共查询到19条相似文献，搜索用时 140 毫秒
1.
本文论述了柴达木盆地东部地区不整合类型与控油特征、不整合结构与油气运聚特征以及不整合运聚油气的成藏模式.柴达木盆地东部地区经历了多次构造运动的改造,形成了多个不整合.根据不整合在油气运聚中的作用,以不整合的成因机制及地震反射特征为基础将柴达木盆地东部地区不整合划分为褶皱、断褶、削截、超覆和平行5种类型.风化剥蚀程度的不均一性使不整合具有典型的层状结构,即不整合面之上的岩石、风化粘土层和半风化岩石.不整合纵向分层结构构成油气运移的双重通道,同时为油气聚集提供良好的储集空间和圈闭条件.不整合发育部位及剖面形态的差异,导致不同类型的不整合形成不同的油气成藏模式. 相似文献
2.
黄骅坳陷埕北断坡处于歧口凹陷向埕宁隆起过渡的斜坡带上,发育多个不整合,这些不整合对该区的油气成藏起重要作用。利用地震资料,在剖面上将不整合划分为5种类型：褶皱不整合、断褶不整合、削截不整合、超覆不整合、平行不整合。其中平行不整合分布在凹陷区,褶皱不整合分布在基底,断褶不整合分布在大断裂下降盘,削截不整合分布在大断裂上升盘,而超覆不整合多分布在隆起斜坡区;利用测井资料,在纵向上将不整合划分为3层结构：不整合面之上岩石、风化粘土层及半风化岩石,由于每层结构的岩性与厚度不同,形成ACE型、ADE型、BCE型和BDF型4种岩性配置模式。不整合构成埕北断坡油气侧向运移的重要通道,同时在其之上形成超覆不整合油气藏,在其之下依靠风化粘土层遮挡形成削截不整合与褶皱不整合油气藏。勘探证实,研究区众多油气显示或油气藏均位于不整合面上、下50 m范围内。开展不整合与油气成藏关系研究,将拓宽黄骅坳陷隐蔽油气藏的勘探空间,对我国东部油气资源挖潜具有重要的理论与实践意义。 相似文献
3.
塔里木盆地自奥陶纪以来,先后经历了加里东中期Ⅰ幕、加里东中期Ⅲ幕、海西早期、海西晚期、印支期、燕山中期及燕山晚期--喜马拉雅期等7 次关键构造变革期,并且形成7 个重要不整合界面,这些不整合具有各自不同的类型和特征。通过地震剖面识别、测井分析和岩心观察等手段分析,认为这些不整合面现今在盆地内主要表现为平行不整合、叠合不整合、褶皱不整合、断褶不整合、古岩溶和古侵蚀不整合。随着盆地的演化,这些不整合面在几何形态、空间位置和时间上不断发生变化。根据这些变化,认为塔里木盆地这些主要不整合在几何形态上具有叠合、复合特征,空间上具有分层、差异的特征,时间上表现为迁移特征。不整合与所经历的构造运动强弱,剥蚀时间长短,沉积时的气候、环境有着密切关系 相似文献
4.
