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对东川因民铁铜矿区辉长岩类侵入体的侵入构造几何学特征、物质组成和储矿构造样式进行研究,认为侵入构造特征复杂,辉长岩类以岩墙、岩床、岩株、岩枝和岩脉等产出,受落(雪)因(民)复式褶皱-断裂带核部及核部发育的SN向、NE向和NW向断裂控制,辉长岩类侵入体在空间上与铁铜矿体关系密切。从侵入构造中心向外具有三大构造岩相学分带,依次为侵入构造岩相带→热液蚀变角砾岩相带(体)→液压致裂-碎裂岩化相带,即侵入构造带(侵入角砾岩相带+含矿隐爆角砾岩相)→热液角砾岩体(筒)(热液角砾岩相+含矿热液角砾岩相)→断裂裂隙破碎带(含矿液压致裂角砾岩+含铜硫化物脉带)是本区主要含矿构造岩相带,是寻找和预测深部隐伏IOCG型矿体和热液型脉带状铜矿体的直接找矿预测标志。辉长岩类侵入体与落因复式褶皱-断裂带、小溜口岩组与因民组之间不整合面构造等形成了构造复合和储矿构造样式的多样性。本区储矿构造样式主要有辉长岩类侵入构造、隐爆角砾岩筒(带)和钠长石角砾岩筒(带),落因复式褶皱-断裂带与辉长岩类侵入体的复合叠加构造、辉长岩类侵入体与不整合面之间的叠加构造等,控制了不同类型矿化组合和矿床类型(成矿多样性)。在因民铁铜矿区深部小溜口岩组及落因背斜东翼,围绕辉长岩类侵入构造带是今后寻找IOCG矿床的主要靶位。 相似文献
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青山铅锌矿床是黔西北矿集区内威宁-水城成矿亚带的典型矿床之一，矿体产出严格受构造和岩性双重因素控制。含矿断裂带中构造岩既是构造变形作用的载体，也是相应变形环境的受体，其具有显著的分带特征。针对斜落走滑构造环境下弱蚀变构造岩与热液成矿成生联系研究的薄弱环节，基于构造岩-岩相学填图方法以及不同岩相带内节理、裂隙构造解析，系统采集不同构造岩-岩相带内定向构造岩样品，进行显微构造与地球化学分析，剖析不同岩相带内构造岩类型、物质组成、内部结构、构造及其分带特征，构建了该矿床构造岩-岩相分带模式，即从矿体向外，依次为:张裂岩相带→泥化相带（一、三中段及以上）→扭裂岩相带→压裂岩相带。扭裂岩相带内发育黄铁矿化、铅锌矿化、方解石化、弱白云石化，压裂岩相带内主要发育方解石化，矿化蚀变随着远离矿体呈现出从强变弱的变化规律，成矿环境也随着温度逐渐降低，呈现氧化→弱氧化-弱还原→还原的变化特征。同时，结合宏观和显微构造应力场分析，认为矿体外侧不同类型的构造岩是在统一构造应力场作用下，因不同位置的局部应力场变化而形成的不同类型的构造岩，发育在北西向断裂下盘的次级断裂不仅控制了矿体定位和形态产状，也控制了其外侧构造岩-岩相带。 相似文献
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红豆山铜矿床是南澜沧江带新发现的矿床之一。通过野外地质工作和系统构造—|蚀变岩相填图,发现该矿床蚀变类型主要以钾长石化、硅化、绿泥石化、绿帘石化为主,其次为碳酸盐化、绢云母化、黄铁矿化等,且在空间上呈现一定规律,各蚀变带具有明显的叠加现象。依据区内岩石蚀变矿物组合等特点,自断裂带→上盘围岩,共出现4个典型蚀变带,依次为碎裂岩化带→长英岩化—碳酸盐化—绢云母化带→硅化—绿泥石化—绿帘石化带→弱长英岩化安山岩带。矿（化）体主要分布在长英岩化、碳酸盐化、绢云母化带和硅化、绿泥石化、绿帘石化带。由斑岩脉中心至边缘发育钾化带→硅化带→青磐岩化带→绢云母化带,斑岩旁侧围岩中发育放射状石英—方解石—黄铜矿脉。 相似文献
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川西南大梁子铅锌矿床是川滇黔地区震旦系灯影组碳酸盐岩赋矿的后生热液型铅锌矿床的代表之一。针对该矿床矿化蚀变分带规律不清的现状，基于矿区内1884 m、1944 m、2004 m、2064 m中段1∶200矿化-蚀变岩相学填图，精细解剖了蚀变类型、强度及蚀变岩组构，总结了矿化蚀变的强弱变化、矿物共生组合、元素组合及其空间分带特征，揭示了不同矿化蚀变带特征元素含量的变化规律，构建了从铅锌矿体中心向赋矿围岩的矿化蚀变空间分带模式:中等硅化+白云石化角砾状铅锌矿石相带（Ⅰ带）→中等硅化+白云石化网脉状铅锌矿化相带（Ⅱ带）→强硅化+白云石化+方解石化+细脉至星点状黄铁矿化相带（Ⅲ带）→方解石化+炭质+黄铁矿化相带（Ⅳ带）。基于成矿元素、特征元素组合及其元素比值的变化特征研究，矿化指示元素在不同蚀变带中依次具有Pb-Zn-Cd→Pb-Zn-Ag-Cu（Sb）→Ag-Cu-As-Sb→As-Sb的水平分带规律，总结了矿化指示元素的变化趋势。该研究对该矿床深部找矿勘查和同类矿床矿化蚀变分带研究具有启示意义。 相似文献
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岩相学填图技术在云南东川白锡腊铁铜矿段深部应用试验与找矿预测 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
在云南东川滥泥坪铜矿白锡腊铁铜矿段深部找矿预测中,开展了矿山深部工程岩相学填图技术研发与试验,实践证明该新方法在矿山深部隐伏矿找矿预测中具有较强的隐伏矿（新类型铁铜矿和新矿种）找矿预测能力。在构造-岩相学三级单元上,新发现的铁（钛）氧化物铜金型（IOCG）矿床与斜切地层产出的碱性杂岩墙（枝）密切有关。侵入岩岩相学填图表明,分异较好且具有明显岩相学分带的碱性杂岩墙（枝）成矿潜力大,铁（钛）氧化物铜金型（IOCG）矿与碱性铁质辉长岩-闪长岩等岩相学分带及侵入构造关系十分密切;分异较差且缺乏岩相学分带的岩墙成矿潜力低;因此,碱性铁质杂岩墙（枝）岩相学分带完整及侵入构造等是今后找矿勘查的主要标志和对象。对铁氧化物铜金型（IOCG）矿体而言,构造-岩相学的亚相填图证明储矿构造及富含铜磁铁矿矿体一般位于碱性铁质杂岩墙（枝）底部和上部。含铜磁铁富矿体主要由角砾状和块状铁铜矿石组成,这种矿体定位于隐爆角砾岩筒（带）中;构造-流体岩相学填图发现,围绕碱性杂岩墙（枝）分布的糜棱岩化相带和碎裂岩化相带也是主要储矿构造岩相带,赋存铁铜矿脉;脉带型铜银矿赋存在蚀变碳酸盐岩层中发育的裂隙破碎带之中,主要为含铜硅化铁白云石化蚀变带和镜铁矿硅化铁白云石方解石脉。钛矿（新矿种）主要赋存在蚀变闪长岩和蚀变辉长岩两个亚相中,在剖面和平面上,钛矿（化）体位于铁氧化物铜金型（IOCG）矿体两侧,主要由钛磁铁矿-钛铁矿微相和金红石-钛铁矿微相构成,钛赤铁矿和钛磁铁矿微相属于钛矿化蚀变系统。 相似文献
