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1.
北秦岭庙湾组黑色岩系稀土元素地球化学特征及成因意义 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
笔者采用等离子质谱仪(ICP-MS)方法对北秦岭大荆区奥陶纪—志留纪庙湾组黑色岩系岩石的稀土元素及V、Ni、Cr、U、Th等微量元素含量进行了测定。结果显示岩石轻稀土元素相对重稀土元素富集, Eu异常值δEu为0.63~10.61(绝多数大于1.54)多呈正异常, Ce异常值δCe为0.65~1.02(平均为0.893) 异常微弱且有正负差异; U/Th值为0.38~4.07, w (V)/w (V +Ni)值为0.38~0.93以及w (Ce)/w (La)值为1.27~2.17。将这些特征值与前人研究成果对比, 并利用La/Yb-Ce/La和La/Yb-REE判别图解判别后, 认为北秦岭区庙湾组黑色岩系形成于活动陆缘一种干燥缺氧较深浅海环境, 黑色岩系形成过程中有热液作用参与。 相似文献
2.
为深入探讨湘西地区下寒武统牛蹄塘组黑色岩系沉积-构造环境,对三岔剖面黑色岩系进行了详细采样测试,并重点分析了主量、微量及稀土元素地球化学特征。研究结果表明,牛蹄塘组黑色岩系不仅有机碳含量高,而且相比于北美页岩更富集V、Ni、Cr等微量元素。δ~(13)C_(org)及微量元素判别指标V/(V+Ni)、V/Cr、Ni/Co、δU、Ce/La、Ce_(anom)等特征的变化均反映牛蹄塘组沉积期水体属缺氧还原的浅水环境,且Mo/TOC与U_(EF)-Mo_(EF)协同模式表明沉积区当时为一局限海盆环境。稀土元素(REE)中轻稀土相对重稀土富集,且北美页岩标准化分布模式呈近水平略微左倾状,结合元素比值特征和La/YbCe/Yb、La/Yb-ΣREE图解,牛蹄塘组黑色岩系的母岩以长英质岩石为主,但沉积过程也受到海底热液作用影响。同时,根据δCe、δEu的特征与K_2O/Na_2O-SiO_2图解,认为沉积区在早寒武世为被动大陆边缘构造背景。 相似文献
3.
奇尔古斯套组硅质岩SiO2含量较高,Al2O3、TiO2含量变化较大,反映出较多的外来物质的加入;Si/ (Al+Fe+Mn)、Al/ (Al+ Fe+ Mn)、MnO/TiO2、Al2 O3/(Al2 O3+ Fe3 O2)值较高,反映其为生物化学成因,形成于大陆边缘环境;Fe2O3/TiO2对Al2O3/(Al2 O3+ Fe2O3)图解同样说明其形成于大陆边缘环境.REE较高,HREE富集不明显,北美页岩标准化后的稀土配分模式曲线较为平坦,向左倾斜不明显,(La/Ce)shale值较低,δCeshale值较高,无明显Ce负异常,反映奇尔古斯套组硅质岩属生物化学成因硅质岩,形成于大陆边缘环境; (La/Ce)shale对Al2 O3/(Al2 O3+Fe2 O3)图解亦说明其形成于大陆边缘环境.微量元素中Hf含量高,而Be、Li、Nb、Rb、Sr、Ta、Th、U、V、Zr含量低;Ba元素含量低;Co、Ni贫富相当,Co/Ni值较高,U/Th值低,说明奇尔古斯套组硅质岩属于正常的生物化学成因的硅质岩. 相似文献
4.
湘西北下寒武统黑色岩系是中国南方下寒武统黑色岩系的重要组成部分,富含钒镍钼等多金属元素。文中对湘西北下寒武统黑色岩系钒镍钼矿进行了微量元素研究,研究区内Ni、Cd、Mo、Sb、V、Zn、W、Ba等元素特别富集,高含量的Sb和Ba表明其为热水沉积;Mo含量极高说明其为缺氧的还原环境;高的V/（V+Ni）、V/Cr、Ni/Co以及δU值表明其沉积环境为缺氧环境;高的 U/Th表明本区有热水沉积作用;稀土元素配分模式、Ce和Eu异常及La/Yb Ce/La和La/Yb ΣREE图解投点表明其沉积环境为还原环境,并有热水沉积作用。可见黑色岩系形成于缺氧环境,热液活动为其提供了丰富的热液来源。 相似文献
5.
