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1.
详细的LA-ICPMS锆石U-Pb年代学研究表明,位于郯庐断裂(郯城—庐江断裂)带上张八岭隆起东侧边界上的滁州火山岩形成于早白垩世,具体年龄为132~116Ma,岩浆具有多期喷发的特点。该岩浆活动中132Ma的喷发年龄是郯庐断裂带上同期钙碱性岩浆最早出现的时间,代表了该断裂带上岩石圈伸展运动的开始时间。尽管滁州火山岩在构造位置上属于扬子克拉通,但岩浆岩中的古老锆石指示岩浆来源于古老的华北克拉通,这一现象可以用大陆碰撞后楔入模型来解释。该火山岩形成于中国东部岩石圈减薄的动力学背景之下,为岩石圈减薄及壳幔相互作用造成的早白垩世大规模岩浆活动的同期产物。与华北克拉通内部的同期火山岩年代学资料相比,断裂带上火山活动具有相对较早的开始时间和较长的演化历史,表明断裂带内岩石圈具有较克拉通内部强烈的减薄程度和长期的减薄历史,这一特点可能与郯庐断裂带于早白垩世初的大规模左行平移有关。  相似文献   

2.
鲁西北部地区的淄博和临朐辉长闪长岩的锆石原位U-Pb定年分析显示,它们分别形成于128±2Ma和132±1Ma,与鲁西早白垩世大规模岩浆活动时间一致,是华北克拉通岩石圈减薄过程的岩浆活动产物。与鲁西北部同时期的济南、邹平辉长岩相比,淄博和临朐辉长闪长岩的锆石εHf(t)值(分别为-5.1~-2.4和-2.4~+3.2)明显较高,并具有相对年轻的亏损地幔Hf模式年龄TDM(分别为876~984Ma和639~867Ma),对应于相对高的全岩εNd(t)值,指示其岩浆源区有更大比例的软流圈地幔物质贡献。鲁西北部地区的早白垩世基性侵入岩的岩浆源区以华北克拉通内部的古老富集岩石圈地幔为主,从华北克拉通内部往郯庐断裂带锆石εHf(t)值显示出升高趋势,表明软流圈地幔物质的参与比例增大。郯庐断裂带是导致鲁西地区早白垩世基性岩浆活动时空不均一性的重要岩石圈薄弱带。  相似文献   

3.
牛漫兰 《地质科学》2006,41(2):217-225
张八岭地区顺郯庐断裂带由北向南出露了管店、瓦屋刘和瓦屋薛3个岩体,岩性分别为花岗闪长岩、石英二长岩和花岗岩。对其中两个侵入岩体中黑云母进行了40Ar-39Ar定年研究。张八岭隆起北段瓦屋刘石英二长岩和瓦屋薛花岗岩中黑云母的40Ar-39Ar坪年龄分别为127.84±0.77Ma和119.97±0.64Ma,表明岩浆活动主要发生在早白垩世中期。结合最近断裂带内走滑糜棱岩中角闪石143.3±1.3Ma的40Ar-39Ar年龄,暗示了早白垩世中期断裂带内出现岩浆活动时,郯庐断裂带已转变成正断层活动,而不是以往认为由断裂带走滑诱发的岩浆活动,与华北地块东部岩石圈减薄的峰期时间基本一致。  相似文献   

