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1.
罗迪尼亚超大陆的古地理重建和各陆块拼接方案一直是中外地球科学家关注和竞相研究的热点和前沿。目前,青藏高原各陆块的起源及其在罗迪尼亚超大陆中的古地理位置尚不清楚,岩浆事件的对比研究是解决这一问题的有效方法之一。本文报道了青藏高原中部安多微陆块的拉伸纪花岗片麻岩的LA- ICP- MS锆石U- Pb定年、岩石地球化学和锆石Hf和全岩Sr- Nd同位素分析结果。这些花岗片麻岩的原岩形成于802~801 Ma,具有不均一的锆石Hf和相对均一的全岩Nd同位素成分(εHf(t)=〖CD*2/3〗9. 4~+1. 9;εNd(t)=〖CD*2/3〗4. 8~〖CD*2/3〗3. 4)以及古老的地壳模式年龄(2289~1575 Ma),可能形成于幔源岩浆对元古宙地壳的改造,随后经历了广泛的结晶分异过程。花岗片麻岩样品具有较低的P2O5含量,P2O5与SiO2含量呈负相关性,且含少量角闪石矿物,符合I型花岗岩的特征,其中部分样品具有较高的高场强元素含量(Zr+Ce+Nb+Y>350×10-6)和锆石饱和温度(> 800℃),因而兼具A型花岗岩的特征。综合前人研究成果与区域〖JP2〗地质背景,中国安多地区拉伸纪花岗片麻岩可能形成于弧后盆地环境,与马达加斯加、塞舌尔和印度西部的同时代岩浆记录可以对比,从而为重建罗迪尼亚超大陆提供了新的依据。  相似文献   

2.
河南上店和登封古元古代晚期A型花岗岩的锆石LA-ICP-MS U-Pb年代学、岩石地球化学和Nd-Hf同位素研究为讨论华北克拉通南缘中部古元古代晚期构造演化提供了依据。结果表明,上店花岗斑岩和登封正长花岗岩中锆石发育振荡生长环带,结合高的Th/U比值(0.36~1.64),表明其为岩浆成因,岩浆锆石的207Pb/206Pb加权平均年龄分别为1801Ma、1801Ma和1795Ma,即它们形成于古元古代晚期;上店花岗斑岩具有高SiO_2(70.30%~71.83%)、富碱(K2O+Na2O=8.76%~11.01%)、贫Ca O(0.18%~0.36%)、P2O5(0.12%~0.15%)和MgO(0.02%~0.20%)的特征,富集LILEs(Cs、Rb、Ba和K)、贫HFSEs(Nb、Ta、Zr和Hf)和强烈亏损Sr、P、Ti元素,具有负的Eu异常(δEu=0.44~0.59),结合高的FeOT/(FeOT+MgO)比值(0.94~1.00)和10000×Ga/Al比值(2.70~3.74),暗示其为A型花岗岩,具造山后A2型花岗岩特征;上店花岗斑岩的全岩εNd(t)值变化于-8.94~-6.87之间,tDM2=3243~3049Ma,锆石εHf(t)值介于-14.1~-6.5之间,tDM2=3030~2655Ma;登封正长花岗岩的锆石εHf(t)值介于-11.3~-8.4之间,tDM2=2887~2744Ma。上述结果暗示,上店和登封A型花岗岩均来源于幔源岩浆底侵作用下的中-新太古代基底物质的部分熔融,形成于华北克拉通东部和西部陆块碰撞造山后的伸展环境。  相似文献   

