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1.
冀北中低级变质表壳岩的年代学特征及其对华北克拉通构造演化的约束 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
华北克拉通在新太古代末期发生克拉通化,形成了现今规模的古陆,大量的太古宙岩石均经历了~2500Ma左右的区域高级变质作用(高角闪岩相-麻粒岩相)。而华北克拉通北部冀北地区出露一套中低级变质(绿片岩相-角闪岩相)的火山-沉积岩系,主要包括胡麻营地区红旗营子表壳岩和大阴山地区单塔子表壳岩中变质程度较低的部分。胡麻营地区红旗营子表壳岩系主要岩石组合为变基性火山岩、绿帘角闪岩、斜长角闪岩、含石榴石斜长角闪岩、角闪斜长片麻岩、黑云斜长片麻岩、黑云角闪斜长片麻岩、黑云二长片麻岩、石英片岩、磁铁石英岩等,SIMS锆石U-Pb定年结果表明斜长角闪岩形成于2486±18Ma(MSWD=1.4),而黑云斜长片麻岩形成于2507±37Ma(MSWD=2.0)。大阴山地区单塔子中低级变质表壳岩系主要由浅变质火山岩、云母石英片岩、斜长角闪岩、磁铁石英岩和大理岩等组成,SHRIMP锆石U-Pb定年结果显示,浅变质火山岩中的变玄武岩形成于2490±19Ma(MSWD=2.0),而变英安岩形成于2502±8Ma(MSWD=0.83)。因此,冀北中低级变质的表壳岩系主要形成于新太古代末期,形成年龄为2507~2486Ma;结合冀东青龙地区新太古代末期(2511~2503Ma)的浅变质火山-沉积岩系(青龙表壳岩),我们认为新太古代末期,中低级变质表壳岩系广泛分布于华北克拉通的核部和边缘地区,此套岩系覆盖在太古宙高级变质杂岩之上,代表华北克拉通化之后的稳定盖层,是克拉通化的主要标志之一。 相似文献
2.
内蒙古武川西乌兰不浪地区早前寒武纪变质基底锆石SHRIMP定年及Hf同位素组成 总被引：19，自引：16，他引：3
本文报道了华北克拉通西部武川西乌兰不浪地区太古宙变质基底的锆石SHRIMP年龄和Hf同位素组成。一个片麻状奥长花岗岩样品的锆石具核边结构,核部岩浆锆石和边部变质锆石的207Pb/206Pb加权平均年龄分别为2692±17Ma和2528±16Ma。对9个样品进行了锆石Hf同位素分析。新太古代早期(2692～2697Ma)片麻状奥长花岗岩(2个样品)的岩浆锆石的εHf(t)、tDM1(Hf)和tDM2(Hf)分别为4.78～8.83、2646～2780Ma和2632～2845Ma;新太古代二辉麻粒岩(2个样品)中的捕获锆石的εHf(t)、tDM1(Hf)和tDM2(Hf)分别为-2.30～8.62、2543～2954Ma和2529～3189Ma;新太古代变质深成岩(4个样品)的岩浆锆石的εHf(t)、tDM1(Hf)和tDM2(Hf)分别为-2.60～8.09、2529～2880Ma和2538～3089Ma;古元古代蓝晶石榴长英质片麻岩(1个样品)的碎屑锆石的εHf(t)、tDM1(Hf)和tDM2(Hf)分别为1.52～6.59、2432～2774Ma和2498～2925Ma。结合前人研究结果,可得出如下结论和认识:1)该区存在新太古代早期片麻状奥长花岗岩,太古宙岩石在新太古代晚期普遍遭受高级变质作用影响;2)新太古代早期为该区地壳形成主要时期,新太古代晚期则主要表现为陆壳物质再循环;3)作为阴山地块的典型代表,固阳-武川地区与华北克拉通东部太古宙基底十分类似,可能表明华北克拉通在新太古代晚期已成为统一的整体。 相似文献
3.
