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水是经济发展和社会进步的生命线,研究地下水资源赋存规律,计算地下水资源量,对于地下水可持续开发利用及水环境保护具有重要意义。峄城东郊水源地上部为第四系粘性土,下部为奥陶系马家沟组石灰岩,马家沟组石灰岩是主要含水岩层,地下水运动受到峄城断裂、吴林断裂、泥沟断裂和肖桥断裂的影响。根据水源地地下水特征建立均衡方程式,经计算水源地地下水补给量为1.58×10~4m~3/d、排泄量为7.91×10~3m~3/d,当地下水位降深20 m时静储量为1.06×10~7m~3、弹性储量为8.80×10~4m~3。 相似文献
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结合甘肃省民勤红沙岗矿区疏干水利用实例,基于Visal Modflow4.1软件对矿区第四系疏干水可利用量进行了数值模拟计算,并对矿区第四系松散岩类孔隙水的补给及储量进行了研究。研究结果表明:矿区第四系松散岩类孔隙水天然补给源为沟谷雨洪水入渗量和基岩裂隙水的侧向流入量之和98.41×10~4m~3/a(2 696.16 m~3/d),其储存量为2 798.45×10~4 m~3;设计矿区疏干水开采时间为30年、40年及50年时,与其对应第四系可利用疏干水量分别为281.98×10~4m~3/a(7 725.48 m~3/d)、225.32×10~4m~3/a(6 173.15 m~3/d)和183.55×10~4m~3/a(5 028.77 m~3/d),矿区疏干水不能满足计划用水量600.00×10~4 m~3/a,需寻找新的供水水源;计算结果较真实地反映了矿区疏干水储量,具有较好的实用性;所建模型为其它类似矿区疏干水可利用量的计算提供了借鉴。 相似文献
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水资源是保障区域发展的重要因素,是维持生态环境的关键要素。保定平原区作为京津冀地区的重要区域,其水资源承载能力对于区域生态和社会经济发展具有重要意义。本文以生态优先为基本理念,基于不同供水来源与不同用水类型的供给与利用关系,采用定额计算和线性加权目标规划相结合的方法,对保定平原区水资源承载力进行分源评价,并与地方规划相对比,进行了水资源承载力分级。结果表明:在保证生态需水和农业灌溉用水的基础上,保定平原区在持续枯水年条件下城镇生活和工业生产2025年可提供水量为4.63×10~8m~3、水量缺口0.52×10~8m~3,2030年可提供水量为6.96×10~8m~3、水量缺口0.56×10~8m~3;持续平水年条件下,城镇生活和工业生产2025年可提供水量为5.81×10~8m~3、水量盈余0.66×10~8m~3;2030年可提供水量为8.14×10~8m~3、水量盈余0.62×10~8m~3。该项研究旨在为保定平原地区发展规划制定提供科学依据。 相似文献
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《地下水》2019,(6)
地下水过量开采已经引起新疆博州平原区地下水位持续下降,降落漏斗逐年扩大,艾比湖湿地萎缩以及一系列环境问题。在分析平原区水文地质条件的基础上,建立了博州平原区水文地质概念模型和地下水流数学模型。进一步利用Processing Modflow建立了平原区地下水数值模拟模型,并利用地下水位长期监测资料对模型参数进行了识别验证,使模型具有较好的模拟仿真度。利用识别后的模型预测了在两种开采方案下,研究区地下水位变化情况,结果可知:在地下水均衡分析的基础上, 2014年博州平原区地下水补给资源量为58 775×10~4 m~3/a,若维持现状开采,地下水水位将持续下降,形成更大的降落漏斗;提出将地下水开采量减少到40 000×10~4 m~3/a,可作为博州平原区适宜的地下水开采量,有助于区域地下水位得到逐渐恢复。 相似文献
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为解决三塘湖采油厂马56区块生产生活用水的问题。本文在对研究区水文地质详查的基础上,分析区内水文地质条件,查明区内含水层特征分布及供水的可行性。研究结果表明:研究区内地下水补给资源量为427×10~4m~3/a,储存量为2.86×10~4m~3/a。按0.65可开采系数计,有278×10~4m~3/a的可开采资源量,甲方后期地下水开采量约为2 500 m~3/d,约占计算区地下水允许开采量的15.4%。因此,研究区内地下水在水利工程实施前后,地下水补给源稳定,可开采资源量保证程度较高,且储存量可以做为调节量,具有一定的开采潜力。 相似文献
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《地下水》2021,(2)
基于新疆生产建设兵团第6师北塔山牧场大石头洼地区的自然地理、气象、水文、水资源、地下水补给、径流、排泄等水文地质条件,从大石头洼地地形地貌、储水空间、地下水的赋存与分布规律和圈闭性角度,对大石头地下水库成库条件的可行性进行论证研究,并在考虑区域水文特征条件下,选取库区面积为23.5 km~2,对地下水库的库容进行分析计算,研究结果表明:大石头洼地地下水库边界几近于封闭,内部地下水径流条件比较好,赋水体砂卵砾石层具有一定厚度,地下水位埋藏较深,储水空间充足,在下游末端小沟出口处,含水层较薄,渗透性一般,成库条件很好,非常适宜修建无坝地下水库;大石头地下水库最小库容理论值为1 234×10~4m~3,最大库容理论值为2115×10~4m~3,调蓄库容理论值为881×10~4m~3。大石头地下水库未来作为北塔山牧场重要的供水水源地对区域供水保障及水资源合理配置具有重要意义。 相似文献
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为摸清河南濮阳市傍河水源地浅层地下水资源状况,对地下水资源总量进行计算和评价。结果表明,利用水均衡法计算区内地下水补给量为6.122×10~4m~3/d,排泄量为6.126×10~4m~3/d,排泄量略大于补给量,均衡差为0.004×10~4m~3/d,计算水位与实测水位基本接近,表明计算所选参数比较合理,计算的补给量和排泄量比较可靠;采用数值法计算和评价新增水源地允许开采量,水源地地下水补给量与排泄量基本平衡,水位达到稳定状态,水位降深在约定范围之内,说明水源地设计新增1.6×10~4m~3/d是可靠的。 相似文献
