藏南扎西康矿区流纹岩的岩石地球化学、锆石U-Pb测年和Hf同位素组成   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

林彬  唐菊兴  郑文宝  冷秋锋  杨超  唐晓倩  黄勇  王艺云  谭江云 《地质论评》2014,(1)

本文对藏南扎西康铅锌锑银矿区流纹岩进行详细的岩石地球化学、锆石U-Pb年代学和Hf同位素组成研究。详细的地球化学特征显示,扎西康流纹岩具有富硅(SiO2=73.37%~77.08%)、贫碱(Na2O+K2O=3.48%~3.56%),贫Mg(MgO=0.36%~0.49%),贫Ca(CaO=0.50%~0.66%),强过铝质(A/CNK=2.16~2.62),富集Rb、Th、U、Pb等大离子亲石元素及Hf、Nd等高场强元素,并明显亏损Sr、Ti等元素。稀土总量较高(∑REE=295.71×10-6~343.82×10-6),轻稀土富集,且轻重稀土分异明显(LREE/HREE=10.00~12.62),弱负Eu异常(δEu=0.57~0.88),无明显Ce异常。采用LA-MC-ICP-MS对流纹岩锆石U-Pb年龄进行测定,岩体成岩年龄为135.33±0.62Ma。锆石εHf(t)值较低,主要集中在-9.5~-24.2,显示其物源为壳源。扎西康矿区出露的流纹岩形成于早白垩世,可能是Comei—Bunury大火成岩省的一部分。  相似文献   

北祁连干沙鄂博矿区碱性岩锆石U- Pb年龄、Hf同位素及岩石地球化学特征     

黄增保  郑建平  李葆华  董晓燕  付太宇  许龙  高昆丽 《地质学报》2018,92(12):2420-2436

干沙鄂博稀土矿床位于北祁连造山带中段,是祁连成矿带内最大的稀土矿床。矿体产于早泥盆世碱性岩体及其围岩接触带内。为了查明含矿碱性岩体侵位时代、岩石成因和源区性质,本文开展了岩石学、锆石U- Pb定年、锆石Hf同位素及岩石地球化学研究。结果表明碱性岩体由霓辉正长岩、霓辉正长斑岩、石英正长斑岩和花岗斑岩组成,侵入于毛藏寺花岗闪长岩中。该岩体LA- ICPMS锆石U- Pb年龄为409.7±5.8Ma,εHf(t)值变化于-0.15~+2.34之间,平均1.03,tDM2(Hf)为1.2~1.1 Ga。岩石主量元素SiO2介于59.1%~68.5%之间,具高钾（Na2O/K2O =0.35~0.85）,富碱质（K2O+Na2O=7.91%~11.09%）、贫CaO（2.90%~8.17%）、MgO（0.21%~1.30%）的特征,属钾玄质系列碱性岩;岩石强烈富集轻稀土元素和大离子亲石元素（如Rb、Ba、Sr、U 和Pb等）,亏损重稀土元素和高场强元素（如Nb、Ta和Ti）,弱负Eu异常（δEu为0.7 ~ 0.8）,以及轻稀土富集的右倾型稀土元素配分模式,具A型花岗岩岩石地球化学特征。结合区域构造演化,认为干沙鄂博矿区碱性岩形成于造山后伸展环境,为晚奥陶世北祁连洋闭合后,于早泥盆世发生区域性拉张作用,诱发碱性岩浆侵入和与其共生稀土矿体的形成。  相似文献   

柴北缘滩间山地区独树沟金矿花岗斑岩锆石U- Pb年代学、地球化学和Hf同位素   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

