地延长组沉积时期古气候、氧化还原条件、古盐度等特征,对鄂尔多斯盆地东南部铜川延长组长7段的5个砂岩、8个页岩样品进行主量、微量以及稀土元素地球化学分析。结果显示,长7段细粒沉积物Al2O3/SiO2值与K2O/Na2O值指示样品成分成熟度差别不大,黏土矿物含量较高。∑REE平均值为132.65×10-6,明显低于北美页岩平均稀土元素含量,也低于全球平均大陆上地壳值;LREE分异程度较高,呈微弱的Eu正异常,无Ce异常。“C值”、Sr/Cu、Rb/Sr、Mg/Ca等指标显示延长组沉积期整体处于温暖潮湿的气候区。研究区样品富集微量元素U、Sc、Cs(平均20.11×10-6、9.66×10-6、6.08×10-6),结合V、δU、Th/U、V/Cr、V/Sc、V/(V+Ni)等指标分析,结果指示延长组沉积期以底层水体呈强分层的还原环境为主。Li、Sr、Ni、Sr/Ba、(MgO/Al2O3)×100等值显示沉积期水体总体为淡水-微咸水。 相似文献
11.
E. M. Prasolov S. A. Sergeev B. V. Belyatsky E. S. Bogomolov K. A. Gruzdov I. N. Kapitonov R. Sh. Krymsky V. O. Khalenev 《Geochemistry International》2018,56(1):46-64
This paper reports the first results of a study of 11 isotope systems (3He/4He, 40Ar/36Ar, 34S/32S, 65Cu/63Cu, 62Ni/60Ni, 87Sr/86Sr, 143Nd/144Nd, 206–208Pb/204Pb, Hf–Nd, U–Pb, and Re–Os) in the rocks and ores of the Cu–Ni–PGE deposits of the Norilsk ore district. Almost all the results were obtained at the Center of Isotopic Research of the Karpinskii All-Russia Research Institute of Geology. The use of a number of independent genetic isotopic signatures and comprehensive isotopic knowledge provided a methodic basis for the interpretation of approximately 5000 isotopic analyses of various elements. The presence of materials from two sources, crust and mantle, was detected in the composition of the rocks and ores. The contribution of the crustal source is especially significant in the paleofluids (gas–liquid microinclusions) of the ore-forming medium. Crustal solutions were probably a transport medium during ore formation. Air argon is dominant in the ores, which indicates a connection between the paleofluids and the atmosphere. This suggests intense groundwater circulation during the crystallization of ore minerals. The age of the rocks and ores of the Norilsk deposits was determined. The stage of orebody formation is restricted to a narrow age interval of 250 ± 10 Ma. An isotopic criterion was proposed for the ore-bearing potential of mafic intrusions in the Norilsk–Taimyr region. It includes several interrelated isotopic ratios of various elements: He, Ar, S, and others. 相似文献
12.
奥地利安东帕有限公司 《岩矿测试》2009,28(3):306-306
最新的流行病学研究表明,空气中较高浓度的悬浮细颗粒可能对人类的健康有不利的影响。根据该项研究显示,由于心脏病、慢性呼吸问题和肺功能指标恶化而导致死亡率的升高与细尘粒子有关。这些研究结果已经促使欧盟于1999年4月出台了限制空气中二氧化硫、二氧化氮、氧化氮、铅和颗粒物含量的法案(1999/30/EC),对各项指标包括对可吸入PM10颗粒的浓度提出了新的限制性指标。PM10颗粒是指可以通过预分级器分离采集的气体动力学直径小于10μm的细颗粒。目前研究的兴趣重点逐步偏向PM2.5这些更细微颗粒物,PM2.5这种颗粒物对健康有明显的不利影响。在欧盟指令2008/50/EC中,对PM10和PM2.5都提 相似文献
13.
S. Viswanathan K. Surya Prakash Rao B. Mahabaleswar 《Journal of the Geological Society of India》2013,82(6):621-627
Komatiites are mantle-derived ultramafic volcanic rocks. Komatiites have been discovered in several States of India, notably in Karnataka. Studies on the distribution of trace-elements in the komatiites of India are very few. This paper proposes a simple, accurate, precise, rapid, and non-destructive wavelength-dispersive x-ray fluorescence (WDXRF) spectrometric technique for determining Sc, V, Cr, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, Rb, Sr, Y, Zr, Nb, Ba, Pb, and Th in komatiites, and discusses the accuracy, precision, limits of detection, x-ray spectral-line interferences, inter-element effects, speed, advantages, and limitations of the technique. The accuracy of the technique is excellent (within 3%) for Sc, V, Cr, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, Rb, Sr, Zr, Nb, Ba, Pb, and Th and very good (within 4%) for Y. The precision is also excellent (within 3%) for Sc, V, Cr, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, Rb, Sr, Y, Zr, Nb, Ba, Pb, and Th. The limits of detection are: 1 ppm for Sc and V; 2 ppm for Cr, Co, and Ni; 3 ppm for Cu, Zn, Rb, and Sr; 4 ppm for Y and Zr; 6 ppm for Nb; 10 ppm for Ba; 13 ppm for Pb; and 14 ppm for Th. The time taken for determining Sc, V, Cr, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, Rb, Sr, Y, Zr, Nb, Ba, Pb, and Th in a batch of 24 samples of komatiites, for a replication of four analyses per sample, by one operator, using a manual WDXRF spectrometer, is only 60 hours. 相似文献
14.