川西丹巴铜炉房金矿区大地位置上处于松潘—甘孜造山带,金矿体主要赋存于铜炉房背斜核部泥盆系危观群黑色岩系中。黑色岩系的主量元素烧失量较高;微量元素体现出富集亲石元素,略微亏损亲硫元素和亲铁元素的特征;稀土总量平均值略低于国内同类岩石平均值,稀土分布模式曲线向右倾斜并有Eu负异常。Al2O3/(Al2O3+Fe2O3)值和MnO2/TiO2值表明其处于大陆边缘环境内。U/Th关系图落入了正常远洋沉积区的核心部位。Al/(Al+Fe+Mn)值和Si/(Si+Al+Fe)值以及Al2O3-SiO2岩石热水成因模式图解显示,其物质来源主要为陆源提供。在Ni-Zn-Co三角图中,所有样品均落在热水沉积区域,显示出了Zn和Ni的相对富集;SiO2/Al2O3值表明其物源有海底热水沉积物或生物的成分补充。黑色岩系Ce的弱负异常显示,其形成于一种比较干燥缺氧的封闭环境。 相似文献
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地区广泛发育有下寒武统。利用ICP-MS方法系统分析重庆城口地区下寒武统黑色岩系中多金属富集层、炭质粉砂岩以及硅质岩样品的微量元素、稀土元素组成。研究结果表明稀土总量为111.41×10-6~184.13×10-6,平均为138.83×10-6,相对其他地区黑色岩系较低;LREE/HREE=2.49~3.44,LREE相对富集,HREE亏损;δCe=0.39~0.46,Ce呈明显负异常;δEu=0.84~1.10,Eu异常不明显。δCe,δU,V/Cr,Ni/Cr,V/(V+Ni)表明该区黑色岩系形成于缺氧环境;稀土元素地球化学特征及其相关图解、Cr,Sb,As,Bi的富集以及U/Th等反映本区黑色岩系非正常海水沉积产物,明显受热水沉积的影响,同时还存在火山活动的影响,火山活动可能为热水活动提供了动力及物质成分。 相似文献
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冀北赤城红旗营子群黑云斜长片麻岩的岩石学、地球化学及原岩特征 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
冀北赤城红旗营子群黑云斜长片麻岩具斑状变晶结构,变基质为中、细粒鳞片粒状变晶结构,片麻状构造,局部保留有变余砂状结构。岩石主要由斜长石(28%~32%)、石英(35%~40%)、黑云母(18%~25%)及少量石榴石(2%~8%)和石墨(1%~4%)等组成,其变质演化可能是一个降温、降压的过程。黑云斜长片麻岩样品具有较宽的常量元素变化范围,稀土元素含量不是很高且变化较大,ΣREE介于49.45×10-6~140.10×10-6之间,具有轻稀土富集、重稀土平坦的球粒陨石标准化稀土配分模式,轻、重稀土元素比值为5.23~9.16,(La/Yb)CN值为5.07~8.70。大多数样品具中等程度的负Eu异常和不太明显的负Ce异常,(Eu/Eu*)CN和(Ce/Ce*)CN值分别为0.63~0.81和0.82~1.01。岩石中Rb、Sr、Cs、Ba、Zr、Hf、Nb、Ta、Th和U等微量元素含量均低于上地壳的平均含量,但Sr/Ba和Th/U值高于上地壳的平均值。红旗营子群黑云斜长片麻岩的地球化学特征表明其原岩应为泥质(或含泥质)砂岩,可能形成于大陆岛弧环境。 相似文献
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《地质科技情报》2015,(5)
为了探讨大巴山早寒武世黑色岩层的稀土元素特征及古沉积环境,采用电感耦合等离子体质谱法(ICP-MS)对大巴山城巴断块内的水井沱组黑色岩层的稀土元素及V、Ni、Cr、U、Th、Zn、Co等微量元素质量分数进行了测定,并与前人研究的鲁家坪组黑色岩层进行了对比分析。研究结果表明,城巴断块内的黑色岩层轻稀土元素相对重稀土元素富集,Ce异常值δCeN为0.47~0.94(平均值0.69),δCeS为0.46~0.91(平均值0.67)呈负异常,Eu异常值δEuN=0.27~1.03(平均值0.57),δEuS=0.42~1.57(绝大多数小于0.87),δEu基本呈现负异常;U/Th比值为2.52~67.51,Sr/Cu比值为5.83~27.96,V/(V+Ni)比值为0.65~0.98,V/Cr比值为1.35~17.79及δU值为1.77~1.99,结合REE的北美页岩标准化曲线、La-Ce图解、Zn-Ni-Co三角图解及La/Yb-REE判别图解的分析表明,大巴山城巴断块内的早寒武世黑色岩层沉积时所处的古气候为干热型气候,黑色岩层形成于被动大陆边缘的缺氧浅海陆棚-斜坡过渡带的沉积环境,且明显受到热液作用的影响。 相似文献
9.