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松花江—辽河流域(简称松辽流域)是中国重要的商品粮基地,地下水资源对维护中国粮食安全具有重要作用。2019年松辽流域地下水资源量为797.31×10~8m~3/a,地下水开发利用量为276.4×10~8m~3。松辽流域地下水面临着水资源局部短缺,局部水位持续下降,"三氮"污染加剧,以及湿地萎缩、土地荒漠化、盐渍化等资源、环境与生态问题。本文对这些问题进行驱动因素分析,主要是气温升高导致水稻适宜区扩大,土地利用方式改变,耕地面积特别是水田面积大幅增加,造成地下水过量开采、地下水面源污染加剧;水库的大量修建加剧干旱缺水地区河道径流减少,地下水补给来源不足,造成地下水供水能力下降,地下水位下降。针对这些问题,提出了加强水资源调查监测,开展水资源合理配置研究,实行地表水和地下水联合调度;加强水资源管理制度建设,强化制度刚性约束;调整农业种植结构,推进节水灌溉,提高水资源利用效率等建议措施。 相似文献
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东濮凹陷北部沙三中亚段广泛发育盐岩和烃源岩,这两个看似不能共存的物质却在这里互层共生。该时期研究区沉积特征为多盐韵律与多层烃源岩互层共生、连续沉积,单个盐韵律厚度从几米到十几米,烃源岩有机质丰度高、类型好。平面上,两者在湖盆沉积沉降中心共生;垂向上,高有机质丰度、好干酪根类型与高盐度地层具有较好的对应关系。因而成为恢复古气候和古环境的重要研究对象。通过岩石学、古生物学以及Sr/Ba、B/Ga、(V+Ni+Mn)、Fe/Mn、Sr/Cu、Mg/Ca、V/(V+Ni)、稀土元素含量和氯同位素等方法对凹陷北部沙三中亚段的沉积环境进行研究。结果表明,凹陷北部沙三中亚段为深水沉积的还原环境,古盐度较高,达到半咸水-咸水沉积;微量元素和孢粉化石特征表明研究区沙三中亚段为温暖潮湿的环境。 相似文献
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The Importance of the Precipitation and the Susceptibility of the Slopes for the Triggering of Landslides Along the Roads 总被引：3，自引：1，他引：2
Clemente Irigaray Francisco Lamas Rachid El Hamdouni Tomás Fernández José Chacón 《Natural Hazards》2000,21(1):65-81
In order to characterise the influence of the heavyrains on the observed landslides during the 1996–1997hydrological cycle, rainfall records for the last 100years are analysed from 104 stations in easternAndalusia. Regarding the amounts of rain recordedbetween October 1996 and March 1997 in the 104stations studied, 31 presented new all-time records;15 presented values that were 80–100% of thepre-1995 record; 49 stations, 80–50%; and 9stations, < 50%. A map has been devised of thesusceptibility of the materials through which thesouth-eastern Andalusian road network crosses,together with an inventory of the damage caused byinstability phenomena on banks and cuttings of theroad network during the winter of 1996–1997. Therelationships between the rainfall during the studyperiod, the damage caused to the road network and thesusceptibility of the materials affected are analysed.The results indicate that there is a clearcorrespondence between the rainfall recorded and thesusceptibility of the materials with the inventorieddamage. It is concluded that the widespread seriousdamage caused in early 1997 to the roads andsurrounding areas in the Alpujarra region and thecoast of the Province of Granada was mainly caused bythe extraordinarily heavy rains. However, considerablyless damage was observed where the susceptibility ofthe terrain is low, thus highlighting the extremeusefulness of terrain-susceptibility maps for riskprevention and territorial planning. 相似文献
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郯庐断裂南段研究进展与断裂性质讨论 总被引：13，自引：3，他引：13
据1：5万区域地质调查和专题研究资料，就郯庐断裂带是否南延与消失的原因，其与大别—苏鲁造山带交截形成的假位错效应，以及与中新生代沉积盆地形成演化的关系等作了新的阐述。在此基础上，讨论了郯庐断裂带是否为巨大的左行平移断层或转换断层。认为郯庐断裂带可能是在“古郯庐带”的基础上于早侏罗世重新活动、白垩纪强烈活动的地堑型枢纽断裂带。 相似文献
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Guboglo M. N. 《GeoJournal》1980,4(1):53-58