4.
位于郯庐断裂带张八岭隆起北段上的滁州早白垩世火山岩,属于准铝质、硅过饱和岩石,为一套中酸性的高钾钙碱性系列火山岩,部分样品(129~125Ma)具有类似于埃达克岩的地球化学特征。该套火山岩富集大离子亲石元素和轻稀土元素、亏损重稀土元素及高场强元素,并具有类似于EMⅠ型的Sr-Nd-Pb同位素组成。地球化学特征显示该火山岩的岩浆源区属于华北克拉通,早期火山岩(约132Ma)是富集地幔来源岩浆和古老的华北下地壳源区混合的结果;中期和晚期火山岩(129~117Ma)是幔源底侵组分和古老的华北下地壳来源岩浆不同比例混合的产物。由早到晚,滁州火山岩中古老壳源物质比例逐渐增加,源区逐渐变浅,指示软流圈顶面不断抬升、岩石圈内等温面逐渐升高的过程。研究表明,热异常背景下强烈的壳-幔相互作用是该处断裂带内岩浆形成的主要方式,其具体过程是在岩石圈底部持续减薄、软流圈上涌背景下,幔源岩浆底侵而诱发了古老下地壳的部分熔融,从而形成了壳-幔过渡带内混源的岩浆。郯庐断裂带内较浅的岩浆源区、较高的源区熔融程度、强烈而持久的伸展及岩浆活动、强烈的壳-幔相互作用以及现今较薄的岩石圈厚度,都指示郯庐断裂带是华北克拉通东部岩石圈减薄中的强减薄带,在华北克拉通破坏中起着重要的作用。  相似文献   

5.
采用SHRIMP测年技术对玲珑金矿区成矿后花岗斑岩脉的锆石进行了U Pb年龄测定,获得岩脉岩浆锆石的206Pb/238U平均年龄为119.4 Ma,同时获得大量的继承锆石年龄,范围从3 114~127 Ma。继承锆石年龄显示,胶北地体前寒武纪经历了中太古代的陆核生成阶段;新太古代花岗岩绿岩地体增生阶段;古元古代孔兹岩系的沉积阶段;新元古代蓬莱群盖层形成阶段。整个古生代,地体处于稳定的隆升受剥蚀状态,没有明显的岩浆活动。三叠纪,华南与华北克拉通碰撞,郯庐断裂带形成。晚三叠世—中侏罗世,后碰撞的巨大挤压作用导致华北克拉通南缘地壳增厚,玲珑和蚌埠荆山等花岗岩生成。中晚侏罗世,郯庐断裂带发生了巨大的左行平移,胶北地体从蚌埠—五河的东部推移到现在的位置。早白垩世,郯庐断裂由左旋压扭向右行拉张转化,导致胶北地体上郭家岭岩体生成。中晚白垩世,郯庐断裂发生了大规模的拉张,导致沂沭裂谷、胶莱盆地、青山组火山岩、金矿床形成和隆起区大量脉岩侵入。  相似文献   

6.
本文报道了郯庐断裂带巢湖-庐江段上白垩纪火山岩的主量元素、微量元素及Sr-Nd-Pb同位素特征.研究区火山岩SiO2含量为50.2%~75.2%,主要为基性岩和偏酸性岩类.样品富钾、贫钠、偏碱性(σ平均5.36),明显富集LILEs、LREEs,相对亏损HFSEs,具有弱的Eu负异常(δEu平均0.70)及富集的Sr-Nd-Pb同位素组成(Isr=0.7054~0.7090,εNd(t)=-5.2~-17.6).地球化学特征表明岩浆具有多源与源区多变的特征,早期基性岩(125Ma)的岩浆源区主要为华北克拉通地幔,兼有下地壳的贡献;流纹岩(120Ma)主要是地热异常背景下华北中、下地壳源区熔融的结果;粗面岩(100Ma)为华北下地壳和富集岩石圈地幔来源岩浆的混合结果;晚期基性岩(93Ma)的源区主要为华北岩石圈地幔,兼有软流圈和下地壳物质的贡献.这些岩浆活动是在华北克拉通东部岩石圈减薄背景下、郯庐断裂带伸展活动中发生的,深部软流圈上涌使断裂带内的地温升高而造成了岩石圈的部分熔融,其具体岩浆过程指示了详细的岩石圈减薄过程.其中120Ma时期的流纹岩喷发指示断裂带内地壳出现了最高的地温与最浅的等温面,应对应减薄的峰期;而93Ma时期的基性岩喷发反映了深部开始出现了软流圈的部分熔融.一系列现象均指示,郯庐断裂带是华北克拉通东部的岩石圈强减薄带,是热流与岩浆上升的有利通道,也是发生强烈岩石圈地幔交代与置换的场所.  相似文献   