不整合结构构造与构造古地理环境 ——以加里东中期青藏高原北缘及塔里木盆地为例 总被引：4，自引：4，他引：0
不整合结构与不整合面结构具有不同的属性及特征.本文在分析不整合三层结构的基础上,进一步剖析了平行不整合、角度不整合、异岩不整合等3大类不整合的结构构造,划分出10个具有不同结构特征的不整合亚类.重点针对不整合面下的构造变形特征、不整合结构类型的平面分布、不整合面上的初始沉积物、物源及其层序结构等展开了精细研究,对不同结构类型的不整合形成运动学及动力学进行了初步探讨.并以塔里木盆地志留系与奥陶系不整合为例,在盆地尺度,解析不同区域不整合结构类型的特征、性质及差异.现今保留的志留系与奥陶系不整合在盆地中南部广大地区呈角度不整合,在阿瓦提-满加尔坳陷南部、巴楚隆起中西部、塔中隆起北部为低角度、北倾的单斜角度不整合;在塘古兹巴斯凹陷表现为中-低角度的断褶不整合,呈北东向展布,在巴楚隆起东部及塔中隆起的南部局部也存在北东向展布的断褶不整合.在盆地北部塔北隆起西部局部存在褶皱不整合,东部存在低角度、南倾、单斜不整合.而盆地中部在阿瓦提-满加尔凹陷中北部、塔东凹陷东北则以平行不整合为特征.结合沉积地层发育及构造演化分析,恢复了志留系沉积前构造古地理,塔里木盆地大部分为混积陆棚沉积、中部碳酸盐岩台地被逐渐淹没,满加尔及英吉苏凹陷为盆地相沉积.伴随着盆地南缘西昆仑-库地洋、南阿尔金洋的闭合及碰撞造山,在盆地南部主体为南北向的缩短,塘古兹巴斯凹陷为南东-北西向缩短,且变形强度明显大于南北向的缩短.因此,盆地南部的南东-北西向挤压作用是该期最活跃的构造作用,和田古隆起北部、塘古兹巴斯凹陷北东向加里东期褶皱带西北部,应是塔里木盆地第一期油气大规模运移聚集的有利区,值得进一步探索.本文通过对不同时期不整合结构的解剖,尝试区别分析不同期次构造事件的作用及效应,识别单一构造事件(或构造运动)在构造古地理重建及成藏、成矿中的作用. 相似文献
5.
《大地构造与成矿学》2015,(6)
中生代川东褶皱带发育着两种不同的褶皱组合型式,以NE向齐岳山断裂为界,东侧为隔槽褶皱,西侧为隔档褶皱,二者在成因上均与不同埋深的滑脱带密切相关。本文利用FLAC6.0软件模拟了川东褶皱带的两阶段形成过程:隔槽褶皱区和隔档褶皱区依次形成。在断坡倾角为30°的情形下,当滑脱带在隔档褶皱区和隔槽褶皱区分别处于寒武系和角度不整合面向下3~4 km的基底深处时,模拟得到的结果能很好地再现该褶皱带的总体形态特征。只有当连接两个褶皱区滑脱带的断坡具有≤30°的低倾角时,它才能高效地将水平位移传递到隔档褶皱区,意味着地表出露的高倾角齐岳山断裂基本上没有参与整个褶皱带的形成过程,是晚期或后期形成突破地表的。断弯褶皱的出现会造成被卷入的早期褶皱发生共轴叠加的递进变形。这样机械加厚的地壳在重力均衡作用下发生抬升,并遭受风化剥蚀直至准平原化,似乎就可以形成两褶皱区之间近数千米的整体剥蚀厚度差。 相似文献
6.
在地层不整合面附近存在大量油气藏,这些油气藏的形成与地层不整合面有着密切的关系。在前人研究的基础上,通过查阅大量文献,根据地层不整合的成因机制和地震反射率终止方式、不整合发育的部位及剖面形态等,将地层不整合划分为5种主要类型:褶皱不整合、断褶不整合、削截不整合、超复不整合、平行不整合。这些地层不整合对油气的运移、聚集都有着重要的影响:对油气聚集成藏既有建设性作用,又有破坏性作用。在不整合面上下可形成大量圈闭,改善了油气储藏条件,同时为油气的运移提供了优势通道,因此对油气成藏有着重大影响。 相似文献
7.
四川盆地北部地区以下三叠统嘉陵江组四段-五段的大套膏岩层为分割层,将其分为上下两个构造层,上构造层断裂以膏岩层作为主滑脱层,上、下构造层断裂均终止于膏岩层。区内东部构造运动最为强烈,断裂非常发育。中部地区上构造层断裂相对发育,下构造层不发育。西部受构造运动影响最小,断裂不发育。断裂样式主要表现为"Y"或反"Y"字型组合、"树枝状"、平行及对冲断裂等。三叠系主要在平昌-达州-宣汉一带发育北东-南西向断裂,通江以东地区以北西-南东走向为主,中部平昌-龙岗一带受力复杂,断裂走向较不规律,元坝地区发育有南北走向断裂,往西断裂逐渐不发育。全区可划分为7大构造带,其中米仓山前缘褶皱构造带包含了西部九龙山背斜和东部通南巴构造; 川北凹陷构造带仅在上构造层有少量断裂发育; 川北平缓构造带上构造层发育大量中小型断裂; 大巴山前陆盆地构造带属于断褶发育的凹陷带; 川东高陡构造带构造变形强烈,上构造层多发育披覆背斜及较陡断背斜,下构造层发育断背斜并伴有断堑、断垒特征。该地区下构造层断裂发育开始于印支早期构造运动,印支中后期断裂活动进一步加强; 上构造层断裂发育始于印支中后期构造运动,盆地北部整体开始抬升使雷口坡组顶部遭受剥蚀; 燕山期上、下构造层断裂进一步发育,山前褶皱构造带挤压变形强烈,构造格局基本定型,喜马拉雅山期运动对研究区构造具有叠加改造作用。 相似文献
8.
