共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 312 毫秒
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数字图象处理在地质找矿应用上,随着计算机科学的发展,图象处理技术的日益完善,遥感、地质、地球物理和地球化学等数据的综合处理分析变得十分重要.在多来源数据的综合处理中,面临的问题是,如何合理地提取特征变量,选择合适的变量组合,以及确切地分析利用得到的处理结果.解决这些问题的关键之一就是了解各种数据变量之间的相关性. 相似文献
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广西横县六景中泥盆统的Mg、Ca、Sr、Na、δ13C和δ18O化学地层特征清晰地量化了该剖面的岩相及其变化规律,并在生物地层框架内,使该剖面的高精度划分和高精度区域性对比成为可能.化学地层数据与该剖面的沉积相和生物相之间存在良好的对应关系,显示那叫期的中泥盆统段为滩后泻湖与蒸发滩3次交替沉积环境;民塘期至谷闭初期为碳酸盐礁滩后斜坡沉积环境.那叫组白云岩的化学地层数据显示不能简单排除白云岩的化学地层学研究价值,可以对成岩作用较弱的细晶、粉晶白云岩,尤其薄层、纹层白云岩开展适度的化学地层学研究. 相似文献
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由于传感器特性、信息提取方法、模拟模型等不同,从多源、多时相的遥感数据获取各种遥感专题信息之间不可避免存在差异,在数据应用之前常常需要对这些专题信息进行比较和评价.多源遥感专题信息比较方法多种多样,依据处理单元或处理对象特性将多源遥感专题信息比较方法分为三大类:基于像元误差矩阵的比较、基于格局特征的比较和其他比较方法.... 相似文献
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力学、几何参数对土质边坡稳定的敏感性分析 总被引：10，自引：0，他引：10
基于FLAC2D有限差分软件,采用强度折减法求解不同条件下的48个土质边坡的稳定系数.采用灰色系统理论中的灰色关联分析方法,对边坡稳定进行敏感性分析,通过建立边坡的灰关联数据矩阵,并对数据矩阵进行无量纲化处理,计算出各影响因素变化与边坡稳定系数之间的灰关联系数和灰关联度,从而确定各因素对土质边坡稳定系数变化的敏感性大小.结果表明,土体的粘聚力、重度、内摩擦角对边坡稳定性的影响最为敏感,剪胀角、坡角、坡高的影响次之,为实际边坡工程的合理有效设计及边坡治理提供了参考依据. 相似文献
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一、引言水文测验都是存在误差的。在水文测验工作中,在数据的比较、分析、整理时,常常会遇到如下一些问题: 1.不同时间或不同仪器、不同方法所取得的两组数据之间有没有显著偏离? 2.上述不同条件下所取得的两组数据之间的散乱程度(或波动幅度)有无显著差异? 相似文献
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青藏高原岩石圈结构、隆升机制及对大陆变形影响 总被引：12，自引：2，他引：10
根据近年古生物区系、岩相古地理、地质构造以及古地磁等的研究,特别是晚古生代—白垩纪古生物区系、分异指数特征以及古地磁数据等,作者认为,从晚古生代—白垩纪印度板块和青藏高原(欧亚板块)之间不存在至今还流传引用的浩瀚深邃宽达6000～7000km、向东敞开的特提斯大洋(R.S.Di-etz,J.C.Holden,1970及其他地质学家),其时印度板块与欧亚大陆之间呈现小洋盆、海湾、裂陷槽与微古陆相间构造格局;也未发生过印度大陆和青藏高原南部地体跨越这一特提斯大洋自南向北作长距离漂移。早年魏根纳(Wegener,A,1924)提出的印度大陆未远离欧亚大陆的论点,基本是正确的。 相似文献
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多年来作为国土管理工作重要依据的空间数据不能进行及时有效地更新交换, 上下级之间数据不能同步, 以至各级审批节点只能进行费时、费力的“定性”审批.通过对国土资源数据现状的分析, 提出了树状层次结构数据中心部署模型, 详细分析了数据中心体系模型和数据中心交换模型; 在模型的基础上, 提出了表文件级更新和地理实体全球唯一编码的记录级数据更新方式, 完成了异构数据更新和传输子模块的设计, 实现了多级分布式数据中心之间的数据更新机制.实践表明, 在湖南省国土资源多级数据交换体系中成功应用后, 省厅与长沙市局之间能够远程动态实时交换空间数据, 实现了政务审批工作从定性粗放到定量精细的飞跃. 相似文献
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加拿大海王星是世界最大的海底缆接科学观测网,于2009年开始运行.它连接了位于不同水深和不同海洋地质环境的大批观测仪器,把数据连续不断地通过互联网传给科学家和大众.海王星的建立是为了推动地震过程和大地构造、海底地下流体、海洋生物与气候变化、深海生态系统、工程和信息科学等五大科学命题的研究.为最大程度地推动国际合作,加速科学发展步伐,它的系统使用完全开放,数据全部免费公开,这在科学史上前所未见.这种全方位、全开放的复杂庞大的科研系统需要高超的管理方法和优良的学术环境. 相似文献
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S. Viswanathan K. Surya Prakash Rao B. Mahabaleswar 《Journal of the Geological Society of India》2013,82(6):621-627
Komatiites are mantle-derived ultramafic volcanic rocks. Komatiites have been discovered in several States of India, notably in Karnataka. Studies on the distribution of trace-elements in the komatiites of India are very few. This paper proposes a simple, accurate, precise, rapid, and non-destructive wavelength-dispersive x-ray fluorescence (WDXRF) spectrometric technique for determining Sc, V, Cr, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, Rb, Sr, Y, Zr, Nb, Ba, Pb, and Th in komatiites, and discusses the accuracy, precision, limits of detection, x-ray spectral-line interferences, inter-element effects, speed, advantages, and limitations of the technique. The accuracy of the technique is excellent (within 3%) for Sc, V, Cr, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, Rb, Sr, Zr, Nb, Ba, Pb, and Th and very good (within 4%) for Y. The precision is also excellent (within 3%) for Sc, V, Cr, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, Rb, Sr, Y, Zr, Nb, Ba, Pb, and Th. The limits of detection are: 1 ppm for Sc and V; 2 ppm for Cr, Co, and Ni; 3 ppm for Cu, Zn, Rb, and Sr; 4 ppm for Y and Zr; 6 ppm for Nb; 10 ppm for Ba; 13 ppm for Pb; and 14 ppm for Th. The time taken for determining Sc, V, Cr, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, Rb, Sr, Y, Zr, Nb, Ba, Pb, and Th in a batch of 24 samples of komatiites, for a replication of four analyses per sample, by one operator, using a manual WDXRF spectrometer, is only 60 hours. 相似文献
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奥地利安东帕有限公司 《岩矿测试》2009,28(3):306-306