李治华  李碧乐  李鹏 《地质学报》2020,94(12):3625-3642

本文报道了柴北缘滩间山地区独树沟金矿区花岗斑岩的地球化学、锆石U- Pb定年和Hf同位素的研究结果。全岩化学分析显示岩石具有富硅（SiO2=75. 23%~77. 28%）、钠（Na2O/K2O=1. 71~2. 41），贫铁（TFe2O3=1. 04%~3. 24%）、镁（MgO=0. 28%~0. 39%）、钙（CaO=0. 23%~0. 75%）、铝（Al2O3=13. 09%~13. 73%）的特征；样品富集大离子亲石元素如Rb、K、Th和U，明显亏损高场强元素Nb、Ta、Ti和 P，富集轻稀土元素，亏损重稀土元素，岩石具有较强的Eu负异常（δEu=0. 49~0. 53），分异指数DI为90. 76~93. 71，指示岩石发生了较强的结晶分异作用，通过与邻区花岗岩进行特征对比，判断独树沟花岗斑岩为高分异I型花岗岩；锆石U- Pb定年显示，独树沟花岗斑岩形成于350. 8±1. 7Ma；锆石Hf同位素显示，独树沟花岗斑岩的锆石εHf( t )值为+1. 82~+9. 19，平均值为+6. 85，二阶段模式年龄（ t DM2）为768~1238Ma，独树沟花岗斑岩的Hf同位素组成变化较大，指示其源区物质组成较为复杂，以新元古代新生地壳物质为主，有中元古代甚至更古老的地壳物质存在。结合柴北缘古生代构造演化历史，认为独树沟花岗斑岩形成于早古生代碰撞造山之后的伸展环境。  相似文献   

大兴安岭中段塔尔气地区流纹岩年龄、地球化学特征及其地质意义   总被引：4，自引：2，他引：2  

李杰  吕新彪  陈超  衮民汕  杨永胜  徐益群  王琳  张帅 《地质通报》2016,35(6):906-918

塔尔气地区位于大兴安岭主脊中段,晚中生代广泛发育一套玄武岩、安山岩、英安岩、流纹岩及相应火山碎屑岩的岩石组合。以流纹岩为研究对象,进行了LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb年龄、岩石地球化学研究。测年结果显示,流纹岩形成于132±2Ma(MSWD=1.5,2σ),属早白垩世中期。岩石地球化学特征表明,流纹岩属于典型的弱过铝质高钾钙碱系列岩石,具有高硅(71.6%~77%)、富碱(Na_2O+K_2O=7.94%~9.64%)且富钾(K_2O=4.5%~5.46%)的特征;轻、重稀土元素分馏明显,具中等Eu负异常(δEu=0.22~0.7),亏损高场强元素Nb、Ta、P、Ti,相对富Th、U、Zr、Hf,富集大离子亲石元素K、Rb,相对贫Ba、Sr,显示A型流纹岩特征。岩浆源区与硬质砂岩相似,具有较高的锆饱和温度,可能为地壳部分熔融的产物,形成于后碰撞伸展的大地构造环境。  相似文献   

江西富城岩体西部过铝质细粒花岗岩锆石U-Pb年龄和地球化学特征   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

任海涛  吴俊奇  叶锡芳  凌洪飞  陈培荣 《高校地质学报》2013,19(2):327-345

针对江西会昌富城岩体年代学的不同结论,对该岩体西部的细粒花岗岩进行了锆石U-Pb 年代学研究,并分析了细
粒花岗岩和粗粒花岗岩的岩石地球化学和锆石Hf 同位素地球化学特征,探讨了该岩体的成因和构造背景。细粒花岗岩LAICP-
MS 锆石U-Pb 定年结果表明,成岩年龄为219.1~221.5 Ma（平均220 Ma）,为印支期岩浆活动产物;岩石地球化学组成
上表现为高硅（SiO2=71.7%~78.2%）、富碱（K2O+Na2O=7.16%~8.13%,K2O/Na2O=2.00~3.53）、强过铝（A/CNK=1.11~1.26）,贫Ca,Mg; 稀土元素总量较低（ΣREE=72.9×10-6~203.0×10-6),Eu 负亏损强烈, 富集Rb,Cs,K,Pb等大离子亲石元素和Th,U,Ta,Zr等高场强元素,贫Ba,Sr,P,Ti 等元素;综合岩相学和岩石地球化学特征表明该岩体为S型花岗岩。粗粒花岗岩定年结果表明,成岩年龄为227 Ma,也为印支期岩浆活动的产物;岩石地球化学组成上同样表现为高硅
（SiO2=75.1%~76.3%）、富碱（K2O+Na2O=7.39%~8.72%,K2O/Na2O=1.79~2.60）、弱过铝到强过铝（A/CNK=0.9~1.14）,贫Ca,Mg。稀土元素总量较低（ΣREE=125.5×10-6~160.2×10-6）,Eu负亏损强烈,富集Rb,Cs,K,Pb 等大离子亲石元素和Th,U,Ta,Zr 等高场强元素,贫Ba,Sr,P,Ti 等元素;综合岩相学和岩石地球化学特征表明该岩体为S 型花岗岩。同位素组成方面,富城细粒花岗岩体的εHf（t ）值变化于-2.3~-10.8 之间,平均为-7.5,两阶段模式年龄为1.4~1.96 Ga,粗粒花岗岩体的εHf（t ）值变化于-5.0~-19.8之间,平均为-8.8,两阶段模式年龄为1.59~2.51 Ga,表明源岩为元古代壳源富泥质变质组分经过部分熔融,再经过分离结晶作用,在同碰撞构造背景下形成了富城细粒花岗岩和粗粒花岗岩。  相似文献   