为了确定鲁西莲花山地区新太古代晚期二长花岗岩中的表壳岩包体的形成时代，并探讨与相邻雁翎关地区的雁翎关岩组中的新太古代早期变质火山岩系的关系。本文对表壳岩包体及相关岩石进行了锆石年代学和地球化学研究。表壳岩包体主要由变质超基性岩和斜长角闪岩组成，另含少量（黑云）角闪变粒岩和黑云变粒岩。SHRIMP锆石U-Pb定年结果显示：角闪变粒岩的岩浆锆石年龄为2 757 Ma；侵入斜长角闪岩的奥长花岗岩脉的年龄为2 593 Ma；从变质超基性岩分选出很少锆石，它们普遍遭受强烈变质重结晶，207Pb/206Pb年龄为2 657~2 397 Ma。变质超基性岩具轻稀土亏损型或平坦型稀土模式，斜长角闪岩具平坦型稀土模式，角闪变粒岩具轻稀土略富集稀土模式，虽然大离子亲石元素相对富集，但都无明显Nb、Ta亏损。表壳岩包体的岩石组合、地球化学组成特征和形成时代可与相邻雁翎关地区的雁翎关岩组中的新太古代早期变质火山岩系对比，形成于大洋环境。新太古代早期表壳岩的原有分布范围应比现在所见到的更为广泛。 相似文献
4.
中条山涑水杂岩中TTG片麻岩的锆石Hf同位素特征及其形成环境 总被引：15，自引：13，他引：2
中条山前寒武纪涑水杂岩主要由西姚和寨子英云闪长质-奥长花岗质-花岗闪长质(TTG)片麻岩、横岭关和北峪钙碱性花岗质岩石组成。SHRIMP锆石U-Pb年代学研究表明,西姚石英闪长质片麻岩~(207)Pb/~(206)Pb加权平均年龄为2536±8Ma,是新太古代的产物;西姚和寨子TTG片麻岩及横岭关和北峪钙碱性花岗质岩石岩浆锆石Hf同位素组成ε_(Hf)(t)全为正值,且在t-ε_(Hf)(t)图解上,落在2.6～3.1Ga地壳演化线范围内。北峪钙碱性花岗质岩石中三个继承锆石核的~(207)Pb/~(206)Pb加权平均年龄为2633±84Ma,其锆石ε_(Hf)(t)值为-2.0～ 5.6。前寒武纪涑水杂岩中花岗质岩石的SHRIMP锆石U-Pb年代学和锆石Hf同位素特征揭示它们最可能形成于新太古代到古元古代,岩浆主要来源于约2650Ma初生地壳的部分熔融,并有更古老的地壳物质的加入。 相似文献
5.
延边地区官地铁矿床地处华北克拉通北缘与兴蒙造山带东段接合带附近的和龙地块北部,是东北地区发现和开发较早的典型BIF型铁矿床之一.该矿床的主矿体呈层状、似层状、透镜状赋存于鞍山群甲山组上段.为确定该矿床的形成与变质时代以及构造背景,重点对含矿岩系中的斜长片麻岩、角闪斜长片麻岩和斜长角闪岩进行岩石地球化学、锆石U-Pb年代学以及Hf同位素研究.原岩恢复表明,斜长片麻岩的原岩为流纹英安质-英安质火山碎屑岩,角闪斜长片麻岩的原岩为安山岩,斜长角闪岩的原岩为玄武岩.LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb年代学研究发现,官地地区在新太古代末-古元古代初期发生了岩浆作用（2 508~2 483 Ma）和变质事件（2 472~2 459 Ma）,且该期岩浆-变质事件与铁矿的形成有着密切的联系.斜长角闪岩的原岩-玄武岩形成于弧后盆地环境,反映了官地铁矿形成时的构造环境;角闪斜长片麻岩中锆石的εHf（t）值介于-5.0~+4.2,二阶段Hf模式年龄（tDM2）为3 182~2 889 Ma,表明岩浆源区以中太古代古老地壳物质的熔融为主.通过与国内外典型BIF型铁矿床的对比研究认为,官地铁矿属Algoma型BIF,与新太古代晚期华北克拉通大规模BIF成矿事件密切相关;官地地区在新太古代初期（2.8~2.7 Ga）可能存在地壳增生事件;和龙地块亲华北克拉通的构造属性,为索伦-西拉木伦-长春缝合带的东延问题研究提供了新的证据. 相似文献
6.
