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1.
洛阳盆地的负反转构造   总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2  
孙自明 《河南地质》2001,19(3):185-190
以地表地质和勘探地震资料为基础,对洛阳盆地的负反转构造进行了研究。负反转构造的形成受洛阳盆地构造演化阶段的控制,并受宜阳-洛宁断裂的制约:负反转构造仅在宜阳-洛宁断裂下降盘发育,反转强度具有自东向西逐渐减小并直到消失的趋势。负反转构造的出现不利于该区油气大规模运移聚集。  相似文献   

2.
塔里木盆地地震构造样式及其油气勘探意义   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
塔里木盆地的主要地震构造样式有;正花状构造,背冲断裂构造,扇状褶皱断裂构造,反转构造等。正花状构造受剪压应力作用,是最为有利的油气富集部位;背冲和状褶皱断裂构造主要受挤压应力作用,也是油气富集部位。反转构造则是挤压和拉张两种应用作用相叠加的结果,包括正反与负反转,前者有利勘探构造,后者是不利构造。  相似文献   

3.
准噶尔盆地北东向构造及其油气地质意义   总被引:9,自引:0,他引:9  
郑孟林  金之钧 《地球科学》2004,29(4):467-472
准噶尔盆地深、浅层构造存在差异, 通过地震、地质资料分析了准噶尔盆地发育在中、晚二叠世、三叠纪的北东向构造特征, 认为中、晚二叠世、三叠纪地层沉积受北东和北西向正断裂控制, 由北东向正断裂控制的沉积中心构成了雁列组合特征.地质力学和大地构造背景分析认为, 盆地形成期的北东向构造与边缘断裂的左旋走滑作用有关.北东向的逆冲断裂形成于或主要活动于三叠纪末的盆地挤压反转作用.成盆拉张和反转挤压作用都使得北东向构造成为有利的油气聚集带, 上叠盆地的披盖沉积对北东向油气聚集带的保存起到重要作用   相似文献   

4.
辽河东部凹陷由于潜在的油气资源和复杂的构造条件(郯庐断裂穿过此凹陷),走滑活动及其对构造圈闭的控制作用对于揭示郯庐断裂北段新生代的活动及渤海湾盆地的油气勘探有重要意义。以大平房地区为实例,根据地震、钻井和测井资料,揭示了大平房地区存在走滑构造活动的行迹,包括平面上的雁列构造及其对火山岩分布的影响,剖面上的负花状构造样式及断层倾向和背斜轴向沿构造走向的变化。发育的荣兴屯走滑断裂控制并改造大平房断背斜的构造格局,东营组二段沉积开始,致使地层反转,形成透镜状地层。荣兴屯走滑活动产生的构造圈闭具有纵向分段、平面分带的特征。  相似文献   

5.
塔里木盆地北部隆起负反转构造及其地质意义   总被引:24,自引:2,他引:22  
塔里木盆地北部隆起负反转构造带长达200km以上,宽10~30km,位于南天山山前库车前陆拗陷的前缘隆起部位。主要负反转构造类型包括大型负反转断裂、反转掀斜断块和“垒堑叠加型”反转构造。塔北隆起大型负反转断裂经历了早期冲断和后期反转过程(如轮台和牙哈断裂带),往往有基底层序卷入。平衡剖面分析结果揭示,反转构造的主反转期为白垩纪—第三纪,塔北隆起北部圈闭形成期和油气成藏期与主反转期相对应。塔北隆起负反转构造带形成机制受先存基底构造形迹或软弱带及前陆拗陷前缘隆起部位局部引张应力场控制。塔北隆起负反转构造的存在不仅决定了油气藏的形成与分布特征,而且对于揭示中国西北地区构造变形类型和变形方式具有重要的地质意义。  相似文献   

