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1.
纳岭沟铀矿床是近年来在鄂尔多斯盆地北部发现的一个大型铀矿床。与典型层间氧化带砂岩型铀矿不同,纳岭沟铀矿床具有矿体呈板状、似层状产出与铀矿物以铀石为主等特点。文章通过扫描电镜与X衍射等方法对含矿层不同地球化学分带砂岩黏土矿物组合类型、相对含量的变化开展了系统的研究,为该区铀成矿模式与板状矿体的形成机制提供依据。研究结果表明,含矿层砂岩中黏土矿物以呈蜂窝状、片絮状产出的蒙脱石为主,其次为呈片状、书页状及蠕虫状产出的高岭石与呈叶片状、花朵状集合体产出的绿泥石,局部可见伊利石与蒙脱石向绿泥石转化而成的绿蒙混层;从二次还原绿色带→矿带与原生带,呈现蒙脱石、绿泥石明显减少,高岭石含量与w(TOC)、CH_4明显增加的趋势,说明二次还原绿色带与矿带之间存在E_h-pH突变界面;含矿层经历了弱碱性大气降水(含铀含氧)、酸性流体(有机酸与煤成气)、中-低温碱性热液油气与富Na~+、Ca~(2+)的弱碱性流体(盆地卤水)的共同作用,其中弱碱性大气降水与中-低温碱性热液混合而成的碱性-氧化成矿热液与下伏延安组煤系地层演化产生的酸性-还原流体(有机酸与煤成气)在相互接触面上因Eh-pH突变而造成铀石的沉淀,并在E_h-pH突变界面上形成板状矿体。 相似文献
2.
伊犁盆地蒙其古尔铀矿床为典型的层间氧化带型铀矿床,虽然前人对该矿床含矿层砂岩中高岭石含量、成因及与铀成矿关系等方面开展了研究,但对高岭石及其共生矿物形成机制、高岭石与铀成矿关系等方面研究依然较为薄弱。本文为了研究蒙其古尔铀矿床含矿层砂岩中高岭石形成机制及与铀成矿关系,综合的应用了偏光显微镜、X-衍射、扫描电镜等手段,对其含矿层中高岭石含量、形貌特征进行了系统的研究,并对高岭石H- O同位素与碳酸盐胶结物C- O同位素进行了研究。研究表明:①含矿层普遍发育有强烈的高岭石化,其占黏土总量的58. 0% ~ 93. 0%,并以弱氧化带砂岩中高岭石含量最高;②高岭石主要呈泥晶状、层片状与蠕虫状的形式分布于砂岩粒间孔隙和长石溶蚀空隙中,共生矿物为自生石英、石膏、黄铁矿、铀矿物等;③高岭石D V- SMOW 为-119. 4 ‰~-48. 3‰, 18 O V- SMOW 为10. 9 ‰~13. 7 ‰,碳酸盐胶结物 δ 13 C V- PDB 为-10. 9～-7. 2‰, δ 18 O V- SMOW 为17. 6‰～24. 9‰,表明高岭石是由富含CO 2 大气降水（无机）和煤系地层有机质脱羧基及热降解作用产生的有机酸及CH 4 等还原性气体（煤层气）（有机）与砂岩相互作用的产物,并认为高岭石及其共生矿物是在含矿层埋藏成岩过程中流体与岩石相互作用的结果;④高岭石与铀矿化除了存在直接吸附、间接还原关系,还存在成因上的联系,即高岭石和铀成矿皆是有机-无机流体与砂岩相互作用的结果。 相似文献
3.
吐哈盆地西南缘层间氧化带型砂岩铀矿地质特征及找矿前景 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
系统阐述了吐哈盆地西南缘十红滩铀矿床的地质构造、含矿岩系沉积环境、层间氧化带发育特征等铀成矿条件，对矿区南、北矿带控矿层间氧化带分带性、矿体形态、空间展布及铀存在形式进行了详细研究。进一步总结了区域砂岩型铀矿成矿条件和找矿前景，随着找矿工作进展，该区可望成为大型地浸砂岩型铀资源基地。 相似文献
4.