昌宁－孟连结合带斜长角闪岩锆石U-Pb年龄、地球化学特征及其地质意义 总被引：5，自引：3，他引：2
昌宁-孟连结合带牛井山地区发育以构造岩片和透镜体形式产出的斜长角闪岩,其对于认识和恢复昌宁-孟连结合带特提斯演化历史具有重要意义。本研究对牛井山蛇绿混杂岩带内的斜长角闪岩进行了系统的岩石学、锆石U-Pb定年、Hf同位素及全岩地球化学研究。锆石CL图像揭示斜长角闪岩锆石为岩浆成因锆石。锆石U-Pb定年结果为272±1.2 Ma(MSWD=1.1,n=21),代表斜长角闪岩原岩时代。岩石地球化学分析表明,斜长角闪岩Si O2含量为51.83%~52.6%,全碱(Na2O+K2O)含量为3.33%~4.16%,Na2O/K2O比值为5.8~19.8,属于低钾拉斑玄武岩系列。微量元素结果表明斜长角闪岩具有N-MORB的地球化学特征。原岩恢复研究揭示斜长角闪岩的原岩为272±1.2 Ma的N-MORB型辉长岩。斜长角闪岩锆石初始(176Hf/177Hf)i值为0.282906~0.282956,对应的εHf(t)为10.7~12.5;单阶段亏损地幔Hf模式年龄tDM1为416~499 Ma(平均值为466Ma),明显老于原岩结晶时代。岩石地球化学特征和锆石Hf模式年龄揭示昌宁-孟连特提斯洋在272 Ma时具有一个长期亏损的地幔,地幔年龄为早古生代416~499 Ma。结合该带存在早古生代洋壳残余及洋壳俯冲成因埃达克岩的事实,我们认为昌宁-孟连带是一个连续演化的原-古特提斯洋,晚古生代272 Ma时还存在洋中脊扩张并产生具有N-MORB性质的洋壳。 相似文献
7.
鲁西沂山地区高级深熔混合岩中存在丰富的不同时代、不同类型的岩石包体。在详细野外地质工作基础上,本文对高级深熔混合岩中的包体进行了锆石SHRIMP U-Pb定年和Hf同位素分析及全岩地球化学研究,以期探讨沂山地区高级深熔混合岩的源区性质。英云闪长质片麻岩形成时代为~2.7Ga,存在2.69Ga和2.53~2.51Ga两期基性岩浆作用,并记录了2.52~2.50Ga变质作用。角闪斜长片麻岩与黑云角闪变粒岩互层产出,它们可能为变质火山岩,其岩浆锆石年龄为2.51Ga。变质基性岩的岩浆锆石ε_(Hf)(t)为0~+8.1,一阶段Hf模式年龄为2.83~2.54Ga;变质火山岩的岩浆锆石ε_(Hf)(t)为-1.2~+5.8,一阶段Hf模式年龄为2.89~2.71Ga。结合前人研究,这套高级深熔混合岩的源区组成包括了新太古代早期的英云闪长质片麻岩和变质辉长岩,新太古代晚期的石英闪长质片麻岩、变质火山岩及斜长角闪岩等岩石类型。~2.5Ga基性岩浆作用在鲁西地区发育广泛,为新太古代晚期深熔作用及高级深熔混合岩和壳源花岗岩的形成提供了热源。 相似文献
8.