3.
本文报道了华北克拉通西部武川西乌兰不浪地区太古宙变质基底的锆石SHRIMP年龄和Hf同位素组成。一个片麻状奥长花岗岩样品的锆石具核边结构,核部岩浆锆石和边部变质锆石的207Pb/206Pb加权平均年龄分别为2692±17Ma和2528±16Ma。对9个样品进行了锆石Hf同位素分析。新太古代早期(2692~2697Ma)片麻状奥长花岗岩(2个样品)的岩浆锆石的εHf(t)、tDM1(Hf)和tDM2(Hf)分别为4.78~8.83、2646~2780Ma和2632~2845Ma;新太古代二辉麻粒岩(2个样品)中的捕获锆石的εHf(t)、tDM1(Hf)和tDM2(Hf)分别为-2.30~8.62、2543~2954Ma和2529~3189Ma;新太古代变质深成岩(4个样品)的岩浆锆石的εHf(t)、tDM1(Hf)和tDM2(Hf)分别为-2.60~8.09、2529~2880Ma和2538~3089Ma;古元古代蓝晶石榴长英质片麻岩(1个样品)的碎屑锆石的εHf(t)、tDM1(Hf)和tDM2(Hf)分别为1.52~6.59、2432~2774Ma和2498~2925Ma。结合前人研究结果,可得出如下结论和认识:1)该区存在新太古代早期片麻状奥长花岗岩,太古宙岩石在新太古代晚期普遍遭受高级变质作用影响;2)新太古代早期为该区地壳形成主要时期,新太古代晚期则主要表现为陆壳物质再循环;3)作为阴山地块的典型代表,固阳-武川地区与华北克拉通东部太古宙基底十分类似,可能表明华北克拉通在新太古代晚期已成为统一的整体。  相似文献   

4.
河南西峡地区马山口岩体出露于北秦岭构造带秦岭岩群东段,岩石类型为片麻状花岗闪长岩。LA- ICP- MS锆石U- Pb定年结果表明,该岩体形成时代为929±7 Ma,是新元古代早期花岗质岩浆活动的产物。岩石的SiO2和Al2O3含量分别为65. 52%〖JP2〗~66. 91%和14. 63%~15. 41%,Na2O和K2O含量较高,分别为2. 82%~3. 08%和2. 14%~3. 10%,Na2O/K2O比值主体>1,富TFe2O3(5. 99%~7. 03%),高CaO (2. 78%~3. 72%)和MgO (1. 35%~1. 87%),Mg#值介于34. 4~38. 3之间,A/CNK值为1. 07~1. 14,属于过铝质钙碱性—高钾钙碱性岩石,显示I型花岗岩特征。岩石的Nb/Ta、Rb/Y和Nb/Y比值反映壳源岩石特征,低Sr (102×10-6~175×10-6),高Yb (2. 13×10-6~3. 67×10-6)和Y (27. 0×10-6~38. 6×10-6),〖JP〗可能是下地壳(变)基性岩石部分熔融的产物。岩石稀土总量中等(∑REE=180×10-6~229×10-6),相对富集轻稀土和大离子亲石元素Rb、Ba、Th等,亏损高场强元素Nb、Ta和Ti,具有火山弧花岗岩地球化学特征,形成于新元古代早期洋壳俯冲背景下的陆缘弧环境。  相似文献   

5.
本文报道了内蒙古大青山地区早前寒武纪变质岩石的锆石Hf同位素和稀土组成。两个古元古代晚期(1.9~2.1 Ga)变质碎屑沉积岩样品中碎屑锆石的(n(176Hf)/n(177Hf))c、tDM1(Hf)和tDM2(Hf)分别为0.281079~0.281502、2548~3000 Ma、2612~3153 Ma和0.280916~0.281451、2533~2717 Ma、2600~3404 Ma; 一个古元古代早期(2.37 Ga)变质辉长岩样品中岩浆锆石的εHf(t)和tDM1(Hf)分别为1.50~6.68和2449~2647 Ma,表明大青山及邻区在新太古代晚期—古元古代早期存在强烈的构造岩浆热事件,既有地幔添加又有壳内再循环作用。三个样品的边部变质锆石εHf(t)、tDM1(Hf)和tDM2(Hf)分别为-9.49~3.91、2201~2686 Ma、2285~2887 Ma;-7.29~-2.42、2350~2540 Ma、2499~2740 Ma和-5.46~-0.53、2319~2507 Ma、2443~2687 Ma,Th/U比值普遍小于01。与核部锆石相比,边部变质锆石tDM2(Hf)变小,Th/U比值和稀土含量降低,但稀土模式十分类似。研究表明,变质锆石增生边的形成及其Hf同位素、稀土和U—Th组成受核部锆石和变质作用的双重制约。变质增生边的形成至少部分与核部锆石溶解以后的再结晶有关,变质流体起了重要作用。  相似文献   