松辽盆地东南隆起区青山口组一段泥页岩地球化学特征及地质意义 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
松辽盆地青山口组一段主要为暗色泥岩,并发育多层品质较好的油页岩。对盆地东南隆起区NGN1井泥岩系统取样测试,地球化学分析结果显示:w(Si O2)为44.88%~57.75%,w(K2O)一般比w(Na2O)高,w(Mg O+Fe2OT3)为4.5%~10.01%,表明泥岩中含有较多的含钾矿物和一定的铁镁质成分。样品微量元素PAAS标准化配分曲线显示样品中元素富集、亏损均呈现基本一致的趋势,表明泥岩沉积时期存在一种主要物源。稀土元素球粒陨石标准化后呈现出明显的右倾趋势和Eu的负异常,显示物源来自上地壳。泥岩CIA指数为48~62,Th/U值大都集中在1.48~4,表明泥岩源区经历了低等的风化作用;Th/Sc--Zr/Sc图解显示泥岩中的沉积碎屑没有经历沉积再循环,受原岩成分控制,表明地球化学数据可以进行物源类型和构造环境判断。根据原岩和构造背景判别图解,松辽盆地东南隆起区青一段泥岩物源主要为中—晚侏罗世中酸性喷发岩,并混有海西期和燕山期花岗岩;原岩的构造背景为大陆边缘造山运动形成的大陆岛弧。 相似文献
10.
白云鄂博群黑色岩系微量元素地球化学特征及地质意义 总被引：3，自引：1，他引：3
白云鄂博群位于华北地台北缘,是一套中—新元古代裂谷沉积的产物。尖山组和比鲁特组是其中主要的黑色岩系。对以上两组中的碳质页岩和板岩的Au、Ag、As、Ba、Co、Cu、Hg、Mn、Mo、Ni、P、Pb、V、Zn、U、B、Sb等微量元素和稀土元素进行了较为详细的研究。通过元素含量特征、w(V)/w(V+Ni)、w(Zn)-w(Co)-w(Ni)三元图、稀土配分曲线、w(Ce)/w(La)、Ce和Eu异常、w(La)/w(Yb)-w(Ce)/w(La)和w(La)/w(Yb)-w(ΣREE)图解等方法对其沉积环境特征进行了探讨。微量元素含量分析显示白云鄂博群黑色岩系以富亲铜元素和亲石元素、贫亲铁元素为特征,其中富集Hg、B、As、Mn、Sb、Au、Ag、Pb、P、Ba、U、Mo等多种元素;较高的w(B)反映了黑色岩系沉积于盐度较高的水体中;高的w(V)/w(V+Ni)、w(Ce)/w(La)反映了黑色岩系形成于缺氧的沉积环境中;黑色岩系中Hg、Sb、Ba的富集和w(Zn)-w(Co)-w(Ni)图解中投点大部分靠近热水沉积区域指示了黑色岩系中有热水沉积物的参与;稀土元素配分模式、Ce和Eu异常及w(La)/w(Yb)-w(ΣREE)和w(La)/w(Yb)-w(Ce)/w(La)图解投点在两岩组中的不同特点表明尖山组沉积物以陆源沉积为主,有少量热水沉积物参与;而比鲁特组中热水沉积组分所占比例较大,形成时海水较深。 相似文献
11.
S. Viswanathan K. Surya Prakash Rao B. Mahabaleswar 《Journal of the Geological Society of India》2013,82(6):621-627
Komatiites are mantle-derived ultramafic volcanic rocks. Komatiites have been discovered in several States of India, notably in Karnataka. Studies on the distribution of trace-elements in the komatiites of India are very few. This paper proposes a simple, accurate, precise, rapid, and non-destructive wavelength-dispersive x-ray fluorescence (WDXRF) spectrometric technique for determining Sc, V, Cr, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, Rb, Sr, Y, Zr, Nb, Ba, Pb, and Th in komatiites, and discusses the accuracy, precision, limits of detection, x-ray spectral-line interferences, inter-element effects, speed, advantages, and limitations of the technique. The accuracy of the technique is excellent (within 3%) for Sc, V, Cr, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, Rb, Sr, Zr, Nb, Ba, Pb, and Th and very good (within 4%) for Y. The precision is also excellent (within 3%) for Sc, V, Cr, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, Rb, Sr, Y, Zr, Nb, Ba, Pb, and Th. The limits of detection are: 1 ppm for Sc and V; 2 ppm for Cr, Co, and Ni; 3 ppm for Cu, Zn, Rb, and Sr; 4 ppm for Y and Zr; 6 ppm for Nb; 10 ppm for Ba; 13 ppm for Pb; and 14 ppm for Th. The time taken for determining Sc, V, Cr, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, Rb, Sr, Y, Zr, Nb, Ba, Pb, and Th in a batch of 24 samples of komatiites, for a replication of four analyses per sample, by one operator, using a manual WDXRF spectrometer, is only 60 hours. 相似文献
12.
