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1.
《地质通报》2020,(9)
对内蒙古白山岩浆弧内百合山石英闪长岩进行了LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb测年、Hf同位素及岩石地球化学分析。结果显示,该岩体的形成年龄为350.8±1.5 Ma,岩浆锆石的ε_(Hf)(t)值在5.28～9.88之间,模式年龄为724～1018 Ma。地球化学数据显示,百合山石英闪长岩为一套I型钙碱性系列岩石,富碱(Na_2O+K_2O=6.03%～6.96%),富钠(Na_2O/K_2O2),较低的Mg~#(35.48～39.78)、Ni(2.06×10~(-6)～5.54×10~(-6))和Cr(2.11×10~(-6)～7.93×10~(-6))含量。相对富集轻稀土元素,重稀土分馏不明显,较低的(La/Yb)_N值(4.28～5.60),无明显Eu异常,相对富集Rb、K、U等大离子亲石元素,亏损Nb、Ta、P、Ti等高场强元素等,地球化学成分表明,石英闪长岩具有俯冲带成因的特征。石英闪长岩的锆石U-Pb年龄和岩石成因证明了350 Ma石英闪长岩是晚古生代白山岩浆弧内首次发现的可以明确与红石山-百合山洋俯冲消减作用有关的最早的弧岩浆记录。表明红石山-百合山洋于约350 Ma之前就已经开始发生俯冲消减,比前人一般认为的俯冲开始的时间提前了22 Ma。 相似文献
2.
西藏安多早侏罗世火山岩岩石成因及对班公湖-怒江特提斯洋俯冲消减的制约 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
拉萨地块广泛分布着中生代的岩浆活动,研究它们对于认识特提斯洋的演化过程有着重要的启示。本文报道安多地区新识别出的早侏罗世岛弧型火山岩LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb年龄、锆石原位Hf同位素、全岩主微量元素分析和Sr-Nd同位素结果。英安岩206Pb/238U年龄为180.7±4.7Ma(MSWD=0.22,n=10),指示其形成时代为早侏罗世。这些火山岩的SiO_2含量为62.50%~76.15%,MgO含量为0.33%~3.05%,Fe_2O_3T含量为2.35%~6.69%;所有样品都显示轻稀土元素相对富集,具有铕的弱负异常,具有富集大离子亲石元素、亏损高场强元素的地球化学特征;同时这些火山岩锆石原位εHf(t)值均为正值(+15.1~+17.1);全岩Sr-Nd同位素εNd(t)值也均为正值(+7.1~+13.2),指示这些火山岩很可能是特提斯洋俯冲消减过程中新生下地壳部分熔融的产物。结合区域地质资料,认为安多火山岩不可能是龙木错-双湖古特提斯洋或雅鲁藏布江新特提斯洋俯冲消减的产物,而是班公湖-怒江特提斯洋俯冲消减的产物,区域上很可能与改则北、日土地区的侏罗纪侵入岩一起构成了班公湖-怒江特提斯洋北侧的岩浆弧带。由此本文认为安多早侏罗世岛弧型火山岩是班公湖-怒江特提斯洋北向俯冲消减的产物,从而为班公湖-怒江特提斯洋的俯冲消减过程提供了直接的火山岩证据。 相似文献
3.
前人对"三江"地区临沧花岗岩基早古生代的岩浆事件研究极少.在双江地区临沧花岗岩基中首次识别出早古生代花岗质片麻岩.采用LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb定年、微区原位Hf同位素分析,结合全岩地球化学特征,对2件花岗质片麻岩样品进行了系统的研究.获得锆石U-Pb年龄分别为476.9±1.9 Ma、465.7±1.9 Ma,表明这些花岗质片麻岩形成于早-中奥陶世.花岗质片麻岩SiO2含量为70.67%~74.03%,K2O/Na2O值皆大于1,为1.04~1.55,属过铝质S型花岗岩.岩石微量元素特征显示其富集大离子亲石元素Rb、Th、U,亏损高场强元素Nb、Ta、Ti和Zr等,轻重稀土分异明显,轻稀土相对富集、重稀土亏损,具有明显的负Eu异常.2件样品锆石εHf（t）均为负值（-7.2~-0.7,均值-3.0）,Hf同位素地壳模式年龄（tDMC）均值基本一致（1 639 Ma、1 630 Ma）,说明花岗质片麻岩可能来源于古老地壳物质的部分熔融.综合分析表明,花岗质片麻岩是由原特提斯洋向东俯冲消减而引起的古老地壳物质部分熔融形成,是原特提斯俯冲消减的岩浆事件响应;说明在早奥陶世昌宁-孟连洋就存在俯冲消减,昌宁-孟连特提斯演化历史最早可以追溯到早奥陶世. 相似文献
4.
