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铅锌矿是湘西-黔东地区的优势矿种,资源丰富,开发历史悠久,找矿潜力巨大。综合分析前人有关湘西-黔东生物礁的资料,介绍了藻灰岩的沉积特征,并结合大量实际地质资料,对藻灰岩控矿进行了论述。结果表明: 成矿物质主要来源于藻类及碳酸盐泥对Pb2+、Zn2+离子的吸取,矿床成因属于沉积成岩矿床类型,兼有成岩期后矿床性质; 藻礁灰岩与不同岩性的接合部位及其附近等微地球化学障区,往往就是铅锌富矿体产出部位; 藻礁灰岩与礁间通道的薄层泥质白云质灰岩呈指状交叉接触处,也常有铅锌富矿体产出; 铅锌富矿体基本上产于清虚洞组灰岩段中,且明显受该段藻礁灰岩控制。为满足国内外对铅锌矿日益增长的消费需要,深入研究区内铅锌矿的地层岩相岩石控矿因素及其富集规律,指导该地区藻灰岩中铅锌矿找矿工作,具有重要的现实意义。 相似文献
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湘西渔塘早寒武世生物礁沉积相特征 总被引：6，自引：0，他引：6
湘西渔塘早寒武世清虚洞期生物礁为国内外罕见的规模较大的堤状藻礁,发育于川滇黔碳酸盐台地南东边缘。造礁生物为表附藻、尼科尔森藻及葛万藻等,具明显的生长生态及分带性特征。该生物礁的形成及演化受同沉积断裂控制,发育三个造礁旋回,每个旋回由四个依次向上变浅的沉积阶段组成和相对应的礁基、礁核、礁前、礁后及礁顶亚相。礁后藻砂屑灰岩系渔塘铅锌矿极为重要的控矿岩相。 相似文献
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贵州松桃-湖南吉卫地区铅锌矿地质特征及找矿方向 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
贵州松桃-湖南吉卫地区位于上扬子地块和江南隆起带的结合部位,是湘西-鄂西铅锌多金属成矿带的重要组成部分。铅锌赋矿层位主要为下寒武统清虚洞组下段藻灰岩,其次为清虚洞组上段白云岩,矿床受到地层和NNE向构造的双重控制,矿体呈层状或似层状。在麻栗场断裂以西,清虚洞组下段的矿石矿物以闪锌矿为主;在该断裂以东,清虚洞组上段的矿石矿物以方铅矿为主,围岩蚀变主要有硅化、方解石化、白云石化等,研究区方铅矿受构造控制作用更为显著。在成矿地质特征、化探异常、控矿因素等综合分析的基础上,认为该区NNE向麻栗场断裂以西的下寒武统清虚洞组下段藻灰岩为有利的找矿岩性段,嗅脑-杉木冲、下帽山、小平茶一带具有进一步找矿前景。 相似文献
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湘西-黔东地区寒武系都匀阶清虚洞期
岩相古地理与铅锌成矿关系研究 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
依据地层记录中的两种相变面和两种穿时性,结合上扬子地区寒武系十余条代表性剖面的沉积特征及其横向展布规律,应用等时面优势相成图方法编制了寒武系都匀阶清虚洞期岩相古地理图.区内古地理格局具有西高东低、北浅南深(水深)的特点,沉积自北西向南东超覆,层位逐渐抬高穿时;岩性、厚度、颜色和沉积相类型上的差异是统一沉积背景下沉积物相变、穿时的结果.清虚洞组由灰岩段和白云岩段组成,以发育缓坡型碳酸盐台地为特征,纵向上构成总体向上变浅的沉积相序列,同时反映了缓坡型碳酸盐台地的生长发育过程;横向上从北西至南东发育从混积潮坪相、浅缓坡相、中缓坡相、深缓坡相和陆棚-盆地等沉积.岩相古地理对层控铅锌矿具有明显的控制作用,主要分布于中缓坡相藻灰岩微晶丘中,浊积岩、微晶丘、砾(粒)屑灰岩构成一完整的铅锌控矿序列. 相似文献
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新余铁矿田含铁岩系地层物质系统沉积的地球化学环境是一个氧化相-弱氧化相-弱还原相-还原相的演变过程.矿田经历了澄江-加里东构造旋回的多期次、多方向、多型式褶皱构造改造.新余铁矿田矿层和舍铁岩系的各种成矿地质特征以及矿田东、中、西段构造特征是铁矿的沉积成岩作用以及构造演化历史的物质反映.应用系统分析方法和历史分析方法分析矿田成矿地质系统的内在规律,总结新余铁矿田矿层和舍铁岩系变化特征,矿层顶板、底板和含铁岩系标志层特征以及矿田东、中、西段构造特征.解释新余铁矿田单层矿"红绸舞式"褶皱的成因,为铁矿勘查工作提供借鉴. 相似文献
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松桃嗅脑铅锌矿田藻丘微相特征及控矿规律探讨 总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5
松桃嗅脑铅矿是产于下寒武统清虚洞组的藻灰岩段中，铅锌矿的分布和产出，严格受藻丘的控制。本文首次对藻丘内部沉积微相进行了系统划分，划分出丘坪、丘前沿、丘冠微相及后丘、前丘和丘间通道亚相，并对各相特征及控矿特征进行阐述，提出了嗅脑铅锌矿田矿体主要受丘坪微相的控制，其次为丘前沿微相。这一认识无疑对矿床地质特征研究和成矿预测具有重要意义。 相似文献
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花垣李梅铅锌矿集区地质特征及矿床成因探讨 总被引：9，自引：0，他引：9
李梅铅锌矿集区为湘西北最具找矿潜力的铅锌成矿区,赋存于寒武系下统清虚洞组厚大的碳酸盐岩中.矿化带延伸与藻礁浅滩相带一致.矿体具多层性,呈缓倾斜以整合层带状产出.矿石以锌为主铅锌共生,具有一定分带现象.矿石为微晶状、细晶状及胶状等结构.成矿物质主要来源于藻类及碳酸盐泥对Pb2+、Zn2+离子的吸取.稳定同位素资料表明,本区铅具有以幔源为主,壳幔混合的特点,硫源主要来自碳酸盐岩系的硫酸盐.矿床成因属于沉积成岩矿床类型,兼有成岩期后矿床性质.找矿应主要沿藻礁浅滩相东延地带进行,结合构造-地球化学分析,以探查隐伏矿床为主. 相似文献
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火场锑汞铜矿为一处小而富的金金属矿,也是一个类型特征的锑汞铜矿。赋存于下寒武统清虚洞组上部细晶白云质灰岩中。成矿严格受断裂构造控制,层位和岩性也是一个重要控矿因素。主要含铜（黝铜矿）矿脉有７条,具有一定的工业意义。它的发现,对湘西北地区在清虚洞组进一步开发多金属矿找矿提供了重要线索。 相似文献
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通过野外剖面测制、室内岩石薄片观察、古生物鉴定,运用沉积学、矿物岩石学、层序地层学、构造地质学等的方法原理,对黔桂之交天生桥镇-安然地区晚二叠世乐平统吴家坪-长兴期碳酸盐岩微相特征进行分析鉴定,试图阐述沉积演化及古地理意义。分析表明,研究区未见长兴组及大隆组,合山组与吴家坪组均为孤立碳酸盐岩台地,且属同时异相关系。合山组发育局限台地、开阔台地、受簸选台地边缘砂、生物建造等4种沉积亚相,发育MF1-生屑粉微晶灰岩、生屑泥微晶含泥质灰岩,MF2-含泥质砂岩夹含粉砂质泥岩或煤层,MF3-泥晶介壳屑蜓屑灰岩或泥晶生屑灰岩,MF4-泥、微晶或亮晶生屑藻砂屑灰岩,MF5-生屑藻粘结灰岩等5种沉积微相;吴家坪组发育受簸选台地边缘砂、生物建造及前缘斜坡等3种沉积亚相,发育MFⅠ-泥微晶藻砂屑生屑灰岩、海绵礁生物灰岩,MFⅡ-亮晶藻砾屑生屑灰岩,MFⅢ-复成分灰岩角砾岩或礁前角砾岩等3种沉积微相。二叠世乐平统吴家坪-长兴期经历了4期相对连续完整的次级海进-海退旋回,总体为海退进积层序的古地理特征,并形成相应的沉积矿产资源。 相似文献
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奥地利安东帕有限公司 《岩矿测试》2009,28(3):306-306