E. M. Prasolov S. A. Sergeev B. V. Belyatsky E. S. Bogomolov K. A. Gruzdov I. N. Kapitonov R. Sh. Krymsky V. O. Khalenev 《Geochemistry International》2018,56(1):46-64
This paper reports the first results of a study of 11 isotope systems (3He/4He, 40Ar/36Ar, 34S/32S, 65Cu/63Cu, 62Ni/60Ni, 87Sr/86Sr, 143Nd/144Nd, 206–208Pb/204Pb, Hf–Nd, U–Pb, and Re–Os) in the rocks and ores of the Cu–Ni–PGE deposits of the Norilsk ore district. Almost all the results were obtained at the Center of Isotopic Research of the Karpinskii All-Russia Research Institute of Geology. The use of a number of independent genetic isotopic signatures and comprehensive isotopic knowledge provided a methodic basis for the interpretation of approximately 5000 isotopic analyses of various elements. The presence of materials from two sources, crust and mantle, was detected in the composition of the rocks and ores. The contribution of the crustal source is especially significant in the paleofluids (gas–liquid microinclusions) of the ore-forming medium. Crustal solutions were probably a transport medium during ore formation. Air argon is dominant in the ores, which indicates a connection between the paleofluids and the atmosphere. This suggests intense groundwater circulation during the crystallization of ore minerals. The age of the rocks and ores of the Norilsk deposits was determined. The stage of orebody formation is restricted to a narrow age interval of 250 ± 10 Ma. An isotopic criterion was proposed for the ore-bearing potential of mafic intrusions in the Norilsk–Taimyr region. It includes several interrelated isotopic ratios of various elements: He, Ar, S, and others. 相似文献
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14.
奥地利安东帕有限公司 《岩矿测试》2009,28(3):306-306
最新的流行病学研究表明,空气中较高浓度的悬浮细颗粒可能对人类的健康有不利的影响。根据该项研究显示,由于心脏病、慢性呼吸问题和肺功能指标恶化而导致死亡率的升高与细尘粒子有关。这些研究结果已经促使欧盟于1999年4月出台了限制空气中二氧化硫、二氧化氮、氧化氮、铅和颗粒物含量的法案(1999/30/EC),对各项指标包括对可吸入PM10颗粒的浓度提出了新的限制性指标。PM10颗粒是指可以通过预分级器分离采集的气体动力学直径小于10μm的细颗粒。目前研究的兴趣重点逐步偏向PM2.5这些更细微颗粒物,PM2.5这种颗粒物对健康有明显的不利影响。在欧盟指令2008/50/EC中,对PM10和PM2.5都提 相似文献
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Mining induced subsidence can significantly affect mining costs where major surface facilities and natural environment need to be protected. Overburden grout injection is a technology used to control coal mine subsidence by injecting the mine waste material extracted from the coal back into the inter-burden rock during longwall mining. The flowing slurry is here categorised as a nonlinear viscous cohesive (Bingham plastic) fluid. During longwall mining the grout slurry is pumped into the separated beds of the rock mass through a central vertical borehole, which is drilled deep into the inter-burden rock strata above the coal seam. However, a blockage can occur in the injection system when the slurry velocity falls below a certain critical threshold velocity, indicating a material phase change from cohesive-viscous to cohesive-frictional. In situ field injection tests through boreholes have been simulated at a smaller scale at the CSIRO laboratory in Brisbane by pumping the slurry through a radial disk (gap = 4 mm) from its centre. Laboratory experiments indicate a general, nonlinear, cohesive, viscous, frictional model for shear behaviour of the slurry, in which the material shear parameters are functions of the disk radial distance. Complete dimensional and dimensionless analytical solutions have been developed based on an approach related to Bingham–Herschel–Bulkley fluid mechanics. The derived formulae include relations for minimum pump pressure, local pressure and pressure gradient, wall shear stress, volume rate, velocity and velocity gradient. The theoretical results match the experimental measurements. The experiments covered slurries with maximum particle sizes of 0.5 to 2 mm with about 50% being larger than 100 µm. The viscosities at the various solids concentrations were measured with a standard torsion viscometer. This study differs from the previous research in several distinct aspects, namely, consideration of the variable shear parameters rather than fixed values, inclusion of total nonlinear behaviour, and implementation of a friction function to mimic behaviour of the deposited and consolidating stiff slurry, which can cause a significant pressure rise as a result of the increased shear resistance. 相似文献
