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以柯尔碱膨润土为研究对象,利用XRD、FTIR和SEM等分析手段对其成分、结构和物化性质等进行了系统分析。在此基础上,采用自然沉降法和高速离心法对其进行提纯,通过测定提纯土的吸蓝量和膨胀容等性能指标及X-射线衍射分析对提纯效果进行评价。结果表明,柯尔碱膨润土蒙脱石含量约为57%、吸蓝量为0.3039 g/g、膨胀容为10.75 m L/g,属于中低品位钠基膨润土矿,所含蒙脱石晶格完全破坏的温度在800℃以上,热稳定性较好。采用2种不同提纯方法都可以达到很明显的提纯效果,但综合比较高速离心法效果更明显,可获得吸蓝量为0.4958 g/g的膨润土精矿,并且该提纯方法具有周期短、效率高的优点。 相似文献
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基于X射线粉晶衍射分析、化学成分分析数据,依据物质平衡原理,应用相混合计算法对陕西洋县、河南确山、内蒙古赤峰三地的膨润土进行了定量物相分析。根据电子探针微区分析所得蒙脱石晶粒化学成分数据,采用以阴离子为基准的氢当量法,计算了膨润土中蒙脱石的晶体化学式。应用CELLSR软件,计算得到膨润土中各主要矿物的晶胞参数。通过与传统的确定膨润土中蒙脱石含量的吸蓝量法和X射线衍射多相Rietveld分析法进行定量对比,结果表明,相混合计算法是确定多种矿物共生的膨润土中蒙脱石含量最有效的物相分析方法。尽管受不同分析方法的误差积累影响,但是由该法确定蒙脱石的含量仍能保证±20％的计算精度。 相似文献
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基于前人有关膨润土在碱性环境下的室内试验和数值模拟的研究结果 ,重点阐述了碱金属离子及碱溶液对膨润土矿物成分、微观结构、膨胀性和渗透性等方面的影响,讨论了温度、pH值与溶液浓度等对上述过程的影响。碱金属离子及碱性溶液不仅可交换膨润土中蒙脱石层间阳离子,而且可溶解膨润土中的蒙脱石,生成非膨胀性矿物,并随着温度和pH值升高,蒙脱石被溶解程度增加,从而导致了膨润土膨胀力减小,且随着温度、溶液浓度及pH值的增加,膨胀力削弱程度加强;同时,膨润土与碱金属离子及碱溶液接触时孔隙增多,进而渗透性增强,随着温度和溶液浓度增加,渗透性也明显增强。数值模拟可实现膨润土与碱性溶液长期接触时发生的矿物成分及渗透性变化的预测。高温、不同pH值的低碱性溶液及其耦合作用对膨润土的矿物化学成分、微观结构、膨胀力和渗透性的影响及机理研究应该是今后研究的重点。 相似文献
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膨润土是以蒙脱石为主的粘土矿石的工业名称。在评价膨润土矿床时,是以蒙脱石的含量多少为主要依据。因此,比较精确地测定膨润土中蒙脱石的含量是极其重要的。目前国内外普遍用化学吸蓝量法测定,其原理是蒙脱石分散在水溶液中,具有吸附色素(如次甲荃蓝等)的能力,不同种类的矿物吸附色素能力不同,蒙脱石的吸附能力较强,沸石吸附量较小, 相似文献
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《矿物岩石地球化学通报》2020,(2)
为实现河南信阳上天梯地区膨润土的高附加值开发利用,在矿物学属性研究基础上,采用自粉化提纯、常压低温焙烧活化及常压碱溶合成沸石技术对其进行了研究。结果表明,该区膨润土为钙基膨润土,主要矿物为钙蒙脱石,杂质矿物为斜发沸石和方石英;干燥膨润土经湿润后可实现膨胀自粉化,再经湿法筛分可获得吸蓝量高达38.55 g/100g提纯膨润土;常压低温焙烧活化技术获得脱色率达99.9%、活性度为308 mmol/kg的高质量活性白土;常压碱溶一步法合成的4?沸石为较理想的立方体与菱形十二面体的聚形,在合成过程中斜发沸石和方石英等杂质矿物均转变为沸石。 相似文献
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蒙脱石热处理产物的扫描电镜研究 总被引：8，自引：2，他引：6
本文对广东和平蒙脱石及其热处理产物进行了化学分析,差热和热重分析,Ｘ射线粉末衍射分析,红外吸收谱分析,扫描电镜等研究,结果表明,在热处理过程中蒙脱石的结构发生很大的变化。蒙脱石经１０００℃热处理后,大部分颗粒都熔融现象,经１２００℃热处理后,重结晶现象明显,经１３５０℃热处理后,生成三人变产物,衬度较大的（高突起）是方英石相,衬度中等（低突起）的是在来石相,衬度最小（凹陷）的是堇青石相。 相似文献
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贵州盘县地区膨润土矿产出地质特征及其物化性能的研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
膨润土矿在本省尚为缺门矿种。通过对省内钻井泥浆粘土矿的踏勘取样,经X射线衍射、红外光谱和差热等分析、测试手段及物化性能的测定,参照矿产工业要求,首次在贵州盘县地区被前人称为“绿豆岩”的岩层中,圈出了数个膨润土矿体;对矿石及矿石中小于2μm的粘粒矿物进行了物化性能及矿石、矿物的属性研究,确定区内膨润土矿为钙基和酸性钙基膨润土,其矿石中主要矿物——蒙脱石为钙质蒙脱石的属性;该膨润土矿不宜作钻井泥浆原料,但可为油脂脱色剂之用。该地区的膨润土矿有一定的工业价值和开发利用前景。 相似文献
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东濮凹陷北部沙三中亚段广泛发育盐岩和烃源岩,这两个看似不能共存的物质却在这里互层共生。该时期研究区沉积特征为多盐韵律与多层烃源岩互层共生、连续沉积,单个盐韵律厚度从几米到十几米,烃源岩有机质丰度高、类型好。平面上,两者在湖盆沉积沉降中心共生;垂向上,高有机质丰度、好干酪根类型与高盐度地层具有较好的对应关系。因而成为恢复古气候和古环境的重要研究对象。通过岩石学、古生物学以及Sr/Ba、B/Ga、(V+Ni+Mn)、Fe/Mn、Sr/Cu、Mg/Ca、V/(V+Ni)、稀土元素含量和氯同位素等方法对凹陷北部沙三中亚段的沉积环境进行研究。结果表明,凹陷北部沙三中亚段为深水沉积的还原环境,古盐度较高,达到半咸水-咸水沉积;微量元素和孢粉化石特征表明研究区沙三中亚段为温暖潮湿的环境。 相似文献
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The Importance of the Precipitation and the Susceptibility of the Slopes for the Triggering of Landslides Along the Roads 总被引：3，自引：1，他引：2
Clemente Irigaray Francisco Lamas Rachid El Hamdouni Tomás Fernández José Chacón 《Natural Hazards》2000,21(1):65-81
