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1.
内蒙古林西县水头大型萤石矿床位于索伦-林西缝合带北侧,产于二叠系火山沉积岩中,矿体主要受NNE向断裂破碎带控制。文中从流体包裹体和H O S同位素研究出发,讨论了该矿床成矿流体的特征、演化与成矿过程。萤石中主要发育液相H2O包裹体,包裹体均一温度集中在140~220 ℃,盐度变化于0.4%~2.8% NaCleqv,密度平均为0.87 g/cm3。包裹体成分以H2O为主,其次为CO2、H2,含有CH4、C2H6和C3H6等有机组分。成矿流体属中低温、低盐度、中低密度的NaCl H2O体系。成矿流体的δDH2O SMOW值为-140.1‰~-120.5‰,δ18OH2O SMOW值为-6.7‰~2.3‰,主体属大气降水热液;矿石中黄铁矿的δ34S值为1.2‰~3‰,指示硫的来源可能与岩浆活动有间接联系。综上推断,成矿热液主要来源于被加热的大气降水和地下水,水岩反应很可能是萤石沉淀的主要机制,矿床属断裂控矿、中低温热液裂隙充填型萤石矿床。 相似文献
2.
小庙山金矿床原生流体包裹体分为4种类型:富气相的两相水溶液包裹体、富液相的两相水溶液包裹体、含CO2三相水溶液包裹体和含子矿物的三相水溶液包裹体,均一温度变化于133～378℃之间,峰值区间分别为180～200℃和220～260℃;盐度介于0.2%～44.6%之间,峰值区间为3%～6%。激光拉曼分析显示,流体包裹体的气相成分主要为CO2、H2O及少量CH4;包裹体群分析显示,成矿流体气相成分主要为CO2、N2、H2O、CH4、C2H2和C2H6,液相成分主要为Na+、K+、Ca2+、F-、Cl-、NO3-和SO42-,其中K+/Na+为1.55～2.75,F-/Cl-为0.02～0.03。矿化石英脉中,流体的δ18OH2O值介于-2.39‰～2.14‰之间,δDH2O值介于-51.2‰～-45.9‰之间,表明成矿流体主要来自岩浆,后期混入大气降水。依据成矿地质背景和矿区内成矿流体的地球化学及同位素资料,认为近南北向断裂是成矿流体运移通道和金富集沉淀的场所。在断裂破碎带中,高温高盐度成矿流体与大气降水混合,引起成矿流体的温度和盐度降低,压力变小,使得流体中的金沉淀成矿。 相似文献
3.
新疆阿合奇县布隆金矿床成矿流体及成矿作用 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
新疆阿合奇县布隆石英重晶石脉型金矿床是一个少见的金矿新类型 ,其中流体包裹体类型主要有NaCl H2 O型、CO2 H2 O±CH4型和CO2 H2 O NaCl型。均一温度变化范围大 ,从 1 5 9～ 390℃ ,金主成矿阶段温度集中于 2 0 0～ 340℃ ,流体盐度为 2 .4 2 %～ 1 9.2 9%NaCleq ,但各阶段含石盐子晶多相包裹体的盐度高达 2 9.0 2 %～ 4 6 .2 %NaCleq。成矿流体密度为 0 .731～ 1 .1 32g/cm3 。成矿流体气相成分中以H2 O和CO2 为主 ,含少量N2 ,CH4,C2 H6,H2 S等 ;液相成分以Na+ 、Cl-为主 ,其次是Ca2 + ,K+ ,Mg2 + ,SO2 -4。布隆金矿床石英中流体包裹体的δ1 3 CPDB值为 - 4 .6‰～ - 1 .4‰ ,δ1 8OSMOW 为 1 7.2‰～2 1 .1‰ ,δ1 8O水 值为 6 .7‰～ 1 4 .7‰ ,δD变化于 - 70‰～ - 5 5‰ ,表明成矿流体主要来源于建造水 ,并混合少量岩浆水和大气降水 ,流体中的碳主要来源于海相碳酸盐岩。物理化学条件和流体组成的改变以及流体的不混溶作用在成矿过程中起了重要作用 相似文献
4.