冀东地区新太古代晚期的岩浆事件与地壳增生:来自岩石地球化学和锆石年龄及Hf同位素的制约 总被引：3，自引：2，他引：1
在华北克拉通东部冀东的遵化-迁西-迁安地区广泛分布有新太古代晚期的斜长角闪岩(基性火山岩)、TTG片麻岩和紫苏闪长岩/紫苏花岗岩。锆石U-Pb同位素测定表明,该区的斜长角闪岩、TTG片麻岩和紫苏闪长岩/紫苏花岗岩几乎同时形成于2529±30Ma到2555±14Ma期间。这是华北克拉通新太古代晚期一次重要的岩浆事件,并紧随有2.5Ga左右的麻粒岩相变质作用。阴极发光图像显示,TTG片麻岩和紫苏闪长岩/紫苏花岗岩中一些锆石的核部为灰黑色,具杉树叶结构或无内部结构,意味着这些锆石核部的U-Th-Pb同位素体系在变质作用期间受到了干扰或重置,因此岩浆锆石核部的207Pb/206Pb加权平均年龄通常被解释为代表岩浆事件最年轻的年龄。新太古代晚期TTG片麻岩和紫苏闪长岩/紫苏花岗岩的岩浆锆石具有正的εHf(t)值(-0.08~9.49),计算的tDM1(Hf)模式年龄介于2572~2896Ma之间,峰值年龄为2.72Ga。这表明,TTG片麻岩和紫苏闪长岩/紫苏花岗岩的母岩浆是从亏损地幔源分异出来的,且2.7Ga是研究区和华北克拉通最重要的一次地壳增生事件。地球化学和岩石成因研究表明,本区的TTG片麻岩和紫苏闪长岩/紫苏花岗岩是由来自新生地壳基性岩石部分熔融形成的岩浆通过结晶分离形成的,其中角闪石是主要的分离相矿物。地幔柱模式更有利于解释本区TTG片麻岩和紫苏闪长岩/紫苏花岗岩的成因以及冀东地区的许多其他地质特征。 相似文献
9.
华北地台南缘张士英岩体的锆石SHRIMP U-Pb测年、Hf同位素组成及其地质意义 总被引：6，自引：3，他引：3
张士英岩体位于华北地台南缘,岩石类型包括钾长花岗岩、似斑状花岗岩和石英斑岩脉,其中只在钾长花岗岩中发育有暗色岩石包体,在包体和寄主岩中发育反映岩浆混合作用的岩石结构。钾长花岗岩、似斑状花岗岩和石英斑岩脉的SHRIMP锆石U-Pb年龄分别为107.3±2.4Ma、106.7±2.5Ma和101±3Ma。锆石Hf同位素分析结果显示,钾长花岗岩的锆石εHf(t)为-15.96～-20.80,单阶段模式年龄(tDM1)为1396～1643Ma,两阶段模式年龄(tDM2)为1880～2018Ma;似斑状花岗岩的锆石εHf(t)为-18.97～-22.18,tDM1为1512～1640Ma,tDM2为1925～2080Ma;除了一粒年龄为2.6Ga的锆石具有εHf(t)为-0.71、tDM1为2943Ma和tDM2为3036Ma的组成,石英斑岩的锆石εHf(t)为-23.41～-27.95,tDM1为1678～1896Ma,tDM2为2144～2330Ma。这些数据暗示,除了存在少量太古宙地壳物质的贡献外,张士英岩体的物质来源可能主要为1.9～2.3Ga期间形成的新生地壳,但也不排除古老地壳与富集地幔源混合的可能。综合分析前人研究成果表明,在太平洋板块俯冲方向发生转变的过程中,先存断裂带发生拉张。张士英岩体与中国东部同期岩浆活动一起可能形成于这种受断裂带控制的伸展环境。 相似文献
10.
华北克拉通五台群LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb年龄和Hf同位素特征 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
通过对五台群石咀亚群金刚库组4个典型样品的LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb年龄和Hf同位素研究,对五台群的形成时代及华北克拉通新太古代—古元古代期间的地壳演化进行了探讨。锆石U-Pb同位素测定结果表明,侵入金刚库组中的片麻状花岗岩锆石的U-Pb年龄为2548Ma,因此五台群的上限年龄约为2.5Ga;金刚库组黑云母石英片岩和片麻状石英闪长岩的原岩锆石U-Pb年龄分别为2663Ma和2636Ma,因此五台群的下限年龄约为2.7Ga。五台群的地质年龄为2.5~2.7Ga,属于新太古代。锆石Hf同位素研究结果表明,黑云母石英片岩和片麻状石英闪长岩的二阶段Hf模式年龄(tDM2)均为2.8Ga左右,指示2.8Ga左右是五台山区乃至整个华北克拉通地壳生长的重要时期;片麻状花岗岩tDM2平均为2.57Ga,与锆石结晶年龄非常接近,表明2.5Ga左右也是华北克拉通地壳的主要增生期。地壳的增长是幕式的,2.8Ga和2.5Ga都是华北克拉通地壳生长时期。 相似文献
11.
