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通过对赣南江贝稀土矿床进行岩相学、矿床学和地球化学研究,表明该矿床成矿母岩主要为寻乌岩组变质岩,岩性有变粒岩、片岩和片麻岩,其中云母片岩稀土元素含量最高,是最有利的成矿母岩,属轻稀土富集型母岩,是近些年新发现的1处中深变质岩风化壳离子吸附型稀土矿。矿区呈低缓丘陵地貌,风化壳平均厚度12.33 m,矿体主要赋存于全风化层中,矿体平均厚度4.68 m,SRE2O3品位0.035%～0.122%,属离子吸附型稀土矿。稀土主要来源于易风化的水磷酸盐类矿物和稀土氟碳酸盐类矿物,风化壳化学蚀变指数CIA>90%,表明了强烈的风化作用为矿床的形成创造了有利条件。会昌—安远—寻乌地区中深变质岩广泛分布,具有大型稀土矿成矿潜力。 相似文献
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通过对贵州水城—纳雍地区峨眉山玄武岩风化壳离子吸附型稀土矿床的风化壳结构、矿体垂向变化特征的综合研究,总结了矿床特征、风化壳特征、区域成矿条件。风化壳中全风化层是稀土矿富集最好的层位; (La/Yb)N、ΣLREE/ΣHREE比值较高,属于强轻稀土富集类型。严格受母岩、地形、气候、地层、构造等因素共同作用。稀土矿床具备分布面广、埋藏浅、厚度大、品位高等地质特征。可以指导贵州西部地区寻找同类型大型稀土矿产地。 相似文献
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惠东地区位于广东东南部,燕山期花岗岩较为发育,在温润潮湿的气候条件下,花岗岩在地表易发生风化作用,稀土元素以离子形式淋滤至风化壳下部并吸附在矿物粘土表面,当稀土到具有开采价值的品位时,便形成离子吸附型稀土矿床。前人对该矿床形成岩体地质和地球化学特征等方面进行广泛的讨论（岳书仓等,1989;陈炳辉等,1995）,相对于成矿岩体,该区风化壳地球化学特征研究较显薄弱。本文在分析风化壳中元素地球化学特征的基础上,探讨稀土元素富集与CIA（Chemical Index of Alteration）及WIG（Weathering Index of Granite）值之间的关系,同时通过分析稀土元素质量迁移系数,讨论轻重稀土元素迁出程度与深度之间相关性,旨在阐明风化壳剖面中稀土元素迁出迁入规律和分布位置,为进一步研究该类型矿床稀土富集特征提供一定依据。 相似文献
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四川沐川地区上二叠统宣威组底部稀土富集层地球化学特征及其成因 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
扬子陆块西南缘滇、黔地区上二叠统宣威组(P3x)底部存在的稀土富集层已经有很多报导.采集四川沐川地区ZK15-3钻孔宣威组底部的16件黏土岩及玄武岩样品进行地球化学测试分析,通过矿物学和地球化学特征的研究探讨了稀土富集层的成因.测试结果表明,样品ΣREE为263.87～12 820.56×10-6,ΣLREE/ΣHREE 为4.31～43.31;w(TiO2)为 1.65％～14.6％,LaN/YbN 比值介于7.73～130.26,属于轻稀土富集.δEu值介于0.26～0.92,Eu负异常明显,δCe值介于0.87～1.25,Ce丰度无明显异常.稀土富集层自下而上ΣREE先增长后降低,依层序变化曲线总体呈"中隆形",岩性上稀土元素显著富集于铁质、铝质黏土岩中.综合稀土富集层的地质特征、稀土分配模式、对峨眉山玄武岩钛元素高含量背景的继承性、主微量元素建立的物源性质图解判别结果以及Ce/La和Sm/Nd比值的DF判别结果等,认为稀土富集层下亚段铁质黏土岩的形成以高钛玄武岩风化淋滤作用为主,上亚段铝质黏土岩、深灰色黏土岩等为玄武岩风化剥蚀后搬运再沉积并混有上地壳中酸性火成岩提供的部分物源的产物.该项研究可为川南地区稀土矿的找矿工作提供重要线索,对构架整个西南峨眉山玄武岩地区黏土岩型稀土矿的成矿理论具有重要意义. 相似文献
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八尺风化淋积型稀土矿凝灰岩风化壳中的细粒矿物特征 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
采用电感耦合等离子质谱(ICP-MS)、X射线衍射(XRD)、傅里叶变换红外光谱(FTIR)和透射电子显微镜(TEM)等方法,研究了粤北八尺凝灰岩风化淋积型稀土矿床中细粒矿物组分(2μm部分)的地球化学及矿物学特征。发现凝灰岩风化壳全风化层中细粒矿物组分中稀土元素(REE)的相对含量约为全风化层总体REE相对含量的2倍,细粒矿物组分主要以管状埃洛石和高岭石等粘土矿物为主。它们对REE的赋存尤其是铈(Ce)的赋存状态起着重要作用。方铈石纳米矿物颗粒或通过库仑力吸附于粘土矿物表面。所获凝灰岩风化壳全风化层中REE特征及细粒组分的矿物组成、微观形貌和结构的信息对理解凝灰岩风化淋积型稀土矿床的成矿特征具有一定作用。 相似文献
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云南盈江地区广泛分布三叠纪至古近纪等各个时代的酸性侵入岩,岩体中稀土元素丰度较高(ΣREE=117. 92×10~(-6)～645. 24×10~(-6)),风化壳发育广泛,具有较好的找寻离子吸附型稀土矿的前景。利用原岩岩石地球化学、矿体稀土总量、稀土元素浸出率等手段,得知该地区稀土矿含矿原岩为中粗粒二长花岗岩,并多位于其全风化层下部和半风化层上部,负铕异常明显(δEu=0. 24～0. 42),轻稀土较重,稀土分馏明显(LREE/HREE=7. 67～17. 70,LaN/YbN=9. 66～40. 19),或起源于深源,经部分熔融、分离结晶成;离子型稀土元素占比差异巨大,从半风化层底部的4. 69%变化至上部全风化层的73. 33%,浸出可利用稀土元素以镧钕为主。本文认为盈江地区南部多为低钇富镧钕轻稀土型稀土矿,北部为中钇轻稀土型稀土矿,并呈现出南部稀土总量高于北部、向北有重稀土元素富集的趋势。未来在盈江北东部拉排一带具有较大的找寻重稀土矿的潜力。 相似文献
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滇西陇川地区广泛分布着白垩纪至古近纪中酸性花岗岩,以邦棍尖山为代表的岩体花岗岩稀土含量较高,经复杂的风化淋滤作用,岩体中的稀土元素在风化壳中迁移、富集成矿,陇川营盘山稀土矿即为近年新发现的该类型矿产地之一。为研究新发现的营盘山稀土矿稀土元素分布特征、富集规律及稀土配分特征,利用电感耦合等离子体质谱仪(ICP-MS)分析成矿母岩及其风化壳不同风化程度样品稀土分量,结果表明:风化壳各层位稀土元素分布特征相比母岩具有明显的继承性,随风化程度升高,轻重稀土分馏程度升高,轻稀土在全风化层上部相对富集,且随风化程度升高轻稀土富集程度升高,而重稀土的富集程度则逐渐减弱,Gd是风化壳富集能力最强的元素,Dy富集能力最弱,Ce富集在近地表,重稀土具有更强的向下迁移能力。同时,研究发现该稀土矿床的稀土配分特征为低钇、铕,富镧、铈、钕。 相似文献
