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1.
采用LA-ICP-MS方法,对四川盆地南部会理地区古近纪雷打树组碎屑锆石进行了U-Th-Pb同位素测定,获得了72组单颗粒锆石的U-Pb年龄,建立了碎屑锆石的U-Pb年龄谱。结果表明,雷打树组碎屑锆石U-Pb年龄区间为2465~204Ma,地质时代为古元古代最早期成铁纪至晚三叠世最晚期瑞替阶,年龄分布具有清晰的幕式分布特征,集中分布于5个区间,出现了5个明显的峰值,物源区主要为扬子陆块西缘及其西侧的“三江”造山带。雷打树组碎屑锆石U-Pb年龄谱显示,扬子陆块西缘经历了古元古代陆壳增生、中元古代Rodinia超大陆汇聚、新元古代晚期Rodinia超大陆裂解、二叠纪玄武岩喷溢及中-晚三叠世印支运动5次重要的构造热事件,与扬子陆块西缘形成演化进程完全吻合。与四川盆地古近纪柳嘉组碎屑锆石的U-Pb年龄谱相比,雷打树组碎屑锆石U-Pb年龄谱缺失侏罗纪、白垩纪信号,增加了早奥陶世和早泥盆世信号,说明四川盆地北部与南部的物源存在一定的区别。碎屑锆石U-Pb年龄谱对比结果显示,雷打树组碎屑锆石U-Pb年龄谱具有较高的精确度,扬子陆块与华夏陆块自1000Ma汇聚以来具有很好的亲缘性,而与华北克拉通之间直至400Ma才开始建立亲缘关系。 相似文献
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四川会理地区古近纪雷打树组碎屑锆石LA-ICP-MSU-Pb年龄及其地质意义 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
采用LA-ICP-MS方法,对四川盆地南部会理地区古近纪雷打树组碎屑锆石进行了U-Th-Pb同位素测定,获得了72组单颗粒锆石的U-Pb年龄,建立了碎屑锆石的U-Pb年龄谱。结果表明,雷打树组碎屑锆石U-Pb年龄区间为2465~204Ma,地质时代为古元古代最早期成铁纪至晚三叠世最晚期瑞替阶,年龄分布具有清晰的幕式分布特征,集中分布于5个区间,出现了5个明显的峰值,物源区主要为扬子陆块西缘及其西侧的"三江"造山带。雷打树组碎屑锆石U-Pb年龄谱显示,扬子陆块西缘经历了古元古代陆壳增生、中元古代Rodinia超大陆汇聚、新元古代晚期Rodinia超大陆裂解、二叠纪玄武岩喷溢及中—晚三叠世印支运动5次重要的构造热事件,与扬子陆块西缘形成演化进程完全吻合。与四川盆地古近纪柳嘉组碎屑锆石的U-Pb年龄谱相比,雷打树组碎屑锆石U-Pb年龄谱缺失侏罗纪、白垩纪信号,增加了早奥陶世和早泥盆世信号,说明四川盆地北部与南部的物源存在一定的区别。碎屑锆石U-Pb年龄谱对比结果显示,雷打树组碎屑锆石U-Pb年龄谱具有较高的精确度,扬子陆块与华夏陆块自1000Ma汇聚以来具有很好的亲缘性,而与华北克拉通之间直至400Ma才开始建立亲缘关系。 相似文献
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扬子陆块新元古代地层发育完整并广泛分布,三峡地区南沱组冰碛岩是扬子北部南华纪的冰成杂砾岩,不整合地覆盖在新元古代黄陵花岗岩之上.南沱组冰碛岩成分复杂,分选性差,缺乏可对比的标志,其沉积时代和物源组成研究较少且存在争议.对南沱组冰碛岩开展锆石U-Pb定年工作,得到最年轻的锆石年龄为706±7 Ma,印证了南沱组沉积时代应不早于700 Ma的说法,并可与Marinoan冰期对应.所获得锆石U-Pb年龄谱峰值主要分为~3.0 Ga,2.5~2.3 Ga,2.05~1.95 Ga和900~700 Ma,反映了扬子陆块4次地壳再造事件,其中古元古代和太古代年龄与崆岭杂岩相似,900~800 Ma和800~700 Ma的锆石年龄与附近黄陵花岗岩和扬子北缘岩体一致.冰碛砂岩的微量元素和同位素组成分异明显,可能是扬子北缘岩体、黄陵花岗岩和崆岭杂岩不同程度混合的结果.南沱组冰碛岩中包裹的花岗质砾石表现出不同的微量元素特征,具有偏低的稀土含量和亏损的重稀土组成,结合其锆石U-Pb年龄和Sr-Nd同位素特征,这些花岗质砾石主体可能来自于附近黄陵花岗岩和崆岭岩基.南沱组冰碛岩的物质组成特征反映了新元古时期,扬子地区强烈的裂谷岩浆作用所导致的北高南低的地势环境. 相似文献
