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1.
佛子岭群位于大别造山带最北缘，处于华北和扬子两大板块结合部位，构造位置十分关键，是解析两大板块精细耦合过程和探究大别造山带晚古生代构造事件的重要单元。然而，由于长期以来佛子岭群一直被视为"浅变质"复理石沉积单元，因而对其变质演化过程的解析较为薄弱，制约了对大别造山带形成过程的全面理解。本次通过对老虎场-龚店地质剖面细致的观测，石榴黑云母片麻岩精细的岩相学、矿物化学分析、热力学评价和年代学研究，建立了佛子岭群一个逆时针P-T变质演化型式。研究显示，佛子岭群记录了Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ和Ⅳ四个变质阶段，温压变化依次为：①T=658~663℃、P=1.08~1.16GPa→②T=755~762℃、P=1.21~1.45GPa→③T=549~554℃、P=1.08~1.19GPa→④P标定=0.3~0.6GPa、T=477~499℃，①至③为近等压升温和降温过程，③至④则表现为近等温降压型式。锆石U-Pb定年显示了1484±64Ma~1180±192Ma、995±35Ma~606±14Ma和370±14Ma~331±8Ma三组年龄，前两组代表了碎屑锆石年龄；第三组共计7颗锆石，年龄集中，Th/U比值0.01~0.03，加权平均年龄为344±11Ma，代表了主期变质年龄。结合此次地质剖面结构特征和岩石类型，以及前人白云母40Ar-39Ar的270~255Ma变质年龄，表明佛子岭群记录了两期变质事件，早期为晚古生代的拉张背景下的岛弧根部变质，晚期为晚古生代末的较为快速抬升构造热事件，并据此推测大别造山带可能为增生和碰撞复合型造山带。 相似文献
2.
阿尔泰超高温变泥质麻粒岩的锆石U-Pb年龄及其地质意义 总被引：2，自引：1，他引：1
最近我们通过岩相学观察和矿物温压计算,首次确定了在阿勒泰喀拉苏附近存在超高温变泥质麻粒岩,其矿物组合为石榴石+斜方辉石+夕线石+堇青石+尖晶石+黑云母+斜长石+石英等。斜方辉石成分具有高铝特点,其Al2O3含量高于8.0%,指示了其峰期变质作用达到了超高温(>900℃)的条件。P-T计算结果显示其峰期变质条件为:P=~8.0kb, T=~960℃。初步P-T估算结果表明了一个峰期后近等压冷却的逆时针P-T轨迹。我们对其中锆石进行了LA-ICP-MS U-Pb年龄测定,年龄结果主要分布于260~280Ma之间,具有峰值年龄271±5Ma,个别年龄为380~390Ma,继承锆石主要分布于450~500Ma之间。该年龄结果表明阿尔泰超高温变质事件发生于二叠纪,在时间上与二叠纪塔里木地幔柱活动的时间(~275Ma)高度一致,且也和该区广泛的二叠纪(260~280Ma) 后造山或非造山的基性岩和花岗岩侵入是同时的。因此,阿尔泰二叠纪超高温变泥质麻粒岩的形成,可能与由二叠纪塔里木地幔柱活动引起的岩浆底侵和下地壳伸展加热密切相关,这也与该超高温变泥质麻粒岩的逆时针P-T轨迹所反映的构造背景一致。 相似文献
3.
柴北缘欧龙布鲁克地块东段古元古代基性麻粒岩:岩石学、锆石U-Pb年代学和Lu-Hf同位素证据 总被引：2，自引：2，他引：0
在欧龙布鲁克地块东部地区的正片麻岩中识别出呈透镜状产出的基性麻粒岩,部分已转变为斜长角闪岩。其主要矿物组合为单斜辉石、斜方辉石、斜长石、角闪石等,为典型中低压麻粒岩相组合。锆石SHRIMP U-Pb定年得到基性麻粒岩1928±9Ma的变质年龄,片麻岩围岩得到了1927±20Ma的变质年龄,以及2368±5Ma、2377±7Ma的岩浆结晶年龄。片麻岩锆石Hf同位素数据显示变质锆石及岩浆锆石均具有相似的Hf同位素成分,其二阶段模式年龄为2590~2830Ma,显示其可能源于太古代地壳物质的再造。欧龙布鲁克地块古元古代岩浆及变质演化历史与塔里木克拉通及华北克拉通很高的相似性,预示着在古元古代三者可能具有一定的亲缘性。 相似文献
4.
