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本文将龙女寺储卤构造深层地下卤水与不同浓缩阶段的黄海水两者的化学组分进行比较,以及对不同储卤层卤水之间的化学组分进行比较,结果表明该储卤构造地下卤水以高矿化度和富含Br,I,Sr,Ba等元素为特征,可分为两种类型,即碎屑岩储卤层的Cl NaCa型卤水和碳酸盐岩储卤层的Cl Na型卤水。前者来源于以陆相为主的同生沉积水,泥岩和页岩的隔膜渗滤作用可能对卤水化学组分的富集有着重要的影响;而后者则来源于海相同生沉积残余卤水,其化学组分主要受蒸发岩沉积的控制 相似文献
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沉积盆地深层地下卤水资源量评价之若干探讨 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
沉积盆地深层地下卤水(包括富钾卤水)处于深埋封闭和无补给状态; 卤水具有很高的测压水头, 天然条件下处于停滞状态, 不同储卤构造之间无水力联系; 具有多个平行叠置的储卤层, 不同储卤层之间无水力联系; 储卤层空隙性和渗透性差, 卤水主要富集于背斜、裂隙带和断层裂隙带; 卤水水化学和物理特性在短期内比较稳定; 卤水储存资源量较大, 在开采条件下卤水资源逐渐减少趋于衰竭。本文在分析总结沉积盆地深层地下卤水资源量评价的现状和卤水特征的基础上, 讨论和阐明深层地下卤水资源评价中的若干问题, 包括深层卤水资源量的类型和评价方法的选取、储卤层计算范围和边界的概化处理、渗透性分区和卤水密度影响的处理、测压水头的换算、钻井预测水头降深的确定等, 目的在于提高深层地下卤水资源量评价计算的精度。 相似文献
3.
昆特依干盐湖位于柴达木盆地北部,浅部石盐沉积层储存着丰富的地下卤水。研究表明,研究区石盐储层渗透性存在明显的空间分布差异,这种差异对储层中卤水的水化学组成产生显著影响。渗透性较弱的储卤层,卤水赋存于石盐之间的孔隙中,其渗透系数K值为0.01~8.64 m/d,卤水中K+浓度为5.98~10.34 g/L,Mg2+浓度为6.08~13.98 g/L,pH值介于6.8~7.2,SO2-4浓度为19.85~37.93 g/L;说明低渗透性的储卤层具有稳定的水化学环境,且卤水与介质之间基本达到了水-盐作用平衡,应该为早期成盐时圈闭的残余卤水。而渗透性较强的储卤层,K为134.78~198.89 m/d,卤水中K+浓度为2.66~5.60 g/L,Mg2+浓度为4.18~6.24 g/L,pH为7.27~7.44,SO2-4浓度为41.39~61.71 g/L;说明渗透性较强的储卤层,卤水具有较高的SO2-4浓度及pH值和较低的K+、Mg2+浓度,推测由于低盐度水流溶解作用促使储卤层微小孔隙形成大的溶孔,使储层渗透性增强,水体混合导致卤水水化学特性发生改变。 相似文献
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论四川盆地地下卤水资源开发利用的现状及对策 总被引：10，自引：2，他引：10
四川盆地地下卤水资源储量大,卤水浓度较高,并含有I、Br、K、Li等多种有用组分。地下卤水多沿构造隆起部位富集,并具有天然气和卤水同层的特点。指出目前对地下卤水开发利用发展不均的现状,以及多以制盐为主,开发利用单一等现象。提出深化对地下卤水资源量的评价,加强对地下卤水综合利用的研究,组成跨行业的开发实体等建议。 相似文献
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四川盆地东部高褶带三叠系地层卤水和温泉的地球化学特征及成因 总被引：6，自引：0，他引：6
四川盆地是我国著名的大型沉积盆地,地下卤水资源丰富,在川东宣汉地区的川25井曾发现富钾卤水。本文对川东高陡褶皱带三叠系碳酸盐岩地下水的分布和富集进行分析,对川25井和卧57井深层卤水以及仙女山温泉和统景温泉的水化学特征进行总结并探讨其成因。认为当背斜核部的三叠系地层埋藏较深、封闭性较好时,有利于深层卤水的富集;在半开启-开启型背斜中,背斜核部受到强烈的风化侵蚀作用,三叠系地层裸露地表,接受大气降水入渗淋滤,不利于高TDS卤水保存。深层卤水的水化学类型均为Cl-Na型,富集Br-、Li-、Sr2-、I-、B3+等微量元素,是同生沉积卤水。其中川25井是少见的高TDS富钾卤水,其TDS达352.693g/L,已达到泻利盐沉积阶段,K+异常富集,达25.955g/L。仙女山温泉和统景温泉地下热水为SO4-Ca型,富集Sr2+、F-、偏硅酸等。稳定性同位素δ2 H、δ18 O数据显示川东深层卤水均起源于古海水,仙女山温泉和统景温泉地下热水补给来源为大气降水。地下水在背斜核部三叠系裸露区接受大气降水的入渗补给,经历深循环获得加热后在地形较低的河谷处呈温泉出露。地下(热)水为溶滤围岩形成TDS不高(2~3g/L)的地下水,其总体趋势是朝着淡化的方向发展。 相似文献
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开采条件下马海盐湖地下卤水水化学演化特征 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
为了解开采过程中卤水水化学动态特征及其演化规律,选择柴达木盆地马海盐湖开采前、开采初期和开采中后期地下卤水样品,通过统计分析、相关性分析、离子比例分析及卤水水化学类型分析等方法研究开采过程中马海盐湖地下卤水水化学动态特征,分析卤水演化规律。结果表明,开采过程中K+,Ca2+,Mg2+,SO24-含量变化稍大,是随着环境因素而变化的敏感因子;卤水中Na+与储卤介质中吸附的Mg2+存在离子交换作用,且存在白云石的溶解和方解石的沉淀;开采过程中卤水水化学类型并未发生改变,卤水水化学类型主要为硫酸镁亚型。 相似文献