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扬子陆核与神农架地块中元古代相互关系:来自锆石U-Pb年代学和Hf同位素的约束 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
通常将华南克拉通的形成理解为扬子陆块与华夏陆块于新元古代沿江南造山带的碰撞拼合,但对两陆块内部的组成和演化关系的了解却相对有限。通过对比神农架地区和扬子陆核区前寒武纪地层碎屑锆石的年龄结构及其原位Hf同位素组成特征,分析了扬子陆块西北部中元古代晚期-新元古代早期的构造演化规律,并对其与统一华南克拉通形成的关系进行了探讨。对前人数据进行统计和对比的结果表明,神农架群碎屑锆石年龄谱中记录了约1.6Ga的年龄峰值,且其原位Hf-O同位素分析指示该期岩浆事件存在幔源物质加入,而相应的岩浆事件(锆石)在扬子陆块陆核区(崆岭地区)前寒武纪地层或岩浆岩单元中缺乏记录。结合神农架群细粒沉积岩Nd同位素地层学特征,指示中元古代时期神农架地区位于活动大陆边缘的构造环境,且神农架群沉积地层的碎屑物质并非由扬子陆核区的崆岭基底岩系经风化-剥蚀作用提供,即非扬子陆核区的边缘盆地。这些证据说明,在新元古代以前,神农架地区与扬子陆核区之间属于两个独立的次一级微陆块。 相似文献
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昆阳群的形成时代、沉积环境、源岩性质等一直存在较大争议,为了查明滇中地区昆阳群的物源及其形成的构造环境,文章在分析昆阳群沉积组合和沉积相的基础上,对昆阳群3件变质砂岩样品中的碎屑锆石进行LA-ICPMS锆石U-Pb年龄测定,对昆阳群20件极低级变质碎屑岩进行地球化学分析。从昆阳群黄草岭组、黑山头组和美党组中分别获得了最年轻的谐和年龄为984.0 Ma、945.0 Ma和954.0 Ma;碎屑锆石年龄峰谱显示,在1.0 Ga、1.35Ga、1.73 Ga和2.44 Ga出现了统计峰值,其年龄主要集中在1.73 Ga和1.35 Ga。表明昆阳群源区主要经历了1.0 Ga、1.35 Ga、1.73 Ga和2.44 Ga的构造热事件,资料显示扬子地块西南缘出露的大红山群形成时代为1.7 Ga,格林威尔期的构造热事件时期为1.0~1.3 Ga。此外,地球化学分析结果表明昆阳群源岩主要是形成于大陆岛弧—活动大陆边缘的石英质旋回沉积、长英质岩石和少量镁铁质岩石。在中元古代晚期—新元古代早期(0.95~1.0 Ga),Rodinia超大陆形成阶段,在扬子地块西南缘的弧后前陆盆地中形成昆阳群的沉积组合,物源主要来自扬子地块西南缘的大红山群和格林威尔期岛弧的岩石。 相似文献
6.
出露于扬子北缘大洪山地区的打鼓石群是扬子地区保留比较完整的中元古代地层,其上被青白口系花山群不整合覆盖。通常认为其与神农架群时代相当,但缺乏物源及同位素地质年代学证据。首次报导了打鼓石群底部太阳寺组砂岩的碎屑锆石U-Pb年龄。测年结果显示,该砂岩中碎屑锆石最古老的年龄为3.1~3.2Ga,最年轻年龄为1124Ma,并在2.65Ga和2.75Ga出现统计峰值,且年龄组成与崆岭杂岩区和杨坡杂岩区的多期岩浆活动具有较好的可比性。而鄂西地区神农架群沉积于1.1~1.4Ga,主要统计峰值年龄为1.6Ga、2~2.1Ga、2.7~2.8Ga。因此,打鼓石群沉积时间晚于神农架群,两者非同物异名。 相似文献
7.