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新疆乌伦布拉克隐爆角烁岩筒型斑岩铜矿成矿地质特征 总被引：7，自引：0，他引：7
矿床直接产于一套浅成—超浅成或次火山侵入的花岗质潜火山杂岩中。赋矿岩石为斜长花岗岩、石英闪长岩、闪长岩及英安玢岩质隐爆角砾岩。矿石矿物有孔雀石、兰铜矿、兰辉铜矿、赤铜矿、黄铜矿、斑铜矿、黄铁矿等。矿石结构构造为交代残余结构、包含结构和星点状、细脉状、网脉状、团块状构造。围岩蚀变为硅化、赤铁矿化、碳酸盐化、绢云母化和绿泥石化。成矿温度为１１９℃～１９０℃。成矿时代为海西中晚期。隐爆角砾岩筒中石英—钾长石—黄铜矿脉的石英包裹体氢氧同位素δＤ为－１０１．７‰,δ１８Ｏ为８．４‰,钾长石Ｋ—Ａｒ法年龄为２１１±３Ｍａ。 相似文献
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紫金山矿田东南矿段铜钼矿床地处紫金山浅成低温热液型铜金矿床和罗卜岭斑岩型铜钼矿床之间。利用近红外光谱技术测试蚀变矿物特征,并结合地质填图、钻孔编录和岩矿鉴定等工作,划分出钾化带、绿泥石绢英岩化带、黄铁绢英岩化带、地开石硅化带、明矾石地开石硅化带等5个蚀变带。钻孔编录和镜下观察发现,金属矿物分为2个期次,生成顺序为磁铁矿-黄铁矿（第1期）→赤铁矿→辉钼矿-黄铜矿-斑铜矿-黄铁矿（第2期）→硫砷铜矿-蓝辉铜矿-铜篮。矿化类型与蚀变分带关系密切：以黄铜矿+斑铜矿+辉钼矿为主的Ⅱ号矿体产出于绿泥石绢英岩化带,与罗卜岭铜钼矿的蚀变矿化特征相似;以蓝辉铜矿+铜蓝交代黄铜矿+斑铜矿为主的Ⅳ号主矿体主要产出于地开石硅化带和明矾石地开石硅化带底部;以蓝辉铜矿+铜蓝+硫砷铜矿为主的Ⅴ号矿体产出于明矾石地开石硅化带,与紫金山铜金矿的蚀变矿化特征相似。明矾石温度分带显示具有罗卜岭斑岩和紫金山火山机构2个高温中心,中、低温混合明矾石化与Ⅳ号主矿体空间上呈显耦合关系。另外,Ⅳ号主矿体的云母矿物Al-OH吸收峰小于2205 nm。初步认为Ⅳ号主矿体是紫金山浅成低温热液叠加罗卜岭斑岩矿床外带所形成。 相似文献
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易门凤山铜矿床两类刺穿构造岩石地球化学特征及形成机制 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
易门凤山铜矿床是昆阳元古宙裂谷铜矿带易门式铜矿床的典型代表之一。该矿床明显受刺穿体构造控制,铜矿体赋存于昆阳群绿汁江组硅化碎裂白云岩中。根据刺穿体的宏观分布特征、岩石学和岩石地球化学特征,进一步剖析了控矿型刺穿体和非控矿型刺穿体两种类型:控矿型刺穿体岩石成份复杂,构造变形强,角砾状构造发育,Mg O含量变化大(3.18%~15.64%),Fe O/Fe2O3值变化范围大(0.43~28.50),其形成机制与深部火山隐爆作用和强烈构造作用有关;而非控矿型刺穿体岩石成份简单,内部构造变形弱,角砾状构造不显著,Mg O含量低(1.90%~3.77%),Fe O/Fe2O3值也低(0.14~0.56),其形成机制主要与强烈构造作用有关。建立了控矿与非控矿型两类刺穿体的岩石地球化学特征和识别标志。该标志对该类矿床的找矿预测具有实际意义。 相似文献
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S. Viswanathan K. Surya Prakash Rao B. Mahabaleswar 《Journal of the Geological Society of India》2013,82(6):621-627
Komatiites are mantle-derived ultramafic volcanic rocks. Komatiites have been discovered in several States of India, notably in Karnataka. Studies on the distribution of trace-elements in the komatiites of India are very few. This paper proposes a simple, accurate, precise, rapid, and non-destructive wavelength-dispersive x-ray fluorescence (WDXRF) spectrometric technique for determining Sc, V, Cr, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, Rb, Sr, Y, Zr, Nb, Ba, Pb, and Th in komatiites, and discusses the accuracy, precision, limits of detection, x-ray spectral-line interferences, inter-element effects, speed, advantages, and limitations of the technique. The accuracy of the technique is excellent (within 3%) for Sc, V, Cr, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, Rb, Sr, Zr, Nb, Ba, Pb, and Th and very good (within 4%) for Y. The precision is also excellent (within 3%) for Sc, V, Cr, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, Rb, Sr, Y, Zr, Nb, Ba, Pb, and Th. The limits of detection are: 1 