江西彭山锡多金属矿集区隐伏花岗岩体的岩石地球化学、锆石U-Pb年代学和Hf同位素组成   总被引：8，自引：7，他引：1  

罗兰  蒋少涌  杨水源  赵葵东  汪石林  高文亮 《岩石学报》2010,26(9):2818-2834

本文对江西彭山锡多金属矿集区隐伏花岗岩体进行了详细的锆石U-Pb年代学、Hf同位素组成和岩石地球化学研究。SHRIMP和LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb定年表明,该岩体年龄为128~129Ma,属燕山晚期岩浆活动的产物。详细的地球化学分析显示,彭山隐伏花岗岩体具有高硅(SiO2=75.42%~76.46%)、富碱(Na2O+K2O=7.93%~8.35%,K2O/Na2O=1.32~1.61)的特征,极度贫Mg(普遍MgO=0~0.07%),贫Ca(CaO=0.37%~0.69%),弱过铝质(A/CNK=1.04~1.11),富集Rb、Th、U等大离子亲石元素及Hf、Nb等高场强元素,强烈亏损Sr、Ba、Eu、P、Ti。稀土总量偏低(∑REE=41.18×10-6~85.06×10-6),强烈的Eu负异常(Eu/Eu*=0.05~0.11)。104×Ga/Al比值变化于2.75~4.04,平均值为3.19。这些特征均不同于典型的A型和S型花岗岩。岩石学和地球化学特征指示该岩体可能是一个高分异的I型花岗岩。该花岗岩中锆石εHf(t)值偏高,主要集中在-0.6~-4.5,显示在成岩过程中有地幔组分的参与,属壳幔混源花岗岩,推测该岩体的形成可能与燕山晚期华南岩石圈伸展拉张环境有关。  相似文献   

新疆东昆仑木孜塔格地区碎石沟花岗岩锆石 U-Pb年龄、岩石地球化学特征及地质意义     

鲁浩  刘欢  万鹏  薄军委  李金涛  孙景耀 《地质论评》2021,67(3):67040027-67040027

碎石沟花岗岩体位于东昆仑造山带西段木孜塔格地区,是该地区几个主要花岗岩体之一。为了查明该岩体的成因类型、物质来源及形成时代,并在此基础上进一步探讨木孜塔格地区的区域构造演化过程及东昆仑造山带地球动力学背景,对该岩体进行了详细的岩石学、地球化学及锆石U- Pb年代学研究。岩石学特征表明,碎石沟花岗岩主要由灰白色中细粒二长花岗岩组成,在岩体边部可见少量灰白色花岗闪长岩。岩石地球化学研究表明,该岩体具有高硅（SiO2=67.54 %~71.56 %）、高碱（Na2O=3.08%~4.50%、K2O=3.05%~4.20%）、富铝的特点（Al2O3=14.26%~16.58%）,属于准铝质—弱过铝质高钾钙碱性系列;稀土元素含量较高（126.31×10-6~160.13×10-6）,总体表现出轻稀土富集,重稀土亏损的右倾式配分模式,具有Eu的弱负异常（δEu=0.68~0.85）;微量元素相对富集Rb、Th、K等大离子亲石元素,亏损Nb、Ta、Hf、Sr等高场强元素,显示出 I 型花岗岩的特征。本次研究获得碎石沟岩体二长花岗岩的锆石U- Pb年龄为208.0±1.1 Ma（MSWD=1.0）,属于晚三叠世岩浆活动产物。结合区域构造演化特征,碎石沟花岗岩来源于下地壳物质部分熔融,并且在形成过程中存在幔源岩浆底侵及壳幔岩浆混合作用,其构造背景为后碰撞环境。  相似文献   

延边和龙地区早侏罗世花岗岩LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb年龄、地球化学特征及成因意义     