古老锆石和岩石的发现，是探索地球早期地质演化的关键.为进一步揭示扬子陆块基底物质组成和早期地壳形成演化，采用LA-ICP-MS锆石微区U-Pb测年，对扬子陆块西南缘禄丰地区东川群变质砂岩进行了年代学研究，发现3 822±21 Ma的古老碎屑锆石.这是目前在扬子陆块获得的第2颗>3.8 Ga的古老锆石，也是目前在该地区发现的最老锆石.变质砂岩碎屑物质主要包括4个峰值年龄（~2 320 Ma、~2 162 Ma、~2 036 Ma和~1 915 Ma），2颗最年轻的锆石年龄基本限定了东川群早期最大沉积时限，与区域上火山岩时代相吻合.另外还包含少量中-晚太古代（2.6~2.9 Ga）和始太古代（3.7~3.8 Ga）的碎屑物质.Hf同位素组成显示这些碎屑锆石具有不同成因，其中2 674~3 822 Ma的碎屑锆石总体具有正的εHf（t）值和2.9~3.9 Ga的两阶段模式年龄，暗示扬子陆块在冥古宙-古太古代时期就有一定规模的新生陆壳分布.古元古代（1.9~2.4 Ga）的岩浆活动除有少量古元古代（2.3~2.4 Ga）新生地壳组分熔融外，大多为太古宙（2.5~3.7 Ga）古老地壳部分熔融.中元古代更多表现为古老地壳的熔融和物质再循环.研究结果为深化扬子陆块早前寒武纪地质演化认识提供了新资料. 相似文献
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扬子克拉通神农架群锆石和斜锆石U-Pb年代学及其构造意义 总被引：11，自引：5，他引：6
出露于扬子北缘神农架地区的神农架群是扬子地区保留比较完整的中元古代地层,其上部被青白口系马槽园群不整合覆盖.本文报导了神农架群砂屑白云岩、凝灰岩及侵入神农架群中的基性岩墙锆石及斜锆石U-Pb年龄.测年表明,神农架群下部大岩坪组碎屑锆石在1.4Ga、1.8Ga、2.0Ga、2.7Ga出现统计峰值;神农架群野马河组凝灰岩锆石U-Pb年龄为～1220Ma;侵入于石槽河组的基性岩墙斜锆石及锆石U-Pb年龄分别为1115Ma和1083Ma.根据新的测年结果,结合区域地质分析,我们得出以下几点主要结论:(1)可以将神农架群的沉积时代严格限定在1.4～1.1Ga之间,并推测神农架群碎屑物主体来自扬子克拉通古老基底,另有部分碎屑物质可能来自华夏地块或劳伦的前寒武纪基底;(2)神农架群和马槽园群之间的角度不整合面大致确定在1.1～1.0Ga之间,这一不整合面可能代表了扬子与华夏之间最早发生拼合的构造事件,是Rodinia超大陆汇聚事件的构造响应;(3)侵入于石槽河组的基性岩墙侵入时代为1115～1083Ma,这一期基性岩侵入事件在劳伦、非洲、澳大利亚以及南极洲都有记录.神农架地区的这一时期基性岩侵入事件是Rodinia超大陆汇聚过程中的产物还是和该时期全球性的超级地幔柱有关尚需要进一步研究;(4)神农架群沉积时代的确定,为建立我国1.4～1.1Ga期间的标准地层剖面提供了可能的候选剖面.(5)神农架群大岩坪组～1.45Ga碎屑锆石年龄峰为华夏地块在Columbia超大陆中位于劳伦和南极之间的观点提供了新依据. 相似文献
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扬子克拉通北缘中元古代—新元古代地质构造演化一直是地学界研究的热点。本文报道了大别造山带红安地块康家湾混杂岩中榴闪岩岩块和含石榴子石白云钠长片岩基质中锆石U-Pb年龄和Hf同位素组成。结果表明,康家湾混杂岩中榴闪岩岩块的原岩形成时间为1064±10 Ma,且经历了183±3 Ma的流体作用过程;中元古代锆石Hf同位素组成(εHf(t)=4.7～12.3)接近当时的亏损地幔值,指示榴闪岩原岩(玄武质岩石)可能来自亏损的地幔源区部分熔融作用;混杂基质中碎屑锆石年龄谱可大致分为2576 Ma、2065～1698 Ma、1071～560 Ma和254～156 Ma四组,暗示其物源可能主要来自于近源的秦岭-大别造山带前寒武纪基底;基质中最年轻的岩浆锆石年龄为～240 Ma,表明康家湾混杂岩的最终就位时间可能在晚三叠世到早侏罗世之间。综合秦岭-大别造山带新元古代构造演化过程,本研究认为大别造山带红安地块与扬子克拉通庙湾蛇绿岩、神农架弧等共同构成了一套中元古代末期—新元古代早期岛弧增生造山体系,从而支持扬子克拉通可能由一系列微陆块逐渐拼合而成。 相似文献
11.