ppm for Sc and V; 2 ppm for Cr, Co, and Ni; 3 ppm for Cu, Zn, Rb, and Sr; 4 ppm for Y and Zr; 6 ppm for Nb; 10 ppm for Ba; 13 ppm for Pb; and 14 ppm for Th. The time taken for determining Sc, V, Cr, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, Rb, Sr, Y, Zr, Nb, Ba, Pb, and Th in a batch of 24 samples of komatiites, for a replication of four analyses per sample, by one operator, using a manual WDXRF spectrometer, is only 60 hours. 相似文献
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E. M. Prasolov S. A. Sergeev B. V. Belyatsky E. S. Bogomolov K. A. Gruzdov I. N. Kapitonov R. Sh. Krymsky V. O. Khalenev 《Geochemistry International》2018,56(1):46-64
This paper reports the first results of a study of 11 isotope systems (3He/4He, 40Ar/36Ar, 34S/32S, 65Cu/63Cu, 62Ni/60Ni, 87Sr/86Sr, 143Nd/144Nd, 206–208Pb/204Pb, Hf–Nd, U–Pb, and Re–Os) in the rocks and ores of the Cu–Ni–PGE deposits of the Norilsk ore district. Almost all the results were obtained at the Center of Isotopic Research of the Karpinskii All-Russia Research Institute of Geology. The use of a number of independent genetic isotopic signatures and comprehensive isotopic knowledge provided a methodic basis for the interpretation of approximately 5000 isotopic analyses of various elements. The presence of materials from two sources, crust and mantle, was detected in the composition of the rocks and ores. The contribution of the crustal source is especially significant in the paleofluids (gas–liquid microinclusions) of the ore-forming medium. Crustal solutions were probably a transport medium during ore formation. Air argon is dominant in the ores, which indicates a connection between the paleofluids and the atmosphere. This suggests intense groundwater circulation during the crystallization of ore minerals. The age of the rocks and ores of the Norilsk deposits was determined. The stage of orebody formation is restricted to a narrow age interval of 250 ± 10 Ma. An isotopic criterion was proposed for the ore-bearing potential of mafic intrusions in the Norilsk–Taimyr region. It includes several interrelated isotopic ratios of various elements: He, Ar, S, and others. 相似文献
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奥地利安东帕有限公司 《岩矿测试》2009,28(3):306-306
最新的流行病学研究表明,空气中较高浓度的悬浮细颗粒可能对人类的健康有不利的影响。根据该项研究显示,由于心脏病、慢性呼吸问题和肺功能指标恶化而导致死亡率的升高与细尘粒子有关。这些研究结果已经促使欧盟于1999年4月出台了限制空气中二氧化硫、二氧化氮、氧化氮、铅和颗粒物含量的法案(1999/30/EC),对各项指标包括对可吸入PM10颗粒的浓度提出了新的限制性指标。PM10颗粒是指可以通过预分级器分离采集的气体动力学直径小于10μm的细颗粒。目前研究的兴趣重点逐步偏向PM2.5这些更细微颗粒物,PM2.5这种颗粒物对健康有明显的不利影响。在欧盟指令2008/50/EC中,对PM10和PM2.5都提 相似文献
