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1.
盐湖卤水体系Li~＋，Mg~（2＋）／Cl~－，SO_4~（2－），borate 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
本文总结了作者对盐卤硼酸盐体系Ｌｉ＋，Ｍｇ２＋／Ｃｌ－，ＳＯ４２－，Ｂ４Ｏ７（２－）－Ｈ２Ｏ研究的结果，对该体系涉及的硼酸盐的合成、鉴定和性质进行了研究，并对这些盐在纯水及一些盐溶液中的存在形式进行了初步探索．完成了该体系所包含的一些次级体系的相平衡及溶液物化性质的研究．提出了一种镁硼酸盐Ｍｇ２Ｂ６Ｏ（１１）·１７Ｈ２Ｏ的新合成方法．首次发现三方硼镁石在水中的相转化是分两个阶段进行，从而证明了尼古拉耶夫在２５℃ＭｇＯ—Ｂ２Ｏ３－Ｈ２Ｏ体系研究中三方硼镁石与章氏硼镁石的共饱点，实际上是三方硼镁石向多水硼镁石发生相转化的一个动力学的平衡点，热力学的个稳点的观点． 相似文献
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本文研究了三元体系ＭｇＳＯ４—ＣＨ３ＣＯＮＨＣＯＮＨ２—Ｈ２Ｏ（Ⅰ）和Ｍｇ（ＮＯ３）２─ＣＨ３ＣＯＮＨＣＯＮＨ２—Ｈ２Ｏ（Ⅱ）在３０℃的相平衡，测定了饱和溶液溶解度及其折光指数，绘制了相应的溶度图和折光指数─组成关系图。两个体系均为简单共饱型。溶度曲线及折光指数曲线均由两支组成，分别与ＭｇＳＯ４·７Ｈ２Ｏ（Ⅰ）或Ｍｇ（ＮＯ２）２·６Ｈ２Ｏ（Ⅱ）和ＣＨ２ＣＯＮＨＣＯＮＨ２相对应。共饱点的组成分别为（Ⅰ）中ＭｇＳｏ４２７．３５％，ＣＨ３ＣＯＮＨＣＯＮＨ２ ４．７％；（Ⅰ）中Ｍｇ（ＮＯ３）２４２．７５％，ＣＨ３ＣＯＮＨＣＯＮＨ２１２．２４％。这项工作对开发缓释肥料具有重要意义。 相似文献
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本文测定了三元系ＲＥＣｌ３（ＲＥ＝Ｌａ，Ｐｒ，Ｓｍ）－ＨＯＡｃ－Ｈ２Ｏ（３０℃）的平衡态的溶度数据并绘制了相应的溶度图．在三个体系中分别形成ＬａＣｌ３·７Ｈ２Ｏ，ＰｒＣｌ３·６Ｈ２Ｏ，ＳｍＣｌ３·６Ｈ２Ｏ三种物质．ＨＯＡｃ对ＬｓＣｌ３·７Ｈ２Ｏ，ＰｒＣｌ３·６Ｈ２Ｏ，ＳｍＣｌ３·６Ｈ２Ｏ盐析作用程度的不同，表明了轻稀土元素的“一分组效应”，同时依据ＨＯＡｃ对ＬａＣｌ３·７Ｈ２Ｏ，ＰｒＣｌ３·６Ｈ２Ｏ，ＳｍＣｌ３·６Ｈ２Ｏ有盐折作用这一结论，提出了一种制备ＬａＣｌ３·７Ｈ２Ｏ，ＰｒＣｌ３·６Ｈ２Ｏ，ＳｍＣｌ３·６Ｈ２Ｏ的新方法． 相似文献
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本文研究了三元体系ＭｇＳｏ４－ＣＨ３ＣＯＮＨＣＯＮＨ２－Ｈ２Ｏ（Ｉ）和Ｍｇ（ＮＯ３）２－ＣＨ３ＣＯＮＨＣＯＮＨ２－Ｈ２Ｏ（Ⅱ）在３０℃的相平衡，测定了饱和溶液溶解及其折光指数，绘制了相应了溶度力和折光指数一组成关系图。两个体系为简单截饱型。溶度曲线及折光指数曲线均由两支组成，分别与ＭｇＳＯ４．７Ｈ２Ｏ（Ｉ）或Ｍｇ（ＮＯ２）２．６Ｈ２Ｏ和ＣＨ２ＣＯＮＨＣＯＮＨ２相对应。共饱点的组成分别为（Ｉ）中Ｍｇ 相似文献
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闽东南沿老红砂的地球化学特征 总被引：4，自引：2，他引：2