7.
郯庐断裂带在造山阶段之后发生了明显的左行平移活动,但到目前为止对于其发生时间仍存在较大争议。大别山东缘郯庐断裂带内存在一系列花岗质、基性岩脉,其形成与郯庐断裂带左行平移活动密切相关,因而对其形成年龄的测定可以为断裂带左行平移时间提供限定。本次工作在大别山东缘郯庐断裂带内糜棱岩及岩脉中采集了6个样品开展锆石LA-ICP-MS年龄测定。两个花岗质糜棱岩样品均得到了新元古代和印支期两组年龄结果,但并未得到早白垩世年龄结果,可能指示了强烈的构造变形抑制了锆石的生长。与断裂带左行平移活动同期的基性岩墙侵位时间为128 Ma左右;斜切糜棱岩面理的基性岩墙侵位于127 Ma 左右;发生韧性变形形成糜棱岩的二长花岗岩侵位时间为128 Ma左右;仅出现NE向劈理的钾长花岗岩侵位于126 Ma。综合以上结果,大别山东缘郯庐断裂带与下扬子地区存在类似的构造背景,其早白垩世左行平移事件的发生时间为128 Ma之前,之后断裂带在区域伸展背景下转变为正断层活动。  相似文献   

8.
东天山觉罗塔格地区岩浆岩非常发育,以花岗岩类分布最为广泛,对其研究还较为薄弱。本文对觉罗塔格地区主要的花岗岩类岩体系统开展了地质特征研究并进行了同位素精确测年,报道了区内16个主要花岗岩类岩体的锆石LA-ICPMS U-Pb年龄:镜儿泉岩体376.9±3.1Ma、西凤山岩体349.0±3.4Ma、石英滩岩体342±11Ma、长条山岩体337.4±2.8Ma、天目岩体320.2±3.1Ma、百灵山岩体317.7±3.7Ma、白石泉岩体303±18Ma、迪坎岩体288.0±2.5Ma、黄山岩体288±17Ma、白山东岩体284.5±4.5Ma、管道岩体284.1±5.8Ma、红石岩体282.7±4.2Ma、陇东岩体276.2±2.5Ma、多头山岩体271.7±5.5Ma、双岔沟岩体252.4±2.9Ma、土墩岩体246.2±2.6Ma,上述定年结果为研究区岩浆活动与区域构造演化及深部过程的关系研究提供了可靠的年代学支持。结合前人已有的部分年代学成果认为,觉罗塔格地区花岗岩类的形成年龄分布在386~230Ma之间,岩浆活动可分为晚泥盆世(386.5~369.5Ma)、早石炭世(349~330Ma)、晚石炭世-晚二叠世(320~252Ma)、早中三叠世(246~230Ma)等4个阶段。前3个阶段岩浆活动具有持续时间逐渐变长、岩浆活动逐渐加剧的特点,并在第三阶段达到顶峰,而第四阶段岩浆活动则明显变弱。花岗岩类岩浆活动在时空分布上表现为,自哈尔里克-大南湖岛弧带→阿奇山-雅满岛弧带→康古尔-黄山韧性剪切带,岩体侵位由早到晚; 自研究区东部→中西部→沿韧性剪切带,岩体侵位由老到新。结合区域构造演化研究成果认为,觉罗塔格地区花岗质岩浆活动与区域构造演化具有很强的耦合关系,花岗岩类在前碰撞阶段、主碰撞阶段、后碰撞阶段、板内阶段等4个构造演化阶段均有发育,与花岗岩类在时间分布上的4个阶段完全对应,其中尤以后碰撞构造演化阶段花岗岩类的分布最广泛、岩浆活动最强烈。觉罗塔格地区与4个阶段花岗岩类有关的成矿作用由早到晚具有无明显矿化→斑岩型铜矿、火山岩型铁矿→韧性剪切带型金矿、夕卡岩型银(铜)矿→斑岩-石英脉型钼矿的演化特点,其中以对应于主碰撞阶段的斑岩型铜矿和后碰撞阶段的韧性剪切带型金矿最为发育。本文系统阐述了东天山觉罗塔格地区中酸性岩体的时空格架、与区域构造演化的耦合、与成矿作用的关系,为北疆地区晚古生代特别是后碰撞背景下的岩浆演化及其成矿关系的研究提供了有力支持。  相似文献   