川东高陡断褶带构造特征及其演化 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
在川东地震资料基础上,结合地质资料,系统分析了川东高陡构造特征、演化特征及成因机制。川东高陡断褶带经历了由拉张向挤压转变的动力学环境,主要划分为4期构造演化阶段:弱褶皱阶段(印支期以前)、褶皱雏形阶段(印支期)、褶皱活跃阶段(燕山期)、褶皱定型阶段(喜马拉雅期)。川东高陡断褶带现今构造格局受早期基底断裂控制、晚期多期挤压构造叠加改造,定型"隔挡式"高陡断褶带排状展布;受纵向2套主要膏盐滑脱层及1套次要泥页岩滑脱层影响,川东断褶带纵向上可划分为3个构造形变层,在多期挤压应力过程中,各构造层纵向上形成、演化具有差异性,构造形态截然不同。四川盆地多期挤压构造叠加改造对川东盐类矿床和油气保存产生了重要影响。 相似文献
9.
柴达木盆地北缘白垩纪挤压构造的发现及其地质意义 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
通过对柴达木盆地北缘地震剖面的精细地质解释,结合地面地质调查工作成果,确定了研究区由侏罗纪NE-SW向的伸展构造体制转换为白垩纪NEE-SWW向的挤压构造体制,形成呈NNW向展布的断层相关褶皱和反转构造,具有挤压坳陷型盆地的性质.柴达木盆地北缘白垩系的沉积韵律、岩性和厚度在空间上的差异及其与下伏、上覆地层的接触关系在空间上出现整合-平行不整合-整合的变化,主要受同构造期断层相关褶皱、反转构造的活动强度在空间和时间上差异的影响.在白垩纪,柴达木盆地北缘与中国东部盆地的变形特征存在很大差异,说明中国西部与东部的构造演化在当时受不同构造体制控制;柴达木盆地北缘在白垩纪的NEE-SWW向挤压作用可能与特提斯构造域的冈底斯陆块与欧亚大陆的碰撞作用有关. 相似文献
10.
基于野外露头、钻井岩芯、三维地震、测井曲线、岩石薄片以及物性分析等资料,对牛东地区下侏罗统顶部不整合类型、不整合结构特征、不整合结构体物性变化规律以及其连通性进行综合研究。结果表明:牛东地区不整合整体以削截不整合为主,同时局部地区也发育断褶不整合与平行不整合;不整合在研究区分布范围广泛,具有不整合面之上底砾岩、不整合面之下风化黏土层和半风化岩石典型3层结构;不整合各层结构岩石学和测井响应特征均具有不同特征;不整合面之上底砾岩分布稳定且厚度较大,无良好盖层,属于"散失型"运移通道;不整合面之下风化黏土层物性较差为封堵层;不整合面之下半风化岩石物性特征具有明显规律性;依据其变化趋势划分为两段,且油气多分布于上段底部具有较好的储层物性的砂岩层内。根据油源、断层、不整合以及其与油气分布关系,构建了牛东地区不整合-断裂阶梯状油气运聚模式。 相似文献
11.
