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1.
那陵郭勒河中游位于东昆仑西段祁漫塔格地区,分布着大量的花岗岩。对该地区晚三叠世侵入岩的研究有助于认识东昆仑造山带印支期构造-岩浆演化历史。对研究区内花岗岩进行了岩石学、年代学及岩石地球化学分析。分析结果表明,研究区花岗闪长岩和二长花岗斑岩锆石LA-ICP-MS U-Pb年龄分别为(225.7±1)Ma、(213.74±1)Ma,为晚三叠世岩浆活动产物。岩石地球化学分析结果显示,该地区晚三叠世侵入岩属高钾钙碱性系列,饱和铝指数显示为偏铝质到过铝质,富集Rb、Th、K等大离子亲石元素和轻稀土元素,明显亏损Nb、P、Ti等高场强元素。花岗岩具有I型花岗岩特征,具有板块俯冲阶段的特征。通过分析认为岩浆岩形成于板块碰撞前的火山弧环境中。 相似文献
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柴达木盆地西北缘石英闪长岩Al2O3含量较高,全碱(Alk)含量较低,Na2OK2O,铝饱和指数A/CNK为0.87~0.91,属钙碱性准铝质岩石系列。球粒陨石标准化的稀土元素配分曲线表现为轻稀土元素富集型,轻、重稀土元素分馏明显,Eu弱负异常;微量元素地球化学特征显示,岩石富集Rb、Th、U等大离子亲石元素,亏损Nb、Ta、P、Ti等高场强元素,Nb/La和Rb/Nb比值较低,具有I型花岗岩的特征。石英闪长岩Ca O/Na2O比值较高(2.32~2.64),结合源岩判别图解综合推断其源于变玄武岩的部分熔融。全岩Zr饱和温度计算结果显示初始岩浆温度768℃;岩石地球化学特征表明岩浆源区压力1.5 Ga,源岩部分熔融的残留相可能为石榴子石+角闪石+金红石。经过锆石阴极发光分析和MC-LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb测年,获得206Pb/238Pb加权平均年龄为252±1 Ma,代表了柴达木盆地西北缘石英闪长岩的成岩年龄。结合区域地质演化特征,认为该岩体形成于与板块俯冲有关的火山弧构造环境,是晚二叠世末期宗务隆洋壳向柴北缘欧龙布鲁克地块俯冲,变玄武岩在相对较高的温压条件下发生部分熔融形成的。 相似文献
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广东三岗山二长花岗岩体形成时代、地球化学特征及地质意义 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
为探讨广东三岗山二长花岗岩体的形成年代及地球化学特征,对该岩体进行了 LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb同位素年龄及主、微量元素和稀土元素分析.结果显示,中粗粒黑云母二长花岗岩和细粒斑状黑云母二长花岗岩的成岩年龄分别为(96.2±1.3)Ma和(99.5±1.2)Ma,为晚白垩世.二者均具有富硅、K＞Na、准铝质-弱过铝质、低钙、低镁、较贫铁等特征;二者均明显富集大离子亲石元素(Rb、Th、U),强烈亏损元素Ba、Sr、Ti、P,略有亏损Nb;二者稀土元素总量较低-中等,中粗粒黑云母二长花岗岩稀土总量相对较高,轻重稀土分馏较为明显,稀土配分曲线总体呈较陡的右倾式"V"型,具有中等-弱的负Eu异常(δEu为0.64～0.77).岩石学与地球化学特征表明,二者均为准铝质-弱过铝质的Ⅰ型花岗岩,为壳幔混合成因.构造图解反映三岗山岩体形成于火山弧花岗岩环境,推断其与太平洋板块俯冲引起的弧岩浆作用有关,该岩体可能形成于太平洋板块俯冲和后缘拉张导致的伸展构造环境. 相似文献
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《矿产与地质》2019,(4)
香林香达铜矿区位于华北大陆北缘白乃庙弧中部。以矿区内广泛分布的含矿火山-侵入杂岩为研究对象,从野外地质特征、岩石学特征、岩石地球化学特征以及锆石U-Pb年龄等方面对岩石成因、构造环境、形成时代以及接触关系进行了系统的探讨。研究结果表明:香林香达矿区含矿黑云母石英闪长岩锆石U-Pb年龄为(250.9±2.1)Ma,与安山质火山-沉积岩呈侵入接触关系。岩石属钙碱性-高钾钙碱性系列,具准铝质、低K高Na等特征;稀土元素配分模式表现为轻稀土富集型的右倾曲线,具弱的负Eu异常;微量元素特征显示富集大离子亲石元素Rb、Ba、K,亏损高场强元素Nb、Ta、P、Ti。香林香达矿区火山-侵入杂岩地球化学特征表明,原始岩浆应来源于受俯冲洋壳流体交代的楔形地幔区,在喷发与侵入过程中,混染了地壳物质,具有壳幔混源成因特征,形成于洋壳俯冲火山弧构造环境。 相似文献
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《地质通报》2020,(Z1)