6.
张士英岩体位于华北地台南缘,岩石类型包括钾长花岗岩、似斑状花岗岩和石英斑岩脉,其中只在钾长花岗岩中发育有暗色岩石包体,在包体和寄主岩中发育反映岩浆混合作用的岩石结构。钾长花岗岩、似斑状花岗岩和石英斑岩脉的SHRIMP锆石U-Pb年龄分别为107.3±2.4Ma、106.7±2.5Ma和101±3Ma。锆石Hf同位素分析结果显示,钾长花岗岩的锆石εHf(t)为-15.96~-20.80,单阶段模式年龄(tDM1)为1396~1643Ma,两阶段模式年龄(tDM2)为1880~2018Ma;似斑状花岗岩的锆石εHf(t)为-18.97~-22.18,tDM1为1512~1640Ma,tDM2为1925~2080Ma;除了一粒年龄为2.6Ga的锆石具有εHf(t)为-0.71、tDM1为2943Ma和tDM2为3036Ma的组成,石英斑岩的锆石εHf(t)为-23.41~-27.95,tDM1为1678~1896Ma,tDM2为2144~2330Ma。这些数据暗示,除了存在少量太古宙地壳物质的贡献外,张士英岩体的物质来源可能主要为1.9~2.3Ga期间形成的新生地壳,但也不排除古老地壳与富集地幔源混合的可能。综合分析前人研究成果表明,在太平洋板块俯冲方向发生转变的过程中,先存断裂带发生拉张。张士英岩体与中国东部同期岩浆活动一起可能形成于这种受断裂带控制的伸展环境。  相似文献   

7.
位于中蒙边境额仁淖尔地区的查干德勒含角闪石黑云母二长花岗岩和卫境黑云母二长花岗岩锆石U-Pb年龄分别为276±2Ma和279±1Ma,均为早二叠世岩体。地球化学数据显示两个岩体均具有高SiO2含量(67.63%~74.75%)和高K2O含量(2.94%~6.13%),具弱的铕负异常(δEu=0.53~0.80),A/CNK均小于1.1,属弱过铝质的高钾钙碱性系列,具有I型花岗岩的特征。查干德勒岩体锆石εHf(t)值为-18.65~-10.95,模式年龄tDM2在2 470~1 989Ma之间,反映了深部源区可能存在古老地壳物质。卫境岩体锆石εHf(t)值为+1.71~+5.44,模式年龄tDM2在1 193~954Ma之间,具有年轻的源区特征,反映了年轻地壳的生长。额仁淖尔地区同时代两个花岗岩的锆石Hf同位素反映了完全不同的物源性质,也说明古老物质的再循环和新地壳的生长可以发生在同一个区域。  相似文献   