Most sulfide-rich magmatic Ni-Cu-(PGE) deposits form in dynamic magmatic systems by partial melting S-bearing wall rocks with variable degrees of assimilation of miscible silicate and volatile components, and generation of barren to weakly-mineralized immiscible Fe sulfide xenomelts into which Ni-Cu-Co-PGE partition from the magma. Some exceptionally-thick magmatic Cr deposits may form by partial melting oxide-bearing wall rocks with variable degrees of assimilation of the miscible silicate and volatile components, and generation of barren Fe ± Ti oxide xenocrysts into which Cr-Mg-V ± Ti partition from the magma. The products of these processes are variably preserved as skarns, residues, xenoliths, xenocrysts, xenomelts, and xenovolatiles, which play important to critical roles in ore genesis, transport, localization, and/or modification. Incorporation of barren xenoliths/autoliths may induce small amounts of sulfide/chromite to segregate, but incorporation of sulfide xenomelts or oxide xenocrysts with dynamic upgrading of metal tenors (PGE > Cu > Ni > Co and Cr > V > Ti, respectively) is required to make significant ore deposits. Silicate xenomelts are only rarely preserved, but will be variably depleted in chalcophile and ferrous metals. Less dense felsic xenoliths may aid upward sulfide transport by increasing the effective viscosity and decreasing the bulk density of the magma. Denser mafic or metamorphosed xenoliths may also increase the effective viscosity of the magma, but may aid downward sulfide transport by increasing the bulk density of the magma. Sulfide wets olivine, so olivine xenocrysts may act as filter beds to collect advected finely dispersed sulfide droplets, but other silicates and xenoliths may not be wetted by sulfides. Xenovolatiles may retard settling of – or in some cases float – dense sulfide droplets. Reactions of sulfide melts with felsic country rocks may generate Fe-rich skarns that may allow sulfide melts to fractionate to more extreme Cu-Ni-rich compositions. Xenoliths, xenocrysts, xenomelts, and xenovolatiles are more likely to be preserved in cooler basaltic magmas than in hotter komatiitic magmas, and are more likely to be preserved in less dynamic (less turbulent) systems/domain/phases than in more dynamic (more turbulent) systems/domains/phases. Massive to semi-massive Ni-Cu-PGE and Cr mineralization and xenoliths are often localized within footwall embayments, dilations/jogs in dikes, throats of magma conduits, and the horizontal segments of dike-chonolith and dike-sill complexes, which represent fluid dynamic traps for both ascending and descending sulfides/oxides. If skarns, residues, xenoliths, xenocrysts, xenomelts, and/or xenovolatiles are present, they provide important constraints on ore genesis and they are valuable exploration indicators, but they must be included in elemental and isotopic mass balance calculations. 相似文献
15.
《Applied Geochemistry》2001,16(2):137-159
Five hundred and ninety-eight samples of terrestrial moss (Hylocomium splendens and Pleurozium schreberi) collected from a 188,000 km2 area of the central Barents region (NE Norway, N Finland, NW Russia) were analysed by ICP-AES and ICP-MS. Analytical results for Al, B, Ba, Ca, K, La, Mg, Mn, Na, P, Rb, Si, Sr, Th, U and Y concentrations are reported here. Graphical methods of data analysis, such as geochemical maps, cumulative frequency diagrams, boxplots and scatterplots, are used to interpret the origin of the patterns for these elements. None of the elements reported here are emitted in significant amounts from the smelting industry on the Kola Peninsula. Despite the conventional view that moss chemistry reflects atmospheric element input, the nature of the underlying mineral substrate (regolith or bedrock) is found to have a considerable influence on moss composition for several elements. This influence of the chemistry of the mineral substrate can take place in a variety of ways. (1) It can be completely natural, reflecting the ability of higher plants to take up elements from deep soil horizons and shed them with litterfall onto the surface. (2) It can result from naturally increased soil dust input where vegetation is scarce due to harsh climatic conditions for instance. Alternatively, substrate influence can be enhanced by human activity, such as open-cast mining, creation of ‘technogenic deserts’, or handling, transport and storage of ore and ore products, all of which magnify the natural elemental flux from bedrock to ground vegetation. Seaspray is another natural process affecting moss composition in the area (Mg, Na), and this is most visible in the Norwegian part of the study area. Presence or absence of some plant species, e.g., lichens, seems to influence moss chemistry. This is shown by the low concentrations of B or K in moss on the Finnish and Norwegian side of the (fenced) border with Russia, contrasting with high concentrations on the other side (intensive reindeer husbandry west of the border has selectively depleted the lichen population). 相似文献
16.