东濮凹陷北部沙三中亚段广泛发育盐岩和烃源岩,这两个看似不能共存的物质却在这里互层共生。该时期研究区沉积特征为多盐韵律与多层烃源岩互层共生、连续沉积,单个盐韵律厚度从几米到十几米,烃源岩有机质丰度高、类型好。平面上,两者在湖盆沉积沉降中心共生;垂向上,高有机质丰度、好干酪根类型与高盐度地层具有较好的对应关系。因而成为恢复古气候和古环境的重要研究对象。通过岩石学、古生物学以及Sr/Ba、B/Ga、(V+Ni+Mn)、Fe/Mn、Sr/Cu、Mg/Ca、V/(V+Ni)、稀土元素含量和氯同位素等方法对凹陷北部沙三中亚段的沉积环境进行研究。结果表明,凹陷北部沙三中亚段为深水沉积的还原环境,古盐度较高,达到半咸水-咸水沉积;微量元素和孢粉化石特征表明研究区沙三中亚段为温暖潮湿的环境。 相似文献
12.
The Importance of the Precipitation and the Susceptibility of the Slopes for the Triggering of Landslides Along the Roads 总被引：3，自引：1，他引：2
Clemente Irigaray Francisco Lamas Rachid El Hamdouni Tomás Fernández José Chacón 《Natural Hazards》2000,21(1):65-81
In order to characterise the influence of the heavyrains on the observed landslides during the 1996–1997hydrological cycle, rainfall records for the last 100years are analysed from 104 stations in easternAndalusia. Regarding the amounts of rain recordedbetween October 1996 and March 1997 in the 104stations studied, 31 presented new all-time records;15 presented values that were 80–100% of thepre-1995 record; 49 stations, 80–50%; and 9stations, < 50%. A map has been devised of thesusceptibility of the materials through which thesouth-eastern Andalusian road network crosses,together with an inventory of the damage caused byinstability phenomena on banks and cuttings of theroad network during the winter of 1996–1997. Therelationships between the rainfall during the studyperiod, the damage caused to the road network and thesusceptibility of the materials affected are analysed.The results indicate that there is a clearcorrespondence between the rainfall recorded and thesusceptibility of the materials with the inventorieddamage. It is concluded that the widespread seriousdamage caused in early 1997 to the roads andsurrounding areas in the Alpujarra region and thecoast of the Province of Granada was mainly caused bythe extraordinarily heavy rains. However, considerablyless damage was observed where the susceptibility ofthe terrain is low, thus highlighting the extremeusefulness of terrain-susceptibility maps for riskprevention and territorial planning. 相似文献
13.
郯庐断裂南段研究进展与断裂性质讨论 总被引：13，自引：3，他引：13
据1：5万区域地质调查和专题研究资料，就郯庐断裂带是否南延与消失的原因，其与大别—苏鲁造山带交截形成的假位错效应，以及与中新生代沉积盆地形成演化的关系等作了新的阐述。在此基础上，讨论了郯庐断裂带是否为巨大的左行平移断层或转换断层。认为郯庐断裂带可能是在“古郯庐带”的基础上于早侏罗世重新活动、白垩纪强烈活动的地堑型枢纽断裂带。 相似文献
14.
15.
Guboglo M. N. 《GeoJournal》1980,4(1):53-58
International unity is becoming ever stronger in this country owing to an increasing similarity in the development of the cultural environment. This comprises the provision of all the country's republics with a sufficient number of schools, theatres, and other institutions and cultural information media in accordance with the needs of the population. An important part is played by the rise in ‘the general educational level, as well as the level of professional qualifications and skills. Among all the Soviet nations and nationalities, this rise being more rapid among formerly backward peoples. Prominent among the factors of internationalization is the progressive development of the nationalities’ cultural resources, while professional culture is being increasingly brought within the reach of the masses.The implementation of the nationalities policy promotes the all-round development of all Soviet nations and nationalities, their drawing together, the upsurge of the individual capabilities of every Soviet citizen. 相似文献
16.
某高速公路下伏煤矿采空区稳定性分析 总被引：10，自引：0，他引：10
在论述某高速公路下伏砦脖煤矿采空区地质、采矿和工程地质特征的基础上, 进行了稳定性数值模拟分析, 定性与定量地分析与评价了该煤矿采空区的地表变形特征及稳定性。研究结果表明: 该煤矿采空区的变形尚未完成, 对拟建的高速公路将产生很大的危害, 必须采取相应的工程治理措施。 相似文献
17.