最新的流行病学研究表明,空气中较高浓度的悬浮细颗粒可能对人类的健康有不利的影响。根据该项研究显示,由于心脏病、慢性呼吸问题和肺功能指标恶化而导致死亡率的升高与细尘粒子有关。这些研究结果已经促使欧盟于1999年4月出台了限制空气中二氧化硫、二氧化氮、氧化氮、铅和颗粒物含量的法案(1999/30/EC),对各项指标包括对可吸入PM10颗粒的浓度提出了新的限制性指标。PM10颗粒是指可以通过预分级器分离采集的气体动力学直径小于10μm的细颗粒。目前研究的兴趣重点逐步偏向PM2.5这些更细微颗粒物,PM2.5这种颗粒物对健康有明显的不利影响。在欧盟指令2008/50/EC中,对PM10和PM2.5都提 相似文献
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E. M. Prasolov S. A. Sergeev B. V. Belyatsky E. S. Bogomolov K. A. Gruzdov I. N. Kapitonov R. Sh. Krymsky V. O. Khalenev 《Geochemistry International》2018,56(1):46-64
This paper reports the first results of a study of 11 isotope systems (3He/4He, 40Ar/36Ar, 34S/32S, 65Cu/63Cu, 62Ni/60Ni, 87Sr/86Sr, 143Nd/144Nd, 206–208Pb/204Pb, Hf–Nd, U–Pb, and Re–Os) in the rocks and ores of the Cu–Ni–PGE deposits of the Norilsk ore district. Almost all the results were obtained at the Center of Isotopic Research of the Karpinskii All-Russia Research Institute of Geology. The use of a number of independent genetic isotopic signatures and comprehensive isotopic knowledge provided a methodic basis for the interpretation of approximately 5000 isotopic analyses of various elements. The presence of materials from two sources, crust and mantle, was detected in the composition of the rocks and ores. The contribution of the crustal source is especially significant in the paleofluids (gas–liquid microinclusions) of the ore-forming medium. Crustal solutions were probably a transport medium during ore formation. Air argon is dominant in the ores, which indicates a connection between the paleofluids and the atmosphere. This suggests intense groundwater circulation during the crystallization of ore minerals. The age of the rocks and ores of the Norilsk deposits was determined. The stage of orebody formation is restricted to a narrow age interval of 250 ± 10 Ma. An isotopic criterion was proposed for the ore-bearing potential of mafic intrusions in the Norilsk–Taimyr region. It includes several interrelated isotopic ratios of various elements: He, Ar, S, and others. 相似文献
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Mining induced subsidence can significantly affect mining costs where major surface facilities and natural environment need to be protected. Overburden grout injection is a technology used to control coal mine subsidence by injecting the mine waste material extracted from the coal back into the inter-burden rock during longwall mining. The flowing slurry is here categorised as a nonlinear viscous cohesive (Bingham plastic) fluid. During longwall mining the grout slurry is pumped into the separated beds of the rock mass through a central vertical borehole, which is drilled deep into the inter-burden rock strata above the coal seam. However, a blockage can occur in the injection system when the slurry velocity falls below a certain critical threshold velocity, indicating a material phase change from cohesive-viscous to cohesive-frictional. In situ field injection tests through boreholes have been simulated at a smaller scale at the CSIRO laboratory in Brisbane by pumping the slurry through a radial disk (gap = 4 mm) from its centre. Laboratory experiments indicate a general, nonlinear, cohesive, viscous, frictional model for shear behaviour of the slurry, in which the material shear parameters are functions of the disk radial distance. Complete dimensional and dimensionless analytical solutions have been developed based on an approach related to Bingham–Herschel–Bulkley fluid mechanics. The derived formulae include relations for minimum pump pressure, local pressure and pressure gradient, wall shear stress, volume rate, velocity and velocity gradient. The theoretical results match the experimental measurements. The experiments covered slurries with maximum particle sizes of 0.5 to 2 mm with about 50% being larger than 100 µm. The viscosities at the various solids concentrations were measured with a standard torsion viscometer. This study differs from the previous research in several distinct aspects, namely, consideration of the variable shear parameters rather than fixed values, inclusion of total nonlinear behaviour, and implementation of a friction function to mimic behaviour of the deposited and consolidating stiff slurry, which can cause a significant pressure rise as a result of the increased shear resistance. 相似文献