闽东南没海老红砂的地球化学分析表明,Ｂ、Ｇａ、Ｓｒ、Ｂａ、Ｋ、Ｃｒ、Ｎｉ和Ｖ等微量元素含量及Ｂ／Ｇａ和Ｓｒ／Ｂａ比值指示老红砂应为陆相沉积,其磷酸钙组分和古盐度变指示为陆相。老红砂的化学全量组合特征与花岗岩风化壳相似,但ＳｉＯ２含量较花岗岩风化壳大,而Ａｌ２Ｏ３的含量明显少于花岗岩风化壳。从老红砂垂直部面变化看,其硅铝铁率一般从上往下增加,分解系数（Ｆｅ２Ｏ３／ＭｇＯ）一般从上往下减少。 相似文献
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对南极普里兹湾ＮＰ９５１柱样的元素地球化学特征及其古环境意义进行了研究。结果表明，本区沉积物在沉积过程中受冰盖消融、淡水涌入和陆源物质的影响较大；沉积物中ＳｉＯ２、Ａｌ２Ｏ３、Ｆｅ２Ｏ３、ＣａＯ、ＭｇＯ、Ｐ、Ｓ、Ｃｏｒｇ等元素组分较好地记录了由古气候变化而引起的物源改变，这些元素组分在地层中的分布规律与古海洋沉积环境及古气候变迁相一致；自晚更新世末期以来的气候大致可分为温暖期、寒冷期、高温期、转冷期和转暖期五个区段；在柱样的１４５ｃｍ（１４．４ｋａＢ．Ｐ．）、８５ｃｍ（１０．３ｋａＢ．Ｐ．）和２５ｃｍ（６．３ｋａＢ．Ｐ．）处出现了古气温的高值点，指示了气候的变化；８５ｃｍ处元素含量的突变指示了异常事件的发生，该层位正好对应于哥德堡地球磁场漂移，全球气温突然变暖，标志着１０．３ｋａＢ．Ｐ．以后南极地区进入了全新世。 相似文献
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通过野外科学考察，室内实验研究，本文介绍了该地区盐湖中盐矿物种类及共生组合情况，其中碳钠矾［（Ｎａ６（ＣＯ３）（ＳＯ４）２］又一次在内蒙古天然碱湖中被发现（国内首次发现于昌汗淖和盐海子天然碱湖中）。 相似文献
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Grandidierite, kornerupine, and tourmaline occur in high-grade pelitic gneisses from the Larsemann Hills, East Antarctica. The three minerals contact to each other and show a special order: Trn_1→Gdd→Trn_2→Krn→Trn_3, suggesting the occurrence of the assemblage is controlled by the temporal changes of the chemical potentials of B_2O_3 and H_2O. The discovery of the assemblage is a good constraint on the seting and composition feature of metamorphism in the area. 相似文献
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本文主要讨论了长城站地区第三纪火山岩系的透辉石和斜长石中熔融包裹体的特征、均一温度、挥发组分、玻璃和子矿物的化学成分。透辉石中熔融包裹体均一温度为1070～1170℃,斜长石中熔融包裹体均一温度m≥1100℃。透辉石和斜长石熔融包裹体气泡中组分CO_2为45～93％,H_2S为微量～35％,CH_4为2～20％和CO为2～14％,少量为N_2,O_2,H_2O和H_2。这些组分从火山喷发早期至晚期呈规律性变化。对熔融包裹体的玻璃和子矿物进行成分测定,其子矿物为钙铁橄榄石。 相似文献
14.