对位于兴安地块的德勒哈达岩体进行了LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb定年、岩石地球化学特征研究,探讨岩石成因及地质意义。岩体由细粒斑状二长花岗岩、细中粒二长花岗岩2种岩性组成,锆石U-Pb定年结果分别为141.2±1.6 Ma和134.0±1.9M a,显示岩体为早白垩世岩浆活动的产物。二者的地球化学特征相似,显示高硅、高分异指数、富钾、(弱)过铝质的特点,均富集Rb、Th、K等大离子亲石元素(LILE)及轻稀土元素(LREE),强烈亏损Ba、Sr、P、Ti元素,为高钾钙碱性系列的高分异I型花岗岩;具明显的壳源岩浆的特征。综合分析岩体形成于碰撞后的伸展环境,是古太平洋板块俯冲过程的岩浆记录。 相似文献
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内蒙古大青山地区哈拉合少岩体特征及成因 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
通过对大青山哈拉合少岩体基本地质特征研究,包括岩石矿物学特征、岩石化学和地球化学特征、同位素年代分析等,对岩体形成时代和形成构造环境有了一些认识:锆石U-Pb等时线测年分析结果表明,206Pb/238U表面年龄计权重平均值为261.1 Ma±0.5 Ma,代表哈拉合少岩体侵位时代;岩石化学分析结果和岩石学特征表明,该岩体为I型与S型混合成因花岗岩,主要由壳源物质重熔形成。根据地球化学分析结果,结合形成的构造背景,认为该岩体是在西伯利亚板块向南俯冲与华北板块北缘碰撞晚期的应力松驰阶段形成的,属造山期同碰撞花岗岩。 相似文献
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藏北羌塘泛非和印支事件的记录:来自俄久卖变质杂岩地球化学与锆石U-Pb年代学的证据 总被引：3，自引：2，他引：1
藏北羌塘盆地大地构造属性是长期争议的议题,深入研究有助于对该问题的探讨。俄久卖杂岩体产出于羌塘盆地中央隆起带北缘,包括夕线石片麻岩和片麻状花岗岩,以及侵位于其中的淡色花岗岩脉。在中央隆起北侧,高级变质岩仅发现于俄久卖杂岩体内。因此,该杂岩为研究羌塘盆地构造演化的重要窗口。在区域地质调查的基础上,本文重点对片麻状花岗岩和淡色花岗岩开展了岩石学、锆石U-Pb年代学与地球化学研究。其中,片麻状花岗岩加权平均年龄为476.6±4.8Ma,且岩石中大离子亲石元素Rb、Ba、Th和Pb相对富集,高场强元素Nb、Ta、Ti和P较亏损,显示弧火山岩的地球化学特征。淡色花岗岩中的锆石呈明显的核-幔-边环带结构,其核部测得年龄介于2052±25Ma~541±8Ma之间,幔部加权平均年龄为463.7±7.5Ma,边部内侧为214.6±2Ma,边部外侧为189.4±1.1Ma。地球化学特征表明该淡色花岗岩形成于典型的同碰撞构造环境。综合研究表明,俄久卖杂岩体包括早古生代泛非晚期岩浆事件产物(~470Ma),且在印支运动期遭受深埋作用并发生部分熔融,分别形成了~214Ma和~189Ma的淡色花岗岩。因此,羌塘盆地内泛非时期的地质记录可延伸至中央隆起带北缘。 相似文献
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对鄂尔多斯盆地石油氯仿沥青的稀土元素地球化学特征研究表明,石油氯仿沥青的稀土元素球粒陨石标准化曲线具有三种明显不同的稀土模式,分别与幔源型花岗岩、后太古代页岩和上地壳沉积岩特征相似,反映了石油沥青与这些岩石具有某种成因联系。其中,位于基底断裂带和构造热活动相对强烈的区域的石油沥青,其稀土模式与幔源型花岗岩、后太古代页岩特征相似,显示这些沥青在运移过程中可能与深部岩石有过相互作用,抑或有深部流体物质的直接加入;在基底断裂不发育且构造稳定的区域原油沥青,其稀土模式具有与上地壳沉积岩相似的特征。由此反映了不同构造位置的原油沥青其物质成分的来源不同,尤其是沥青在运移过程中不断萃取不同深度的物质或有深部流体物质的直接加入,导致石油沥青的稀土元素地球化学特征的复杂性和多样性。 相似文献
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辽北清原地区位于华北板块北缘东段,是研究古太平洋构造域的典型地区之一.研究区中生代岩浆岩的成因及构造背景对认识古太平洋构造域的演化具有重要意义.本次研究对清原夏家堡地区辉长苏长岩、石英闪长岩和花岗闪长岩进行了锆石U-Pb年代学和岩石地球化学分析.锆石U-Pb测年结果表明,辉长苏长岩形成于中侏罗世晚期（（163.8±2.4）Ma）,石英闪长岩形成于中侏罗世中期（（169.9±2.2）Ma）,花岗闪长岩形成于中侏罗世中期（169.9～167.3 Ma）.岩石地球化学特征上,辉长苏长岩和石英闪长岩属于钙碱性系列岩石,具有低硅、富铝、高镁及较高的Mg#,弱富集轻稀土元素（LREEs）,富集Rb、Ba、K、Sr等大离子亲石元素（LILEs）,亏损Nb、Ta等高场强元素（HFSEs）,Eu呈微弱的正异常或无异常;花岗闪长岩具有较高的硅、铝和全碱含量,具有高钾钙碱性I型花岗岩地球化学特征,Sr/Yb值较高,Eu具弱的负异常,富集LREEs和LILEs(Rb、K、Ba等),亏损HFSEs(Nb、Ta等).上述地球化学特征表明辉长苏长岩和石英闪长岩的原始岩浆应起源于受俯冲板片析出流体所交代的岩石圈地幔部... 相似文献