最新的流行病学研究表明,空气中较高浓度的悬浮细颗粒可能对人类的健康有不利的影响。根据该项研究显示,由于心脏病、慢性呼吸问题和肺功能指标恶化而导致死亡率的升高与细尘粒子有关。这些研究结果已经促使欧盟于1999年4月出台了限制空气中二氧化硫、二氧化氮、氧化氮、铅和颗粒物含量的法案(1999/30/EC),对各项指标包括对可吸入PM10颗粒的浓度提出了新的限制性指标。PM10颗粒是指可以通过预分级器分离采集的气体动力学直径小于10μm的细颗粒。目前研究的兴趣重点逐步偏向PM2.5这些更细微颗粒物,PM2.5这种颗粒物对健康有明显的不利影响。在欧盟指令2008/50/EC中,对PM10和PM2.5都提 相似文献
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A catastrophic rockslide-debris flow in Wulong, Chongqing, China in 2009: background, characterization, and causes 总被引：7，自引：3，他引：4
Qiang Xu Xuanmei Fan Runqiu Huang Yueping Yin Shengshan Hou Xiujun Dong Minggao Tang 《Landslides》2010,7(1):75-87
On June 5, 2009, a catastrophic rockslide-debris flow occurred at the crest of the Jiweishan Mountain in Wulong, Chongqing,
China. Approximately five million cubic meters of limestone blocks slid along a weak interlayer of bituminous and carbonaceous
shale. The source mass descended from the upper part of the slope rapidly, crossing a 200-m wide and 50-m deep creek in front
of it. Blocked by the opposite steep creek wall, the sliding mass changed its direction and traveled a further 2.2 km along
the creek in debris-flow mode, finally forming a large accumulation zone with an average depth of 30 m. This is one of the
most catastrophic rockslide events in recent years in China. It buried 12 houses and the entrance of an iron mining tunnel
where some 27 miners were working inside. Ten people died, 64 missing, and eight wounded. Immediately after this disaster
happened, the government organized an expert team to assist the rescue work. As one of the geological experts, the author
did a lot of field investigations and collected first-hand information. Multi-methods including the remote sensing, 3D laser
scanning, geophysical exploration, and numerical modeling were used for analyzing the characteristics and the triggering mechanism
of the Wulong rockslide. The preliminary investigation results reveal that this rockslide with poor geological conditions
was mainly induced by the gravitation and the karst effect and also affected by the previous mining activities. The research
in this paper is meaningful and useful for further research on such kind of rockslides that are geologically similar to the
Wulong rockslide. 相似文献
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Joseph Clancy White 《Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology》1993,113(4):524-532
The textural relationships and structural states of optically isotropic labradorite from the Manicouagan, Quebec, impact structure have been examined by light (optical) and transmission electron (TEM) microscopy. Two distinct diaplectic glasses have been recognized based on their contrasting morphology, timing and the inferred modes of formation. The earliest isotropic bands and grain-scale isotropism (maskelynite) optically exhibit a gradational,in situ transformation from crystalline plagioclase with preservation of relict textures (twins, grain boundaries). The same transformation from crystalline to amorphous structure is observed in TEM to occur heterogeneously at scales on the order of the unit cell. The progressive transformation of optical properties reflects an increase in the volume fraction and eventual coalescence of these amorphous units. This maskelynite-type diaplectic glass is interpreted to form in the solid-state directly from crystalline material during the compressional phase of the shock wave. The other