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太原西峪煤矿9号煤层带压开采危安区的划分 总被引：3，自引：1，他引：3
西峪煤矿位于太原西山岩水系统的晋祠岩溶水亚系统内的非主径流带上，由于本矿区9号煤层除最南端有小部分9号煤层底板高于水头外，其余全部处于水头之下，因此，奥陶系灰岩水已严重地威胁着9号煤层的安全开采，特别是在底板隔水岩柱薄弱地带或断裂陷落柱构造破碎带，已存在着岩溶水突破隔水岩柱溃入矿坑的危险性，本文着重研究并划分了矿区9号煤层带压开采的安全区与危险区，目的是为煤矿带压开采提矿坑的危险性，本文着重研究并划分了矿区的9号煤层带压开采的安全区与危险区，目的是为煤矿带压开采提供宝贵的资料。 相似文献
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在介绍东山矿区地质、水文地质及开采条件的基础上,论述了本矿区15号煤层的带压开采条件,通过详细分析矿区水文地质条件及15号煤层隔水层底板厚度的变化规律,对煤矿的带压开采区划分了3个带,并提出了带压开采建议。 相似文献
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《中国煤炭地质》2016,(5)
在多煤层开采矿区,上部煤层开采后形成采空区积水。在近距离煤层开采时,上部采空积水区易对下部煤层开采形成威胁。某资源整合矿井3号煤层已开采,而9号煤层存在小煤窑,开采范围不清。为保证9号与15号煤安全掘进,结合某矿的水文地质概况和开采条件,在15号煤运输巷向9号煤暗斜井方向布置15°、45°和60°三个探测角度对揭煤区域采用矿井瞬变电磁法进行探测。勘探发现,三个探测方向上均出现较大范围低阻异常区,尤其在45°和60°探测方向上异常较为突出,且在60°探测方向上9号煤暗斜井穿过异常区,由此推断9号煤暗斜井见煤点附近存在大范围采空区且富水性较强。根据探测确定的积水异常区域,布置了探放水钻孔进行提前疏放水,累计放水13.2万m3。 相似文献
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新阳矿9-10-11号煤层底板低于奥灰岩溶水位,承受水压较高,存在带压开采问题。依据矿区水文地质勘查资料,通过对9-10-11号煤层底板隔水岩层隔水性能、奥灰岩溶水富水程度、底板断裂构造发育情况、煤层底板承压大小以及采煤扰动底板破坏深度等突水因素分析,表明井田西南部断裂构造发育地段为突水危险区。分别采用突水系数法和突水危险度法对全井田9-10-11号煤层底板突水危险性进行评价,评价结果显示井田南部及断裂构造发育地段为突水危险区。理论分析与定量评价结果基本一致。针对9-10-11号煤层底板突水安全评价结果,提出了相应的防突水对策。 相似文献
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利用地质勘探资料和生产过程中采集的实际数据,系统分析了彬长矿区南缘地质构造发育类型及平面分布特征、含煤地层及基底古地形的发育特点、煤层的时间和空间特点及矿区构造特征。研究认为:彬长矿区南缘蒋家河井田自三叠系以来经历了3个阶段的构造演化,演化历史与鄂尔多斯盆地构造演化基本同步;主采4号煤层受三叠系基底古地形、侏罗系河–湖相沉积环境及区域构造等因素影响,厚煤区位于彬县背斜以南和赵坡向斜的轴部;彬长矿区南缘主采的4号煤层资源丰富、煤质优良、开采条件良好,具有很好的开采价值和经济效益,针对瓦斯超限、淋水底板鼓起等问题,采取措施后可以实现安全开采。 相似文献
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宁武煤田朔南矿区5号、6号煤层位于太原组上段,5号煤厚0～3．20m,6号煤厚0～2.94m,均属局部可采煤层,在实际工作中往往难以区分对比。通过对矿区含煤地层及煤层顶板砂岩K2、K3、K4沉积环境的研究,认为5号煤层形成于三角洲水下分流河道之间的泛滥盆地,6号煤层形成于三角洲前缘河口砂坝基础上发育的潮坪环境,属于三角洲平原水下沉积体系的两个不同旋回。运用岩性标志,物性参数及煤质特征可有效区分5、6号煤层,并进行追踪对比,为进一步勘探和煤矿开采提供了资料。 相似文献
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以大量勘探钻孔资料为基础,对晋城矿区西区9#煤层赋存规律、成煤古地理环境及其演化史进行了分析与研究,阐述了不同的沉积类型对煤层厚度的控制作用.为该区今后的地质勘探和煤矿开采提供了依据. 相似文献
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蔚县矿区煤系基底奥灰含水层是煤层开采底板进水的主要充水含水层,已发生多次突水灾害,造成了巨大的经济损失。在分析矿区水文地质条件的基础上,对矿区奥灰岩的富水性进行了分区。通过对多年来矿区生产矿井奥灰水突入矿井资料收集整理及突水点的时空特征的研究,得出了矿区生产矿井奥灰水突水规律：首先与奥灰含水层富水性有关;其次是断层,即使是落差不大的小断层也是突水的薄弱地段;开采1号煤层,底板隔水层厚度与水头压力是控制奥灰水突入矿井的主要因素。提出了以防为主、带压开采、封堵结合,避免强行疏排的奥灰水防治水对策,并对矿井防治水措施提出了建议。 相似文献
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S. Viswanathan K. Surya Prakash Rao B. Mahabaleswar 《Journal of the Geological Society of India》2013,82(6):621-627
Komatiites are mantle-derived ultramafic volcanic rocks. Komatiites have been discovered in several States of India, notably in Karnataka. Studies on the distribution of trace-elements in the komatiites of India are very few. This paper proposes a simple, accurate, precise, rapid, and non-destructive wavelength-dispersive x-ray fluorescence (WDXRF) spectrometric technique for determining Sc, V, Cr, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, Rb, Sr, Y, Zr, Nb, Ba, Pb, and Th in komatiites, and discusses the accuracy, precision, limits of detection, x-ray spectral-line interferences, inter-element effects, speed, advantages, and limitations of the technique. The accuracy of the technique is excellent (within 3%) for Sc, V, Cr, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, Rb, Sr, Zr, Nb, Ba, Pb, and Th and very good (within 4%) for Y. The precision is also excellent (within 3%) for Sc, V, Cr, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, Rb, Sr, Y, Zr, Nb, Ba, Pb, and Th. The limits of detection are: 1 ppm for Sc and V; 2 ppm for Cr, Co, and Ni; 3 ppm for Cu, Zn, Rb, and Sr; 4 ppm for Y and Zr; 6 ppm for Nb; 10 ppm for Ba; 13 ppm for Pb; and 14 ppm for Th. The time taken for determining Sc, V, Cr, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, Rb, Sr, Y, Zr, Nb, Ba, Pb, and Th in a batch of 24 samples of komatiites, for a replication of four analyses per sample, by one operator, using a manual WDXRF spectrometer, is only 60 hours. 相似文献
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奥地利安东帕有限公司 《岩矿测试》2009,28(3):306-306