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云南省澜沧县地处临沧花岗岩的中南段，在其境内发现多地与花岗岩风化壳有关的离子吸附型稀土矿床。文章通过对该区晚三叠世黑云母二长花岗岩风化壳全风化层的剖面及钻孔样品分析，对赋存于花岗岩风化壳离子吸附型稀土矿床的成矿地质地球化学特征进行研究，探讨其关键成矿过程并总结地形地貌与风化壳和矿体露头的关系。研究表明，黑云母二长花岗岩风化壳分层特征明显，离子吸附型稀土矿体规模及形态严格受风化壳发育程度及微地貌控制；花岗岩风化壳全风化层稀土元素配分曲线呈右倾平滑的浅“W”型，轻稀土元素的分异程度强于重稀土元素；除Ce元素外，轻稀土元素的浸出率略高于重稀土元素；矿石类型为以轻稀土元素为主、中重稀土元素配分齐全的混合型稀土矿。通过厘定离子吸附型稀土矿床的关键成矿过程，文章发现内应力、渗透能力、风化程度、黏土矿物含量在风化壳剖面中由上至下变化特征综合决定了稀土矿体主要定位于风化壳全风化层。 相似文献
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Guboglo M. N. 《GeoJournal》1980,4(1):53-58
International unity is becoming ever stronger in this country owing to an increasing similarity in the development of the cultural environment. This comprises the provision of all the country's republics with a sufficient number of schools, theatres, and other institutions and cultural information media in accordance with the needs of the population. An important part is played by the rise in ‘the general educational level, as well as the level of professional qualifications and skills. Among all the Soviet nations and nationalities, this rise being more rapid among formerly backward peoples. Prominent among the factors of internationalization is the progressive development of the nationalities’ cultural resources, while professional culture is being increasingly brought within the reach of the masses.The implementation of the nationalities policy promotes the all-round development of all Soviet nations and nationalities, their drawing together, the upsurge of the individual capabilities of every Soviet citizen. 相似文献
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Chronological analyses of correlations between certain global repeating events (mass extinctions of marine organisms, meteorite impacts, and flashes in the frequency of geomagnetic reversals) during the Phanerozoic Eon and the motion of the solar system in the Galaxy are presented for five rotationally symmetrical models for the regular Galactic gravitational field. Thirteen of sixteen mass-extinction events can be described by a repetition interval of 183±3 million years. This is in agreement with the anomalistic period (interval between two subsequent passages of the Sun through the apocenter of its Galactic orbit) in the model of Allen and Martos. The positions of the minima and maxima in Gaussian functions approximating the frequency distribution for geomagnetic reversals also agree with the times of passage of the Sun through the apocenter and pericenter, respectively, of its Galactic orbit in this model. The maximum in the distribution of the deviations of the dates of mass extinctions from the nearest dates of impacts of large, crater-forming bodies is close to zero, providing evidence that many such events are correlated. As a rule, extinctions follow impact events. The impacts of large bodies have occurred most often when the solar system passes through the Galactic plane, while mass extinctions occur more often at some distance from the Galactic plane (about 40 pc). As a rule, intervals of increases in the frequency of geomagnetic reversals coincide with dates of impacts of large bodies. At the same time, these