6.
孙永河  白鹿  付晓飞 《地球科学》2013,38(4):797-806
松辽盆地北部T2反射层断裂与中浅层油气的运聚成藏关系紧密,揭示T2反射层断裂密集带的成因机制对指导油气勘探至关重要.基于松辽盆地北部区域地震解释,从分析断裂发育特征着手,以断裂形成演化过程为主线,系统剖析了盆地演化不同阶段断裂的变形机制,揭示了T2反射层断裂密集带的形成机制及其对油气运聚成藏的指示作用.研究表明,T2反射层断裂密集带是在断陷演化基础上,在断陷期断裂先存构造、泉一二段塑性泥岩盖层水平拆离作用和近EW向拉张应力场的控制下形成的,全区以近SN向拉张机制伸展型密集带为主,NE向、NW向和近EW向斜拉机制调节型密集带和走滑调节型密集带零星分布.盆地反转期受断陷半地堑、基底深大断裂和左旋压扭变形场控制形成反转构造带的同时,反转构造带内的断裂密集带被逆时针旋转改造而定型,呈NW-NNW向展布为主.反转构造带内T2反射层NW-NNW向断裂密集带边部断裂和未反转区带内T2反射层近SN向断裂密集带边部断裂长期活动,与油气大量生排烃时期匹配,是中浅层油气运聚成藏的油源断层.  相似文献   

7.
贝尔凹陷构造演化及其对沉积和油气的控制作用   总被引:17,自引:3,他引:14  
贝尔凹陷是海拉尔盆地南部的一个次级凹陷,凹陷内蕴藏着丰富的油气资源,是海拉尔盆地重要的油气探区之一。贝尔凹陷经历了三期构造演化,形成了三期不同类型的原型盆地,自下而上分别为下部伸展断陷盆地、中部裂后热沉降盆地和上部构造反转盆地。复杂的构造演化形成了复杂的断裂系统,贝尔凹陷纵向上主要发育了两套断裂系统,分别是发育于下部断陷盆地的下部断裂系统和发育于中部热沉降盆地的上部走滑断裂系统,上部构造反转盆地内断裂不发育。复杂的构造样式对凹陷内沉积体系的配置也起着很重要的控制作用。本文从贝尔凹陷构造演化和构造特征研究出发,分析了沉积作用对构造活动的响应,初步探讨了贝尔凹陷构造对油气藏形成的控制作用。  相似文献   

8.
根据地震信息,尝试划分了轻微、中等及强烈等三种不同程度的正、负反转构造样式,以不同实例论述了这些构造样式的性质与演化模式。构造反转对油气聚集一般是有利的,但也有可能发生不利影响。正反转构造中,以中等正反转构造样式最有利于油气聚集,反转太强烈时,容易破坏圈闭结构;负反转构造中可常见风化壳储层,为油气储集创造有利条件。  相似文献   

9.
辽西凹陷辽西1号断裂体系特征及其控藏作用   总被引:2,自引:2,他引:0  
辽西凹陷是位于渤海海域东北部的一个新生代凹陷,勘探证实辽西南洼陡坡带发育受辽西1号断裂体系控制的断块圈闭,且各个断块油气富集程度具有差异性。通过对辽西凹陷南部辽西1号断裂及其派生断裂静态特征和动态演化分析,文章重点解析了不同类型断裂对油气成藏的控制作用。研究结果表明:辽西1号断裂体系包括辽西1号断裂及其派生调节断裂,两者分别具有"早断晚衰"和"中断晚衰"活动特征;东营期,辽西1号断裂"S"增弯段诱发陡坡带隆起效应及其调节断裂的发育,两者共同控制了挤压型构造圈闭的发育;调节断裂对油气运聚具有分段控制作用,调节断裂陡坡段具有压扭性质,断裂结构带相对致密,利于油气的封堵,调节断裂洼槽段具有拉张性质,断裂结构带相对疏松,利于油气运移;调节断裂压扭段与主走滑位移带夹角控制油气富集程度,夹角大小与油气富集程度呈负相关性。   相似文献   