isotropic material occurs in spatially discrete tensiongashes and planar deformation features (PDFs) that overprint the maskelynite-type glass. This second type of diaplectic glass (PDF-type) is developed homogeneously within a given glass band and exhibits sharp crystal-glass boundaries, in contrast to the gradational boundaries of the maskelynite-type glass. PDF-type glass is interpreted to form by melting in tensional release zones during passage of the rarefaction wave. These observations emphasize the ability of naturally shocked rocks to preserve subtle evidence of variations in the shock process from highly transient events. 相似文献
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S. Viswanathan K. Surya Prakash Rao B. Mahabaleswar 《Journal of the Geological Society of India》2013,82(6):621-627
Komatiites are mantle-derived ultramafic volcanic rocks. Komatiites have been discovered in several States of India, notably in Karnataka. Studies on the distribution of trace-elements in the komatiites of India are very few. This paper proposes a simple, accurate, precise, rapid, and non-destructive wavelength-dispersive x-ray fluorescence (WDXRF) spectrometric technique for determining Sc, V, Cr, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, Rb, Sr, Y, Zr, Nb, Ba, Pb, and Th in komatiites, and discusses the accuracy, precision, limits of detection, x-ray spectral-line interferences, inter-element effects, speed, advantages, and limitations of the technique. The accuracy of the technique is excellent (within 3%) for Sc, V, Cr, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, Rb, Sr, Zr, Nb, Ba, Pb, and Th and very good (within 4%) for Y. The precision is also excellent (within 3%) for Sc, V, Cr, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, Rb, Sr, Y, Zr, Nb, Ba, Pb, and Th. The limits of detection are: 1 ppm for Sc and V; 2 ppm for Cr, Co, and Ni; 3 ppm for Cu, Zn, Rb, and Sr; 4 ppm for Y and Zr; 6 ppm for Nb; 10 ppm for Ba; 13 ppm for Pb; and 14 ppm for Th. The time taken for determining Sc, V, Cr, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, Rb, Sr, Y, Zr, Nb, Ba, Pb, and Th in a batch of 24 samples of komatiites, for a replication of four analyses per sample, by one operator, using a manual WDXRF spectrometer, is only 60 hours. 相似文献
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Xiaoyu ZHAO Wuyi WANG Hairong LI Fujian FENG Lizhen WANG 《中国地球化学学报》2006,25(B08):80-81
Brick-tea-type fluorosis is a peculiar endemic disease in China, which had been discovered in minority areas of western China since 1980, and distributed mainly in Tibet, Inner Mongolia, Gansu, Xinjiang, Qinghai and parts of Sichuan Province. The prevalence rate of fluorosis in Tibetan and Mongolian nationality people was higher. Epidemiological investigation showed that fluorosis morbidity and degrees were different in different brick-tea drinking areas, and it was probably caused by drinking various kinds of brick tea from different regions. Therefore, we collected 33 samples of brick tea from six provinces where minority nationalities were accustomed to drinking a large quantity of brick tea. F concentrations were determined by the combustion hydrolysis-ion selective electrode method. The results showed that among the brick teas, the F concentrations ranged from the minimum 74.1 mg/kg in Yunnan Province to the maximum 991.2 mg/kg in Sichuan Province. Besides, there was a great difference among the various kinds of brick tea, and F concentrations decreased in the order of Kang brick tea, Green brick tea, Black brick tea, Mi brick tea, Fu brick tea, Chitsu ping tea, Puerh tea, and Tuo tea. The average F concentration in brick teas was 431.92 mg/kg. 相似文献