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大兴安岭北段雅尔根楚I型花岗岩年代学、岩石地球化学及其地球动力学意义 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
对内蒙古大兴安岭北段雅尔根楚花岗岩岩体岩相学研究表明,该花岗岩岩体主要岩性组合为正长花岗岩和花岗质糜棱岩,应用锆石U-Pb LA-ICP-MS测年方法,测得的3组年龄为226.8±2.2Ma、230.2±1.3Ma和233.6±1.5Ma,表明其岩体侵位时代为晚三叠世.岩石主量元素(XRF)具有富硅、富钾的特征,A/CNK值为0.81～1.10,显示铝弱饱和,相对富集轻稀土元素、亏损重稀土元素,具有Eu负异常,微量元素相对富集大离子亲石元素,亏损高场强元素,显示岛弧性质的花岗岩特征,微量元素特征显示其为Ⅰ型花岗岩.经过综合研究认为该Ⅰ型花岗岩可能是在整个伸展环境下,岩石圈地幔压力降低导致地幔上涌,残余的洋壳熔融提供流体注入,从而该岩体发生侵位. 相似文献
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S. Viswanathan K. Surya Prakash Rao B. Mahabaleswar 《Journal of the Geological Society of India》2013,82(6):621-627
Komatiites are mantle-derived ultramafic volcanic rocks. Komatiites have been discovered in several States of India, notably in Karnataka. Studies on the distribution of trace-elements in the komatiites of India are very few. This paper proposes a simple, accurate, precise, rapid, and non-destructive wavelength-dispersive x-ray fluorescence (WDXRF) spectrometric technique for determining Sc, V, Cr, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, Rb, Sr, Y, Zr, Nb, Ba, Pb, and Th in komatiites, and discusses the accuracy, precision, limits of detection, x-ray spectral-line interferences, inter-element effects, speed, advantages, and limitations of the technique. The accuracy of the technique is excellent (within 3%) for Sc, V, Cr, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, Rb, Sr, Zr, Nb, Ba, Pb, and Th and very good (within 4%) for Y. The precision is also excellent (within 3%) for Sc, V, Cr, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, Rb, Sr, Y, Zr, Nb, Ba, Pb, and Th. The limits of detection are: 1 ppm for Sc and V; 2 ppm for Cr, Co, and Ni; 3 ppm for Cu, Zn, Rb, and Sr; 4 ppm for Y and Zr; 6 ppm for Nb; 10 ppm for Ba; 13 ppm for Pb; and 14 ppm for Th. The time taken for determining Sc, V, Cr, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, Rb, Sr, Y, Zr, Nb, Ba, Pb, and Th in a batch of 24 samples of komatiites, for a replication of four analyses per sample, by one operator, using a manual WDXRF spectrometer, is only 60 hours. 相似文献
12.