胶东三甲金矿床流体包裹体特征 总被引：14，自引：6，他引：8
三甲金矿是胶东牟平-乳山金成矿带内重要的石英脉型金矿,金主要产于黄铁矿和多金属硫化物石英脉中。流体包裹体研究表明,三甲金矿蚀变岩石和各成矿阶段金矿石中的流体包裹体主要有三种类型：H2O-CO2包裹体、富CO2包裹体和H2O溶液包裹体。早期乳白色石英中主要赋存原生的H2O-CO2包裹体;成矿期黄铁矿石英脉和多金属硫化物石英脉中的富CO2包裹体主要为原生,随机分布,气液比变化较大,常与早期H2O溶液包裹体共生且均一温度接近,显示不混溶流体包裹体组合特征;在成矿晚期的石英和方解石中主要发育原生H2O溶液包裹体。显微测温结果显示,成矿前（第1阶段）H2O-CO2包裹体的完全均一温度（Tb．TOT,至液相）为280℃至416℃,成矿期（第Ⅱ和Ⅲ阶段）富CO2包裹体的完全均一温度为210—330℃,同期的H2O溶液包裹体均一温度为253～377℃,成矿后（第Ⅳ阶段）H2O溶液包裹体的均一温度为176—207℃。成矿流体为低盐度的CO2-H2O-NaCl型热液,成矿应力场转变导致的流体减压沸腾作用可能是三甲金矿金沉淀成矿的主要原因。 相似文献
5.
《矿物岩石地球化学通报》2016,(3)
为探讨丫他金矿床成矿流体的特征和矿床成因,对热液成矿阶段中石英中的流体包裹体进行了岩相学、显微测温、激光拉曼分析以及H、O同位素研究。结果表明,丫他金矿床中存在H_2O包裹体、CO_2-H_2O包裹体和CO_2包裹体三类流体包裹体;其中同一阶段同一视域中富H_2O相CO_2-H_2O包裹体在加热中完全均一到H_2O相,以及富CO_2相CO_2-H_2O包裹体完全均一到CO_2相,它们的均一温度和形成压力基本一致,说明同时捕获了富CO_2和富H_2O两种流体;流体包裹体的H、O同位素组成特征显示,成矿流体主要来源为大气降水或与大气降水有关的盆地流体;热液成矿阶段流体发生相分离,CO_2-H_2O不混溶作用导致热液中Au的溶解度迅速降低并沉淀形成矿床。 相似文献
6.
吉林六批叶沟金矿床流体包裹体研究 总被引：1，自引：2，他引：1
通过对金矿石石英内的原生、假次生包裹体的系统研究,查明流体包裹体主要是NaCl-H2O型,其次是CO2型.测温结果显示成矿流体温度为100℃～352℃;盐度(ω(NaCl))=0.88%～8.55%,密度为0.356～0.997g/cm3,估算成矿压力为48.83～71.29MPa,成矿深度为1.62～2.34km,属中深中温热液金矿床.成矿流体液相成分富含Na 、K 、Cl-、SO2-4及少量Mg2 和F-;气相成分以H2O为主,其次是CO2和少量的CH4、C2H6、N2及微量的H2S和Ar.依据成矿流体Na /K =1.32、Na /(Ca2 Mg2 )=100.61以及矿床与侵入体的关系进行判定,成矿流体主要来源于初始混合岩浆水,并有变质水及大气降水叠加. 相似文献
7.
西藏甲玛铜多金属矿床流体包裹体特征及地质意义 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
甲玛矿床是位于西藏冈底斯成矿带中段的超大型铜多金属矿床。成矿相关岩体和主矿体中的流体包裹体岩相学、显微测温、激光拉曼探针及扫描电镜/能谱分析结果表明:与成矿有关的流体包裹体主要有富液相、富气相和含子矿物三相包裹体;流体包裹体均一温度变化范围为225～500℃,流体盐度(w(NaCl))平均值为36.2%,成矿流体主要为一种中高温、高盐度的NaCl-H2O体系;气相成分除H2O外,富含CH4、H2S、CO2、N2等不混溶体系。CH4、C2H4、C3H6等有机质的出现,说明成矿物质形成于还原环境中。据成矿压力估算成矿深度为2.2～8.3km,流体密度平均为0.89～0.98g/cm3。结合包裹体中的氢氧同位素测试结果认为,成矿流体主要来源于岩浆水,后期有大气降水的参与。含子矿物多相包裹体与不同气相充填度的液相包裹体、气相包裹体共存,且均一温度相近,而盐度相差很大,表明成矿流体经历了沸腾作用。 相似文献
8.