昌宁-孟连缝合带是中国西南三江特提斯重要的古特提斯洋残余,但其消减过程仍然存在争议。南澜沧江构造带曼兵岛弧花岗岩体为探究古特提斯洋俯冲过程提供了新的线索。本文对曼兵花岗岩体内的片麻状黑云花岗闪长岩和斜长角闪岩进行了锆石U-Pb年代学、Hf同位素和全岩元素地球化学研究。二者的LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb年龄分别为251. 5±2. 7Ma、253. 8±1. 1Ma和241. 8±0. 8Ma、259. 5±1. 9Ma,指示其为晚二叠世-早三叠世的岩浆活动产物。曼兵花岗闪长岩属于钙碱性到高钾钙碱性系列I型花岗岩,富集轻稀土元素和大离子亲石元素,亏损Nb、Ta、Ba、Sr和高场强元素,具有Eu的负异常(δEu=0. 45～0. 69)。花岗闪长岩和斜长角闪岩~(176)Hf/~(177)Hf平均值分别为0. 2829035和0. 2829762,锆石εHf(t)平均值为11. 0和12. 5;地壳模式年龄tDM C加权平均值分别为578. 4Ma和469. 3Ma,类似俯冲相关的新生下地壳演化的岛弧花岗岩。曼兵花岗岩具有低的Ce/Pb(3. 89～6. 57)、Th/La(0. 32～0. 58)和Sm/La(0. 11～0. 15)指示了新生下地壳被上部围岩的混染。综合区域古特提斯洋演化历史,认为曼兵岛弧花岗岩体形成于洋陆俯冲向地块增生转换的构造环境,提出三江地区古特提斯主洋盆的闭合延续至早三叠世才完成。 相似文献
5.
本文对西乌珠穆沁旗迪彦庙-达青俯冲增生杂岩带内的斜长花岗岩开展了岩石地球化学、锆石U-Pb年代学和锆石Hf同位素研究。该区斜长花岗岩主要由斜长石、石英和少量黑云母组成,具有较高的SiO_2(68. 24%～79. 34%)、低Al(Al_2O_3为11. 33%～15. 23%)、低Ti(TiO_2为0. 270%～0. 773%)、低MgO(Mg#值为11～47)和富Na贫K(Na_2O/K_2O为4. 90～24. 25)的特征。稀土元素总量为14. 15×10~(-6)～189. 04×10~(-6),稀土元素球粒陨石标准化配分曲线为轻稀土弱富集、重稀土平坦的配分模式。微量元素原始地幔标准化蛛网图中,Nb、Ta和Ti为负异常。LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb测年结果显示:样品DYM17-006的锆石U-Pb谐和年龄为330. 1±3. 2 Ma,样品DQ17-007的锆石U-Pb谐和年龄为316. 5±2. 4 Ma,分别代表了迪彦庙和达青地区斜长花岗岩的形成年龄。锆石Hf同位素组成显示具有高的(~(176)Hf/~(177)Hf)_t比值以及正的ε_(Hf)(t)值(9. 387～16. 251),反映其岩浆源自于亏损地幔。综合分析认为,迪彦庙-达青俯冲增生杂岩带内斜长花岗岩应属于结晶分异型花岗岩,由起源于亏损地幔源区的洋脊玄武质岩浆结晶分异形成。迪彦庙-达青一带存在一个长期演化的大洋,在石炭纪处于洋盆扩张阶段,伴随着古亚洲洋的俯冲消减及洋陆转换,最终构成了中亚造山带的一部分。 相似文献
6.