通过对近几年来十红滩地区铀矿勘查资料及找矿成果的综合研究，系统阐述了吐哈盆地西南缘十红滩矿床的地质构造、含矿岩系沉积环境、砂体分布、层问氧化带发育特征等铀成矿条件，对矿区南、北矿带控矿层间氧化带分带性、矿体形态、规模、空间展布、铀存在形式、成矿年龄及铀成矿规律进行了详细研究。进一步总结了区域砂岩型铀成矿条件和找矿前景，指出吐哈盆地西南缘随着找矿工作进展可望成为大型地浸砂岩型铀资源基地，并对指导天山造山带及类似地区地浸砂岩型铀矿找矿具有重要意义。 相似文献
5.
天山造山带属我国西部重要的造山带和可地浸砂岩铀矿成矿带，在山间盆地中铀矿成矿具有明显的区域构造控矿特点和铀成矿规律。伸展型盆地类型是主要的产铀盆地，盆南缘斜坡带是重要的铀矿带和聚矿空间，灰色含煤碎屑岩沉积建造是主要的砂岩铀矿的聚矿环境，河道砂体与控矿前锋线的吻合地段是山间盆地的重要聚矿区段，新构造对层间氧化带的形成和铀矿体再迁移-聚集有着重要的作用。伊犁式、吐哈式铀矿床类型的共性及其差异，具有两种大同小异的铀成矿类型及成矿模式。这些成矿规律和成矿模式，对于今后开展模式找矿具有实际意义。 相似文献
6.
随着松辽盆地西南部砂岩型铀矿勘查与研究的深入,构造天窗作为局部排泄源的认识在指导找矿方面效果明显.然而,现阶段对研究区局部排泄源与铀成矿的内在关系研究相对薄弱,尤其是局部排泄源与铀矿空间定位的内在联系以及是否与研究区内发育的板状矿体、双层氧化带与灰色残留体等独特地质现象有关.因此,本文为探讨松辽盆地西南部砂岩型铀矿中局部排泄源的控矿作用,引入地下水流系统理论,提出白兴吐构造天窗局部排泄源的形成改变了原有的补-径-排体系,使得含矿层内存在局部与区域两套地下水补-径-排体系,并在局部排泄源的附近形成了相对滞流区;局部排泄源主要通过改变含铀含氧地下水的运移方向与速度,来影响层间氧化带发育程度与位置,从而控制含矿层中板状矿体、双层氧化带与灰色残留体的形成及铀矿空间产出位置,并依此建立了研究区砂岩型铀矿成矿模式与找矿模式,不仅丰富砂岩型铀矿成矿理论,并指出后续找矿过程中除了继续围绕构造天窗开展勘查工作外,寻找受区域层间氧化带控制的铀矿可能是研究区扩大铀资源的新突破口. 相似文献
7.
砂岩型铀矿是世界和我国最主要的工业铀矿床类型。勘查和研究发现,部分砂岩型铀矿床中不仅有表生氧化流体作用而且也存在深部流体作用,因此,梳理和明晰盆地深部流体活动的类型及其与砂岩型铀成矿之间的关系对开展“三新”(新区、新层位和新类型)找矿至关重要。本文从宏观和微观角度分析深部流体活动参与砂岩型铀成矿的现状,结合矿床实例,探讨其对铀富集的影响。本次研究将盆地深部流体活动分为深部烃类流体、岩浆火山热液和深部建造水等3种类型,总结了不同类型流体的典型特征与识别标志,分类论述了深部流体活动与铀矿化的时- 空关系;阐述了深部流体活动参与下铀矿物、共- 伴生矿物、矿体形态和含矿砂岩物性等的变化特征。结果表明,深部流体活动主要通过提供新的成矿物质和改变成矿环境两个方面影响砂岩型铀矿的形成,与构造- 岩浆活动有关的流体和深部地层水,对成矿铀源和温度的影响最显著,而深部烃类流体对成矿环境的影响最大,其显著的还原性可弥补或强化赋矿层的还原能力,形成地球化学障或叠加富集效应。深部流体活动参与下的砂岩型铀矿成矿作用与浅部表生氧化流体成矿存在明显的差异,随着铀矿勘查向深部迈进,需要加强深部流体活动参与铀成矿过程的精细研究,丰富砂岩型铀矿成矿理论,推动铀矿勘查的突破。 相似文献
8.