荷花坪锡多金属矿床是湘南地区新发现的一大型矿床, 主要由印支期矽卡岩型矿石和燕山期蚀变碎裂岩型矿石所组成, 且以前者为主体。本文在详细的野外调查和岩相学观察基础上, 将区内印支期成矿分为三个成矿阶段(I-含锡矽卡岩阶段; II-硫化物阶段; III-石英-方解石阶段), 燕山期成矿分为两个阶段(I-锡石-硫化物阶段; II-方解石阶段)。对不同期石英、绿柱石、方解石等矿物中流体包裹体的研究表明, 荷花坪矿床包裹体类型主要为H2O-NaCl型、H2O-NaCl-CO2型和少量纯CO2型。显微实验结果显示, 印支期成矿流体主要为低盐度(ω(NaCleq)=3%~10%)的H2O-NaCl和H2O-NaCl-CO2以及少量富CO2流体。三个成矿阶段的完全均一温度分别为290~390℃、190~260℃和140~180℃。成矿早阶段流体中含较多CO2, 晚阶段CO2含量减少, 主要为H2O-NaCl, 且Ca2+、Mg2+含量增高。燕山期成矿流体亦为低盐度(ω(NaCleq)=2%~10%)H2O-NaCl和H2O-NaCl-CO2, 二个成矿阶段的完全均一温度分别为190~340℃和130~170℃, 成矿早阶段流体中含较多CO2, 晚阶段CO2含量减少, 主要为NaCl-H2O。两期成矿从早到晚都呈现出盐度降低、密度增大的变化趋势。区内成矿流体主要来自岩浆和地下水热液, 成矿早阶段以岩浆流体为主, 晚阶段以地下水为主。区内锡成矿主要与含CO2的流体以及流体的沸腾作用有关, 铅锌矿化主要与盐-H2O溶液流体作用关系密切。 相似文献
9.
10.
河南祁雨沟金矿床成矿流体演化特征 总被引：6，自引：0，他引：6
祁雨沟隐爆角砾岩金矿床产于太古宇太华群中,金矿化分为6个成矿阶段,其中第Ⅰ,Ⅲ,Ⅴ阶段石英39Ar 40Ar坪年龄分别为130 31±0 86,122 61±0 61和(109 20±0 70)Ma。对各成矿阶段石英、方解石中流体包裹体均一温度、盐度、化学成分、氢氧同位素组成分析结果表明,早阶段流体为岩浆水,其后逐渐有大气降水的混合;第Ⅰ阶段高温(301 2～465 4℃)、中等盐度(9 1%～18 6%)的流体曾发生沸腾,形成较多以气相为主的包裹体;从第Ⅱ成矿阶段开始,流体沸腾减弱而出现不混溶现象;在第Ⅲ成矿阶段,不混溶作用增强,形成富CO2的低盐度流体与富H2O高盐度流体;在第Ⅳ—Ⅴ成矿阶段,大气降水的混合作用趋于增强,流体总体盐度降低。流体包裹体气相成分以CO2,H2S,CH4为主,含少量CO,N2,H2等,并且早阶段流体CO2含量较高,在第Ⅲ—Ⅴ成矿阶段,H2S,CH4,CO浓度增高,金属矿物大量出现。减压作用造成初始高温流体沸腾,其后温度降低以及盐析效应可能造成富CO2流体与富H2O流体的不混溶,而Au的大量沉淀则主要与大气降水的混合作用有关。 相似文献
11.