Tarim Basin is the large, very complex, oil-bearing basin in China, surrounded by the Tianshan–Beishan, West Kunlun and Altyn Tagh mountain belts to the north, south, and southeast, respectively. Understanding the processes and evolution of this complex superimposed basin, especially with respect to the effects of single tectonic movements, is a difficult challenge, which concerns the tectonic and dynamic interrelationships between the basin and the orogenic belts during the different stages of the Paleozoic in the Paleo-Asian and Tethyan tectonic systems and for the evaluation of the resource potentials in Tarim Basin. In this study, we focused on 3-dimensional, basin-scale structural architecture and the properties of two regional unconformities that occur within the basin and its adjacent areas. Here, we outline the structural deformations underlying the unconformity, the structural architecture styles and the distributions of the unconformity, and the stratigraphic sequence and nature of the sedimentary rocks immediately overlying the unconformity. During the late Early and Middle Paleozoic tectonic movements, disconformities developed mainly in the northern and the central parts of the basin, and angular unconformities which beneath layers were monocline and faulted-fold deformations developed in the southern, or the southern and northern parts of the basin, respectively. Before the Silurian, the Low Hotian Uplift, the NE-trending faulted-folded belts of the Tangguzibas Depression and the southern Tazhong Uplift underwent intense deformation related to SE–NW-directed tectonic compression. In addition, the NE-trending faults in the Tangguzibas Depression developed during periods of activity on the South Altyn Tagh Fault. The structural deformation, as well as the depositional facies, formed in response to the subduction and closure of the South Altun Ocean and West Kunlun–Kudi Ocean, and the resulting collisional orogeny. Prior to deposition of Upper Devonian sediments, structural deformation and erosion occurred in two marginal parts of the basin. The extent and intensity of deformation on the NE-trending faults in the Tangguzibas Depression were also reduced, whereas the NE-trending folds developed in the Manjiaer Depression. The Tabei Uplift experienced uplift and deformation. The closure of the North Altun Ocean and the eastern part of the South Tianshan Ocean with south-subduction may be the main driving forces for the tectonic activity. Extensive areas in the northern and southern margins of the basin were uplifted and denudated by orogenic activity as a prelude to the molasse basin that developed in the early Late Devonian in the northeastern and southeastern parts of the basin. The structural architecture of the unconformities reveals the geometry and dynamics of the basin–orogen system in single tectonic movements. 相似文献
12.
LI Yongjun YANG Gaoxue WANG Xiaogang ZHANG Tianji LIU Xiaoyu YANG Mingyi TONG Liming 《《地质学报》英文版》2011,85(5):1127-1136
The identification of unconformities is the key to reconstructing tectonic evolution, revealing crust movement and establishing tectonic cycle. For a long time, there were some controversial issues on the episodes of Variscan cycle (especially on the period of Carboniferous-Permian stages) of the Tianshan area. The essential questions fall on the numbers and property of unconformities in this area, for example, in the western Tianshan area. Previous research only recognized three or four fold movements. Detailed regional geological mapping of 1:50000 in the Tekes Daban area, western Tianshan have allowed us to characterize the seven unconformities within the Carboniferous-Permian strata and understand its implications for tectonic reconstruction of the Tianshan orogen. Seven angular unconformities, which indicate that seven tectonic episodes occurred in the Late Paleozoic Period, were identified in this area. Therein, the newly discovered unconformities based on the angle-unconformity between the Dongtujinhe and Keguqinshan Formations, and angle-unconformity between the Wulansayi and Wulang Formations, respectively indicates the Tekes episode and Gongliu episode. The unconformity between the Dongtujinhe and Yishijilike Formations is angle-unconformity instead of parallel unconformity indentified by previous research, so the former Bogda ascending can be revised as Bogda movement. Therefore, these newly identified seven episodes, including the Tekes episode, suggest that there are seven tectonic movements in the Tianshan area at least. This has significant implications for reconstruction of the Late Paleozoic tectonics in the Tianshan Area, NW China 相似文献
13.
准噶尔盆地腹部中生界不整合面对于隐蔽油气藏的形成具有重要的意义。在对构造背景深入研究的基础上,依据对钻井岩心、综合录井、地震反射等方面的分析,将不整合界面类型归结为上超/削蚀型、整一/削蚀型、上超/整一型、整一/整一型4种类型。分析了下三叠统上仓房组底界、中侏罗统头屯河组底界、下白垩统吐谷鲁群底界和下侏罗统八道湾组底界4个重要的不整合面特征,认为区内不整合的分布受控于盆地的类型。发现不整合面具有明显的3层结构:界面之上砂砾岩、砂岩层; 界面之下的风化粘土层; 界面之下的半风化岩石。认为不整合面有助于形成多层系削截型岩性圈闭,同时可以作为油气聚集的遮挡层和储集层。 相似文献
14.