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L. I. Mashonkina A. B. Vinogradova D. A. Ptitsyn V. S. Khokhlova T. A. Chernetsova 《Astronomy Reports》2007,51(11):903-919
We derived Sr, Y, Zr, and Ce abundances for a sample of 74 cool dwarfs and subgiants with iron abundances, [Fe/H], between 0.25 and ?2.43. These estimates were obtained using synthetic spectra, assuming local thermodynamic equilibrium (LTE) for Y, Zr, and Ce, allowing for non-LTE conditions for Sr. We used high-resolution (λ/Δλ?40 000 and 60 000) spectra with signal-to-noise ratios between 50 and 200. We find that the Zr/Y, Sr/Y, and Sr/Zr ratios for the halo stars are the same in a wide metallicity range (?2.43 ≤ [Fe/H] ≤ ?0.90), within the errors, indicating a common origin for these elements at the epoch of halo formation. The Zr/Y ratios for thick-disk stars quickly decrease with increasing Ba abundance, indicating a lower rate of production of Zr compared to Y during active thick-disk formation. The thick-disk and halo stars display an increase in the [Zr/Ba] ratio with decreasing Ba abundance and a correlation of the Zr and Eu overabundances relative to Ba. The evolutionary behavior of the abundance ratios found for the thick-disk and halo stars does not agree with current models for the Galaxy’s chemical evolution. The abundance ratios of Y and Zr to Fe and Ba for thin-disk stars, as well as the abundance ratios within each group, are, on average, solar, though we note a slight decrease of Zr/Ba and Zr/Y with increasing Ba abundance. These results provide evidence for a dominance of asymptotic-giant-branch stars in the enrichment of the interstellar medium in heavy elements during the thin-disk epoch, in agreement with the predictions of the nucleosynthesis theory for the main s-process component. 相似文献
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Arsenic concentrations of less than 5 ppb to as large as 1,260 ppb in stream waters and from 5 ppm to 4,000 ppm in stream
sediments were found in the Pedro Dome-Cleary Summit area, Alaska. Waters from three of 20 wells sampled had arsenic concentrations
exceeding the U.S. Public Health Service recommended limit of 50 ppb. The high arsenic levels are a consequence of arsenic
enrichment in the rocks of the area. Placer and lode-gold mining may increase the arsenic content of the waters by exposing
arsenic-containing rocks to surface waters and by increasing the load of arsenic-rich sediments in the streams. Finding these
disturbingly large concentrations of arsenic in the waters of the Fairbanks area was the major result of this work, inasmuch
as a subsequent study (to be published) revealed arsenic concentrations as large as 10 ppm in domestic wells and prompted
an extensive study by Federal and State agencies of the health hazard posed by these arsenic-rich waters. 相似文献
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Natural Hazards - Despite the application of various methods to calculate uncertainty in flood vulnerability assessments, the challenge of uncertainty remains. The main purpose of this study was to... 相似文献