最新的流行病学研究表明,空气中较高浓度的悬浮细颗粒可能对人类的健康有不利的影响。根据该项研究显示,由于心脏病、慢性呼吸问题和肺功能指标恶化而导致死亡率的升高与细尘粒子有关。这些研究结果已经促使欧盟于1999年4月出台了限制空气中二氧化硫、二氧化氮、氧化氮、铅和颗粒物含量的法案(1999/30/EC),对各项指标包括对可吸入PM10颗粒的浓度提出了新的限制性指标。PM10颗粒是指可以通过预分级器分离采集的气体动力学直径小于10μm的细颗粒。目前研究的兴趣重点逐步偏向PM2.5这些更细微颗粒物,PM2.5这种颗粒物对健康有明显的不利影响。在欧盟指令2008/50/EC中,对PM10和PM2.5都提 相似文献
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E. M. Prasolov S. A. Sergeev B. V. Belyatsky E. S. Bogomolov K. A. Gruzdov I. N. Kapitonov R. Sh. Krymsky V. O. Khalenev 《Geochemistry International》2018,56(1):46-64
This paper reports the first results of a study of 11 isotope systems (3He/4He, 40Ar/36Ar, 34S/32S, 65Cu/63Cu, 62Ni/60Ni, 87Sr/86Sr, 143Nd/144Nd, 206–208Pb/204Pb, Hf–Nd, U–Pb, and Re–Os) in the rocks and ores of the Cu–Ni–PGE deposits of the Norilsk ore district. Almost all the results were obtained at the Center of Isotopic Research of the Karpinskii All-Russia Research Institute of Geology. The use of a number of independent genetic isotopic signatures and comprehensive isotopic knowledge provided a methodic basis for the interpretation of approximately 5000 isotopic analyses of various elements. The presence of materials from two sources, crust and mantle, was detected in the composition of the rocks and ores. The contribution of the crustal source is especially significant in the paleofluids (gas–liquid microinclusions) of the ore-forming medium. Crustal solutions were probably a transport medium during ore formation. Air argon is dominant in the ores, which indicates a connection between the paleofluids and the atmosphere. This suggests intense groundwater circulation during the crystallization of ore minerals. The age of the rocks and ores of the Norilsk deposits was determined. The stage of orebody formation is restricted to a narrow age interval of 250 ± 10 Ma. An isotopic criterion was proposed for the ore-bearing potential of mafic intrusions in the Norilsk–Taimyr region. It includes several interrelated isotopic ratios of various elements: He, Ar, S, and others. 相似文献
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Mining induced subsidence can significantly affect mining costs where major surface facilities and natural environment need to be protected. Overburden grout injection is a technology used to control coal mine subsidence by injecting the mine waste material extracted from the coal back into the inter-burden rock during longwall mining. The flowing slurry is here categorised as a nonlinear viscous cohesive (Bingham plastic) fluid. During longwall mining the grout slurry is pumped into the separated beds of the rock mass through a central vertical borehole, which is drilled deep into the inter-burden rock strata above the coal seam. However, a blockage can occur in the injection system when the slurry velocity falls below a certain critical threshold velocity, indicating a material phase change from cohesive-viscous to cohesive-frictional. In situ field injection tests through boreholes have been simulated at a smaller scale at the CSIRO laboratory in Brisbane by pumping the slurry through a radial disk (gap = 4 mm) from its centre. Laboratory experiments indicate a general, nonlinear, cohesive, viscous, frictional model for shear behaviour of the slurry, in which the material shear parameters are functions of the disk radial distance. Complete dimensional and dimensionless analytical solutions have been developed based on an approach related to Bingham–Herschel–Bulkley fluid mechanics. The derived formulae include relations for minimum pump pressure, local pressure and pressure gradient, wall shear stress, volume rate, velocity and velocity gradient. The theoretical results match the experimental measurements. The experiments covered slurries with maximum particle sizes of 0.5 to 2 mm with about 50% being larger than 100 µm. The viscosities at the various solids concentrations were measured with a standard torsion viscometer. This study differs from the previous research in several distinct aspects, namely, consideration of the variable shear parameters rather than fixed values, inclusion of total nonlinear behaviour, and implementation of a friction function to mimic behaviour of the deposited and consolidating stiff slurry, which can cause a significant pressure rise as a result of the increased shear resistance. 相似文献