新疆伊犁盆地砂岩型铀矿床层间氧化带中粘土矿物特征及与铀矿化关系研究 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
新疆伊犁盆地砂岩型铀矿床,由于规模大、成矿环境和成矿条件好,在同类型矿床中具有良好的代表性,研究矿床的成矿作用对今后找矿勘查以及开采具有重要理论意义。本文在区域赋铀层位沉积环境研究基础上,以赋矿围岩为研究主体,对伊犁盆地典型铀矿床沉积序列和矿床的控矿层位开展研究,通过对赋矿沉积层位中粘土质对铀矿成矿的控制作用及与铀矿的空间联系和成因分析,开展系统的铀矿床学、能谱测试、显微结构、扫描电镜、地球化学、氢氧同位素等研究,特别是开展了富矿砂体中粘土矿物的种类、成分、结构、同位素、成因等的研究,对粘土质矿物对铀矿成矿的控制作用进行了系统研究。通过研究粘土矿物在伊犁盆地蒙其古尔砂岩型铀矿床成矿过程中的作用及与铀矿的空间联系和成因分析表明:粘土矿物在层间氧化带中分布较为广泛,在主要矿体的氧化还原过渡带中,尤其是部分具有强烈粘土蚀变的砂岩层中铀含量较其他层位要高,反映出粘土矿物与铀成矿是有成因关联的。通过系统的扫描电镜、能谱测试研究,从微观证明粘土矿物与铀成矿有相关关系;粘土矿物的存在导致在近地表含氧含铀水在经过砂岩孔隙时被具有较强吸附能力和巨大表面自由能的粘土矿物所吸附,形成了铀含量较高的片状,团块状的粘土矿物,其在铀成矿作用中起到了吸附和界面的作用,有利于赋矿空间的形成及定位。结合沉积作用、构造活动和后期流体成矿作用等因素,分析了成矿机制和成矿作用,赋矿层位中的粘土矿物、其它成矿条件如岩性(赋矿层和矿源层)、构造(对铀矿化的动力和对地下水径流及铀矿体)等共同控制了铀成矿作用。 相似文献
9.
鄂尔多斯盆地北部中侏罗统直罗组富铀砂岩成岩过程复杂,铀成矿并非典型的层间氧化带模式。通过对盆地北部杭锦旗地区矿化砂岩成岩矿物、方解石碳氧同位素、流体包裹体的综合分析,探讨了杭锦旗砂岩型铀矿的流体作用特征与铀成矿过程。结果表明:矿区砂岩遭受碱性渗入水、烃类降解酸性水、碱性热液3种类型流体作用;碱性热液为最晚期的流体活动,亮晶方解石捕获的原生流体包裹体均一温度峰值为140~160℃,盐度为8.00%~16.34%,方解石δ13C明显偏负(-7.1‰~-18.3‰),为有机来源碳参与的高盐度碱性热流体。前人证实盆地北部砂岩型铀矿具有生物成因特征,与热液活动相悖;结合铀元素迁移特征,认为热液活动与微生物还原作用并不矛盾,碱性热液改变了矿区砂岩流体的物理化学环境,稳定络合物的形成对铀元素具有萃取再富集作用;热液活动是富矿流体形成的关键事件,微生物活动在热液活动停止后直接参与铀还原成矿。 相似文献
10.
彭阳铀矿位于鄂尔多斯盆地西南缘, 是全球首例在风成沉积环境中发现的大型砂岩型铀矿, 具有含矿层位深、砂体厚度大、铀矿品位高等特点。通过对彭阳铀矿地质特征、物源、铀源、铀矿物赋存状态、蚀变矿物、烃类流体参与成矿等方面进行研究, 结合前人研究成果, 系统总结了彭阳铀矿的成矿规律。综合研究表明, 研究区深大断裂发育、拥有厚大砂体及稳定的“泥-沙-泥”结构, 对铀成矿极为有利。同时, 盆地西缘岩体可提供稳定铀源, 浅层富氧含铀流体顺层流动、下渗, 深部烃类流体沿断裂上升至洛河组, 导致红色砂岩褪色蚀变, 为铀成矿提供还原剂。中新世到更新世, 构造活动引发了富氧含铀流体和深层含烃流体的耦合作用, 形成了完整的“补-径-排”流体成矿系统, 最终导致铀成矿。通过分析彭阳铀矿的成矿和控矿要素, 进而建立了成矿模式, 对鄂尔多斯盆地西南缘砂岩型铀矿找矿及其它地区相似地质条件下找矿勘查与研究具有重要指示意义。 相似文献
11.