E. M. Prasolov S. A. Sergeev B. V. Belyatsky E. S. Bogomolov K. A. Gruzdov I. N. Kapitonov R. Sh. Krymsky V. O. Khalenev 《Geochemistry International》2018,56(1):46-64
This paper reports the first results of a study of 11 isotope systems (3He/4He, 40Ar/36Ar, 34S/32S, 65Cu/63Cu, 62Ni/60Ni, 87Sr/86Sr, 143Nd/144Nd, 206–208Pb/204Pb, Hf–Nd, U–Pb, and Re–Os) in the rocks and ores of the Cu–Ni–PGE deposits of the Norilsk ore district. Almost all the results were obtained at the Center of Isotopic Research of the Karpinskii All-Russia Research Institute of Geology. The use of a number of independent genetic isotopic signatures and comprehensive isotopic knowledge provided a methodic basis for the interpretation of approximately 5000 isotopic analyses of various elements. The presence of materials from two sources, crust and mantle, was detected in the composition of the rocks and ores. The contribution of the crustal source is especially significant in the paleofluids (gas–liquid microinclusions) of the ore-forming medium. Crustal solutions were probably a transport medium during ore formation. Air argon is dominant in the ores, which indicates a connection between the paleofluids and the atmosphere. This suggests intense groundwater circulation during the crystallization of ore minerals. The age of the rocks and ores of the Norilsk deposits was determined. The stage of orebody formation is restricted to a narrow age interval of 250 ± 10 Ma. An isotopic criterion was proposed for the ore-bearing potential of mafic intrusions in the Norilsk–Taimyr region. It includes several interrelated isotopic ratios of various elements: He, Ar, S, and others. 相似文献
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奥地利安东帕有限公司 《岩矿测试》2009,28(3):306-306
最新的流行病学研究表明,空气中较高浓度的悬浮细颗粒可能对人类的健康有不利的影响。根据该项研究显示,由于心脏病、慢性呼吸问题和肺功能指标恶化而导致死亡率的升高与细尘粒子有关。这些研究结果已经促使欧盟于1999年4月出台了限制空气中二氧化硫、二氧化氮、氧化氮、铅和颗粒物含量的法案(1999/30/EC),对各项指标包括对可吸入PM10颗粒的浓度提出了新的限制性指标。PM10颗粒是指可以通过预分级器分离采集的气体动力学直径小于10μm的细颗粒。目前研究的兴趣重点逐步偏向PM2.5这些更细微颗粒物,PM2.5这种颗粒物对健康有明显的不利影响。在欧盟指令2008/50/EC中,对PM10和PM2.5都提 相似文献
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Mining induced subsidence can significantly affect mining costs where major surface facilities and natural environment need to be protected. Overburden grout injection is a technology used to control coal mine subsidence by injecting the mine waste material extracted from the coal back into the inter-burden rock during longwall mining. The flowing slurry is here categorised as a nonlinear viscous cohesive (Bingham plastic) fluid. During longwall mining the grout slurry is pumped into the separated beds of the rock mass through a central vertical borehole, which is drilled deep into the inter-burden rock strata above the coal seam. However, a blockage can occur in the injection system when the slurry velocity falls below a certain critical threshold velocity, indicating a material phase change from cohesive-viscous to cohesive-frictional. In situ field injection tests through boreholes have been simulated at a smaller scale at the CSIRO laboratory in Brisbane by pumping the slurry through a radial disk (gap = 4 mm) from its centre. Laboratory experiments indicate a general, nonlinear, cohesive, viscous, frictional model for shear behaviour of the slurry, in which the material shear parameters are functions of the disk radial distance. Complete dimensional and dimensionless analytical solutions have been developed based on an approach related to Bingham–Herschel–Bulkley fluid mechanics. The derived formulae include relations for minimum pump pressure, local pressure and pressure gradient, wall shear stress, volume rate, velocity and velocity gradient. The theoretical results match the experimental measurements. The experiments covered slurries with maximum particle sizes of 0.5 to 2 mm with about 50% being larger than 100 µm. The viscosities at the various solids concentrations were measured with a standard torsion viscometer. This study differs from the previous research in several distinct aspects, namely, consideration of the variable shear parameters rather than fixed values, inclusion of total nonlinear behaviour, and implementation of a friction function to mimic behaviour of the deposited and consolidating stiff slurry, which can cause a significant pressure rise as a result of the increased shear resistance. 相似文献