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《Applied Geochemistry》2001,16(2):137-159
Five hundred and ninety-eight samples of terrestrial moss (Hylocomium splendens and Pleurozium schreberi) collected from a 188,000 km2 area of the central Barents region (NE Norway, N Finland, NW Russia) were analysed by ICP-AES and ICP-MS. Analytical results for Al, B, Ba, Ca, K, La, Mg, Mn, Na, P, Rb, Si, Sr, Th, U and Y concentrations are reported here. Graphical methods of data analysis, such as geochemical maps, cumulative frequency diagrams, boxplots and scatterplots, are used to interpret the origin of the patterns for these elements. None of the elements reported here are emitted in significant amounts from the smelting industry on the Kola Peninsula. Despite the conventional view that moss chemistry reflects atmospheric element input, the nature of the underlying mineral substrate (regolith or bedrock) is found to have a considerable influence on moss composition for several elements. This influence of the chemistry of the mineral substrate can take place in a variety of ways. (1) It can be completely natural, reflecting the ability of higher plants to take up elements from deep soil horizons and shed them with litterfall onto the surface. (2) It can result from naturally increased soil dust input where vegetation is scarce due to harsh climatic conditions for instance. Alternatively, substrate influence can be enhanced by human activity, such as open-cast mining, creation of ‘technogenic deserts’, or handling, transport and storage of ore and ore products, all of which magnify the natural elemental flux from bedrock to ground vegetation. Seaspray is another natural process affecting moss composition in the area (Mg, Na), and this is most visible in the Norwegian part of the study area. Presence or absence of some plant species, e.g., lichens, seems to influence moss chemistry. This is shown by the low concentrations of B or K in moss on the Finnish and Norwegian side of the (fenced) border with Russia, contrasting with high concentrations on the other side (intensive reindeer husbandry west of the border has selectively depleted the lichen population). 相似文献
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Marta L. PATINO-DOUCE Alberto PATINO-DOUCE Mazhar QAYYUM Roger L. NIELSEN 《Geostandards and Geoanalytical Research》1994,18(2):195-198
We have developed a set of four synthetic standards for the rare earth and high field strength elements designed for use in the determination of those elements in silicates. The base material is a glass nominally at the eutectic of the MgO-Al2 O3 -SiO2 ternary system. The nominal doping level was 2 wt% of the elements as oxides. To avoid problems associated with peak interference, the elements were doped in four separate glasses. 相似文献
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Between 1985 and 1991, two new mountain protected areas (MTNPA) covering more than 35,000 km2 and based on participatory management models — the Makalu-Barun National Park and Conservation Area, Nepal, and Qomolangma Nature Preserve, Tibet Autonomous Region — were successfully established through the collaborative efforts of Woodlands Mountain Institute and conservationists in China and Nepal. Characteristics common to both projects include the importance of establishing (1) effective rationales, (2) local support constituencies, (3) a senior advisory group, (4) a task force, (5) linkages between conservation and development, and (6) fund raising mechanisms. The lessons derived from the experiences of Woodlands Mountain Institute are of significant value to others in preserving MTNPA. Increased collaboration and communication between all interested in conservation, however, will remain a critical component for expanding mountain protected area coverage to throughout the world. 相似文献