8.
马鑫  汪相 《地质论评》2023,69(5):2023050006-2023050006
华南印支期花岗岩主要分布在湘、赣、桂及其邻区,其岩体数量之多、出露面积之广使得它们成为华南花岗岩研究的重要组成部分,但是,对于它们的构造属性及其与成矿作用的关系仍众说纷纭。笔者等选取湘西双峰县紫云山和桂东北资源县石板弯两个印支期复式花岗岩体,对它们的主体相和补体相分别开展了岩相学、岩石化学和锆石学的系统研究,从而确定:① 这两个复式花岗岩体的主体相的岩性分别为(紫云山)花岗闪长岩和(石板弯)黑云母二长花岗岩,具有正常的花岗岩岩石化学成分(如:SiO2含量为67. 23%~71. 94%、FeOT含量为2. 03%~3. 73%),富相容的微量元素(如:Ba、Sr、Zr等),不明显的Eu负异常(Eu/Eu*平均比值为0. 49);它们的岩浆锆石U- Pb年龄和εHf(t)值分别为239. 6±2. 3 Ma和-4. 9~-1. 0(紫云山花岗闪长岩)、239. 7±3. 3 Ma和-8. 8~-1. 1(石板弯黑云母二长花岗岩);因此,它们属于印支早期的同造山花岗岩。② 这两个复式花岗岩体补体相的岩性分别为(紫云山)白云母碱长花岗岩和(石板弯)二云母碱长花岗岩,具有较高的SiO2含量(73. 92%~76. 55%)和较低的FeOT含量(0. 71%~1. 21%),富不相容的微量元素(如:Rb、Ta、U等),强烈的Eu负异常(Eu/Eu*平均值为0. 14);它们的热液锆石U- Pb年龄和εHf(t) 值分别为217. 4±2. 8 Ma和-7. 3~-1. 3(紫云山白云母碱长花岗岩)、217. 4±2. 2 Ma和-10. 3~-3. 1(石板弯二云母碱长花岗岩)。因此,它们属于印支晚期的造山后花岗岩。另外,石板弯复式花岗岩体中云头界钨矿石中的热液锆石U- Pb年龄和εHf(t) 值分别为217. 7±2. 8 Ma和-10. 5~-3. 7,与石板弯二云母碱长花岗岩中的热液锆石U- Pb年龄和Hf同位素组成完全一致,说明两者具有密切的成因联系。笔者等认为:在早三叠世,华南板块受到印支板块、华北板块、太平洋板块等多个构造单元的挤压作用,造成华南地块地壳加厚和深熔作用;在~239 Ma,该区的挤压作用达到高峰,深部岩浆房中的初始花岗岩浆主动侵位形成同造山花岗岩(即复式花岗岩体的主体相);挤压高峰后,深部岩浆房中巨量的花岗岩浆开始漫长的分离结晶作用,导致岩浆房上部出现高度富集成矿物质的残余岩浆;在~225 Ma,该区的构造环境由挤压转为伸展,并在~217 Ma达到伸展作用的高峰期,此时深部岩浆房中高度分异的、体量很小的残余岩浆沿着张性断裂被动侵位;由于压力和温度的骤减,上升过程中的残余花岗岩浆发生流体—熔体溶离作用而分解为含大量成矿物质的硅质流体和碱性过铝质熔体,前者形成石英脉型或云英岩型岩浆热液矿床,而后者则形成造山后花岗岩(即复式花岗岩体的补体相)。根据该区同造山花岗岩的定位年龄所代表的挤压作用高峰期(~239 Ma)和造山后花岗岩的定位年龄所代表的伸展作用高峰期(~217 Ma)及大量的成岩和成矿作用的年代学资料,笔者等建议华南印支运动的时间范围可分为挤压环境的印支早期(250~225 Ma)和伸展环境的印支晚期(225~215 Ma)两个阶段,而绝大多数的岩浆热液矿床应该形成在印支晚期伸展作用的高峰期(~217 Ma)。  相似文献   

9.
扬子西缘二叠系—三叠系之交凝灰岩的研究对探讨峨眉山大火成岩省及古特提斯周缘岩浆弧火山活动的时限约束具有重要意义。本次工作在上扬子西缘永善地区晚二叠世宣威组中发现多层凝灰岩。对其底部和顶部凝灰岩进行LA- MC- ICP- MS锆石U- Pb测年和Hf同位素研究显示:底部凝灰岩加权平均年龄为258. 9±0. 7 Ma,锆石Th/Nb比值为2. 53~13. 05,εHf(t)值为3. 0~5. 0,TDM2为988~871 Ma;锆石微量元素、Hf同位素及二阶模式年龄显示其具有与峨眉山玄武岩相关的特征,为峨眉山大火成岩省后期产物。顶部凝灰岩加权平均年龄为254. 9±0. 6 Ma,锆石Th/Nb比值为36. 50~311. 85,εHf(t)值为-7. 4~-6. 9,TDM2为1573~1529 Ma;锆石微量元素、Hf同位素及二阶模式年龄特征表明其形成于宋马- 哀牢山- 金沙江构造带弧火山活动。研究表明:宣威组下部凝灰岩为峨眉山大火成岩省后期酸性火山活动的产物,研究区峨眉山火山活动至少持续到了258. 9±0. 7 Ma。古特提斯弧火山作用至少于254. 9±0. 6 Ma就已启动。  相似文献   

10.
对蚌埠隆起区庄子里和磨盘山钾长花岗岩进行了系统的年代学和地球化学以及锆石Hf同位素的研究, 以便对其岩石成因进行约束.研究结果表明, 庄子里和磨盘山钾长花岗岩中锆石发育震荡生长环带, 且具有较高的Th/U比值(0.13~1.47), 反映了岩浆成因特征.对庄子里和磨盘山钾长花岗岩中岩浆锆石进行的LA-ICP-MSU-Pb定年结果(上交点年龄) 分别为2104±20Ma和2196±190Ma, 这表明蚌埠隆起区钾长花岗岩的形成时代为古元古代.钾长花岗岩的SiO2和K2O含量分别介于69.65%~77.95%和4.98%~5.17%之间; 该类岩石富集轻稀土元素和Zr、Hf、Rb、Th、U等元素, 明显亏损Ba、Sr、Eu、P和Ti等元素; 它们的εNd(t) 值变化于-3.4~+3.2之间, Nd的模式年龄变化于2.31~2.79Ga之间; 钾长花岗岩中锆石的εHf(t) 值和Hf同位素两阶段模式年龄分别介于-5.1~+7.8和2.26~2.83Ga之间.上述特征表明, 蚌埠隆起区钾长花岗岩的原始岩浆起源于有少量古老地壳物质涉入的新生下地壳的部分熔融.庄子里和磨盘山钾长花岗岩为A型花岗岩, 形成于伸展的构造背景.   相似文献   