西藏拉萨地块阿翁错—盐湖岩浆弧的成因是解决班公湖—怒江特提斯洋俯冲极性和时限的关键。本文选取阿翁错北岩体中的二长花岗岩进行岩相学、锆石U-Pb年代学、岩石地球化学与Hf同位素研究。结果表明：阿翁错北二长花岗岩的锆石206Pb/238U加权平均年龄为(107.0±0.5) Ma,MSWD＝2.6,属早白垩世晚期。样品表现为高硅、富钾的高钾钙碱性岩石系列,A/CNK值介于1.006～1.019之间,属弱过铝质;微量元素富集大离子亲石元素Rb、K、U、Th及轻稀土元素（LREE）,亏损Nb、Ta、P、Ti等高场强元素,具中等至弱的负Eu异常（δEu=0.55~0.78）,属弱过铝质未分异的I型花岗岩。二长花岗岩样品锆石初始Hf同位素εHf(t)值除1颗锆石达11.1外,其他17颗锆石介于3.7~6.3之间,平均值5.0,Hf同位素二阶段模式年龄变化于928~765 Ma之间。基于同位素以及岩石地球化学数据,阿翁错北岩体很可能是新生地壳熔融产生的长英质岩浆与镁铁质岩浆发生不均一混合作用形成,并有少量幔源物质的参与。结合拉萨地块中北部岩浆岩Hf同位素研究分析,阿翁错—盐湖岩浆弧形成于班公湖—怒江特提斯洋后退式俯冲的构造体制下,阿翁错北岩体的形成时代（107~104 Ma）代表了由断离板片俯冲末期向碰撞环境转化的时限。 相似文献
7.
藏北羌塘果干加年山花岗闪长岩的锆石U-Pb定年和Hf同位素特征 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
报道了藏北羌塘中部果干加年山地区花岗闪长岩的锆石U-Pb定年结果和Hf同位素成分。花岗闪长岩的锆石U-Pb定年结果为(225.1±2.4)Ma,与该地区的高压变质带的形成时代一致。样品中锆石的εHf(t)值为-9.8~-17.6,地壳Hf模式年龄为1 874~2 372Ma,表明花岗闪长岩为古元古代地壳物质部分熔融的产物。结合区域地质资料,该花岗岩体可能形成于板块消减的火山弧构造环境,与羌塘地区古特提斯洋的晚三叠世俯冲消减有关。 相似文献
8.
冈底斯带南部桑日高分异I型花岗岩的岩石成因及其动力学意义 总被引：4，自引：2，他引：2
冈底斯岩浆岩带位于西藏南部的拉萨地体南缘,它形成于特提斯洋和印度-亚洲大陆长期俯冲碰撞过程中,是青藏高原花岗岩最发育的地区。前人对冈底斯岩浆带中各类型花岗岩的成因、源区、时空分布以及其地球动力学意义进行了详细大量的研究,但是对高分异花岗岩的具体成因、演化过程以及在70~65Ma拉萨地块的地球动力学演化过程研究较少。本文选择冈底斯南缘白垩纪末桑日花岗岩进行研究,揭示了桑日花岗岩的岩石学特征、锆石U-Pb年龄、锆石Hf同位素特征和地球化学特征。本文样品LA-ICP-MS测得的锆石U-Pb年龄为67~66Ma。桑日花岗岩属于高钾钙碱性系列,具有高Si O2(74.26%~76.93%)、高K2O+Na2O(7.87%~8.56%),低P2O5(0.02%~0.04%)和Ca O(0.28%~1.00%),以及富集K、Rb、Th,亏损Nb、P、Ti的高分异I型花岗岩的特征。在锆石Hf同位素上,桑日花岗岩εHf(t)0(+4.6~+10.9),且具有Hf不均一的特征。结合前人研究,本文认为桑日花岗岩是高分异I型花岗岩,在特提斯洋板块北向俯冲过程中,板片回转,俯冲洋壳脱水产生的流体进入地幔楔,引发地幔楔发生部分熔融产生镁铁质幔源物质并底侵上涌,导致浅部地壳发生部分熔融,并与幔源岩浆混合,从而在浅部形成混源岩浆房,最终在侵位与成岩后期经历高程度的分异演化形成的。 相似文献
9.