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Alexander E. C. Broberg J. S. Kehren A. R. Graziani M. M. Turri W. L. 《Environmental Geology》1993,22(4):353-361
Bellechester, Minnesota, is a small community of approximately 155 residents located on the county line between Goodhue and Wabasha counties in southeast Minnesota's karst region. Bellechester is served by a 21-year-old wastewater treatment facility (WWTF) consisting of three waste-stabilization ponds. On 28 April 1992 six sinkholes were discovered to have drained cell 2 of the WWTF resulting in the loss of approximately 8.7×106 1 of partially treated effluent and about 600 m3 of soil into previously undetected subsurface voids of unknown dimensions. In the week following the collapse, approximately 200 water wells located within a 5-km radius of the WWTF were sampled in an after-the-fact, emergency sampling program. Twelve samples with elevated fecal coliform levels, 18 samples with nitrate-nitrogen greater than the 10 mg/1 standard, and no samples with elevated chlorides were found. However, the elevated levels could not be unambiguously attributed to the WWTF collapse. This is the third WWTF to fail by sinkhole collapse in southeast Minnesota since 1974. All three collapsed lagoons have been located in similar geomorphic and stratigraphic settings. However, at least two lagoons have collapsed in the adjacent area in northeast Iowa, and these lagoons are located at different stratigraphic positions. Twenty-two WWTFs constructed in southeast Minnesota's karst region in the last 25 years have been identified as subject to potential sinkhole collapse. An unknown but significant number of manure storage lagoons, flood control structures, etc., have also been constructed in the karst region and are at risk. Public agencies are beginning to develop plans to deal with the risk associated with existing and future waste lagoons in this environment. The critical hydrogeologic parameters that can be used to prioritize the risk of collapse at existing facilities include: (1) the lithology of the first bedrock beneath each lagoon, (2) the thickness of surficial materials between the lagoon and the bedrock surface, (3) the presence and construction of liners (seepage rate), and (4) the proximity to existing sinkholes. 相似文献
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岩石密度和超高压岩石折返速率 总被引：1，自引：3，他引：1
在常温常压条件下对中国大陆科学钻CCSD主孔100-3000米岩心样品进行了密度测量,建立了密度连续剖面,并界定了不同超高压岩石的密度值。通过对比高温高压物性实验资料,岩石密度随着退变程度增强而降低,榴辉岩密度变化序列为3.52g/cm3→3.49g/cm3→3.07g/cm3→2.93g/cm3。超高压长英质岩石密度变化序列为3.00g/cm→2.80g/cm3→2.65g/cm3。上述实验资料是讨论不同折返阶段岩石所受浮力的基础,为研究折返速率大小提供了基本参数。本文通过折返板块运动平衡时,上浮力与粘滞力平衡这一关系式,定量研究了大陆俯冲板块的折返速率,认为密度差产生上浮力从而引起折返,温度对板块折返速率的影响最为显著;密度差大小、折返角度、折返板块大小对折返速率也有直接的影响。定量模拟分析表明,在温度高于850℃时,板块的折返速率可以超过100mm/a;当温度降至700℃时,折返速率则低于1.5mm/a。作者认为在折返早期,温度较高,板块快速折返至60-70km榴辉岩相深度;随着传导散热,温度降低,板块以较慢的速率折返至中下地壳。折返速率的估算表明,浮力是板块折返第一阶段(从>100km深部折返至<40km的中下地壳)的主要驱动力。 相似文献
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Mercury,arsenic, antimony,and selenium contents of sediment from the Kuskokwim River,Bethel, Alaska,USA 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
The Kuskokwim River at Bethel, Alaska, drains a major mercury-antimony metallogenic province in its upper reaches and tributaries. Bethel (population 4000) is situated on the Kuskokwim floodplain and also draws its water supply from wells located in river-deposited sediment. A boring through overbank and floodplain sediment has provided material to establish a baseline datum for sediment-hosted heavy metals. Mercury (total), arsenic, antimony, and selenium contents were determined; aluminum was also determined and used as normalizing factor. The contents of the heavy metals were relatively constant with depth and do not reflect any potential enrichment from upstream contaminant sources. 相似文献