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四川盆地东北部某储卤构造深层卤水资源量容积法评价的改进模型研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
深层地下卤水资源量的评价具有较大难度,一方面由于深部地质及水文地质参数难以准确获取,另一方面地下卤水资源量评价方法尚无规范可循。传统的深层卤水区域资源量评价方法一般采用容积法,但容积法对储卤层空间形态描述较简单,同时也无法处理深层卤水各参数严重不均一的问题,容易引起误差的累积。提出了容积法的一种改进模型,首先利用Opengl API三维渲染技术来建立储卤层三维模型,再利用克里格法对储卤层三维模型进行网格化,建立模拟单元,用模拟的方法来解决各参数的不均一性,进而求取资源量。该方法继承了资源量评价中"圈区算量"的基本思想,可以获得更准确的计算结果。为了便于该方法的应用,进行了软件实现,并以四川盆地东北部某储卤构造为例对该构造资源量进行了试算。结果表明该方法能更充分地利用深部地质参数,是对容积法的一种有效改进。 相似文献
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四川盆地三叠纪卤水成藏条件 总被引：1，自引：2，他引：1
四川盆地三叠纪卤水分布广泛 ,资源丰富 ,品质优异 ,是我国开发利用时间最早 ,工业价值最高的卤水资源。卤水有碎屑岩和碳酸盐岩两大储集类型 ,皆为低孔隙 ,低渗透致密岩石 ,不利于卤水的运聚 ,而卤水成藏条件主要是由储卤层受后期构造应力形成的断裂及裂隙发育带所控制 ,这是卤水高产富集的主导因素 相似文献
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川西地区雷口坡组岩相古地理与富钾卤水预测 总被引：3，自引：1，他引：2
利用测井、录井、岩芯、薄片、扫描电镜及能谱分析等资料,综合研究川西地区雷口坡组岩相古地理、分析富钾卤水成因并预测有利分布区带。川西地区中三叠统雷口坡组发育蒸发台地相、局限台地相和开阔台地相。地层年代从古到新可分为雷一至雷五共5期,海平面经历了2次变浅→加深的旋回,雷四1期由于快速海退,广泛发育蒸发台地相,其中成都地区膏盆内发育平落坝、盐井沟及大兴场3个盐盆。认为川西地区雷口坡组富钾卤水是由海水蒸发浓缩而成的海相原生沉积含钾卤水,在晶间卤水、钾盐类溶滤水和陆相径流来源卤水的掺合下,发生高度变质作用而形成的混合型水。富钾卤水遵循"膏盆-盐盆控区、褶皱-断层定带、裂缝-孔隙储卤"的分布特征。在沉积相、岩相古地理、富钾卤水来源与分布特征等综合研究的基础上,提出了"卤水聚钾中心"和"储卤中心"的概念,结合单井卤水层水化学分析数据与富钾卤水的工业开采指标,在川西地区雷口坡组圈定并预测出1个卤水聚钾中心和3个储卤中心;卤水聚钾中心位于平落坝构造区,储卤中心分别位于江油中坝、丹棱大兴场以及彭山盐井沟构造区,可为四川盆地中三叠统雷口坡组富钾卤水的勘探指明方向。 相似文献
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东濮凹陷北部沙三中亚段广泛发育盐岩和烃源岩,这两个看似不能共存的物质却在这里互层共生。该时期研究区沉积特征为多盐韵律与多层烃源岩互层共生、连续沉积,单个盐韵律厚度从几米到十几米,烃源岩有机质丰度高、类型好。平面上,两者在湖盆沉积沉降中心共生;垂向上,高有机质丰度、好干酪根类型与高盐度地层具有较好的对应关系。因而成为恢复古气候和古环境的重要研究对象。通过岩石学、古生物学以及Sr/Ba、B/Ga、(V+Ni+Mn)、Fe/Mn、Sr/Cu、Mg/Ca、V/(V+Ni)、稀土元素含量和氯同位素等方法对凹陷北部沙三中亚段的沉积环境进行研究。结果表明,凹陷北部沙三中亚段为深水沉积的还原环境,古盐度较高,达到半咸水-咸水沉积;微量元素和孢粉化石特征表明研究区沙三中亚段为温暖潮湿的环境。 相似文献
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The Importance of the Precipitation and the Susceptibility of the Slopes for the Triggering of Landslides Along the Roads 总被引：3，自引：1，他引：2
Clemente Irigaray Francisco Lamas Rachid El Hamdouni Tomás Fernández José Chacón 《Natural Hazards》2000,21(1):65-81
In order to characterise the influence of the heavyrains on the observed landslides during the 1996–1997hydrological cycle, rainfall records for the last 100years are analysed from 104 stations in easternAndalusia. Regarding the amounts of rain recordedbetween October 1996 and March 1997 in the 104stations studied, 31 presented new all-time records;15 presented values that were 80–100% of thepre-1995 record; 49 stations, 80–50%; and 9stations, < 50%. A map has been devised of thesusceptibility of the materials