李研  聂逢君  孙德有  苟军 《地质论评》2019,65(4):1007-1020

吉林省延边朝鲜族自治州和龙地区早侏罗世花岗岩广泛出露,LA- ICP- MS锆石U- Pb定年结果显示其形成于195. 2±1. 3 Ma。地球化学特征表明花岗岩具有高硅（SiO2=73. 83%~75. 55%）、富碱（Na2O+K2O=7. 63%~8. 37%）、富铝（Al2O3=13. 15%~14. 25%）、贫镁、贫钙（MgO=0. 22%~0. 43%,CaO=0. 87%~1. 41%）的特征,属于高钾钙碱性系列,岩石稀土总量不高(ΣREE=106. 60×10-6~127. 8×10-6),轻稀土分馏系数(La/Sm)N=5. 71~11. 25,重稀土分馏系数(Gd/Yb)N=1. 48~2. 37,Eu为中等负异常（δEu=0. 42~0. 76）,微量元素以富集LREE、Rb、Th、U、K,强烈亏损Sr、P、Ti为特征,指示为壳源岩浆,在构造图解几乎全部落入火山弧花岗岩区,显示可能形成于活动大陆边缘环境。结合延边太平岭地区出现的早侏罗世花岗岩组合到小兴安岭—张广才岭所报道早侏罗世花岗岩及双峰式火山岩组合,共同构成了平行洋壳的俯冲方向的成分极性,表明了俯冲方向,反映了在早侏罗世期间古太平洋板块对我国东北地区北北西方向俯冲的渐进过程。  相似文献   

湖北罗田县片麻岩地球化学和锆石U-Pb年龄     

袁亚娟  夏斌  张玉泉  夏连泽  李贺 《地质学报》2015,89(1):49-57

通过野外和室内研究结果表明,罗田县片麻岩是由沉积岩变质而成。岩石化学成分变化范围:SiO2=61.25%~71.02%,Al2O3=14.35%~15.48%、Na2O+K2O=4.49%~6.09%和CaO=3.16%~4.80%等,表现为低铝、富碱、贫钙;富集Rb、Ba、Th、K等大离子亲石元素,P、Ti相对亏损;富集轻稀土(LREE/HREE=3.24~10.51)、略具Eu负异常(δEu=0.88~0.99)。稀土曲线呈轻稀土富集、重稀土亏损的向右倾式。在"CL"图像显示的锆石成因类型多为具有老核(继承锆石)新壳的变质复合锆石。老核继承锆石年龄从元古代—古生代,显示异地多时代的特点,表明其寄主岩的原岩沉积岩,时代不会早于古生代。  相似文献   

新疆东昆仑木孜塔格地区碎石沟花岗岩锆石U-Pb年代学、岩石地球化学特征及地质意义     

鲁浩  刘欢  万鹏  薄军委  李金涛  孙景耀 《地质论评》2021,67(6):1679-1696

碎石沟花岗岩体位于东昆仑造山带西段木孜塔格地区,是该地区几个主要花岗岩体之一。为了查明该岩体的成因类型、物质来源及形成时代,并在此基础上进一步探讨木孜塔格地区的区域构造演化过程及东昆仑造山带地球动力学背景,对该岩体进行了详细的岩石学、地球化学及锆石U-Pb年代学研究。岩石学特征表明,碎石沟花岗岩主要由灰白色中细粒二长花岗岩组成,在岩体边部可见少量灰白色花岗闪长岩。岩石地球化学研究表明,该岩体具有高硅（SiO2=67.54 %~71.56 %）、高碱（Na2O=3.08%~4.50%、K2O=3.05%~4.20%）、富铝的特点（Al2O3=14.26%~16.58%）,属于准铝质—弱过铝质高钾钙碱性系列;稀土元素含量较高（126.31×10-6~160.13×10-6）,总体表现出轻稀土富集,重稀土亏损的右倾式配分模式,具有Eu的弱负异常（δEu=0.68~0.85）;微量元素相对富集Rb、Th、K等大离子亲石元素,亏损Nb、Ta、Hf、Sr等高场强元素,显示出 I 型花岗岩的特征。本次研究获得碎石沟岩体二长花岗岩的锆石U- Pb年龄为208.0±1.1 Ma（MSWD=1.0）,属于晚三叠世岩浆活动产物。结合区域构造演化特征,碎石沟花岗岩来源于下地壳物质部分熔融,并且在形成过程中存在幔源岩浆底侵及壳幔岩浆混合作用,其构造背景为后碰撞环境。  相似文献   