International unity is becoming ever stronger in this country owing to an increasing similarity in the development of the cultural environment. This comprises the provision of all the country's republics with a sufficient number of schools, theatres, and other institutions and cultural information media in accordance with the needs of the population. An important part is played by the rise in ‘the general educational level, as well as the level of professional qualifications and skills. Among all the Soviet nations and nationalities, this rise being more rapid among formerly backward peoples. Prominent among the factors of internationalization is the progressive development of the nationalities’ cultural resources, while professional culture is being increasingly brought within the reach of the masses.The implementation of the nationalities policy promotes the all-round development of all Soviet nations and nationalities, their drawing together, the upsurge of the individual capabilities of every Soviet citizen. 相似文献
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某高速公路下伏煤矿采空区稳定性分析 总被引：10，自引：0，他引：10
在论述某高速公路下伏砦脖煤矿采空区地质、采矿和工程地质特征的基础上, 进行了稳定性数值模拟分析, 定性与定量地分析与评价了该煤矿采空区的地表变形特征及稳定性。研究结果表明: 该煤矿采空区的变形尚未完成, 对拟建的高速公路将产生很大的危害, 必须采取相应的工程治理措施。 相似文献
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Dean S. Oliver 《Mathematical Geology》1998,30(7):911-933
In reservoir characterization, the covariance is often used to describe the spatial correlation and variation in rock properties or the uncertainty in rock properties. The inverse of the covariance, on the other hand, is seldom discussed in geostatistics. In this paper, I show that the inverse is required for simulation and estimation of Gaussian random fields, and that it can be identified with the differential operator in regularized inverse theory. Unfortunately, because the covariance matrix for parameters in reservoir models can be extremely large, calculation of the inverse can be a problem. In this paper, I discuss four methods of calculating the inverse of the covariance, two of which are analytical, and two of which are purely numerical. By taking advantage of the assumed stationarity of the covariance, none of the methods require inversion of the full covariance matrix. 相似文献
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Jiayu Rong Michael Melchin S. Henry Williams Tatyana N. Koren Jacques Verniers 《《幕》》2008,31(3):315-318
The Global Stratotype Section and Point （GSSP） for the base of the Silurian System was defined in 1985. Since that time, a number of researchers have suggested that this section has serious deficiencies for use as a GSSP. As a result, in 2000, the Subcommission on Silurian Stratigraphy （SSS） proposed undertaking a formal restu@ of this GSSP, which was subsequently approved by the International Commission of Stratigraphy （ICS）. The result of this restudy was the formal proposal that the current GSSP, at 1.6 m above the base of the Birkhill Shale, at Dob＇s Linn, Scotland, should be maintained as the same locality and stratigraphic level, but the bios- tratigraphical definition of the boundary should be revised. The previously defined, basal Silurian grapto- lite zone, the Parakidograptus acuminatus Zone, should be subdivided into a lower