桐柏造山带是连接秦岭造山带和红安-大别造山带的枢纽,一直被认为是三叠纪变质带。本文通过对其南部高压榴辉岩带内榴辉岩和白云母石英片岩的全岩化学、锆石U-Pb年代学和Lu-Hf同位素地球化学研究,首次确定该地区的榴辉岩存在早古生代变质作用。榴辉岩主要由石榴石、绿辉石和角闪石组成,含少量多硅白云母、石英和金红石等。榴辉岩中锆石的206Pb/238U加权平均年龄为452±5Ma,这些锆石具有低Th/U比值、低176Lu/177Hf比值,并具有平坦的HREE配分型式和无Eu负异常的特征,即为典型榴辉岩相的变质锆石。因此,452Ma代表该榴辉岩的变质时间。此外,白云母石英片岩中的锆石SIMS定年也获得450±93Ma的下交点年龄,证明白云母石英片岩与榴辉岩皆记录了早古生代的变质事件。榴辉岩的主微量元素及锆石Hf同位素特征反映榴辉岩原岩形成于板内环境,并且在侵位过程中遭到古老地壳物质的混染。结合桐柏造山带内不同岩石类型中早古生代的变质年龄,表明早古生代的变质作用在桐柏造山带内是普遍存在的。同时,桐柏造山带早古生代榴辉岩相变质事件的发现,进一步说明其经历了从古生代到中生代多阶段的构造演化。 相似文献
5.
宝音图群分布于内蒙古中西部狼山、图古日格和达茂旗一带，主要由云母片岩、石英片岩、石英岩、角闪岩和大理岩组成。在狼山格尔敖包沟和图古日格西南地区发育十分典型的石榴角闪岩，均以似层状或透镜状产自云母片岩中，但两地具有不同的矿物组合，前者主要以石榴石+角闪石+斜长石+含钛矿物（金红石和钛铁矿）为特征，后者主要以石榴石+角闪石+绿帘石+含钛矿物（金红石和钛铁矿）为特征。地球化学研究显示两个地区的石榴角闪岩原岩具有相似的化学组成，均为亚碱性玄武岩的拉斑系列。宝音图群的石榴角闪岩具有右倾的稀土配分模式，REE总量为83.31×10-6~125.9×10-6，（La/Yb）N比值为2.17~6.48，δEu=0.87~0.98。Ta、Nb、Ti没有明显的负异常，其配分型式类似E-MORB特点。微量元素构造判别图解表明这些石榴角闪岩的原岩产于板内拉张环境中。本文通过模拟格尔敖包沟样品LS01和图古日格西南地区样品LS35的P-T视剖面图研究其变质作用及矿物演化过程，结果显示这两个样品均经历了早期进变质，峰期以及峰后近等温减压的顺时针型P-T轨迹。样品LS01的峰期温压条件为~11kbar/~735℃，模拟得到的峰期矿物组合可能为石榴石+角闪石+斜长石+黑云母+透辉石+金红石+熔体，P-M（H2O）视剖面图显示，由于峰后演化过程中存在饱和流体渗透，导致峰期透辉石无法保留。样品LS35的峰期温度压力条件为~8kbar/675℃，其峰期组合为石榴石+角闪石+绿帘石+金红石。两个地区的石榴角闪岩的温度压力条件明显不同，推测宝音图群中呈透镜体或似层状产出的变质基性岩，存在着递增型的变质作用。锆石LA-ICP-MS U-Pb年代学的研究结果显示石榴角闪岩样品LS01的变质锆石年龄为394±8Ma。由此推测这些石榴角闪岩的原岩可能形成于华北北缘在新元古代发育的裂陷盆地，在泥盆纪中期，宝音图群作为华北克拉通的一部分，被卷入到与古亚洲洋闭合有关的造山过程，发育中压型递增变质作用。 相似文献
6.