二叠纪晚期—三叠纪早期是准噶尔盆地演化的重要转换期,发育了具有特色性的不整合面。本研究以该盆地的西北部为例,综合利用地震和钻井资料,探讨该时期不整合的发育演化特征及其地质意义。研究表明,转换期发育P3/P2期主要不整合与T1/P3期次要不整合,它们在研究区北部叠加复合,构成了三叠系底界叠合不整合面,在南部被上二叠统所分隔而独立存在;转换期经历了主要不整合的形成、主要不整合被上二叠统超覆、次要不整合与叠合不整合的形成及其被三叠系最终超覆4个演化阶段。不整合的发育演化特征揭示了晚海西期和早印支期构造运动对准噶尔盆地影响的强弱程度、地层记录的“楔形体”内涵以及上二叠统与下三叠统的层序归属。P-T转换期不整合面及其相邻地层形成了有效的油气运移通道、良好的储盖组合和类型众多的圈闭,因此具有重要的油气勘探意义。 相似文献
15.
托阿尔期早期早侏罗世大洋缺氧事件(T-OAE,~183.8 Ma)是一次全球性的地质事件,鄂尔多斯盆地下侏罗统富县组记录了此次地质事件的陆地响应过程。主要基于盆地东缘野外地质调查、扫描电镜及薄片分析,本次研究描述了盆地东北部富县组岩性、颜色和沉积序列,利用前人研究成果总结了富县期岩相古地理变化规律及沉积模式,认为富县期经历了由干旱到湿润的古气候变化: 富县组下部含植物化石较为丰富的白色砂砾岩及黑色、灰色泥页岩沉积于湿润气候时期,对应着盆地下切河谷发育期和填平补齐期; 而上覆的罕见植物化石的杂色、红色泥页岩为(富县期晚期)相对平坦地形条件下的沉积,对应着早、中侏罗世湿润气候背景下的一次干旱气候脉动,为托阿尔期大洋缺氧事件在陆相环境的气候响应,可由此进行富县组区域等时性对比。研究认为“粗富县”为下切谷内河流充填沉积, “细富县”形成于湖泊环境或河漫环境, “黑富县”和“白富县”是湿润气候条件下沉积产物,而“红富县”和“杂富县”为T-OAE期后干旱条件下形成。 相似文献
16.
不整合分析及其在陆相盆地构造研究中的意义 总被引：28，自引：6，他引：22
讨论了3个问题,即不整合分析及其在研究陆相盆地的形成和演化中的意义;不整合分析及其与构造运动和盆地改造的关系;与不整合有关的圈闭类型。通过上述的不整合分析,可以获得以下结论：正旋回地层的超覆(或上超)是在拉张或中性构造背景中产生的,而反旋回地层的退覆和削截一不整合则是在挤压构造环境中发育的;复合递进型同构造不整合与内陆前陆盆地边缘挤压隆起的加速和减速上升有关。根据不整合面下被削截岩层的构造变形和侵蚀厚度可以推断出由构造运动所造成的盆地改造程度和与不整合有关的地层圈闭类型。 相似文献
17.
地层不整合接触是研究地质发展历史和鉴定地壳运动特征的重要依据。通过大范围露头尺度和填图尺度不整合面的识别,结合不同时代地层沉积体系的特征及构造变形样式的对比研究,发现东昆仑造山带东段晚古生代—中生代地层由底到顶共发育有4个不同类型的不整合面,分别是上二叠统格曲组与上石炭统浩特洛哇组之间的角度不整合面、中三叠统希里可特组与闹仓坚沟组之间的微角度不整合面、上三叠统八宝山组与下伏不同时代地层之间的角度不整合面、下侏罗统羊曲组与上三叠统八宝山组之间的平行不整合面。这几个不同时代的不整合面分别代表了东昆仑东段晚古生代—中生代地质演化时期中特定的构造事件。其中,格曲组与浩特洛哇组角度不整合关系代表东昆仑造山带南缘阿尼玛卿—布青山古特提斯洋晚二叠世开始向北俯冲的构造事件;希里可特组与闹仓坚沟组微角度不整合关系与陆(弧)陆局部差异性初始碰撞的洋陆转换构造事件密切相关;八宝山组与下伏不同时代地层角度不整合关系是东昆仑地区分布较广、意义重大的一个不整合面,代表中三叠世晚期—晚三叠世早期东昆仑地区陆(弧)陆全面碰撞的主造山构造事件,同时该期碰撞造山事件铸就了东昆仑及其周缘地区的基本构造格架。羊曲组与八宝山组之间平行不整合面则与晚三叠世晚期—早侏罗世早期陆内演化过程中地壳垂向抬升事件相关。这些不整合面的厘定及其代表的相应构造事件对于合理建立东昆仑地区晚古生代—中生代构造演化过程具有重要意义。 相似文献
18.