青藏高原古岩溶的性质、发育时代和环境特征 总被引：7，自引：0，他引：7
青藏高原目前多处所见岩溶地貌主要属第三纪古岩溶之地下部分经后期剥蚀而出露于地表的，风化壳红土和洞穴次生化学沉积等古岩溶相关沉积也多以残留形态出露在已经发生解体的高原主夷平面的南和东南缘，风化壳红土中所含粘粒部分的主要化学成分为SiO2,Al2O3和Fe2O3；粘土矿物多属“伊利石-高岭石”型组合，少数样品属“高岭石-伊利石”型组合，据硅酸系数和粘土矿物组合判断，古岩溶风化壳红土的发育阶段处在化学风化的初期，但由于目前所见红土仅反映当时风化壳剖面根部的化学风化状况，故其较弱的风化指数仍能间接指示古岩溶发育时期湿热的地表环境，扫描电镜观测结果亦表明，风化壳红土中石英砂的表面结构特征以化学溶蚀形成的为主，机械侵蚀形成的为辅，反映了高原风化壳红土垢长期残留特征，对应风化壳发育时期的湿热环境。 相似文献
15.
M. J. Abdollahi M. H. Karimpour A. Kheradmand A. R. Zarasvandi 《Natural Resources Research》2009,18(2):137-151
The Muteh gold district with nine gold deposits is located in the Sanandaj-Sirjan metamorphic zone. Gold mineralization occurs
in a pre-Permian complex which mainly consists of green schists, meta-volcanics, and gneiss rocks. Shear zones are the host
of gold mineralization. Gold paragenesis minerals include pyrite, chalcopyrite, pyrrhotite, and secondary minerals. Pyrites
occur as pre-, syn-, and post-metamorphism minerals. To determine the source of the ore-bearing fluids, fifty samples were
selected for petrographical and stable isotope studies. The mean values of 12.4‰, and −42‰ for δ18O and δD isotopes, respectively, and a mean value of 7.75‰ of calculated fractionation factors for δ18O H2O, from quartz veins indicate that metamorphic host rocks are the most important source for the fluids and gold mineralization.
Three generations of pyrite can be distinguished showing a wide range of δ34S. Gold mineralization is closely associated with intense hydrothermal alteration along the ductile shear zones. The characteristics
of the gold mineralization in the study area are similar to those of orogenic gold deposits elsewhere.
An erratum to this article can be found at 相似文献
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The karst landforms distributed on the Qinghai-Xizang (Tibet) Plateau can be genetically classed with the Tertiary underground karst, which were gradually exhumed to the surface with the uplift of the plateau during Quaternary period. The relative deposits of the Tertiary palaeokarst processes, such as the residuum and speleothem, were discovered recently in the southern and southeastern fringe areas of the plateau, where has geological-currently been disintegrated by the headward erosion processes of the modern river systems. The major chemical components of the clay portion of the residuum consist mainly of SiO2C, Al2CO3 and Fe2O3. The clay minerals composition of the clay portion belongs to illite-kaolinite pattern for most of the residuum samples, and kaolinite-illite pattern for a few of the samples. It can be judged from the silicic acid index and the clay minerals composition that the formation of the residuum of the Plateau was in its initial phase. However, such a lower chemical weathering index only reflected the weathering degree in the bottom or lower parts of the lateritic weathering crust. The relatively intensive chemical weathering processes of the surface layers of the lateritic weathering crust could be logically speculated. The surface feature textures of quartz grains in the residuum were formed mainly by the chemical erosion, which revealed a long-term humid-tropical environment when the residuum and the palaeokarst formed. 相似文献