9.
采用LA-ICP-MS方法对郯庐断裂带巢湖—庐江段的晚中生代火山岩进行了锆石U-Pb年代学研究。由6个样品获得的该处火山喷发时间在距今125~93Ma,为早白垩世晚期至晚白垩世初期,经历了32Ma的喷发历史。与附近的庐枞盆地、北大别造山带及北淮阳地区相比,该地火山喷发具有较晚的结束时间,说明岩石圈减薄具有相对强烈的程度和较长的持续时间。93Ma是已知的华北克拉通残留富集岩石圈地幔最晚的岩浆岩年代学记录。锆石的饱和温度计算、岩浆中较低的MgO含量和Mg#值均不支持岩浆由拆沉的下地壳部分熔融形成,岩浆活动的可能成因是壳幔相互作用,岩浆源区具有由幔源向壳源再过渡到幔源的时间演化顺序。这暗示断裂带下强烈的软流圈上涌引起岩石圈地幔的熔融(距今125Ma),随后岩石圈持续的减薄作用导致其内部热流升高,出现了以流纹岩为代表的地热异常背景下地壳源区的部分熔融(距今120Ma),而最终岩石圈强烈减薄背景下的软流圈物质参与岩浆过程可能是晚期幔源岩浆(距今93Ma)的成因。  相似文献   

10.
本文报道了郯庐断裂带张八岭隆起南段晚中生代侵入岩的主量元素、微量元素及Sr-Nd-Pb同位素特征。研究区侵入岩为一套铝和硅均过饱和的、准铝质向过铝质过渡的岩浆岩,具有富碱、富钾的特征,可根据侵位时间和地球化学特征将张八岭隆起南段侵入岩划分为四类:早期、中早期、中晚期和晚期。早期和中早期侵入岩富集大离子亲石元素(LILE)和轻稀土元素(LREE),相对亏损重稀土元素(HREE),为一套埃达克质的钙碱性二长花岗岩,分别具有正Eu异常和无Eu异常;中晚期和晚期侵入岩富集LILE,亏损Ba、Sr,具有负的Eu异常,是一套碱性A型花岗岩。中晚期和晚期侵入岩与早期和中早期侵入岩相比,具有更低的CaO、MgO、Fe2OT3、Al2O3、REE含量、(La/Yb)N值和更高的Eu负异常和SiO2含量。Sr-Nd-Pb同位素特征显示,张八岭隆起南段侵入岩岩浆主要来源于华北克拉通下地壳。早期岩浆包含少量的富集地幔端元,而晚期岩浆则为更浅的地壳源区。先期的埃达克质岩代表了该处岩石圈伸展活动的开始阶段,而后期的A型花岗岩则代表了岩石圈强烈伸展的时间。研究表明,岩浆侵位过程中没有经历明显的中、上地壳混染,岩浆源区经历了不同程度的部分熔融,并经历了分离结晶作用。随岩浆侵位时间的变化,岩浆源区的残留相明显不同,由早到晚从石榴子石到斜长石再向角闪石过渡,且岩浆源区逐渐变浅。岩浆演化规律暗示岩浆活动的深部动力学过程为:华北克拉通岩石圈底部的逐渐减薄造成了软流圈顶面抬升,导致岩石圈内热流升高,化学作用逐渐加强,从而出现了不同深度的下地壳源区部分熔融。与远离断裂带的克拉通内部相比,郯庐断裂带具有更强烈的岩石圈伸展程度、侵入岩具有更浅的岩浆源区、岩浆源区具有更强烈的演化程度和更高程度的部分熔融。一系列的证据进一步均证明郯庐断裂带是岩石圈减薄中的强减薄带。  相似文献   