东濮凹陷北部沙三中亚段广泛发育盐岩和烃源岩,这两个看似不能共存的物质却在这里互层共生。该时期研究区沉积特征为多盐韵律与多层烃源岩互层共生、连续沉积,单个盐韵律厚度从几米到十几米,烃源岩有机质丰度高、类型好。平面上,两者在湖盆沉积沉降中心共生;垂向上,高有机质丰度、好干酪根类型与高盐度地层具有较好的对应关系。因而成为恢复古气候和古环境的重要研究对象。通过岩石学、古生物学以及Sr/Ba、B/Ga、(V+Ni+Mn)、Fe/Mn、Sr/Cu、Mg/Ca、V/(V+Ni)、稀土元素含量和氯同位素等方法对凹陷北部沙三中亚段的沉积环境进行研究。结果表明,凹陷北部沙三中亚段为深水沉积的还原环境,古盐度较高,达到半咸水-咸水沉积;微量元素和孢粉化石特征表明研究区沙三中亚段为温暖潮湿的环境。 相似文献
12.
The Importance of the Precipitation and the Susceptibility of the Slopes for the Triggering of Landslides Along the Roads 总被引：3，自引：1，他引：2
Clemente Irigaray Francisco Lamas Rachid El Hamdouni Tomás Fernández José Chacón 《Natural Hazards》2000,21(1):65-81
In order to characterise the influence of the heavyrains on the observed landslides during the 1996–1997hydrological cycle, rainfall records for the last 100years are analysed from 104 stations in easternAndalusia. Regarding the amounts of rain recordedbetween October 1996 and March 1997 in the 104stations studied, 31 presented new all-time records;15 presented values that were 80–100% of thepre-1995 record; 49 stations, 80–50%; and 9stations, < 50%. A map has been devised of thesusceptibility of the materials through which thesouth-eastern Andalusian road network crosses,together with an inventory of the damage caused byinstability phenomena on banks and cuttings of theroad network during the winter of 1996–1997. Therelationships between the rainfall during the studyperiod, the damage caused to the road network and thesusceptibility of the materials affected are analysed.The results indicate that there is a clearcorrespondence between the rainfall recorded and thesusceptibility of the materials with the inventorieddamage. It is concluded that the widespread seriousdamage caused in early 1997 to the roads andsurrounding areas in the Alpujarra region and thecoast of the Province of Granada was mainly caused bythe extraordinarily heavy rains. However, considerablyless damage was observed where the susceptibility ofthe terrain is low, thus highlighting the extremeusefulness of terrain-susceptibility maps for riskprevention and territorial planning. 相似文献
13.
郯庐断裂南段研究进展与断裂性质讨论 总被引：13，自引：3，他引：13
据1：5万区域地质调查和专题研究资料，就郯庐断裂带是否南延与消失的原因，其与大别—苏鲁造山带交截形成的假位错效应，以及与中新生代沉积盆地形成演化的关系等作了新的阐述。在此基础上，讨论了郯庐断裂带是否为巨大的左行平移断层或转换断层。认为郯庐断裂带可能是在“古郯庐带”的基础上于早侏罗世重新活动、白垩纪强烈活动的地堑型枢纽断裂带。 相似文献
14.
15.
Guboglo M. N. 《GeoJournal》1980,4(1):53-58
International unity is becoming ever stronger in this country owing to an increasing similarity in the development of the cultural environment. This comprises the provision of all the country's republics with a sufficient number of schools, theatres, and other institutions and cultural information media in accordance with the needs of the population. An important part is played by the rise in ‘the general educational level, as well as the level of professional qualifications and skills. Among all the Soviet nations and nationalities, this rise being more rapid among formerly backward peoples. Prominent among the factors of internationalization is the progressive development of the nationalities’ cultural resources, while professional culture is being increasingly brought within the reach of the masses.The implementation of the nationalities policy promotes the all-round development of all Soviet nations and nationalities, their drawing together, the upsurge of the individual capabilities of every Soviet citizen. 相似文献
16.
某高速公路下伏煤矿采空区稳定性分析 总被引：10，自引：0，他引：10
在论述某高速公路下伏砦脖煤矿采空区地质、采矿和工程地质特征的基础上, 进行了稳定性数值模拟分析, 定性与定量地分析与评价了该煤矿采空区的地表变形特征及稳定性。研究结果表明: 该煤矿采空区的变形尚未完成, 对拟建的高速公路将产生很大的危害, 必须采取相应的工程治理措施。 相似文献
17.