Wavelength-dispersive X-ray fluorescence spectrometric determination of Sc, V, Cr, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, Rb, Sr, Y, Zr, Nb, Ba, Pb, and Th in komatiites     

S. Viswanathan  K. Surya Prakash Rao  B. Mahabaleswar 《Journal of the Geological Society of India》2013,82(6):621-627

Komatiites are mantle-derived ultramafic volcanic rocks. Komatiites have been discovered in several States of India, notably in Karnataka. Studies on the distribution of trace-elements in the komatiites of India are very few. This paper proposes a simple, accurate, precise, rapid, and non-destructive wavelength-dispersive x-ray fluorescence (WDXRF) spectrometric technique for determining Sc, V, Cr, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, Rb, Sr, Y, Zr, Nb, Ba, Pb, and Th in komatiites, and discusses the accuracy, precision, limits of detection, x-ray spectral-line interferences, inter-element effects, speed, advantages, and limitations of the technique. The accuracy of the technique is excellent (within 3%) for Sc, V, Cr, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, Rb, Sr, Zr, Nb, Ba, Pb, and Th and very good (within 4%) for Y. The precision is also excellent (within 3%) for Sc, V, Cr, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, Rb, Sr, Y, Zr, Nb, Ba, Pb, and Th. The limits of detection are: 1 ppm for Sc and V; 2 ppm for Cr, Co, and Ni; 3 ppm for Cu, Zn, Rb, and Sr; 4 ppm for Y and Zr; 6 ppm for Nb; 10 ppm for Ba; 13 ppm for Pb; and 14 ppm for Th. The time taken for determining Sc, V, Cr, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, Rb, Sr, Y, Zr, Nb, Ba, Pb, and Th in a batch of 24 samples of komatiites, for a replication of four analyses per sample, by one operator, using a manual WDXRF spectrometer, is only 60 hours.  相似文献   

Isotopic systematics of He,Ar, S,Cu, Ni,Re, Os,Pb, U,Sm, Nd,Rb, Sr,Lu, and Hf in the rocks and ores of the Norilsk deposits     

E. M. Prasolov  S. A. Sergeev  B. V. Belyatsky  E. S. Bogomolov  K. A. Gruzdov  I. N. Kapitonov  R. Sh. Krymsky  V. O. Khalenev 《Geochemistry International》2018,56(1):46-64

This paper reports the first results of a study of 11 isotope systems (³He/⁴He, ⁴⁰Ar/³⁶Ar, ³⁴S/³²S, ⁶⁵Cu/⁶³Cu, ⁶²Ni/⁶⁰Ni, ⁸⁷Sr/⁸⁶Sr, ¹⁴³Nd/¹⁴⁴Nd, ^206–208Pb/²⁰⁴Pb, Hf–Nd, U–Pb, and Re–Os) in the rocks and ores of the Cu–Ni–PGE deposits of the Norilsk ore district. Almost all the results were obtained at the Center of Isotopic Research of the Karpinskii All-Russia Research Institute of Geology. The use of a number of independent genetic isotopic signatures and comprehensive isotopic knowledge provided a methodic basis for the interpretation of approximately 5000 isotopic analyses of various elements. The presence of materials from two sources, crust and mantle, was detected in the composition of the rocks and ores. The contribution of the crustal source is especially significant in the paleofluids (gas–liquid microinclusions) of the ore-forming medium. Crustal solutions were probably a transport medium during ore formation. Air argon is dominant in the ores, which indicates a connection between the paleofluids and the atmosphere. This suggests intense groundwater circulation during the crystallization of ore minerals. The age of the rocks and ores of the Norilsk deposits was determined. The stage of orebody formation is restricted to a narrow age interval of 250 ± 10 Ma. An isotopic criterion was proposed for the ore-bearing potential of mafic intrusions in the Norilsk–Taimyr region. It includes several interrelated isotopic ratios of various elements: He, Ar, S, and others.  相似文献   

硅酸盐类样品中硅、铁、铝、钛、锰、钙、镁、钾、钠和磷的x射线荧光光谱测定     

肖德明  甘璇玑  卜正才 《铀矿地质》1986,(4)