11.
东濮凹陷北部沙三中亚段广泛发育盐岩和烃源岩,这两个看似不能共存的物质却在这里互层共生。该时期研究区沉积特征为多盐韵律与多层烃源岩互层共生、连续沉积,单个盐韵律厚度从几米到十几米,烃源岩有机质丰度高、类型好。平面上,两者在湖盆沉积沉降中心共生;垂向上,高有机质丰度、好干酪根类型与高盐度地层具有较好的对应关系。因而成为恢复古气候和古环境的重要研究对象。通过岩石学、古生物学以及Sr/Ba、B/Ga、(V+Ni+Mn)、Fe/Mn、Sr/Cu、Mg/Ca、V/(V+Ni)、稀土元素含量和氯同位素等方法对凹陷北部沙三中亚段的沉积环境进行研究。结果表明,凹陷北部沙三中亚段为深水沉积的还原环境,古盐度较高,达到半咸水-咸水沉积;微量元素和孢粉化石特征表明研究区沙三中亚段为温暖潮湿的环境。  相似文献   

12.
In order to characterise the influence of the heavyrains on the observed landslides during the 1996–1997hydrological cycle, rainfall records for the last 100years are analysed from 104 stations in easternAndalusia. Regarding the amounts of rain recordedbetween October 1996 and March 1997 in the 104stations studied, 31 presented new all-time records;15 presented values that were 80–100% of thepre-1995 record; 49 stations, 80–50%; and 9stations, < 50%. A map has been devised of thesusceptibility of the materials through which thesouth-eastern Andalusian road network crosses,together with an inventory of the damage caused byinstability phenomena on banks and cuttings of theroad network during the winter of 1996–1997. Therelationships between the rainfall during the studyperiod, the damage caused to the road network and thesusceptibility of the materials affected are analysed.The results indicate that there is a clearcorrespondence between the rainfall recorded and thesusceptibility of the materials with the inventorieddamage. It is concluded that the widespread seriousdamage caused in early 1997 to the roads andsurrounding areas in the Alpujarra region and thecoast of the Province of Granada was mainly caused bythe extraordinarily heavy rains. However, considerablyless damage was observed where the susceptibility ofthe terrain is low, thus highlighting the extremeusefulness of terrain-susceptibility maps for riskprevention and territorial planning.  相似文献   

13.
郯庐断裂南段研究进展与断裂性质讨论   总被引:13,自引:3,他引:13  
据1:5万区域地质调查和专题研究资料,就郯庐断裂带是否南延与消失的原因,其与大别—苏鲁造山带交截形成的假位错效应,以及与中新生代沉积盆地形成演化的关系等作了新的阐述。在此基础上,讨论了郯庐断裂带是否为巨大的左行平移断层或转换断层。认为郯庐断裂带可能是在“古郯庐带”的基础上于早侏罗世重新活动、白垩纪强烈活动的地堑型枢纽断裂带。  相似文献   

14.
International unity is becoming ever stronger in this country owing to an increasing similarity in the development of the cultural environment. This comprises the provision of all the country's republics with a sufficient number of schools, theatres, and other institutions and cultural information media in accordance with the needs of the population. An important part is played by the rise in ‘the general educational level, as well as the level of professional qualifications and skills. Among all the Soviet nations and nationalities, this rise being more rapid among formerly backward peoples. Prominent among the factors of internationalization is the progressive development of the nationalities’ cultural resources, while professional culture is being increasingly brought within the reach of the masses.The implementation of the nationalities policy promotes the all-round development of all Soviet nations and nationalities, their drawing together, the upsurge of the individual capabilities of every Soviet citizen.  相似文献   

15.
塘口水电站大坝基础座落在断层和裂隙较发育的龟裂纹灰岩上,岩体完整性差、透水性强,多年运行后,大坝灌浆廊道和排水廊道出现多处集中性漏水,为确保大坝安全和电站正常发电,根据渗漏性质和成因,采用对灌浆廊道补充帷幕灌浆,对排水廊道进行固结+帷幕+回填灌浆。通过灌浆处理后,效果良好,表明灌浆工程有效的将导致坝基渗漏的上下游的裂隙通道封闭,并顺利的经受了随后的汛期洪水考验,大坝安全得到保障。  相似文献   