东濮凹陷北部沙三中亚段广泛发育盐岩和烃源岩,这两个看似不能共存的物质却在这里互层共生。该时期研究区沉积特征为多盐韵律与多层烃源岩互层共生、连续沉积,单个盐韵律厚度从几米到十几米,烃源岩有机质丰度高、类型好。平面上,两者在湖盆沉积沉降中心共生;垂向上,高有机质丰度、好干酪根类型与高盐度地层具有较好的对应关系。因而成为恢复古气候和古环境的重要研究对象。通过岩石学、古生物学以及Sr/Ba、B/Ga、(V+Ni+Mn)、Fe/Mn、Sr/Cu、Mg/Ca、V/(V+Ni)、稀土元素含量和氯同位素等方法对凹陷北部沙三中亚段的沉积环境进行研究。结果表明,凹陷北部沙三中亚段为深水沉积的还原环境,古盐度较高,达到半咸水-咸水沉积;微量元素和孢粉化石特征表明研究区沙三中亚段为温暖潮湿的环境。 相似文献
12.
The Importance of the Precipitation and the Susceptibility of the Slopes for the Triggering of Landslides Along the Roads 总被引：3，自引：1，他引：2
Clemente Irigaray Francisco Lamas Rachid El Hamdouni Tomás Fernández José Chacón 《Natural Hazards》2000,21(1):65-81
In order to characterise the influence of the heavyrains on the observed landslides during the 1996–1997hydrological cycle, rainfall records for the last 100years are analysed from 104 stations in easternAndalusia. Regarding the amounts of rain recordedbetween October 1996 and March 1997 in the 104stations studied, 31 presented new all-time records;15 presented values that were 80–100% of thepre-1995 record; 49 stations, 80–50%; and 9stations, < 50%. A map has been devised of thesusceptibility of the materials through which thesouth-eastern Andalusian road network crosses,together with an inventory of the damage caused byinstability phenomena on banks and cuttings of theroad network during the winter of 1996–1997. Therelationships between the rainfall during the studyperiod, the damage caused to the road network and thesusceptibility of the materials affected are analysed.The results indicate that there is a clearcorrespondence between the rainfall recorded and thesusceptibility of the materials with the inventorieddamage. It is concluded that the widespread seriousdamage caused in early 1997 to the roads andsurrounding areas in the Alpujarra region and thecoast of the Province of Granada was mainly caused bythe extraordinarily heavy rains. However, considerablyless damage was observed where the susceptibility ofthe terrain is low, thus highlighting the extremeusefulness of terrain-susceptibility maps for riskprevention and territorial planning. 相似文献
13.
郯庐断裂南段研究进展与断裂性质讨论 总被引：13，自引：3，他引：13
据1：5万区域地质调查和专题研究资料，就郯庐断裂带是否南延与消失的原因，其与大别—苏鲁造山带交截形成的假位错效应，以及与中新生代沉积盆地形成演化的关系等作了新的阐述。在此基础上，讨论了郯庐断裂带是否为巨大的左行平移断层或转换断层。认为郯庐断裂带可能是在“古郯庐带”的基础上于早侏罗世重新活动、白垩纪强烈活动的地堑型枢纽断裂带。 相似文献
14.
Guboglo M. N. 《GeoJournal》1980,4(1):53-58
International unity is becoming ever stronger in this country owing to an increasing similarity in the development of the cultural environment. This comprises the provision of all the country's republics with a sufficient number of schools, theatres, and other institutions and cultural information media in accordance with the needs of the population. An important part is played by the rise in ‘the general educational level, as well as the level of professional qualifications and skills. Among all the Soviet nations and nationalities, this rise being more rapid among formerly backward peoples. Prominent among the factors of internationalization is the progressive development of the nationalities’ cultural resources, while professional culture is being increasingly brought within the reach of the masses.The implementation of the nationalities policy promotes the all-round development of all Soviet nations and nationalities, their drawing together, the upsurge of the individual capabilities of every Soviet citizen. 相似文献
15.
16.