北秦岭造山带的早古生代多期变质作用 总被引：15，自引：13，他引：2
北秦岭造山带的秦岭岩群以高级变质岩石为特征,主要包括少量榴辉岩、高压麻粒岩和区域上广泛分布的麻粒岩-角闪岩相变质岩石。年代学研究显示秦岭岩群中不同岩石记录了多期变质作用。已有的定年资料给出北秦岭官坡地区的榴辉岩的年龄为500Ma左右,代表榴辉岩相的变质时代。结合岩相学资料,对两个高压麻粒岩样品的SHRIMP和LA-ICPMS U-Pb测定分别获得504±7Ma 和506±3Ma的年龄,应代表高压麻粒岩相变质时代。这表明高压麻粒岩和相邻的榴辉岩有相近的变质时代,但形成在造山带中不同的构热造环境中。西峡地区的角闪二辉麻粒岩的U-Pb定年给出两组早古生代年龄,一组为440±2Ma,可能代表了中低压麻粒岩相的变质时代,另一组为426±1Ma,应代表区域角闪岩相的变质时代。桐柏山北部的石榴二辉麻粒岩的U-Pb定年数据给出436±1Ma的年龄,为中压麻粒岩相的变质时代。这些资料表明北秦岭造山带经历了早奥陶世的俯冲和地壳增厚作用,并在晚志留世遭受了广泛的巴罗式区域变质作用。 相似文献
7.
东昆仑造山带西段夏日哈木地区IV号岩体是镁铁-超镁铁质侵入体还是蛇绿岩单元仍存争议。本文对IV号岩体开展了野外地质特征、岩相学、地球化学及锆石U-Pb年代学的研究。IV号岩体主体为斜长角闪岩,呈透镜状产在片麻岩中。斜长角闪岩主要由角闪石、斜长石组成,含少量石英、黑云母、榍石和铁钛氧化物。具有基性岩的化学成分,属于拉斑玄武岩系列岩石,稀土配分模式中Eu显示正异常（δEu=1.3~1.6）,εNd（t）值为+3.5~+5.3,推测其原岩可能为堆晶辉长岩,明显不同于含铜镍矿的Ⅰ号镁铁-超镁铁岩体,与该地区出露的榴辉岩（退变榴辉岩）可以对比。斜长角闪岩中的锆石具有弱环带,采用LA-MC-ICP-MS方法得出的206Pb/238U加权平均年龄为421±4Ma （MSWD=2.8）,Th/U比值为0.01~3.26,指示锆石为变质-深熔成因,代表了斜长角闪岩的形成时代。夏日哈木地区的斜长角闪岩和该地区出露的榴辉岩及榴闪岩的原岩可能都是早期形成于陆壳环境的基性岩（大陆边缘的基性侵入岩或喷出岩）,在430Ma左右发生陆壳深俯冲作用时形成榴辉岩,420~410Ma榴辉岩发生不同程度退变形成榴闪岩和斜长角闪岩。由此推测,IV号岩体的构造属性与该地区的榴辉岩属性相同,形成于陆壳环境,其原岩不属于蛇绿岩单元。斜长角闪岩的出现指示了该地区原特提斯洋壳已俯冲消亡,深俯冲的陆壳开始折返,这对认识东昆仑早古生代的构造演化和铜镍矿形成的地质背景具有重要意义。 相似文献
8.