11.
东濮凹陷北部沙三中亚段广泛发育盐岩和烃源岩,这两个看似不能共存的物质却在这里互层共生。该时期研究区沉积特征为多盐韵律与多层烃源岩互层共生、连续沉积,单个盐韵律厚度从几米到十几米,烃源岩有机质丰度高、类型好。平面上,两者在湖盆沉积沉降中心共生;垂向上,高有机质丰度、好干酪根类型与高盐度地层具有较好的对应关系。因而成为恢复古气候和古环境的重要研究对象。通过岩石学、古生物学以及Sr/Ba、B/Ga、(V+Ni+Mn)、Fe/Mn、Sr/Cu、Mg/Ca、V/(V+Ni)、稀土元素含量和氯同位素等方法对凹陷北部沙三中亚段的沉积环境进行研究。结果表明,凹陷北部沙三中亚段为深水沉积的还原环境,古盐度较高,达到半咸水-咸水沉积;微量元素和孢粉化石特征表明研究区沙三中亚段为温暖潮湿的环境。  相似文献   

12.
In order to characterise the influence of the heavyrains on the observed landslides during the 1996–1997hydrological cycle, rainfall records for the last 100years are analysed from 104 stations in easternAndalusia. Regarding the amounts of rain recordedbetween October 1996 and March 1997 in the 104stations studied, 31 presented new all-time records;15 presented values that were 80–100% of thepre-1995 record; 49 stations, 80–50%; and 9stations, < 50%. A map has been devised of thesusceptibility of the materials through which thesouth-eastern Andalusian road network crosses,together with an inventory of the damage caused byinstability phenomena on banks and cuttings of theroad network during the winter of 1996–1997. Therelationships between the rainfall during the studyperiod, the damage caused to the road network and thesusceptibility of the materials affected are analysed.The results indicate that there is a clearcorrespondence between the rainfall recorded and thesusceptibility of the materials with the inventorieddamage. It is concluded that the widespread seriousdamage caused in early 1997 to the roads andsurrounding areas in the Alpujarra region and thecoast of the Province of Granada was mainly caused bythe extraordinarily heavy rains. However, considerablyless damage was observed where the susceptibility ofthe terrain is low, thus highlighting the extremeusefulness of terrain-susceptibility maps for riskprevention and territorial planning.  相似文献   

13.
郯庐断裂南段研究进展与断裂性质讨论   总被引:13,自引:3,他引:13  
据1:5万区域地质调查和专题研究资料,就郯庐断裂带是否南延与消失的原因,其与大别—苏鲁造山带交截形成的假位错效应,以及与中新生代沉积盆地形成演化的关系等作了新的阐述。在此基础上,讨论了郯庐断裂带是否为巨大的左行平移断层或转换断层。认为郯庐断裂带可能是在“古郯庐带”的基础上于早侏罗世重新活动、白垩纪强烈活动的地堑型枢纽断裂带。  相似文献   

14.
International unity is becoming ever stronger in this country owing to an increasing similarity in the development of the cultural environment. This comprises the provision of all the country's republics with a sufficient number of schools, theatres, and other institutions and cultural information media in accordance with the needs of the population. An important part is played by the rise in ‘the general educational level, as well as the level of professional qualifications and skills. Among all the Soviet nations and nationalities, this rise being more rapid among formerly backward peoples. Prominent among the factors of internationalization is the progressive development of the nationalities’ cultural resources, while professional culture is being increasingly brought within the reach of the masses.The implementation of the nationalities policy promotes the all-round development of all Soviet nations and nationalities, their drawing together, the upsurge of the individual capabilities of every Soviet citizen.  相似文献   