In order to characterise the influence of the heavyrains on the observed landslides during the 1996–1997hydrological cycle, rainfall records for the last 100years are analysed from 104 stations in easternAndalusia. Regarding the amounts of rain recordedbetween October 1996 and March 1997 in the 104stations studied, 31 presented new all-time records;15 presented values that were 80–100% of thepre-1995 record; 49 stations, 80–50%; and 9stations, < 50%. A map has been devised of thesusceptibility of the materials through which thesouth-eastern Andalusian road network crosses,together with an inventory of the damage caused byinstability phenomena on banks and cuttings of theroad network during the winter of 1996–1997. Therelationships between the rainfall during the studyperiod, the damage caused to the road network and thesusceptibility of the materials affected are analysed.The results indicate that there is a clearcorrespondence between the rainfall recorded and thesusceptibility of the materials with the inventorieddamage. It is concluded that the widespread seriousdamage caused in early 1997 to the roads andsurrounding areas in the Alpujarra region and thecoast of the Province of Granada was mainly caused bythe extraordinarily heavy rains. However, considerablyless damage was observed where the susceptibility ofthe terrain is low, thus highlighting the extremeusefulness of terrain-susceptibility maps for riskprevention and territorial planning. 相似文献
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郯庐断裂南段研究进展与断裂性质讨论 总被引：13，自引：3，他引：13
据1：5万区域地质调查和专题研究资料，就郯庐断裂带是否南延与消失的原因，其与大别—苏鲁造山带交截形成的假位错效应，以及与中新生代沉积盆地形成演化的关系等作了新的阐述。在此基础上，讨论了郯庐断裂带是否为巨大的左行平移断层或转换断层。认为郯庐断裂带可能是在“古郯庐带”的基础上于早侏罗世重新活动、白垩纪强烈活动的地堑型枢纽断裂带。 相似文献
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Guboglo M. N. 《GeoJournal》1980,4(1):53-58
International unity is becoming ever stronger in this country owing to an increasing similarity in the development of the cultural environment. This comprises the provision of all the country's republics with a sufficient number of schools, theatres, and other institutions and cultural information media in accordance with the needs of the population. An important part is played by the rise in ‘the general educational level, as well as the level of professional qualifications and skills. Among all the Soviet nations and nationalities, this rise being more rapid among formerly backward peoples. Prominent among the factors of internationalization is the progressive development of the nationalities’ cultural resources, while professional culture is being increasingly brought within the reach of the masses.The implementation of the nationalities policy promotes the all-round development of all Soviet nations and nationalities, their drawing together, the upsurge of the individual capabilities of every Soviet citizen. 相似文献
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某高速公路下伏煤矿采空区稳定性分析 总被引：10，自引：0，他引：10
在论述某高速公路下伏砦脖煤矿采空区地质、采矿和工程地质特征的基础上, 进行了稳定性数值模拟分析, 定性与定量地分析与评价了该煤矿采空区的地表变形特征及稳定性。研究结果表明: 该煤矿采空区的变形尚未完成, 对拟建的高速公路将产生很大的危害, 必须采取相应的工程治理措施。 相似文献
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Jiayu Rong Michael Melchin S. Henry Williams Tatyana N. Koren Jacques Verniers 《《幕》》2008,31(3):315-318
The Global Stratotype Section and Point （GSSP） for the base of the Silurian System was defined in 1985. Since that time, a number of researchers have suggested that this section has serious deficiencies for use as a GSSP. As a result, in 2000, the Subcommission on Silurian Stratigraphy （SSS） proposed undertaking a formal restu@ of this GSSP, which was subsequently approved by the International Commission of Stratigraphy （ICS）. The result of this restudy was the formal proposal that the current GSSP, at 1.6 m above the base of the Birkhill Shale, at Dob＇s Linn, Scotland, should be maintained as the same locality and stratigraphic level, but the bios- tratigraphical definition of the boundary should be revised. The previously defined, basal Silurian grapto- lite zone, the Parakidograptus acuminatus Zone, should be subdivided into a lower Akidograptus ascensus Zone and a higher E acuminatus Zone. The base of the A. ascensus Zone, marked by the first appearance of A. ascensus, should be regarded as the biostratigraphic mark for the base of the Silurian. This proposal has now been formally approved by the SSS and ICS, and ratified by International Union of Geological Sciences. This is the first GSSP to undergo formal restudy and redefini- tion, and the proposal also included a recommended procedure for restudy of GSSPs. 相似文献