Jean-François Ghienne Julien Moreau Lionel Degermann Jean-Loup Rubino 《International Journal of Earth Sciences》2013,102(2):455-482
The stratigraphic record of the eastern Murzuq Basin has been importantly influenced by deformation resulting in angular and/or deeply erosional unconformities, though the overall context is intracratonic. Major transgressive events and the Ordovician glaciation are nevertheless documented, allowing the delineation of tectonic-, eustasy- or climate-driven unconformities. Lower Palaeozoic key events and related unconformities that characterize the North Gondwana platform have therefore a signature in the eastern Murzuq Basin. The basement/cover unconformity, also known as the infra-Tassilian surface, truncates all the deformed and metamorphosed Lower Cambrian and older rocks. Above is a ?Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician megasequence (Murizidié and Hasawnah Fms.), which is in turn truncated by an intra-Ordovician, angular unconformity. This megasequence is unconformably overlain by a Middle Ordovician (Hawaz Fm.) to Silurian (Tanzzuft and Akakus Fms) megasequence, which includes the Upper Ordovician glaciogenic unit (Mamuniyat Fm.), bounded at the base by a polygenic glacial erosion surface showing corrugated glacial lineations, tillites, and glaciotectonic structures. The Middle Ordovician to Silurian megasequence is finally truncated by a base-Devonian, angular unconformity overlain by fluvial sandstones. Regarding the possibility that those fluvial deposits may be as younger as Late Devonian in the eastern Murzuq Basin based on palaeoflora, the so-called Caledonian unconformity might be here a much younger (mid-Eifelian?) surface, and the occurrence of the Lower Devonian “Tadrart Fm.” is questioned. The Upper Ordovician glacial erosion surface, which is sometimes referred to as the Taconic unconformity, usually truncates Middle Ordovician strata in the Murzuq Basin but reaches significantly deeper stratigraphic levels in places that have been previously involved in the intra-Ordovician deformation event. In the Murizidié (southeastern Murzuq Basin), the infra-Tassilian surface, the intra-Ordovician unconformity, and the Upper Ordovician glacial erosion surface amalgamate together. Here, an estimate of the glacial erosion depth cannot be derived from the stratigraphic hiatus beneath the glacial incision, the main part of which relate to the intra-Ordovician tectonic event. The Upper Ordovician climate-related glacial erosion surface is not a valid unconformity for a sequence hierarchy framework of the Lower Palaeozoic, although it presents most of the physical attributes of tectonic-driven unconformities. 相似文献
19.
Dynamic Features of Angular Unconformity Formation——Extensional and Compressional Angular Unconformities 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
LI Zhongquan XU Shihai YING Danlin Han Jianhui State Key Loboratory of Oil Gas Reservoir Geology Exploration Chengdu University ofTechnology Chengdu Sichuan PetroChina Company Limited Southwest Oil Gas Field Company Exploration Development Research Institute Chengdu Sichuan 《《地质学报》英文版》2004,78(1):298-301
Angular unconformity is one of the most direct and strongest evidences for approving the tectonic movements of the earth's crust. Its dynamic genesis process has been understood to be mainly related to the compressional setting for a long time. Especially, in a detailed structural analysis for a specific region, when an angular unconformity is discovered people would regard it as the result of orogenic movements of a certain period or a certain episode and neglect the extensional facts. Based on a dialectical point of view of extension-compression, this paper has proved that angular unconformities can be formed not only in compressional settings, but also in extensional ones. Further more, their geological features are compared and he possible genetic mechanisms for angular unconformity under different dynamic settings are studied. 相似文献