北山造山带南缘北山杂岩的锆石U-Pb定年和Hf同位素研究 总被引：5，自引：4，他引：1
北山造山带是中亚造山带的重要组成部分,大量高级变质岩在北山造山带多个构造单元(地块)中广泛分布,被认为是造山带的前寒武纪基底,以往统称为"北山杂岩"。但是,对这些基底岩石的形成时代、来源与归属,以及是否经历了与造山作用过程相关的变质作用等问题的认识仍不清楚。本文对位于造山带南缘,即石板山地块的石板墩斜长角闪岩、白墩子片麻岩及其中长英质脉体进行了锆石U-Pb定年及Hf同位素研究。分析结果表明石板墩斜长角闪岩、白墩子片麻岩都具有~880Ma的原岩结晶年龄和~295Ma的变质作用年龄;白墩子长英质脉体的形成年龄与片麻岩的变质年龄一致,为~295Ma。此外,白墩子片麻岩及长英质脉体的锆石还记录了更晚一期270~280Ma的变质作用。石板墩斜长角闪岩、白墩子片麻岩中原岩结晶锆石的初始176Hf/177Hf值为0.282063~0.282291,εHf(t)为-6.3~2.2,tDM2分布于1.62~2.14Ga之间,表明其原岩的岩浆可能起源于古元古代地壳的部分熔融并有新生物质的贡献。这反映了北山造山带南缘可能并不存在太古代的地壳基底,即北山造山带南缘的石板山地块并不是前人所认为的属于敦煌地块的一部分。石板墩斜长角闪岩、白墩子片麻岩中的变质成因锆石初始176Hf/177Hf值明显高于原岩岩浆锆石,反映了它们不是由原岩锆石改造形成,而是熔体中的新生锆石,代表了一次~295Ma的深熔事件。这也得到了白墩子片麻岩中发育同时期长英质脉体的支持。我们认为这一~295Ma的深熔作用事件可能形成于后碰撞的伸展构造环境。 相似文献
9.
宽坪岩群位于北秦岭造山带,主要由广东坪岩组斜长角闪岩、四岔口岩组云母石英片岩及谢湾岩组的大理岩组成。通过LA-MC-ICPMS锆石U-Pb测年研究,宽坪岩群谢湾岩组碎屑锆石年龄为400~3502 Ma,其中最年轻一组的206Pb/238U年龄在380~418 Ma,结合黑云母40Ar/39Ar（370.9±2.0）Ma的变质年龄,表明谢湾岩组形成在晚泥盆世。四岔口岩组碎屑锆石年龄介于512~3598 Ma,最年轻的一组锆石206Pb/238U年龄在512~549 Ma,其黑云母40Ar/39Ar变质年龄为（370.4±1.8）Ma,表明该组形成于512 Ma（早寒武世）之后,晚泥盆世之前,主体很可能形成于早古生代。宽坪岩群是由不同时代的地层和岩片构成,应该进一步解体。宽坪岩群物源来自华北陆块、秦岭造山带和扬子陆块。其变形变质时代为晚泥盆世,代表了北秦岭造山带碰撞造山的结束时代。 相似文献
10.
阿尔泰造山带富蕴基性麻粒岩锆石SHRIMP U-Pb年代学及其构造意义 总被引：4，自引：9，他引：4
阿尔泰造山带富蕴麻粒岩出露在富蕴县乌恰沟一带。通过四个麻粒岩样品的SHRIMP锆石U-Pb定年,本文获得四个谐和年龄,分别是268．0±5．5Ma、271．0±5．4Ma、271．0±6．0Ma、279．0±5．6Ma;同时也发现部分锆石从核部到边部存在着年龄差异,边部亮边的年龄与核部的年龄大约相差20Ma,认为这一亮边的年龄应该是代表麻粒岩变质年龄。依据锆石的发育特征,提出了该麻粒岩的原岩形成时代在268～279Ma,属于早二叠世中-晚期;而变质年龄要稍晚,约在255Ma,属于晚二叠世。结合该基性麻粒岩的演化过程和SHRIMP锆石U-Pb定年结果,认为阿尔泰造山带在早二叠世中-晚期还存在活动大陆边缘的岩浆活动,导致了麻粒岩的原岩——岛弧钙碱性玄武岩的形成;在晚二叠世时期,阿尔泰造山带曾发生过强烈的构造事件引起了岛弧钙碱性玄武岩发生麻粒岩相的变质作用,形成了富蕴乌恰沟基性麻粒岩。 相似文献
11.