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Mining induced subsidence can significantly affect mining costs where major surface facilities and natural environment need to be protected. Overburden grout injection is a technology used to control coal mine subsidence by injecting the mine waste material extracted from the coal back into the inter-burden rock during longwall mining. The flowing slurry is here categorised as a nonlinear viscous cohesive (Bingham plastic) fluid. During longwall mining the grout slurry is pumped into the separated beds of the rock mass through a central vertical borehole, which is drilled deep into the inter-burden rock strata above the coal seam. However, a blockage can occur in the injection system when the slurry velocity falls below a certain critical threshold velocity, indicating a material phase change from cohesive-viscous to cohesive-frictional. In situ field injection tests through boreholes have been simulated at a smaller scale at the CSIRO laboratory in Brisbane by pumping the slurry through a radial disk (gap = 4 mm) from its centre. Laboratory experiments indicate a general, nonlinear, cohesive, viscous, frictional model for shear behaviour of the slurry, in which the material shear parameters are functions of the disk radial distance. Complete dimensional and dimensionless analytical solutions have been developed based on an approach related to Bingham–Herschel–Bulkley fluid mechanics. The derived formulae include relations for minimum pump pressure, local pressure and pressure gradient, wall shear stress, volume rate, velocity and velocity gradient. The theoretical results match the experimental measurements. The experiments covered slurries with maximum particle sizes of 0.5 to 2 mm with about 50% being larger than 100 µm. The viscosities at the various solids concentrations were measured with a standard torsion viscometer. This study differs from the previous research in several distinct aspects, namely, consideration of the variable shear parameters rather than fixed values, inclusion of total nonlinear behaviour, and implementation of a friction function to mimic behaviour of the deposited and consolidating stiff slurry, which can cause a significant pressure rise as a result of the increased shear resistance. 相似文献
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Alexander E. C. Broberg J. S. Kehren A. R. Graziani M. M. Turri W. L. 《Environmental Geology》1993,22(4):353-361