16.
某高速公路下伏煤矿采空区稳定性分析   总被引:10,自引:0,他引:10  
在论述某高速公路下伏砦脖煤矿采空区地质、采矿和工程地质特征的基础上, 进行了稳定性数值模拟分析, 定性与定量地分析与评价了该煤矿采空区的地表变形特征及稳定性。研究结果表明: 该煤矿采空区的变形尚未完成, 对拟建的高速公路将产生很大的危害, 必须采取相应的工程治理措施。   相似文献   

17.
The Global Stratotype Section and Point (GSSP) for the base of the Silurian System was defined in 1985. Since that time, a number of researchers have suggested that this section has serious deficiencies for use as a GSSP. As a result, in 2000, the Subcommission on Silurian Stratigraphy (SSS) proposed undertaking a formal restu@ of this GSSP, which was subsequently approved by the International Commission of Stratigraphy (ICS). The result of this restudy was the formal proposal that the current GSSP, at 1.6 m above the base of the Birkhill Shale, at Dob's Linn, Scotland, should be maintained as the same locality and stratigraphic level, but the bios- tratigraphical definition of the boundary should be revised. The previously defined, basal Silurian grapto- lite zone, the Parakidograptus acuminatus Zone, should be subdivided into a lower Akidograptus ascensus Zone and a higher E acuminatus Zone. The base of the A. ascensus Zone, marked by the first appearance of A. ascensus, should be regarded as the biostratigraphic mark for the base of the Silurian. This proposal has now been formally approved by the SSS and ICS, and ratified by International Union of Geological Sciences. This is the first GSSP to undergo formal restudy and redefini- tion, and the proposal also included a recommended procedure for restudy of GSSPs.  相似文献   

18.
In reservoir characterization, the covariance is often used to describe the spatial correlation and variation in rock properties or the uncertainty in rock properties. The inverse of the covariance, on the other hand, is seldom discussed in geostatistics. In this paper, I show that the inverse is required for simulation and estimation of Gaussian random fields, and that it can be identified with the differential operator in regularized inverse theory. Unfortunately, because the covariance matrix for parameters in reservoir models can be extremely large, calculation of the inverse can be a problem. In this paper, I discuss four methods of calculating the inverse of the covariance, two of which are analytical, and two of which are purely numerical. By taking advantage of the assumed stationarity of the covariance, none of the methods require inversion of the full covariance matrix.  相似文献   

19.
It is known from observations that the center of mass of the Moon does not coincide with the geometric center of its figure, and the line connecting these two centers is not aligned with the direction toward the center of the Earth, instead deviating toward the Southeast. This stationary deviation of the axis of the inertia ellipsoid of the Moon to the South of the direction toward the Earth is analyzed. A system of five linear differential equations describing the physical libration of the Moon in latitude is considered, and these equations are derived using a new vector method taking into account perturbations from the Earth and partly from the Sun. The characteristic equation of this system is obtained, and all five oscillation frequencies are found. Special attention is paid to the fifth (zero) frequency, for which the solution of the latitude libration equations are stationary and represents a previously unknown additional motion of the rotational axis of theMoon in a cone with a small opening angle. In contrast to the astronomical precession of the Earth, the rotation of the angular-velocity vector is in the positive direction (counter-clockwise), with the period T 3 = 27.32 days. On this basis, this phenomenon has been named “quasi-precession.” This quasi-precession leads to a stationary inclination of the major axis of the inertia ellipsoid of theMoon to the South (for an observer on Earth), making it possible to explain one component of the observed deviation of the center of mass of the Moon from the direction toward the Earth. The opening angle of the quasiprecession cone is approximately 0.834″.  相似文献   

20.
Important tendencies in development of the world mineral-resources sector at the beginning of the 21st century were an increase in production and consumption of mineral materials differentiated by types of metals and nonmetallic mineral raw materials, by countries and regions, as well as the concentration of the production of mineral raw materials in a small number of countries, and a reduction in industrial reserves of minerals in the world economy, even at the current stage of their extraction. These tendencies should be taken into account in working out a strategy for development of the Russian mineral raw-material base.  相似文献   

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