东海晚中生代岩浆弧与陆缘汇聚作用：碎屑锆石U- Pb年代约束 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
晚中生代是古太平洋板块俯冲东亚大陆的重要时期,也是华南大陆构造-岩浆活动的重要时期。本文通过东海陆架盆地紧邻海礁隆起ECSs611钻井的渐新统花港组(1626～1638m)砂岩和白垩系(1638～1689m)砂岩碎屑锆石U-Pb同位素和微量元素等研究,获得了～163Ma和～120Ma两期岩浆-变质事件的锆石U-Pb年龄记录。两期岩浆锆石均具有结晶温度低(556～732℃)、流体活动元素U富集(含量82×10~(-6)～3412×10~(-6))及高场强元素Nb亏损(含量0.6×10~(-6)～13.8×10~(-6))等特点,它们形成于岩浆弧构造环境。与洋壳锆石相比,两期岩浆锆石元素Y含量(371×10~(-6)～2700×10~(-6))和U/Yb比值(0.2～6.7)偏低,指示其属于大陆锆石类型。其它碎屑锆石年龄(如2.5～2.4Ga,1.7～1.6Ga,320 Ma和256～207 Ma)与华南大陆主要构造事件一致,初步认为东海海礁隆起应属于华南大陆(华夏地块)东延的部分。如果将海礁-虎皮礁隆起作为晚侏罗世至早白垩世岩浆弧一部分,与东海福州凹陷弧前盆地和西南日本至台湾俯冲增生杂岩等单元联结起来,区域上可构成受古太平洋板块俯冲控制的晚中生代东亚大陆边缘构造轮廓,即岩浆弧→弧前盆地→俯冲增生杂岩。 相似文献
10.
冈底斯中段早侏罗世辉长岩-花岗岩杂岩体成因及其对新特提斯构造演化的启示:以日喀则东嘎岩体为例 总被引：12，自引：8，他引：4
以冈底斯中段日喀则东嘎出露的早侏罗世辉长岩-花岗岩杂岩体为对象,进行了锆石U-Pb年龄和Hf同位素,以及全岩元素地球化学组成的系统测定,据此探讨了岩石的成因及其对新特提斯构造演化的启示。该杂岩体中辉长岩主要由角闪石和钙质斜长石组成,缺乏辉石;花岗岩主要为英云闪长岩、花岗闪长岩等构成的TTG岩石组合;花岗岩中普遍发育呈塑变形态的镁铁质包体。锆石LA-ICP-MS U-Pb定年结果显示,英云闪长岩和镁铁质包体的成岩年龄十分接近,且与辉长岩的年龄基本一致,均为177~180Ma。化学组成上,辉长岩低硅、富铝、贫碱,富轻稀土和大离子亲石元素,贫高场强元素,相似于高铝玄武岩。英云闪长岩贫碱、准铝、富钠,属钙碱性I型花岗岩。镁铁质包体具有与寄主岩相似的矿物组成和微量元素分布模式,二者均具有显著亏损的锆石Hf同位素组成,εHf(t)值分别为+11.4~+15.0和+14.4~+18.6。综合分析表明,早侏罗世冈底斯南缘应处于新特提斯洋板片俯冲的构造背景,其中辉长质侵入体为遭受俯冲板片析出流体交代作用的亏损地幔部分熔融的产物,花岗质岩石起源于初生地壳的部分熔融,镁铁质包体为辉长质岩浆与花岗质岩浆二者经混合作用的产物。结合对区内其它辉长质侵入体及相关镁铁质包体资料的全面分析,表明在新特提斯洋板片的整个俯冲过程中(205~40Ma),冈底斯南缘应存在多次的基性岩浆底侵及其诱发的壳幔岩浆混合作用。 相似文献
11.