Bellechester, Minnesota, is a small community of approximately 155 residents located on the county line between Goodhue and Wabasha counties in southeast Minnesota's karst region. Bellechester is served by a 21-year-old wastewater treatment facility (WWTF) consisting of three waste-stabilization ponds. On 28 April 1992 six sinkholes were discovered to have drained cell 2 of the WWTF resulting in the loss of approximately 8.7×106 1 of partially treated effluent and about 600 m3 of soil into previously undetected subsurface voids of unknown dimensions. In the week following the collapse, approximately 200 water wells located within a 5-km radius of the WWTF were sampled in an after-the-fact, emergency sampling program. Twelve samples with elevated fecal coliform levels, 18 samples with nitrate-nitrogen greater than the 10 mg/1 standard, and no samples with elevated chlorides were found. However, the elevated levels could not be unambiguously attributed to the WWTF collapse. This is the third WWTF to fail by sinkhole collapse in southeast Minnesota since 1974. All three collapsed lagoons have been located in similar geomorphic and stratigraphic settings. However, at least two lagoons have collapsed in the adjacent area in northeast Iowa, and these lagoons are located at different stratigraphic positions. Twenty-two WWTFs constructed in southeast Minnesota's karst region in the last 25 years have been identified as subject to potential sinkhole collapse. An unknown but significant number of manure storage lagoons, flood control structures, etc., have also been constructed in the karst region and are at risk. Public agencies are beginning to develop plans to deal with the risk associated with existing and future waste lagoons in this environment. The critical hydrogeologic parameters that can be used to prioritize the risk of collapse at existing facilities include: (1) the lithology of the first bedrock beneath each lagoon, (2) the thickness of surficial materials between the lagoon and the bedrock surface, (3) the presence and construction of liners (seepage rate), and (4) the proximity to existing sinkholes. 相似文献
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岩石密度和超高压岩石折返速率 总被引：1，自引：3，他引：1
在常温常压条件下对中国大陆科学钻CCSD主孔100-3000米岩心样品进行了密度测量,建立了密度连续剖面,并界定了不同超高压岩石的密度值。通过对比高温高压物性实验资料,岩石密度随着退变程度增强而降低,榴辉岩密度变化序列为3.52g/cm3→3.49g/cm3→3.07g/cm3→2.93g/cm3。超高压长英质岩石密度变化序列为3.00g/cm→2.80g/cm3→2.65g/cm3。上述实验资料是讨论不同折返阶段岩石所受浮力的基础,为研究折返速率大小提供了基本参数。本文通过折返板块运动平衡时,上浮力与粘滞力平衡这一关系式,定量研究了大陆俯冲板块的折返速率,认为密度差产生上浮力从而引起折返,温度对板块折返速率的影响最为显著;密度差大小、折返角度、折返板块大小对折返速率也有直接的影响。定量模拟分析表明,在温度高于850℃时,板块的折返速率可以超过100mm/a;当温度降至700℃时,折返速率则低于1.5mm/a。作者认为在折返早期,温度较高,板块快速折返至60-70km榴辉岩相深度;随着传导散热,温度降低,板块以较慢的速率折返至中下地壳。折返速率的估算表明,浮力是板块折返第一阶段(从>100km深部折返至<40km的中下地壳)的主要驱动力。 相似文献
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滇东南锡、银、铅、锌多金属矿床主要分布在个旧、白牛厂、都龙3个矿区,而滇东南较大的3个花岗岩体又分别出露在3个矿区或附近.花岗岩体均形成于燕山晚期,岩石化学、矿物成分相似,富含锡、银、铅、锌、钨、铜等成矿元素.矿床主金属元素组合与岩体之间的距离由远而近出现由锡、钨、(铍、铌、钽)→锡、钨、(铁)、铜、铟→锡、铅、锌、银、铟、(锑)有规律的变化.花岗岩浆是成矿物质来源和成矿热源.岩浆侵入初期使上覆地层隆起产生背斜(凹陷部位成向斜);同时使地层产生一系列裂隙、压性断层或层间断裂;岩浆侵入晚期,这些断层再次活动,表现为张性,岩浆产生的含矿热液沿由其活动所造成的断裂迁移、充填、交代、沉淀而形成矿床. 相似文献