10.
塔北隆起西部不同构造层构造样式及其成因关系   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
塔北隆起西部经历多期复杂的构造演化,形成了下中上三个构造层,即震旦系到古生界构造层、中生界—古近系构造层和新近系—第四纪构造层。下构造层发育逆冲断层、褶皱、走滑构造和岩浆底辟构造;中构造层发育负反转构造和正断层;上构造层英买力地区发育盐上逆冲断层构造,东部牙哈地区仍发育负反转构造。不同地区构造层之间的关系不同,牙哈地区中上构造层与下构造层的断裂发育具有很好的继承性:深层逆冲断裂由下向上扩展,控制浅层断裂走向、倾向及其运动性质,它们在浅层发育负反转构造、兼具走滑性质。英买力地区由于发育中寒武统及古近系两侧膏盐层,膏盐层的分隔造成构造层之间构造样式的不协调及其分层性特征。  相似文献   

11.
CSAMT 法在辽西康杖子区深部探矿中的应用   总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5  
于泽新 《地质与勘探》2009,45(5):600-605
可控源音频大地电磁法(CSAMT)具有探测深度大、横向分辨率高、抗干扰能力强的特点,在深部找矿勘探中有着重要的指导意义。肖家营子铜钼矿床是辽西地区一个大型矽卡岩型金属矿床,大部分矿体是隐伏矿体,矿区外围的康杖子区与本区有相似的成矿地质环境,成矿地质条件优越.矿体与围岩电性差异明显,通过应用CSAMT,矿体具有低电阻特点,根据成果推断解释,对深部有利成矿部位进行了钻探验证,取得了理想的探矿效果,在矿区外围取得第二深度空间找矿重大突破。  相似文献   

12.
13.
Julie Okpala 《GeoJournal》1990,20(1):37-43
This paper traces the development of geographic education in Nigeria and examines the views of geographers, other academics, students and the public at large about the importance of geography. Geography's value is immense despite the non-professional nature of the discipline. Nevertheless, there is a need to define geography's status and ensure career prospects for students. The Nigerian Geographical Association (from classroom teaachers to top geographers) must promote geography, improve its status in schools and universities, and continuously restructure its content and methods to address pertinent social needs.  相似文献   

14.
Trends in landslide occurrence in Nepal   总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2  
Nepal is a mountainous, less developed kingdom that straddles the boundary between the Indian and Himalayan tectonic plates. In Nepal, landslides represent a major constraint on development, causing high levels of economic loss and substantial numbers of fatalities each year. There is a general consensus that the impacts of landslides in countries such as Nepal are increasing with time, but until now there has been little or no quantitative data to support this view, or to explain the causes of the increases. In this paper, a database of landslide fatalities in Nepal has been compiled and analysed for the period 1978–2005. The database suggests that there is a high level of variability in the occurrence of landslides from year to year, but that the overall trend is upward. Analyses of the trends in the data suggest that there is a cyclicity in the occurrence of landslide fatalities that strongly mirrors the cyclicity observed in the SW (summer) monsoon in South Asia. Perhaps surprisingly the relationship is inverse, but this is explained through an inverse relationship between monsoon strength and the amount of precipitation in the Hill District areas of Nepal. It is also clear that in recent years the number of fatalities has increased dramatically over and above the effects of the monsoon cycle. Three explanations are explored for this: land-use change, the effects of the ongoing civil war in Nepal, and road building. It is concluded that a major component of the generally upward trend in landslide impact probably results from the rural road-building programme, and its attendant changes to physical and natural systems.  相似文献   

15.
通过对泰安市岱岳区花岗岩地区地下水的形成条件、地下水类型、分布状况、水文地质特征以及地下水补给、径流、排泄条件的分析,指出了花岗岩地区供水方向。  相似文献   

16.
Conclusions During the last ten years, aquaculture, especially mariculture has undergone remarkable expansion to counter-balance the gap between the supply and demand of fishery products in Japan. Its expansion has also been supported by the traditional preference of the Japanese people for seafood. Mariculture is now being forced to change its structure due to adverse economic circumstances such as the rise in the cost of energy, feeds and other materials for culture, low market prices, deterioration of environmental conditions, and many other factors. Before these constraints can be resolved, advanced scientific knowledge and technologies must be integrated to develop new types of aquaculture. Expansion of maricultural activities to more open-sea and off shore areas would be one route to follow. Technologies for the development of formulated diets not only for young but also for adults and larvae, establishment of feeding standards, prevention of epizootic diseases must support the establishment of modern aquaculture.The culture-based fisheries, or marine ranching, is becoming a subject for further development in Japan. Much research work has been conducted with a great degree of governmental support. Establishment of a net work of seedstock production farms has made it possible to carry out releasing experiments on a large scale. A newly integrated restoration system could be developed on the basis of these experiments, even though the profits resulting from the artificial restoration of stocks is not thouroughly verified at present. The commencement of a national scheme for culture-based fisheries would be a manifestation of the enthusiasm of the Japanese fish industry.  相似文献   