Guboglo M. N. 《GeoJournal》1980,4(1):53-58
International unity is becoming ever stronger in this country owing to an increasing similarity in the development of the cultural environment. This comprises the provision of all the country's republics with a sufficient number of schools, theatres, and other institutions and cultural information media in accordance with the needs of the population. An important part is played by the rise in ‘the general educational level, as well as the level of professional qualifications and skills. Among all the Soviet nations and nationalities, this rise being more rapid among formerly backward peoples. Prominent among the factors of internationalization is the progressive development of the nationalities’ cultural resources, while professional culture is being increasingly brought within the reach of the masses.The implementation of the nationalities policy promotes the all-round development of all Soviet nations and nationalities, their drawing together, the upsurge of the individual capabilities of every Soviet citizen. 相似文献
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Chronological analyses of correlations between certain global repeating events (mass extinctions of marine organisms, meteorite impacts, and flashes in the frequency of geomagnetic reversals) during the Phanerozoic Eon and the motion of the solar system in the Galaxy are presented for five rotationally symmetrical models for the regular Galactic gravitational field. Thirteen of sixteen mass-extinction events can be described by a repetition interval of 183±3 million years. This is in agreement with the anomalistic period (interval between two subsequent passages of the Sun through the apocenter of its Galactic orbit) in the model of Allen and Martos. The positions of the minima and maxima in Gaussian functions approximating the frequency distribution for geomagnetic reversals also agree with the times of passage of the Sun through the apocenter and pericenter, respectively, of its Galactic orbit in this model. The maximum in the distribution of the deviations of the dates of mass extinctions from the nearest dates of impacts of large, crater-forming bodies is close to zero, providing evidence that many such events are correlated. As a rule, extinctions follow impact events. The impacts of large bodies have occurred most often when the solar system passes through the Galactic plane, while mass extinctions occur more often at some distance from the Galactic plane (about 40 pc). As a rule, intervals of increases in the frequency of geomagnetic reversals coincide with dates of impacts of large bodies. At the same time, these intervals do not show a clear correlation with the dates of mass extinctions. The intensity of mass extinctions, like the energy released by impacts, is consistently higher in periods when the Sun is moving from the apocenter toward the pericenter of its orbit, than when it is moving from the pericenter toward the apocenter. Thus, there is evidence for a variety of relationships between repeating global events in the Phanerozoic and the motion of the Sun in the Galaxy. Long-period variations in the frequency of geomagnetic reversals are correlated with the orbital motion of the Sun, and increases in the frequency of geomagnetic reversals are correlated with impacts. Mass extinctions are correlated with the impacts of large bodies, whose motions may have been perturbed by clouds of interstellar material concentrated toward the Galactic plane and by the shock front associated with the Perseus spiral arm, through which the solar system passes. The velocity of the Sun relative to the spiral pattern is estimated. 相似文献
14.
Deviation of the major axis of the inertia ellipsoid of the Moon from the direction toward the Earth
B. P. Kondratyev 《Astronomy Reports》2017,61(8):709-714
It is known from observations that the center of mass of the Moon does not coincide with the geometric center of its figure, and the line connecting these two centers is not aligned with the direction toward the center of the Earth, instead deviating toward the Southeast. This stationary deviation of the axis of the inertia ellipsoid of the Moon to the South of the direction toward the Earth is analyzed. A system of five linear differential equations describing the physical libration of the Moon in latitude is considered, and these equations are derived using a new vector method taking into account perturbations from the Earth and partly from the Sun. The characteristic equation of this system is obtained, and all five oscillation frequencies are found. Special attention is paid to the fifth (zero) frequency, for which the solution of the latitude libration equations are stationary and represents a previously unknown additional motion of the rotational axis of theMoon in a cone with a small opening angle. In contrast to the astronomical precession of the Earth, the rotation of the angular-velocity vector is in the positive direction (counter-clockwise), with the period T 3 = 27.32 days. On this basis, this phenomenon has been named “quasi-precession.” This quasi-precession leads to a stationary inclination of the major axis of the inertia ellipsoid of theMoon to the South (for an observer on Earth), making it possible to explain one component of the observed deviation of the center of mass of the Moon from the direction toward the Earth. The opening angle of the quasiprecession cone is approximately 0.834″. 相似文献
15.