through which thesouth-eastern Andalusian road network crosses,together with an inventory of the damage caused byinstability phenomena on banks and cuttings of theroad network during the winter of 1996–1997. Therelationships between the rainfall during the studyperiod, the damage caused to the road network and thesusceptibility of the materials affected are analysed.The results indicate that there is a clearcorrespondence between the rainfall recorded and thesusceptibility of the materials with the inventorieddamage. It is concluded that the widespread seriousdamage caused in early 1997 to the roads andsurrounding areas in the Alpujarra region and thecoast of the Province of Granada was mainly caused bythe extraordinarily heavy rains. However, considerablyless damage was observed where the susceptibility ofthe terrain is low, thus highlighting the extremeusefulness of terrain-susceptibility maps for riskprevention and territorial planning. 相似文献
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郯庐断裂南段研究进展与断裂性质讨论 总被引：13，自引：3，他引：13
据1：5万区域地质调查和专题研究资料，就郯庐断裂带是否南延与消失的原因，其与大别—苏鲁造山带交截形成的假位错效应，以及与中新生代沉积盆地形成演化的关系等作了新的阐述。在此基础上，讨论了郯庐断裂带是否为巨大的左行平移断层或转换断层。认为郯庐断裂带可能是在“古郯庐带”的基础上于早侏罗世重新活动、白垩纪强烈活动的地堑型枢纽断裂带。 相似文献
14.
Guboglo M. N. 《GeoJournal》1980,4(1):53-58
International unity is becoming ever stronger in this country owing to an increasing similarity in the development of the cultural environment. This comprises the provision of all the country's republics with a sufficient number of schools, theatres, and other institutions and cultural information media in accordance with the needs of the population. An important part is played by the rise in ‘the general educational level, as well as the level of professional qualifications and skills. Among all the Soviet nations and nationalities, this rise being more rapid among formerly backward peoples. Prominent among the factors of internationalization is the progressive development of the nationalities’ cultural resources, while professional culture is being increasingly brought within the reach of the masses.The implementation of the nationalities policy promotes the all-round development of all Soviet nations and nationalities, their drawing together, the upsurge of the individual capabilities of every Soviet citizen. 相似文献
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某高速公路下伏煤矿采空区稳定性分析 总被引：10，自引：0，他引：10
在论述某高速公路下伏砦脖煤矿采空区地质、采矿和工程地质特征的基础上, 进行了稳定性数值模拟分析, 定性与定量地分析与评价了该煤矿采空区的地表变形特征及稳定性。研究结果表明: 该煤矿采空区的变形尚未完成, 对拟建的高速公路将产生很大的危害, 必须采取相应的工程治理措施。 相似文献
17.