东濮凹陷北部沙三中亚段广泛发育盐岩和烃源岩,这两个看似不能共存的物质却在这里互层共生。该时期研究区沉积特征为多盐韵律与多层烃源岩互层共生、连续沉积,单个盐韵律厚度从几米到十几米,烃源岩有机质丰度高、类型好。平面上,两者在湖盆沉积沉降中心共生;垂向上,高有机质丰度、好干酪根类型与高盐度地层具有较好的对应关系。因而成为恢复古气候和古环境的重要研究对象。通过岩石学、古生物学以及Sr/Ba、B/Ga、(V+Ni+Mn)、Fe/Mn、Sr/Cu、Mg/Ca、V/(V+Ni)、稀土元素含量和氯同位素等方法对凹陷北部沙三中亚段的沉积环境进行研究。结果表明,凹陷北部沙三中亚段为深水沉积的还原环境,古盐度较高,达到半咸水-咸水沉积;微量元素和孢粉化石特征表明研究区沙三中亚段为温暖潮湿的环境。 相似文献
12.
The Importance of the Precipitation and the Susceptibility of the Slopes for the Triggering of Landslides Along the Roads 总被引：3，自引：1，他引：2
Clemente Irigaray Francisco Lamas Rachid El Hamdouni Tomás Fernández José Chacón 《Natural Hazards》2000,21(1):65-81
In order to characterise the influence of the heavyrains on the observed landslides during the 1996–1997hydrological cycle, rainfall records for the last 100years are analysed from 104 stations in easternAndalusia. Regarding the amounts of rain recordedbetween October 1996 and March 1997 in the 104stations studied, 31 presented new all-time records;15 presented values that were 80–100% of thepre-1995 record; 49 stations, 80–50%; and 9stations, < 50%. A map has been devised of thesusceptibility of the materials through which thesouth-eastern Andalusian road network crosses,together with an inventory of the damage caused byinstability phenomena on banks and cuttings of theroad network during the winter of 1996–1997. Therelationships between the rainfall during the studyperiod, the damage caused to the road network and thesusceptibility of the materials affected are analysed.The results indicate that there is a clearcorrespondence between the rainfall recorded and thesusceptibility of the materials with the inventorieddamage. It is concluded that the widespread seriousdamage caused in early 1997 to the roads andsurrounding areas in the Alpujarra region and thecoast of the Province of Granada was mainly caused bythe extraordinarily heavy rains. However, considerablyless damage was observed where the susceptibility ofthe terrain is low, thus highlighting the extremeusefulness of terrain-susceptibility maps for riskprevention and territorial planning. 相似文献
13.
郯庐断裂南段研究进展与断裂性质讨论 总被引：13，自引：3，他引：13
据1：5万区域地质调查和专题研究资料，就郯庐断裂带是否南延与消失的原因，其与大别—苏鲁造山带交截形成的假位错效应，以及与中新生代沉积盆地形成演化的关系等作了新的阐述。在此基础上，讨论了郯庐断裂带是否为巨大的左行平移断层或转换断层。认为郯庐断裂带可能是在“古郯庐带”的基础上于早侏罗世重新活动、白垩纪强烈活动的地堑型枢纽断裂带。 相似文献
14.
15.
Guboglo M. N. 《GeoJournal》1980,4(1):53-58
International unity is becoming ever stronger in this country owing to an increasing similarity in the development of the cultural environment. This comprises the provision of all the country's republics with a sufficient number of schools, theatres, and other institutions and cultural information media in accordance with the needs of the population. An important part is played by the rise in ‘the general educational level, as well as the level of professional qualifications and skills. Among all the Soviet nations and nationalities, this rise being more rapid among formerly backward peoples. Prominent among the factors of internationalization is the progressive development of the nationalities’ cultural resources, while professional culture is being increasingly brought within the reach of the masses.The implementation of the nationalities policy promotes the all-round development of all Soviet nations and nationalities, their drawing together, the upsurge of the individual capabilities of every Soviet citizen. 相似文献
16.
某高速公路下伏煤矿采空区稳定性分析 总被引：10，自引：0，他引：10
在论述某高速公路下伏砦脖煤矿采空区地质、采矿和工程地质特征的基础上, 进行了稳定性数值模拟分析, 定性与定量地分析与评价了该煤矿采空区的地表变形特征及稳定性。研究结果表明: 该煤矿采空区的变形尚未完成, 对拟建的高速公路将产生很大的危害, 必须采取相应的工程治理措施。 相似文献
17.