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《Applied Geochemistry》2001,16(2):137-159
Five hundred and ninety-eight samples of terrestrial moss (Hylocomium splendens and Pleurozium schreberi) collected from a 188,000 km2 area of the central Barents region (NE Norway, N Finland, NW Russia) were analysed by ICP-AES and ICP-MS. Analytical results for Al, B, Ba, Ca, K, La, Mg, Mn, Na, P, Rb, Si, Sr, Th, U and Y concentrations are reported here. Graphical methods of data analysis, such as geochemical maps, cumulative frequency diagrams, boxplots and scatterplots, are used to interpret the origin of the patterns for these elements. None of the elements reported here are emitted in significant amounts from the smelting industry on the Kola Peninsula. Despite the conventional view that moss chemistry reflects atmospheric element input, the nature of the underlying mineral substrate (regolith or bedrock) is found to have a considerable influence on moss composition for several elements. This influence of the chemistry of the mineral substrate can take place in a variety of ways. (1) It can be completely natural, reflecting the ability of higher plants to take up elements from deep soil horizons and shed them with litterfall onto the surface. (2) It can result from naturally increased soil dust input where vegetation is scarce due to harsh climatic conditions for instance. Alternatively, substrate influence can be enhanced by human activity, such as open-cast mining, creation of ‘technogenic deserts’, or handling, transport and storage of ore and ore products, all of which magnify the natural elemental flux from bedrock to ground vegetation. Seaspray is another natural process affecting moss composition in the area (Mg, Na), and this is most visible in the Norwegian part of the study area. Presence or absence of some plant species, e.g., lichens, seems to influence moss chemistry. This is shown by the low concentrations of B or K in moss on the Finnish and Norwegian side of the (fenced) border with Russia, contrasting with high concentrations on the other side (intensive reindeer husbandry west of the border has selectively depleted the lichen population). 相似文献
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Marta L. PATINO-DOUCE Alberto PATINO-DOUCE Mazhar QAYYUM Roger L. NIELSEN 《Geostandards and Geoanalytical Research》1994,18(2):195-198
We have developed a set of four synthetic standards for the rare earth and high field strength elements designed for use in the determination of those elements in silicates. The base material is a glass nominally at the eutectic of the MgO-Al2 O3 -SiO2 ternary system. The nominal doping level was 2 wt% of the elements as oxides. To avoid problems associated with peak interference, the elements were doped in four separate glasses. 相似文献
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Between 1985 and 1991, two new mountain protected areas (MTNPA) covering more than 35,000 km2 and based on participatory management models — the Makalu-Barun National Park and Conservation Area, Nepal, and Qomolangma Nature Preserve, Tibet Autonomous Region — were successfully established through the collaborative efforts of Woodlands Mountain Institute and conservationists in China and Nepal. Characteristics common to both projects include the importance of establishing (1) effective rationales, (2) local support constituencies, (3) a senior advisory group, (4) a task force, (5) linkages between conservation and development, and (6) fund raising mechanisms. The lessons derived from the experiences of Woodlands Mountain Institute are of significant value to others in preserving MTNPA. Increased collaboration and communication between all interested in conservation, however, will remain a critical component for expanding mountain protected area coverage to throughout the world. 相似文献