Jiayu Rong Michael Melchin S. Henry Williams Tatyana N. Koren Jacques Verniers 《《幕》》2008,31(3):315-318
The Global Stratotype Section and Point （GSSP） for the base of the Silurian System was defined in 1985. Since that time, a number of researchers have suggested that this section has serious deficiencies for use as a GSSP. As a result, in 2000, the Subcommission on Silurian Stratigraphy （SSS） proposed undertaking a formal restu@ of this GSSP, which was subsequently approved by the International Commission of Stratigraphy （ICS）. The result of this restudy was the formal proposal that the current GSSP, at 1.6 m above the base of the Birkhill Shale, at Dob＇s Linn, Scotland, should be maintained as the same locality and stratigraphic level, but the bios- tratigraphical definition of the boundary should be revised. The previously defined, basal Silurian grapto- lite zone, the Parakidograptus acuminatus Zone, should be subdivided into a lower Akidograptus ascensus Zone and a higher E acuminatus Zone. The base of the A. ascensus Zone, marked by the first appearance of A. ascensus, should be regarded as the biostratigraphic mark for the base of the Silurian. This proposal has now been formally approved by the SSS and ICS, and ratified by International Union of Geological Sciences. This is the first GSSP to undergo formal restudy and redefini- tion, and the proposal also included a recommended procedure for restudy of GSSPs. 相似文献
18.
Dean S. Oliver 《Mathematical Geology》1998,30(7):911-933
In reservoir characterization, the covariance is often used to describe the spatial correlation and variation in rock properties or the uncertainty in rock properties. The inverse of the covariance, on the other hand, is seldom discussed in geostatistics. In this paper, I show that the inverse is required for simulation and estimation of Gaussian random fields, and that it can be identified with the differential operator in regularized inverse theory. Unfortunately, because the covariance matrix for parameters in reservoir models can be extremely large, calculation of the inverse can be a problem. In this paper, I discuss four methods of calculating the inverse of the covariance, two of which are analytical, and two of which are purely numerical. By taking advantage of the assumed stationarity of the covariance, none of the methods require inversion of the full covariance matrix. 相似文献
19.
Deviation of the major axis of the inertia ellipsoid of the Moon from the direction toward the Earth
B. P. Kondratyev 《Astronomy Reports》2017,61(8):709-714
It is known from observations that the center of mass of the Moon does not coincide with the geometric center of its figure, and the line connecting these two centers is not aligned with the direction toward the center of the Earth, instead deviating toward the Southeast. This stationary deviation of the axis of the inertia ellipsoid of the Moon to the South of the direction toward the Earth is analyzed. A system of five linear differential equations describing the physical libration of the Moon in latitude is considered, and these equations are derived using a new vector method taking into account perturbations from the Earth and partly from the Sun. The characteristic equation of this system is obtained, and all five oscillation frequencies are found. Special attention is paid to the fifth (zero) frequency, for which the solution of the latitude libration equations are stationary and represents a previously unknown additional motion of the rotational axis of theMoon in a cone with a small opening angle. In contrast to the astronomical precession of the Earth, the rotation of the angular-velocity vector is in the positive direction (counter-clockwise), with the period T 3 = 27.32 days. On this basis, this phenomenon has been named “quasi-precession.” This quasi-precession leads to a stationary inclination of the major axis of the inertia ellipsoid of theMoon to the South (for an observer on Earth), making it possible to explain one component of the observed deviation of the center of mass of the Moon from the direction toward the Earth. The opening angle of the quasiprecession cone is approximately 0.834″. 相似文献
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Important tendencies in development of the world mineral-resources sector at the beginning of the 21st century were an increase in production and consumption of mineral materials differentiated by types of metals and nonmetallic mineral raw materials, by countries and regions, as well as the concentration of the production of mineral raw materials in a small number of countries, and a reduction in industrial reserves of minerals in the world economy, even at the current stage of their extraction. These tendencies should be taken into account in working out a strategy for development of the Russian mineral raw-material base. 相似文献