intervals do not show a clear correlation with the dates of mass extinctions. The intensity of mass extinctions, like the energy released by impacts, is consistently higher in periods when the Sun is moving from the apocenter toward the pericenter of its orbit, than when it is moving from the pericenter toward the apocenter. Thus, there is evidence for a variety of relationships between repeating global events in the Phanerozoic and the motion of the Sun in the Galaxy. Long-period variations in the frequency of geomagnetic reversals are correlated with the orbital motion of the Sun, and increases in the frequency of geomagnetic reversals are correlated with impacts. Mass extinctions are correlated with the impacts of large bodies, whose motions may have been perturbed by clouds of interstellar material concentrated toward the Galactic plane and by the shock front associated with the Perseus spiral arm, through which the solar system passes. The velocity of the Sun relative to the spiral pattern is estimated. 相似文献
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Deviation of the major axis of the inertia ellipsoid of the Moon from the direction toward the Earth
B. P. Kondratyev 《Astronomy Reports》2017,61(8):709-714
It is known from observations that the center of mass of the Moon does not coincide with the geometric center of its figure, and the line connecting these two centers is not aligned with the direction toward the center of the Earth, instead deviating toward the Southeast. This stationary deviation of the axis of the inertia ellipsoid of the Moon to the South of the direction toward the Earth is analyzed. A system of five linear differential equations describing the physical libration of the Moon in latitude is considered, and these equations are derived using a new vector method taking into account perturbations from the Earth and partly from the Sun. The characteristic equation of this system is obtained, and all five oscillation frequencies are found. Special attention is paid to the fifth (zero) frequency, for which the solution of the latitude libration equations are stationary and represents a previously unknown additional motion of the rotational axis of theMoon in a cone with a small opening angle. In contrast to the astronomical precession of the Earth, the rotation of the angular-velocity vector is in the positive direction (counter-clockwise), with the period T 3 = 27.32 days. On this basis, this phenomenon has been named “quasi-precession.” This quasi-precession leads to a stationary inclination of the major axis of the inertia ellipsoid of theMoon to the South (for an observer on Earth), making it possible to explain one component of the observed deviation of the center of mass of the Moon from the direction toward the Earth. The opening angle of the quasiprecession cone is approximately 0.834″. 相似文献
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位于华北和扬子两板块碰撞带中的苏鲁榴辉岩形成的温压条件不但是超高压，而且是高温。榴辉岩的PTt轨迹表明其为陆-陆磁撞俯冲带的产物。榴辉岩的区域性围岩花岗质片麻岩为新元古代同碰撞期花岗岩，榴辉岩及其他直接围岩皆呈包体存在于其中，并见新元古代花岗岩呈脉状侵入榴辉岩包体中。区域性围岩新元古代花岗岩的锆石中发现有柯石英、绿辉石等包裹体，表明新元古代花岗岩的组成物质也经受过超高压变质作用，且榴辉岩与围岩新元古代花岗岩的锆石U-Pb体系同位素年龄基本相同。但新元古代花岗岩所记录的变质作用和变形作用期次（或阶段）却少于榴辉岩。椐上述可得如下推断：超高压榴辉岩与新元古代花岗岩岩浆是同时在碰撞带底部（俯冲板块前部）形成的；榴辉岩的第一折返阶段是由新元古代花岗岩岩浆携带上升的，其第二折返阶段是和新元古代花岗岩一起由逆冲及区域性隆起而上升，遭受剥蚀。 相似文献