本文拟定了一种以熔融法制备样片,用X射线荧光光谱测定硅酸盐类样品中Si、Fe、Al、Tj、Mn、Ca、Mg、K、Na、P等元素的分析方法。在对不同靶材X光管和分光晶体实验对比的基础上,选择了最佳的测量条件。该法具有快速、准确,测量范围广,检测限低,价格便宜等优点。经过近百个各种类型标样或管理样品的分析对比表明,本法不仅适用于硅酸盐类岩石样品的分析,还适用于铁矿、铝土矿、碳酸盐类岩矿样品以及水泥、耐火材料等样品的分析。  相似文献   

高压微波消解法测定醋酸纤维过滤器采集的微尘粒子中的砷镉钴铬铜铁锰镍铅钒锌     

奥地利安东帕有限公司 《岩矿测试》2009,28(3):306-306

最新的流行病学研究表明,空气中较高浓度的悬浮细颗粒可能对人类的健康有不利的影响。根据该项研究显示,由于心脏病、慢性呼吸问题和肺功能指标恶化而导致死亡率的升高与细尘粒子有关。这些研究结果已经促使欧盟于1999年4月出台了限制空气中二氧化硫、二氧化氮、氧化氮、铅和颗粒物含量的法案(1999/30/EC),对各项指标包括对可吸入PM10颗粒的浓度提出了新的限制性指标。PM10颗粒是指可以通过预分级器分离采集的气体动力学直径小于10μm的细颗粒。目前研究的兴趣重点逐步偏向PM2.5这些更细微颗粒物,PM2.5这种颗粒物对健康有明显的不利影响。在欧盟指令2008/50/EC中,对PM10和PM2.5都提  相似文献   

硅酸盐中铁、锰、钛、钙、钾、磷、硅、铝、镁、钠、锶、铷、钡的X-射线荧光光谱定量测定   总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5  

李国会  刘德慧  苏幼銮 《物探与化探》1986,10(1):60-65

本文介绍样品经四硼酸锂熔融制成玻璃小饼。采用Lachance模式和理论a系数来校正元素间的效应,由3080E型X-射线荧光谱仪和DF-350B数据处理系统完成硅酸盐中十三个项目的测定。  相似文献   

Viscous, cohesive, non-Newtonian, depositing, radial slurry flow     

Habib Alehossein   《International Journal of Mineral Processing》2009,93(1):11-19

Mining induced subsidence can significantly affect mining costs where major surface facilities and natural environment need to be protected. Overburden grout injection is a technology used to control coal mine subsidence by injecting the mine waste material extracted from the coal back into the inter-burden rock during longwall mining. The flowing slurry is here categorised as a nonlinear viscous cohesive (Bingham plastic) fluid. During longwall mining the grout slurry is pumped into the separated beds of the rock mass through a central vertical borehole, which is drilled deep into the inter-burden rock strata above the coal seam. However, a blockage can occur in the injection system when the slurry velocity falls below a certain critical threshold velocity, indicating a material phase change from cohesive-viscous to cohesive-frictional. In situ field injection tests through boreholes have been simulated at a smaller scale at the CSIRO laboratory in Brisbane by pumping the slurry through a radial disk (gap = 4 mm) from its centre. Laboratory experiments indicate a general, nonlinear, cohesive, viscous, frictional model for shear behaviour of the slurry, in which the material shear parameters are functions of the disk radial distance. Complete dimensional and dimensionless analytical solutions have been developed based on an approach related to Bingham–Herschel–Bulkley fluid mechanics. The derived formulae include relations for minimum pump pressure, local pressure and pressure gradient, wall shear stress, volume rate, velocity and velocity gradient. The theoretical results match the experimental measurements. The experiments covered slurries with maximum particle sizes of 0.5 to 2 mm with about 50% being larger than 100 µm. The viscosities at the various solids concentrations were measured with a standard torsion viscometer. This study differs from the previous research in several distinct aspects, namely, consideration of the variable shear parameters rather than fixed values, inclusion of total nonlinear behaviour, and implementation of a friction function to mimic behaviour of the deposited and consolidating stiff slurry, which can cause a significant pressure rise as a result of the increased shear resistance.  相似文献   

Bellechester,Minnesota, USA,lagoon collapses     

Alexander  E. C.  Broberg  J. S.  Kehren  A. R.  Graziani  M. M.  Turri  W. L. 《Environmental Geology》1993,22(4):353-361