某高速公路下伏煤矿采空区稳定性分析 总被引：10，自引：0，他引：10
在论述某高速公路下伏砦脖煤矿采空区地质、采矿和工程地质特征的基础上, 进行了稳定性数值模拟分析, 定性与定量地分析与评价了该煤矿采空区的地表变形特征及稳定性。研究结果表明: 该煤矿采空区的变形尚未完成, 对拟建的高速公路将产生很大的危害, 必须采取相应的工程治理措施。 相似文献
17.
Jiayu Rong Michael Melchin S. Henry Williams Tatyana N. Koren Jacques Verniers 《《幕》》2008,31(3):315-318
The Global Stratotype Section and Point （GSSP） for the base of the Silurian System was defined in 1985. Since that time, a number of researchers have suggested that this section has serious deficiencies for use as a GSSP. As a result, in 2000, the Subcommission on Silurian Stratigraphy （SSS） proposed undertaking a formal restu@ of this GSSP, which was subsequently approved by the International Commission of Stratigraphy （ICS）. The result of this restudy was the formal proposal that the current GSSP, at 1.6 m above the base of the Birkhill Shale, at Dob＇s Linn, Scotland, should be maintained as the same locality and stratigraphic level, but the bios- tratigraphical definition of the boundary should be revised. The previously defined, basal Silurian grapto- lite zone, the Parakidograptus acuminatus Zone, should be subdivided into a lower Akidograptus ascensus Zone and a higher E acuminatus Zone. The base of the A. ascensus Zone, marked by the first appearance of A. ascensus, should be regarded as the biostratigraphic mark for the base of the Silurian. This proposal has now been formally approved by the SSS and ICS, and ratified by International Union of Geological Sciences. This is the first GSSP to undergo formal restudy and redefini- tion, and the proposal also included a recommended procedure for restudy of GSSPs. 相似文献
18.
Dean S. Oliver 《Mathematical Geology》1998,30(7):911-933
In reservoir characterization, the covariance is often used to describe the spatial correlation and variation in rock properties or the uncertainty in rock properties. The inverse of the covariance, on the other hand, is seldom discussed in geostatistics. In this paper, I show that the inverse is required for simulation and estimation of Gaussian random fields, and that it can be identified with the differential operator in regularized inverse theory. Unfortunately, because the covariance matrix for parameters in reservoir models can be extremely large, calculation of the inverse can be a problem. In this paper, I discuss four methods of calculating the inverse of the covariance, two of which are analytical, and two of which are purely numerical. By taking advantage of the assumed stationarity of the covariance, none of the methods require inversion of the full covariance matrix. 相似文献
19.
Deviation of the major axis of the inertia ellipsoid of the Moon from the direction toward the Earth
B. P. Kondratyev 《Astronomy Reports》2017,61(8):709-714
It is known from observations that the center of mass of the Moon does not coincide with the geometric center of its figure, and the line connecting these two centers is not aligned with the direction toward the center of the Earth, instead deviating toward the Southeast. This stationary deviation of the axis of the inertia ellipsoid of the Moon to the South of the direction toward the Earth is analyzed. A system of five linear differential equations describing the physical libration of the Moon in latitude is considered, and these equations are derived using a new vector method taking into account perturbations from the Earth and partly from the Sun. The characteristic equation of this system is obtained, and all five oscillation frequencies are found. Special attention is paid to the fifth (zero) frequency, for which the solution of the latitude libration equations are stationary and represents a previously unknown additional motion of the rotational axis of theMoon in a cone with a small opening angle. In contrast to the astronomical precession of the Earth, the rotation of the angular-velocity vector is in the positive direction (counter-clockwise), with the period T 3 = 27.32 days. On this basis, this phenomenon has been named “quasi-precession.” This quasi-precession leads to a stationary inclination of the major axis of the inertia ellipsoid of theMoon to the South (for an observer on Earth), making it possible to explain one component of the observed deviation of the center of mass of the Moon from the direction toward the Earth. The opening angle of the quasiprecession cone is approximately 0.834″. 相似文献
20.
Important tendencies in development of the world mineral-resources sector at the beginning of the 21st century were an increase in production and consumption of mineral materials differentiated by types of metals and nonmetallic mineral raw materials, by countries and regions, as well as the concentration of the production of mineral raw materials in a small number of countries, and a reduction in industrial reserves of minerals in the world economy, even at the current stage of their extraction. These tendencies should be taken into account in working out a strategy for development of the Russian mineral raw-material base. 相似文献