位于华北和扬子两板块碰撞带中的苏鲁榴辉岩形成的温压条件不但是超高压，而且是高温。榴辉岩的PTt轨迹表明其为陆-陆磁撞俯冲带的产物。榴辉岩的区域性围岩花岗质片麻岩为新元古代同碰撞期花岗岩，榴辉岩及其他直接围岩皆呈包体存在于其中，并见新元古代花岗岩呈脉状侵入榴辉岩包体中。区域性围岩新元古代花岗岩的锆石中发现有柯石英、绿辉石等包裹体，表明新元古代花岗岩的组成物质也经受过超高压变质作用，且榴辉岩与围岩新元古代花岗岩的锆石U-Pb体系同位素年龄基本相同。但新元古代花岗岩所记录的变质作用和变形作用期次（或阶段）却少于榴辉岩。椐上述可得如下推断：超高压榴辉岩与新元古代花岗岩岩浆是同时在碰撞带底部（俯冲板块前部）形成的；榴辉岩的第一折返阶段是由新元古代花岗岩岩浆携带上升的，其第二折返阶段是和新元古代花岗岩一起由逆冲及区域性隆起而上升，遭受剥蚀。 相似文献
16.
17.
摩擦桩基桩土间极限摩阻力取值问题探讨 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
通过对广珠东线高速公路横沥大桥的试桩及土体的工程地质条件分析,总结出影响摩擦桩基桩土间极限摩阻力取值的一般问题以及解决问题的方法和措施。 相似文献
18.
某高速公路下伏煤矿采空区稳定性分析 总被引：10，自引：0，他引：10
在论述某高速公路下伏砦脖煤矿采空区地质、采矿和工程地质特征的基础上, 进行了稳定性数值模拟分析, 定性与定量地分析与评价了该煤矿采空区的地表变形特征及稳定性。研究结果表明: 该煤矿采空区的变形尚未完成, 对拟建的高速公路将产生很大的危害, 必须采取相应的工程治理措施。 相似文献
19.
The structure of the eastern Pyrenees consists mainly of south-directed thrusts involving basement and cover rocks. An antiformal stack developed by the piling up of basement thrust sheets which outcrop in the Axial zone. These structures account for a thin-skinned thrust model rather than a vertical fault model in which the Axial zone would be essentially autochthonous, and the North-Pyrenean fault the axial plane of a fan thrust system. New data from the Eastern Pyrenees and the thin-skinned model suggest that(1) the structure east of the Pedraforca nappe is similar to that of the Central Pyrenees; (2) the cover rocks of the South-Pyrenean units and of the Axial zone-after restoration—built up a northwards-thickening prism consistent with the existence of a unique Pyrenean sedimentary basin during Mesozoic time; (3) the Axial zone is only a complex antiformal stack developed as a part of South-Pyrenean system related to the Paleogene thrusting-tectonics. The Axial zone palaeogeographic area had no special meaning during Mesozoic time. 相似文献
20.
Michel Westphal Mikhail L. Bazhenov Jean Paul Lauer Diamar M. Pechersky Jean-Claude Sibuet 《Tectonophysics》1986,123(1-4)
We first re-examined the apparent polar wander curves for stable Eurasia and Africa since the Triassic. These curves were then combined together with curves of North and South America according to the kinematics of the Atlantic ocean and a synthetic polar wander curve was given. Then, most of the paleomagnetic results from the Tethys mobile belt, from the Atlantic to the Pamirs, were analysed.Several groups of plates, microplates and blocks can be seen. First, relatively stable regions like Maghreb and Sicily, which have not moved much. Then we have a group formed by Iberia, Sardinia, Italy and, to a lesser extent, Corsica and the Western and Central Alps. For these blocks, movements are anticlockwise rotations chiefly driven by the anticlockwise rotation of Africa, but they are sometimes stronger.To the east, a major change takes place. The north of the Aegean Sea and the Ionian zone are clockwise rotated and these rotations are recent: Oligocene-Miocene for the first part, Pliocene to the present for the second part.A major problem arises in Turkey, Caucasus and Iran. Paleomagnetic results indicate a position far to the south of Eurasia, and, at the same time, geological evidence is in favour of a position close to Eurasia. We discuss these discrepancies. 相似文献