15.
塘口水电站大坝基础座落在断层和裂隙较发育的龟裂纹灰岩上,岩体完整性差、透水性强,多年运行后,大坝灌浆廊道和排水廊道出现多处集中性漏水,为确保大坝安全和电站正常发电,根据渗漏性质和成因,采用对灌浆廊道补充帷幕灌浆,对排水廊道进行固结+帷幕+回填灌浆。通过灌浆处理后,效果良好,表明灌浆工程有效的将导致坝基渗漏的上下游的裂隙通道封闭,并顺利的经受了随后的汛期洪水考验,大坝安全得到保障。  相似文献   

16.
某高速公路下伏煤矿采空区稳定性分析   总被引:10,自引:0,他引:10  
在论述某高速公路下伏砦脖煤矿采空区地质、采矿和工程地质特征的基础上, 进行了稳定性数值模拟分析, 定性与定量地分析与评价了该煤矿采空区的地表变形特征及稳定性。研究结果表明: 该煤矿采空区的变形尚未完成, 对拟建的高速公路将产生很大的危害, 必须采取相应的工程治理措施。   相似文献   

17.
The Global Stratotype Section and Point (GSSP) for the base of the Silurian System was defined in 1985. Since that time, a number of researchers have suggested that this section has serious deficiencies for use as a GSSP. As a result, in 2000, the Subcommission on Silurian Stratigraphy (SSS) proposed undertaking a formal restu@ of this GSSP, which was subsequently approved by the International Commission of Stratigraphy (ICS). The result of this restudy was the formal proposal that the current GSSP, at 1.6 m above the base of the Birkhill Shale, at Dob's Linn, Scotland, should be maintained as the same locality and stratigraphic level, but the bios- tratigraphical definition of the boundary should be revised. The previously defined, basal Silurian grapto- lite zone, the Parakidograptus acuminatus Zone, should be subdivided into a lower Akidograptus ascensus Zone and a higher E acuminatus Zone. The base of the A. ascensus Zone, marked by the first appearance of A. ascensus, should be regarded as the biostratigraphic mark for the base of the Silurian. This proposal has now been formally approved by the SSS and ICS, and ratified by International Union of Geological Sciences. This is the first GSSP to undergo formal restudy and redefini- tion, and the proposal also included a recommended procedure for restudy of GSSPs.  相似文献   

18.
In reservoir characterization, the covariance is often used to describe the spatial correlation and variation in rock properties or the uncertainty in rock properties. The inverse of the covariance, on the other hand, is seldom discussed in geostatistics. In this paper, I show that the inverse is required for simulation and estimation of Gaussian random fields, and that it can be identified with the differential operator in regularized inverse theory. Unfortunately, because the covariance matrix for parameters in reservoir models can be extremely large, calculation of the inverse can be a problem. In this paper, I discuss four methods of calculating the inverse of the covariance, two of which are analytical, and two of which are purely numerical. By taking advantage of the assumed stationarity of the covariance, none of the methods require inversion of the full covariance matrix.  相似文献   

19.
It is known from observations that the center of mass of the Moon does not coincide with the geometric center of its figure, and the line connecting these two centers is not aligned with the direction toward the center of the Earth, instead deviating toward the Southeast. This stationary deviation of the axis of the inertia ellipsoid of the Moon to the South of the direction toward the Earth is analyzed. A system of five linear differential equations describing the physical libration of the Moon in latitude is considered, and these equations are derived using a new vector method taking into account perturbations from the Earth and partly from the Sun. The characteristic equation of this system is obtained, and all five oscillation frequencies are found. Special attention is paid to the fifth (zero) frequency, for which the solution of the latitude libration equations are stationary and represents a previously unknown additional motion of the rotational axis of theMoon in a cone with a small opening angle. In contrast to the astronomical precession of the Earth, the rotation of the angular-velocity vector is in the positive direction (counter-clockwise), with the period T 3 = 27.32 days. On this basis, this phenomenon has been named “quasi-precession.” This quasi-precession leads to a stationary inclination of the major axis of the inertia ellipsoid of theMoon to the South (for an observer on Earth), making it possible to explain one component of the observed deviation of the center of mass of the Moon from the direction toward the Earth. The opening angle of the quasiprecession cone is approximately 0.834″.  相似文献   

20.
正Artemia cysts are an extremely important component of aquaculture diets.It is well established that the cultivation of fish and shellfish derive substantial health and growth advantages when Artemia are included in the diets of the  相似文献   

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