Mercury,arsenic, antimony,and selenium contents of sediment from the Kuskokwim River,Bethel, Alaska,USA 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
The Kuskokwim River at Bethel, Alaska, drains a major mercury-antimony metallogenic province in its upper reaches and tributaries. Bethel (population 4000) is situated on the Kuskokwim floodplain and also draws its water supply from wells located in river-deposited sediment. A boring through overbank and floodplain sediment has provided material to establish a baseline datum for sediment-hosted heavy metals. Mercury (total), arsenic, antimony, and selenium contents were determined; aluminum was also determined and used as normalizing factor. The contents of the heavy metals were relatively constant with depth and do not reflect any potential enrichment from upstream contaminant sources. 相似文献
17.
18.
19.
《Chemical Geology》2007,236(1-2):13-26
We examined the coprecipitation behavior of Ti, Mo, Sn and Sb in Ca–Al–Mg fluorides under two different fluoride forming conditions: at < 70 °C in an ultrasonic bath (denoted as the ultrasonic method) and at 245 °C using a Teflon bomb (denoted as the bomb method). In the ultrasonic method, small amounts of Ti, Mo and Sn coprecipitation were observed with 100% Ca and 100% Mg fluorides. No coprecipitation of Ti, Mo, Sn and Sb in Ca–Al–Mg fluorides occurred when the sample was decomposed by the bomb method except for 100% Ca fluoride. Based on our coprecipitation observations, we have developed a simultaneous determination method for B, Ti, Zr, Nb, Mo, Sn, Sb, Hf and Ta by Q-pole type ICP-MS (ICP-QMS) and sector field type ICP-MS (ICP-SFMS). 9–50 mg of samples with Zr–Mo–Sn–Sb–Hf spikes were decomposed by HF using the bomb method and the ultrasonic method with B spike. The sample was then evaporated and re-dissolved into 0.5 mol l− 1 HF, followed by the removal of fluorides by centrifuging. B, Zr, Mo, Sn, Sb and Hf were measured by ID method. Nb and Ta were measured by the ID-internal standardization method, based on Nb/Mo and Ta/Mo ratios using ICP-QMS, for which pseudo-FI was developed and applied. When 100% recovery yields of Zr and Hf are expected, Nb/Zr and Ta/Hf ratios may also be used. Ti was determined by the ID-internal standardization method, based on the Ti/Nb ratio from ICP-SFMS. Only 0.053 ml sample solution was required for measurement of all 9 elements. Dilution factors of ≤ 340 were aspirated without matrix effects. To demonstrate the applicability of our method, 4 carbonaceous chondrites (Ivuna, Orgueil, Cold Bokkeveld and Allende) as well as GSJ and USGS silicate reference materials of basalts, andesites and peridotites were analyzed. Our analytical results are consistent with previous studies, and the mean reproducibility of each element is 1.0–4.6% for basalts and andesites, and 6.7–11% for peridotites except for TiO2. 相似文献
20.
The Samchampi-Samteran alkaline igneous complex (SAC) is a near circular, plug-like body approximately 12 km2 area and is emplaced into the Precambrian gneissic terrain of the Karbi Anglong district of Assam. The host rocks, which
are exposed in immediate vicinity of the intrusion, comprise granite gneiss, migmatite, granodiorite, amphibolite, pegmatite
and quartz veins.
The SAC is composed of a wide variety of lithologies identified as syenitic fenite, magnetite ± perovskite ± apatite rock,
alkali pyroxenite, ijolite-melteigite, carbonatite, nepheline syenite with leucocratic and mesocratic variants, phonolite,
volcanic tuff, phosphatic rock and chert breccia.
The magnetite ± perovskite ± apatite rock was generated as a cumulus phase owing to the partitioning of Ti, Fe at a shallow
level magma chamber (not evolved DI = O1). The highly alkaline hydrous fluid activity indicated by the presence of strongly
alkalic minerals in carbonatites and associated alkaline rocks suggests that the composition of original melt was more alkalic
than those now found and represent a silica undersaturated ultramafic rock of carbonated olivine-poor nephelinite which splits
with falling temperature into two immiscible fractions—one ultimately crystallises as alkali pyroxenite/ijolite and the other
as carbonatite. The spatial distribution of varied lithotypes of SAC and their genetic relationships suggests that the silicate
and carbonate melts, produced through liquid immiscibility, during ascent generated into an array of lithotypes and also reaction
with the country rocks by alkali emanations produced fenitic aureoles (nephelinisation process). Isotopic studies (δ18O and δ13C) on carbonatites of Samchampi have indicated that the δ13C of the source magma is related to contamination from recycled carbon. 相似文献