Akidograptus ascensus Zone and a higher E acuminatus Zone. The base of the A. ascensus Zone, marked by the first appearance of A. ascensus, should be regarded as the biostratigraphic mark for the base of the Silurian. This proposal has now been formally approved by the SSS and ICS, and ratified by International Union of Geological Sciences. This is the first GSSP to undergo formal restudy and redefini- tion, and the proposal also included a recommended procedure for restudy of GSSPs. 相似文献
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Deviation of the major axis of the inertia ellipsoid of the Moon from the direction toward the Earth
B. P. Kondratyev 《Astronomy Reports》2017,61(8):709-714
It is known from observations that the center of mass of the Moon does not coincide with the geometric center of its figure, and the line connecting these two centers is not aligned with the direction toward the center of the Earth, instead deviating toward the Southeast. This stationary deviation of the axis of the inertia ellipsoid of the Moon to the South of the direction toward the Earth is analyzed. A system of five linear differential equations describing the physical libration of the Moon in latitude is considered, and these equations are derived using a new vector method taking into account perturbations from the Earth and partly from the Sun. The characteristic equation of this system is obtained, and all five oscillation frequencies are found. Special attention is paid to the fifth (zero) frequency, for which the solution of the latitude libration equations are stationary and represents a previously unknown additional motion of the rotational axis of theMoon in a cone with a small opening angle. In contrast to the astronomical precession of the Earth, the rotation of the angular-velocity vector is in the positive direction (counter-clockwise), with the period T 3 = 27.32 days. On this basis, this phenomenon has been named “quasi-precession.” This quasi-precession leads to a stationary inclination of the major axis of the inertia ellipsoid of theMoon to the South (for an observer on Earth), making it possible to explain one component of the observed deviation of the center of mass of the Moon from the direction toward the Earth. The opening angle of the quasiprecession cone is approximately 0.834″. 相似文献
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Important tendencies in development of the world mineral-resources sector at the beginning of the 21st century were an increase in production and consumption of mineral materials differentiated by types of metals and nonmetallic mineral raw materials, by countries and regions, as well as the concentration of the production of mineral raw materials in a small number of countries, and a reduction in industrial reserves of minerals in the world economy, even at the current stage of their extraction. These tendencies should be taken into account in working out a strategy for development of the Russian mineral raw-material base. 相似文献