Dean S. Oliver 《Mathematical Geology》1998,30(7):911-933
In reservoir characterization, the covariance is often used to describe the spatial correlation and variation in rock properties or the uncertainty in rock properties. The inverse of the covariance, on the other hand, is seldom discussed in geostatistics. In this paper, I show that the inverse is required for simulation and estimation of Gaussian random fields, and that it can be identified with the differential operator in regularized inverse theory. Unfortunately, because the covariance matrix for parameters in reservoir models can be extremely large, calculation of the inverse can be a problem. In this paper, I discuss four methods of calculating the inverse of the covariance, two of which are analytical, and two of which are purely numerical. By taking advantage of the assumed stationarity of the covariance, none of the methods require inversion of the full covariance matrix. 相似文献
18.
Jiayu Rong Michael Melchin S. Henry Williams Tatyana N. Koren Jacques Verniers 《《幕》》2008,31(3):315-318
The Global Stratotype Section and Point （GSSP） for the base of the Silurian System was defined in 1985. Since that time, a number of researchers have suggested that this section has serious deficiencies for use as a GSSP. As a result, in 2000, the Subcommission on Silurian Stratigraphy （SSS） proposed undertaking a formal restu@ of this GSSP, which was subsequently approved by the International Commission of Stratigraphy （ICS）. The result of this restudy was the formal proposal that the current GSSP, at 1.6 m above the base of the Birkhill Shale, at Dob＇s Linn, Scotland, should be maintained as the same locality and stratigraphic level, but the bios- tratigraphical definition of the boundary should be revised. The previously defined, basal Silurian grapto- lite zone, the Parakidograptus acuminatus Zone, should be subdivided into a lower Akidograptus ascensus Zone and a higher E acuminatus Zone. The base of the A. ascensus Zone, marked by the first appearance of A. ascensus, should be regarded as the biostratigraphic mark for the base of the Silurian. This proposal has now been formally approved by the SSS and ICS, and ratified by International Union of Geological Sciences. This is the first GSSP to undergo formal restudy and redefini- tion, and the proposal also included a recommended procedure for restudy of GSSPs. 相似文献
19.
Deviation of the major axis of the inertia ellipsoid of the Moon from the direction toward the Earth
B. P. Kondratyev 《Astronomy Reports》2017,61(8):709-714
It is known from observations that the center of mass of the Moon does not coincide with the geometric center of its figure, and the line connecting these two centers is not aligned with the direction toward the center of the Earth, instead deviating toward the Southeast. This stationary deviation of the axis of the inertia ellipsoid of the Moon to the South of the direction toward the Earth is analyzed. A system of five linear differential equations describing the physical libration of the Moon in latitude is considered, and these equations are derived using a new vector method taking into account perturbations from the Earth and partly from the Sun. The characteristic equation of this system is obtained, and all five oscillation frequencies are found. Special attention is paid to the fifth (zero) frequency, for which the solution of the latitude libration equations are stationary and represents a previously unknown additional motion of the rotational axis of theMoon in a cone with a small opening angle. In contrast to the astronomical precession of the Earth, the rotation of the angular-velocity vector is in the positive direction (counter-clockwise), with the period T 3 = 27.32 days. On this basis, this phenomenon has been named “quasi-precession.” This quasi-precession leads to a stationary inclination of the major axis of the inertia ellipsoid of theMoon to the South (for an observer on Earth), making it possible to explain one component of the observed deviation of the center of mass of the Moon from the direction toward the Earth. The opening angle of the quasiprecession cone is approximately 0.834″. 相似文献
20.
Important tendencies in development of the world mineral-resources sector at the beginning of the 21st century were an increase in production and consumption of mineral materials differentiated by types of metals and nonmetallic mineral raw materials, by countries and regions, as well as the concentration of the production of mineral raw materials in a small number of countries, and a reduction in industrial reserves of minerals in the world economy, even at the current stage of their extraction. These tendencies should be taken into account in working out a strategy for development of the Russian mineral raw-material base. 相似文献