东濮凹陷北部沙三中亚段广泛发育盐岩和烃源岩,这两个看似不能共存的物质却在这里互层共生。该时期研究区沉积特征为多盐韵律与多层烃源岩互层共生、连续沉积,单个盐韵律厚度从几米到十几米,烃源岩有机质丰度高、类型好。平面上,两者在湖盆沉积沉降中心共生;垂向上,高有机质丰度、好干酪根类型与高盐度地层具有较好的对应关系。因而成为恢复古气候和古环境的重要研究对象。通过岩石学、古生物学以及Sr/Ba、B/Ga、(V+Ni+Mn)、Fe/Mn、Sr/Cu、Mg/Ca、V/(V+Ni)、稀土元素含量和氯同位素等方法对凹陷北部沙三中亚段的沉积环境进行研究。结果表明,凹陷北部沙三中亚段为深水沉积的还原环境,古盐度较高,达到半咸水-咸水沉积;微量元素和孢粉化石特征表明研究区沙三中亚段为温暖潮湿的环境。 相似文献
12.
The Importance of the Precipitation and the Susceptibility of the Slopes for the Triggering of Landslides Along the Roads 总被引：3，自引：1，他引：2
Clemente Irigaray Francisco Lamas Rachid El Hamdouni Tomás Fernández José Chacón 《Natural Hazards》2000,21(1):65-81
In order to characterise the influence of the heavyrains on the observed landslides during the 1996–1997hydrological cycle, rainfall records for the last 100years are analysed from 104 stations in easternAndalusia. Regarding the amounts of rain recordedbetween October 1996 and March 1997 in the 104stations studied, 31 presented new all-time records;15 presented values that were 80–100% of thepre-1995 record; 49 stations, 80–50%; and 9stations, < 50%. A map has been devised of thesusceptibility of the materials through which thesouth-eastern Andalusian road network crosses,together with an inventory of the damage caused byinstability phenomena on banks and cuttings of theroad network during the winter of 1996–1997. Therelationships between the rainfall during the studyperiod, the damage caused to the road network and thesusceptibility of the materials affected are analysed.The results indicate that there is a clearcorrespondence between the rainfall recorded and thesusceptibility of the materials with the inventorieddamage. It is concluded that the widespread seriousdamage caused in early 1997 to the roads andsurrounding areas in the Alpujarra region and thecoast of the Province of Granada was mainly caused bythe extraordinarily heavy rains. However, considerablyless damage was observed where the susceptibility ofthe terrain is low, thus highlighting the extremeusefulness of terrain-susceptibility maps for riskprevention and territorial planning. 相似文献
13.
郯庐断裂南段研究进展与断裂性质讨论 总被引：13，自引：3，他引：13
据1：5万区域地质调查和专题研究资料，就郯庐断裂带是否南延与消失的原因，其与大别—苏鲁造山带交截形成的假位错效应，以及与中新生代沉积盆地形成演化的关系等作了新的阐述。在此基础上，讨论了郯庐断裂带是否为巨大的左行平移断层或转换断层。认为郯庐断裂带可能是在“古郯庐带”的基础上于早侏罗世重新活动、白垩纪强烈活动的地堑型枢纽断裂带。 相似文献
14.
Guboglo M. N. 《GeoJournal》1980,4(1):53-58
International unity is becoming ever stronger in this country owing to an increasing similarity in the development of the cultural environment. This comprises the provision of all the country's republics with a sufficient number of schools, theatres, and other institutions and cultural information media in accordance with the needs of the population. An important part is played by the rise in ‘the general educational level, as well as the level of professional qualifications and skills. Among all the Soviet nations and nationalities, this rise being more rapid among formerly backward peoples. Prominent among the factors of internationalization is the progressive development of the nationalities’ cultural resources, while professional culture is being increasingly brought within the reach of the masses.The implementation of the nationalities policy promotes the all-round development of all Soviet nations and nationalities, their drawing together, the upsurge of the individual capabilities of every Soviet citizen. 相似文献
15.
16.