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摩擦桩基桩土间极限摩阻力取值问题探讨 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
通过对广珠东线高速公路横沥大桥的试桩及土体的工程地质条件分析,总结出影响摩擦桩基桩土间极限摩阻力取值的一般问题以及解决问题的方法和措施。 相似文献
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某高速公路下伏煤矿采空区稳定性分析 总被引：10，自引：0，他引：10
在论述某高速公路下伏砦脖煤矿采空区地质、采矿和工程地质特征的基础上, 进行了稳定性数值模拟分析, 定性与定量地分析与评价了该煤矿采空区的地表变形特征及稳定性。研究结果表明: 该煤矿采空区的变形尚未完成, 对拟建的高速公路将产生很大的危害, 必须采取相应的工程治理措施。 相似文献
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The structure of the eastern Pyrenees consists mainly of south-directed thrusts involving basement and cover rocks. An antiformal stack developed by the piling up of basement thrust sheets which outcrop in the Axial zone. These structures account for a thin-skinned thrust model rather than a vertical fault model in which the Axial zone would be essentially autochthonous, and the North-Pyrenean fault the axial plane of a fan thrust system. New data from the Eastern Pyrenees and the thin-skinned model suggest that(1) the structure east of the Pedraforca nappe is similar to that of the Central Pyrenees; (2) the cover rocks of the South-Pyrenean units and of the Axial zone-after restoration—built up a northwards-thickening prism consistent with the existence of a unique Pyrenean sedimentary basin during Mesozoic time; (3) the Axial zone is only a complex antiformal stack developed as a part of South-Pyrenean system related to the Paleogene thrusting-tectonics. The Axial zone palaeogeographic area had no special meaning during Mesozoic time. 相似文献
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Michel Westphal Mikhail L. Bazhenov Jean Paul Lauer Diamar M. Pechersky Jean-Claude Sibuet 《Tectonophysics》1986,123(1-4)
We first re-examined the apparent polar wander curves for stable Eurasia and Africa since the Triassic. These curves were then combined together with curves of North and South America according to the kinematics of the Atlantic ocean and a synthetic polar wander curve was given. Then, most of the paleomagnetic results from the Tethys mobile belt, from the Atlantic to the Pamirs, were analysed.Several groups of plates, microplates and blocks can be seen. First, relatively stable regions like Maghreb and Sicily, which have not moved much. Then we have a group formed by Iberia, Sardinia, Italy and, to a lesser extent, Corsica and the Western and Central Alps. For these blocks, movements are anticlockwise rotations chiefly driven by the anticlockwise rotation of Africa, but they are sometimes stronger.To the east, a major change takes place. The north of the Aegean Sea and the Ionian zone are clockwise rotated and these rotations are recent: Oligocene-Miocene for the first part, Pliocene to the present for the second part.A major problem arises in Turkey, Caucasus and Iran. Paleomagnetic results indicate a position far to the south of Eurasia, and, at the same time, geological evidence is in favour of a position close to Eurasia. We discuss these discrepancies. 相似文献