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The syenites of Piranshahr pluton form homogeneous mesoperthite-rich rocks which are exposed over a large area (>30 km2). With >85% modal composition of feldspar and rare ferromagnesian minerals, the syenites are petrographically suitable for
feldspar exploration. The chemical composition of the Piranshahr syenites (i.e., high Al2O3 and (Na2O + K2O)) is also appropriate for potential feldspar mining. By means of an inexpensive concentration procedure that includes high-intensive
magnetic separation and cation collector floatation, it is possible to achieve the needed feldspar composition (high Al2O3 (~20%), (Na2O + K2O) >12.5% and low FeOtot <0.25) for a marketable product. These data confirm economic potential of Piranshahr syenites as a huge feldspar source from
the geologic and beneficiation perspectives. 相似文献
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Physicochemical, mineralogical, and geochemical characteristics of 279 highly calcareous lacustrine sediment samples obtained from a 30 m drilling core in the western part of the Great Konya Basin, Turkey were studied. The sediments have a predominance of silt and clay fractions with a median diameter of 3–5 μm. Vertical changes of the amounts of water soluble components, gypsum, carbonates, and non-salt minerals such as quartz, feldspars, and layer silicates in the sediments suggest that there were climatic changes in the Konya Basin. The dominant clay mineral is smectite followed by kaolinite, illite, and palygorskite. The oxygen isotopic (δ18O) ratios of six quartz samples from the Konya sediments, a terra rossa soil beside Lake Bey
ehir gölü and paleosols at the foot of Mt. Erciyes Da
ranged from +18.1 to +20.6‰. The dominant clay minerals and δ18O ratios suggest that part of quartz and coexisting layer silicates is of long-range transported and/or local aeolian dust origin from arid and semi-arid regions such as North Africa, Israel, and the surroundings. The relatively high deposition rate might be due to aeolian dust input and/or the sediment input introduced by the rivers such as the Çar
amba river from the Toros (Taurus) mountains. The vertical distributions of electro-conductivity, amounts of water soluble and non-salt components, and the gypsum content of the sediments suggest that gypsum-rich layers were formed under shallow, saline waters, possibly associated with warm to hot and dry environments such as the Last Interglacial epoch and the Early Holocene. The sediments characterized by relatively high amounts of non-salt sediments, in which gypsum did not accumulate, could be deeper water phases formed under the cold and/or wet environments such as the Glacial epochs. 相似文献
19.
西南极南设得兰群岛乔治王岛菲尔德斯半岛土壤化学分析表明土壤中存在着一定的化学风化作用。相对于母质,土壤中的SiO_2、Al_2O_3、Fe_2O_3、FeO、MgO,GaO和Na_2O淋失,K_2O、H_2O~+、H_2O~-、TiO_2和P_2O_5富集。土壤中SiO_2/Al_2O_3的平均值为4.71,属弱风化壳类型。硅铝比反映出成土作用时间越长,土壤的风化程度越高,化学风化作用大于南极大陆边缘和内部。Al_2O_3在南极的淋失率大于SiO_2,使较老土壤剖面由下向上硅铝比增大。土壤的化学性质很大程度上取决于母质。南极强烈的冻融扰动作用破坏了土壤分层。土壤中存在着较强的水合作用。 相似文献
20.
太白山北坡成土因素及不同土壤垂直带谱的比较 总被引：1，自引：2，他引：1
在系统地考察太白山北坡地质、地貌、气候和植被等成土因素的基础上,总结和回顾了用土壤发生分类和土壤系统分类两种分类体系划定的太白山北坡土壤垂直带谱。根据最新的土壤系统分类,太白山北坡的土壤垂直带谱是:暗瘠寒冻雏形土(3500～3767m)———暗沃寒冻雏形土(3300～3500m)———酸性湿润雏形土(2500～3300m)———简育湿润淋溶土(1400～2500m)———简育干润淋溶土(<1400m)。分析、比较表明:两种体系有密切联系,均以成土因素为依据,建立在土壤发生学理论之上;与土壤地理发生分类相比,土壤系统分类用可以度量的诊断层和诊断特性进行土壤分类,不仅能够反映出山地土壤成土因素的垂直变化趋势,而且避免了太白山北坡土壤类型鉴定上的许多歧义。 相似文献