某高速公路下伏煤矿采空区稳定性分析 总被引：10，自引：0，他引：10
在论述某高速公路下伏砦脖煤矿采空区地质、采矿和工程地质特征的基础上, 进行了稳定性数值模拟分析, 定性与定量地分析与评价了该煤矿采空区的地表变形特征及稳定性。研究结果表明: 该煤矿采空区的变形尚未完成, 对拟建的高速公路将产生很大的危害, 必须采取相应的工程治理措施。 相似文献
17.
Jiayu Rong Michael Melchin S. Henry Williams Tatyana N. Koren Jacques Verniers 《《幕》》2008,31(3):315-318
The Global Stratotype Section and Point （GSSP） for the base of the Silurian System was defined in 1985. Since that time, a number of researchers have suggested that this section has serious deficiencies for use as a GSSP. As a result, in 2000, the Subcommission on Silurian Stratigraphy （SSS） proposed undertaking a formal restu@ of this GSSP, which was subsequently approved by the International Commission of Stratigraphy （ICS）. The result of this restudy was the formal proposal that the current GSSP, at 1.6 m above the base of the Birkhill Shale, at Dob＇s Linn, Scotland, should be maintained as the same locality and stratigraphic level, but the bios- tratigraphical definition of the boundary should be revised. The previously defined, basal Silurian grapto- lite zone, the Parakidograptus acuminatus Zone, should be subdivided into a lower Akidograptus ascensus Zone and a higher E acuminatus Zone. The base of the A. ascensus Zone, marked by the first appearance of A. ascensus, should be regarded as the biostratigraphic mark for the base of the Silurian. This proposal has now been formally approved by the SSS and ICS, and ratified by International Union of Geological Sciences. This is the first GSSP to undergo formal restudy and redefini- tion, and the proposal also included a recommended procedure for restudy of GSSPs. 相似文献
18.
Dean S. Oliver 《Mathematical Geology》1998,30(7):911-933
In reservoir characterization, the covariance is often used to describe the spatial correlation and variation in rock properties or the uncertainty in rock properties. The inverse of the covariance, on the other hand, is seldom discussed in geostatistics. In this paper, I show that the inverse is required for simulation and estimation of Gaussian random fields, and that it can be identified with the differential operator in regularized inverse theory. Unfortunately, because the covariance matrix for parameters in reservoir models can be extremely large, calculation of the inverse can be a problem. In this paper, I discuss four methods of calculating the inverse of the covariance, two of which are analytical, and two of which are purely numerical. By taking advantage of the assumed stationarity of the covariance, none of the methods require inversion of the full covariance matrix. 相似文献
19.
Deviation of the major axis of the inertia ellipsoid of the Moon from the direction toward the Earth
B. P. Kondratyev 《Astronomy Reports》2017,61(8):709-714
It is known from observations that the center of mass of the Moon does not coincide with the geometric center of its figure, and the line connecting these two centers is not aligned with the direction toward the center of the Earth, instead deviating toward the Southeast. This stationary deviation of the axis of the inertia ellipsoid of the Moon to the South of the direction toward the Earth is analyzed. A system of five linear differential equations describing the physical libration of the Moon in latitude is considered, and these equations are derived using a new vector method taking into account perturbations from the Earth and partly from the Sun. The characteristic equation of this system is obtained, and all five oscillation frequencies are found. Special attention is paid to the fifth (zero) frequency, for which the solution of the latitude libration equations are stationary and represents a previously unknown additional motion of the rotational axis of theMoon in a cone with a small opening angle. In contrast to the astronomical precession of the Earth, the rotation of the angular-velocity vector is in the positive direction (counter-clockwise), with the period T 3 = 27.32 days. On this basis, this phenomenon has been named “quasi-precession.” This quasi-precession leads to a stationary inclination of the major axis of the inertia ellipsoid of theMoon to the South (for an observer on Earth), making it possible to explain one component of the observed deviation of the center of mass of the Moon from the direction toward the Earth. The opening angle of the quasiprecession cone is approximately 0.834″. 相似文献
20.
正Artemia cysts are an extremely important component of aquaculture diets.It is well established that the cultivation of fish and shellfish derive substantial health and growth advantages when Artemia are included in the diets of the 相似文献