17.
2010年,美国铀矿总共施工7 209个钻孔,总进尺1 493 520 m;生产铀1 628.55 t;铀矿业总支出费用为2.773亿美元,其中铀矿地勘费支出为3 450万美元,占铀矿业总费用的12.44%。铀矿地勘钻探费用为4 460万美元,占铀矿业总费用的16.08%。  相似文献   

18.
硫代砷是富硫化物地下水中砷的重要形态,对环境和人类健康有潜在威胁。目前硫代砷研究程度尚低,本次主要针对国内外地下水(地热水)中硫代砷的存在形态,水文—生物—环境地球化学过程,样品保存,定量检测方法等方面进行研究。结论如下:pH, 氧化还原电位,硫化物含量和微生物作用等是影响地下水中硫代砷稳定存在和形态分布的重要因素。含铁矿物能与水中的硫代砷形成配位键对其进行吸附,吸附性普遍弱于(亚)砷酸盐,因此,地下水中硫代砷可能表现出更强的迁移性。用于硫代砷检测的自然水样在采集中可采取过滤,速冻,厌氧和低温短期保存的操作流程,以减缓该形态的转化甚至消失。色谱联用ICP-MS系统可用于自然水样中硫代砷的分离定量检测,紫外—可见分光光度法和X射线吸收光谱法在不同场景下也可对硫代砷进行定量和表征分析。地热水和浅层地下水中均可能存在硫代砷,由于水样中硫代砷的不稳定性,室内检测和分析难以准确反映现场过程,因此,野外样品保存技术和现场检测方法的更新可能在未来有更大研究空间,值得进一步探索。  相似文献   

19.
内蒙古苏尼特地下水氟污染形成机理研究   总被引:4,自引:1,他引:3  
为了研究内蒙古苏尼特地区地下水氟污染机理,本文运用水文地球化学分类方法,从水文地质、水化学特征两方面研究其地下水的水质特征、氟的起源、分布规律及污染形成机理。研究结果发现:高氟地下水的主要水质类型为HCO3—Na型,pH值在7.08~9.38之间,氟浓度与井深有关,即井越浅,氟浓度越高;地下水中氟浓度最高达14.78mg/L,5~9月地下水氟浓度相对增长率在7.8~23.1之间;F-浓度与Li+、Br-相关系数达0.89和0.82,受断层影响的深层地下水中F-浓度几乎与Li+、Br-没有相关关系,这暗示着氟来源于浅部,并受到强烈的蒸发作用影响而使水中的氟浓缩;地质调查发现该地区还有数个萤石矿存在,显微镜分析结果证实表层土壤中普遍存在CaF2,地下水中的氟来自CaF2。高氟地下水存在于潜水层,深部含水层的地下水可供开采。从断层带涌出的水对潜水层有稀释作用。  相似文献   

20.
Radon is a radioactive gas emanating naturally from uranium rich granites and shales. It may be emitted from the ground surface into the atmosphere as a gas, or it may be dissolved into stream water and transported over distance. The levels of radon gas in soils at ground surface depend on a number of factors relating to the source of the gas and to its transmission. Igneous rocks contain the highest mean concentrations of radium and uranium. The depth of cover is relevant also. Surveys over the years by the National Radiological Protection Board (NRPB) and others have indicated that the highest concentrations in the United Kingdom occur in Cornwall, Devon and northeast Scotland. However, recent reports have indicated that high concentrations of the gas may be detected in small pockets in counties outside of those considered at high risk. This survey relates to a series of measurements taken in and around Darlington, County Durham. The results showed the presence of small areas with strong concentrations of radon in soil gas, but only minor levels of dissolved gas in stream waters.  相似文献   

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