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Alexander E. C. Broberg J. S. Kehren A. R. Graziani M. M. Turri W. L. 《Environmental Geology》1993,22(4):353-361
Bellechester, Minnesota, is a small community of approximately 155 residents located on the county line between Goodhue and Wabasha counties in southeast Minnesota's karst region. Bellechester is served by a 21-year-old wastewater treatment facility (WWTF) consisting of three waste-stabilization ponds. On 28 April 1992 six sinkholes were discovered to have drained cell 2 of the WWTF resulting in the loss of approximately 8.7×106 1 of partially treated effluent and about 600 m3 of soil into previously undetected subsurface voids of unknown dimensions. In the week following the collapse, approximately 200 water wells located within a 5-km radius of the WWTF were sampled in an after-the-fact, emergency sampling program. Twelve samples with elevated fecal coliform levels, 18 samples with nitrate-nitrogen greater than the 10 mg/1 standard, and no samples with elevated chlorides were found. However, the elevated levels could not be unambiguously attributed to the WWTF collapse. This is the third WWTF to fail by sinkhole collapse in southeast Minnesota since 1974. All three collapsed lagoons have been located in similar geomorphic and stratigraphic settings. However, at least two lagoons have collapsed in the adjacent area in northeast Iowa, and these lagoons are located at different stratigraphic positions. Twenty-two WWTFs constructed in southeast Minnesota's karst region in the last 25 years have been identified as subject to potential sinkhole collapse. An unknown but significant number of manure storage lagoons, flood control structures, etc., have also been constructed in the karst region and are at risk. Public agencies are beginning to develop plans to deal with the risk associated with existing and future waste lagoons in this environment. The critical hydrogeologic parameters that can be used to prioritize the risk of collapse at existing facilities include: (1) the lithology of the first bedrock beneath each lagoon, (2) the thickness of surficial materials between the lagoon and the bedrock surface, (3) the presence and construction of liners (seepage rate), and (4) the proximity to existing sinkholes. 相似文献
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岩石密度和超高压岩石折返速率 总被引：1，自引：3，他引：1
在常温常压条件下对中国大陆科学钻CCSD主孔100-3000米岩心样品进行了密度测量,建立了密度连续剖面,并界定了不同超高压岩石的密度值。通过对比高温高压物性实验资料,岩石密度随着退变程度增强而降低,榴辉岩密度变化序列为3.52g/cm3→3.49g/cm3→3.07g/cm3→2.93g/cm3。超高压长英质岩石密度变化序列为3.00g/cm→2.80g/cm3→2.65g/cm3。上述实验资料是讨论不同折返阶段岩石所受浮力的基础,为研究折返速率大小提供了基本参数。本文通过折返板块运动平衡时,上浮力与粘滞力平衡这一关系式,定量研究了大陆俯冲板块的折返速率,认为密度差产生上浮力从而引起折返,温度对板块折返速率的影响最为显著;密度差大小、折返角度、折返板块大小对折返速率也有直接的影响。定量模拟分析表明,在温度高于850℃时,板块的折返速率可以超过100mm/a;当温度降至700℃时,折返速率则低于1.5mm/a。作者认为在折返早期,温度较高,板块快速折返至60-70km榴辉岩相深度;随着传导散热,温度降低,板块以较慢的速率折返至中下地壳。折返速率的估算表明,浮力是板块折返第一阶段(从>100km深部折返至<40km的中下地壳)的主要驱动力。 相似文献
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滇东南锡、银、铅、锌多金属矿床主要分布在个旧、白牛厂、都龙3个矿区,而滇东南较大的3个花岗岩体又分别出露在3个矿区或附近.花岗岩体均形成于燕山晚期,岩石化学、矿物成分相似,富含锡、银、铅、锌、钨、铜等成矿元素.矿床主金属元素组合与岩体之间的距离由远而近出现由锡、钨、(铍、铌、钽)→锡、钨、(铁)、铜、铟→锡、铅、锌、银、铟、(锑)有规律的变化.花岗岩浆是成矿物质来源和成矿热源.岩浆侵入初期使上覆地层隆起产生背斜(凹陷部位成向斜);同时使地层产生一系列裂隙、压性断层或层间断裂;岩浆侵入晚期,这些断层再次活动,表现为张性,岩浆产生的含矿热液沿由其活动所造成的断裂迁移、充填、交代、沉淀而形成矿床. 相似文献