Dean S. Oliver 《Mathematical Geology》1998,30(7):911-933
In reservoir characterization, the covariance is often used to describe the spatial correlation and variation in rock properties or the uncertainty in rock properties. The inverse of the covariance, on the other hand, is seldom discussed in geostatistics. In this paper, I show that the inverse is required for simulation and estimation of Gaussian random fields, and that it can be identified with the differential operator in regularized inverse theory. Unfortunately, because the covariance matrix for parameters in reservoir models can be extremely large, calculation of the inverse can be a problem. In this paper, I discuss four methods of calculating the inverse of the covariance, two of which are analytical, and two of which are purely numerical. By taking advantage of the assumed stationarity of the covariance, none of the methods require inversion of the full covariance matrix. 相似文献
18.
Jiayu Rong Michael Melchin S. Henry Williams Tatyana N. Koren Jacques Verniers 《《幕》》2008,31(3):315-318
The Global Stratotype Section and Point （GSSP） for the base of the Silurian System was defined in 1985. Since that time, a number of researchers have suggested that this section has serious deficiencies for use as a GSSP. As a result, in 2000, the Subcommission on Silurian Stratigraphy （SSS） proposed undertaking a formal restu@ of this GSSP, which was subsequently approved by the International Commission of Stratigraphy （ICS）. The result of this restudy was the formal proposal that the current GSSP, at 1.6 m above the base of the Birkhill Shale, at Dob＇s Linn, Scotland, should be maintained as the same locality and stratigraphic level, but the bios- tratigraphical definition of the boundary should be revised. The previously defined, basal Silurian grapto- lite zone, the Parakidograptus acuminatus Zone, should be subdivided into a lower Akidograptus ascensus Zone and a higher E acuminatus Zone. The base of the A. ascensus Zone, marked by the first appearance of A. ascensus, should be regarded as the biostratigraphic mark for the base of the Silurian. This proposal has now been formally approved by the SSS and ICS, and ratified by International Union of Geological Sciences. This is the first GSSP to undergo formal restudy and redefini- tion, and the proposal also included a recommended procedure for restudy of GSSPs. 相似文献
19.
Deviation of the major axis of the inertia ellipsoid of the Moon from the direction toward the Earth
B. P. Kondratyev 《Astronomy Reports》2017,61(8):709-714
It is known from observations that the center of mass of the Moon does not coincide with the geometric center of its figure, and the line connecting these two centers is not aligned with the direction toward the center of the Earth, instead deviating toward the Southeast. This stationary deviation of the axis of the inertia ellipsoid of the Moon to the South of the direction toward the Earth is analyzed. A system of five linear differential equations describing the physical libration of the Moon in latitude is considered, and these equations are derived using a new vector method taking into account perturbations from the Earth and partly from the Sun. The characteristic equation of this system is obtained, and all five oscillation frequencies are found. Special attention is paid to the fifth (zero) frequency, for which the solution of the latitude libration equations are stationary and represents a previously unknown additional motion of the rotational axis of theMoon in a cone with a small opening angle. In contrast to the astronomical precession of the Earth, the rotation of the angular-velocity vector is in the positive direction (counter-clockwise), with the period T 3 = 27.32 days. On this basis, this phenomenon has been named “quasi-precession.” This quasi-precession leads to a stationary inclination of the major axis of the inertia ellipsoid of theMoon to the South (for an observer on Earth), making it possible to explain one component of the observed deviation of the center of mass of the Moon from the direction toward the Earth. The opening angle of the quasiprecession cone is approximately 0.834″. 相似文献
20.
Important tendencies in development of the world mineral-resources sector at the beginning of the 21st century were an increase in production and consumption of mineral materials differentiated by types of metals and nonmetallic mineral raw materials, by countries and regions, as well as the concentration of the production of mineral raw materials in a small number of countries, and a reduction in industrial reserves of minerals in the world economy, even at the current stage of their extraction. These tendencies should be taken into account in working out a strategy for development of the Russian mineral raw-material base. 相似文献