Dean S. Oliver 《Mathematical Geology》1998,30(7):911-933
In reservoir characterization, the covariance is often used to describe the spatial correlation and variation in rock properties or the uncertainty in rock properties. The inverse of the covariance, on the other hand, is seldom discussed in geostatistics. In this paper, I show that the inverse is required for simulation and estimation of Gaussian random fields, and that it can be identified with the differential operator in regularized inverse theory. Unfortunately, because the covariance matrix for parameters in reservoir models can be extremely large, calculation of the inverse can be a problem. In this paper, I discuss four methods of calculating the inverse of the covariance, two of which are analytical, and two of which are purely numerical. By taking advantage of the assumed stationarity of the covariance, none of the methods require inversion of the full covariance matrix. 相似文献
18.
Jiayu Rong Michael Melchin S. Henry Williams Tatyana N. Koren Jacques Verniers 《《幕》》2008,31(3):315-318
The Global Stratotype Section and Point （GSSP） for the base of the Silurian System was defined in 1985. Since that time, a number of researchers have suggested that this section has serious deficiencies for use as a GSSP. As a result, in 2000, the Subcommission on Silurian Stratigraphy （SSS） proposed undertaking a formal restu@ of this GSSP, which was subsequently approved by the International Commission of Stratigraphy （ICS）. The result of this restudy was the formal proposal that the current GSSP, at 1.6 m above the base of the Birkhill Shale, at Dob＇s Linn, Scotland, should be maintained as the same locality and stratigraphic level, but the bios- tratigraphical definition of the boundary should be revised. The previously defined, basal Silurian grapto- lite zone, the Parakidograptus acuminatus Zone, should be subdivided into a lower Akidograptus ascensus Zone and a higher E acuminatus Zone. The base of the A. ascensus Zone, marked by the first appearance of A. ascensus, should be regarded as the biostratigraphic mark for the base of the Silurian. This proposal has now been formally approved by the SSS and ICS, and ratified by International Union of Geological Sciences. This is the first GSSP to undergo formal restudy and redefini- tion, and the proposal also included a recommended procedure for restudy of GSSPs. 相似文献
19.
Deviation of the major axis of the inertia ellipsoid of the Moon from the direction toward the Earth
B. P. Kondratyev 《Astronomy Reports》2017,61(8):709-714
It is known from observations that the center of mass of the Moon does not coincide with the geometric center of its figure, and the line connecting these two centers is not aligned with the direction toward the center of the Earth, instead deviating toward the Southeast. This stationary deviation of the axis of the inertia ellipsoid of the Moon to the South of the direction toward the Earth is analyzed. A system of five linear differential equations describing the physical libration of the Moon in latitude is considered, and these equations are derived using a new vector method taking into account perturbations from the Earth and partly from the Sun. The characteristic equation of this system is obtained, and all five oscillation frequencies are found. Special attention is paid to the fifth (zero) frequency, for which the solution of the latitude libration equations are stationary and represents a previously unknown additional motion of the rotational axis of theMoon in a cone with a small opening angle. In contrast to the astronomical precession of the Earth, the rotation of the angular-velocity vector is in the positive direction (counter-clockwise), with the period T 3 = 27.32 days. On this basis, this phenomenon has been named “quasi-precession.” This quasi-precession leads to a stationary inclination of the major axis of the inertia ellipsoid of theMoon to the South (for an observer on Earth), making it possible to explain one component of the observed deviation of the center of mass of the Moon from the direction toward the Earth. The opening angle of the quasiprecession cone is approximately 0.834″. 相似文献
20.
Important tendencies in development of the world mineral-resources sector at the beginning of the 21st century were an increase in production and consumption of mineral materials differentiated by types of metals and nonmetallic mineral raw materials, by countries and regions, as well as the concentration of the production of mineral raw materials in a small number of countries, and a reduction in industrial reserves of minerals in the world economy, even at the current stage of their extraction. These tendencies should be taken into account in working out a strategy for development of the Russian mineral raw-material base. 相似文献