Bellechester, Minnesota, is a small community of approximately 155 residents located on the county line between Goodhue and Wabasha counties in southeast Minnesota's karst region. Bellechester is served by a 21-year-old wastewater treatment facility (WWTF) consisting of three waste-stabilization ponds. On 28 April 1992 six sinkholes were discovered to have drained cell 2 of the WWTF resulting in the loss of approximately 8.7×10⁶ 1 of partially treated effluent and about 600 m³ of soil into previously undetected subsurface voids of unknown dimensions. In the week following the collapse, approximately 200 water wells located within a 5-km radius of the WWTF were sampled in an after-the-fact, emergency sampling program. Twelve samples with elevated fecal coliform levels, 18 samples with nitrate-nitrogen greater than the 10 mg/1 standard, and no samples with elevated chlorides were found. However, the elevated levels could not be unambiguously attributed to the WWTF collapse. This is the third WWTF to fail by sinkhole collapse in southeast Minnesota since 1974. All three collapsed lagoons have been located in similar geomorphic and stratigraphic settings. However, at least two lagoons have collapsed in the adjacent area in northeast Iowa, and these lagoons are located at different stratigraphic positions. Twenty-two WWTFs constructed in southeast Minnesota's karst region in the last 25 years have been identified as subject to potential sinkhole collapse. An unknown but significant number of manure storage lagoons, flood control structures, etc., have also been constructed in the karst region and are at risk. Public agencies are beginning to develop plans to deal with the risk associated with existing and future waste lagoons in this environment. The critical hydrogeologic parameters that can be used to prioritize the risk of collapse at existing facilities include: (1) the lithology of the first bedrock beneath each lagoon, (2) the thickness of surficial materials between the lagoon and the bedrock surface, (3) the presence and construction of liners (seepage rate), and (4) the proximity to existing sinkholes.  相似文献   

岩石密度和超高压岩石折返速率   总被引：1，自引：3，他引：1  

杨建平金振民  欧新功徐海军 《岩石学报》2005,21(2):427-437

在常温常压条件下对中国大陆科学钻CCSD主孔100-3000米岩心样品进行了密度测量,建立了密度连续剖面,并界定了不同超高压岩石的密度值。通过对比高温高压物性实验资料,岩石密度随着退变程度增强而降低,榴辉岩密度变化序列为3.52g/cm3→3.49g/cm3→3.07g/cm3→2.93g/cm3。超高压长英质岩石密度变化序列为3.00g/cm→2.80g/cm3→2.65g/cm3。上述实验资料是讨论不同折返阶段岩石所受浮力的基础,为研究折返速率大小提供了基本参数。本文通过折返板块运动平衡时,上浮力与粘滞力平衡这一关系式,定量研究了大陆俯冲板块的折返速率,认为密度差产生上浮力从而引起折返,温度对板块折返速率的影响最为显著;密度差大小、折返角度、折返板块大小对折返速率也有直接的影响。定量模拟分析表明,在温度高于850℃时,板块的折返速率可以超过100mm/a;当温度降至700℃时,折返速率则低于1.5mm/a。作者认为在折返早期,温度较高,板块快速折返至60-70km榴辉岩相深度;随着传导散热,温度降低,板块以较慢的速率折返至中下地壳。折返速率的估算表明,浮力是板块折返第一阶段(从>100km深部折返至<40km的中下地壳)的主要驱动力。  相似文献   

Marine geotechnics,H. G. Poulos,Unwin Hyman,London, Boston,Sydney, Wellington     

M. Budhu 《国际地质力学数值与分析法杂志》1989,13(6):675-675

  相似文献   

Mercury,arsenic, antimony,and selenium contents of sediment from the Kuskokwim River,Bethel, Alaska,USA   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Harvey E. Belkin  Harold M. Sparck 《Environmental Geology》1993,22(2):106-110

The Kuskokwim River at Bethel, Alaska, drains a major mercury-antimony metallogenic province in its upper reaches and tributaries. Bethel (population 4000) is situated on the Kuskokwim floodplain and also draws its water supply from wells located in river-deposited sediment. A boring through overbank and floodplain sediment has provided material to establish a baseline datum for sediment-hosted heavy metals. Mercury (total), arsenic, antimony, and selenium contents were determined; aluminum was also determined and used as normalizing factor. The contents of the heavy metals were relatively constant with depth and do not reflect any potential enrichment from upstream contaminant sources.  相似文献