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Dean S. Oliver 《Mathematical Geology》1998,30(7):911-933
In reservoir characterization, the covariance is often used to describe the spatial correlation and variation in rock properties or the uncertainty in rock properties. The inverse of the covariance, on the other hand, is seldom discussed in geostatistics. In this paper, I show that the inverse is required for simulation and estimation of Gaussian random fields, and that it can be identified with the differential operator in regularized inverse theory. Unfortunately, because the covariance matrix for parameters in reservoir models can be extremely large, calculation of the inverse can be a problem. In this paper, I discuss four methods of calculating the inverse of the covariance, two of which are analytical, and two of which are purely numerical. By taking advantage of the assumed stationarity of the covariance, none of the methods require inversion of the full covariance matrix. 相似文献
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Deviation of the major axis of the inertia ellipsoid of the Moon from the direction toward the Earth
B. P. Kondratyev 《Astronomy Reports》2017,61(8):709-714
It is known from observations that the center of mass of the Moon does not coincide with the geometric center of its figure, and the line connecting these two centers is not aligned with the direction toward the center of the Earth, instead deviating toward the Southeast. This stationary deviation of the axis of the inertia ellipsoid of the Moon to the South of the direction toward the Earth is analyzed. A system of five linear differential equations describing the physical libration of the Moon in latitude is considered, and these equations are derived using a new vector method taking into account perturbations from the Earth and partly from the Sun. The characteristic equation of this system is obtained, and all five oscillation frequencies are found. Special attention is paid to the fifth (zero) frequency, for which the solution of the latitude libration equations are stationary and represents a previously unknown additional motion of the rotational axis of theMoon in a cone with a small opening angle. In contrast to the astronomical precession of the Earth, the rotation of the angular-velocity vector is in the positive direction (counter-clockwise), with the period T 3 = 27.32 days. On this basis, this phenomenon has been named “quasi-precession.” This quasi-precession leads to a stationary inclination of the major axis of the inertia ellipsoid of theMoon to the South (for an observer on Earth), making it possible to explain one component of the observed deviation of the center of mass of the Moon from the direction toward the Earth. The opening angle of the quasiprecession cone is approximately 0.834″. 相似文献
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正Artemia cysts are an extremely important component of aquaculture diets.It is well established that the cultivation of fish and shellfish derive substantial health and growth advantages when Artemia are included in the diets of the 相似文献