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麻痹性贝毒PSP在紫贻贝体内的累积、转化与排出 总被引:13,自引:2,他引:13
于1998年9月在青岛鲁迅公园附近礁石区采集紫贻贝(Mytilus edulis),采用实验室培养的方法,初步研究了塔玛亚历山大藻(Alexandrium tamarense,ATHK)产生的麻痹性贝毒(Paralytic Shellfish Poison,PSP)在其体内累积、转化与排出的规律。结果表明,在累积实验阶段,紫贻贝内脏的和肌肉中的PSP毒素含量均随实验时间的延长而逐渐增加,累积实验结束时,平均每只贝体内的PSP毒素含量为13.40nmol,毒性水平为12.24ugSTXEq/100g,紫贻贝内脏中的毒素含量远远高于肌肉,内脏中PSP毒素占贝体内PSP毒素总量的97.5%。在8天的排出实验阶段,贝体内的PSP毒素总量呈下降趋势,实验结束时,PSP毒素共排除了约50%,每天排除率约为9%。 相似文献
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氢化物原子荧光法测定人血、内脏及其它生态环境样中的硒 总被引:4,自引:1,他引:4
目前硒与生态环境和人体健康的关系已非常引人注目,氢化物原子荧光光谱法(HGAFS)测血^[1]及土壤样^[2,3]中硒已有过报道。我们曾用本法分析过小白鼠肝胃中硒。最近应肿瘤治疗及预防之需,研究了人体全血,膀胱病灶和病周组织中硒的测定。从土壤植物标样的分析数据及与催化极谱法测硒的对照结果看,方法可行。 相似文献
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2009-2013年,从青海湖裸鲤内脏器官中共分离获得6株发光细菌,编号依次为Q1、Q2、Q3、Q4、Q5、Q6.这6株发光细菌细胞壁革兰氏染色均为阴性,细胞为杆状,大小为(0.5~0.8)μm×(1.0~1.5)μm,具有单极生鞭毛,有运动性.氧化酶和接触酶均呈阳性反应,能发酵葡萄糖产酸;吲哚试验和V-P试验均为阳性反应,能分泌淀粉酶、明胶酶、DNA酶,能将硝酸盐还原为亚硝酸盐.最适生长温度为20~25℃,最适生长pH为8.5~9.0.16S rDNA基因序列分析结果表明,6株发光菌与其亲缘关系最近的属为Vibrio(弧菌属),该属内和此次实验的6株发光菌亲缘关系最近的种Vibrio anguillarum(鳗弧菌)的16S rDNA序列相似值为99.57%.Biolog GenⅢ鉴定结果显示,该实验的6株发光菌在有氧条件下,在提供的71种碳源中,只能利用其中的30种,其中,糖类12种,氨基酸类5种,羧酸类4种,聚合物类2种,其他类7种.结合6株发光菌的形态学特征、生理生化特性、Biolog Gen III鉴定结果和分子生物学特性,将菌株鉴定为Vibrio anguillarum.该菌所具有的发光特性为首次报道. 相似文献
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乌贼内脏粉的富镉问题及其饲料价值 总被引:7,自引:1,他引:7
乌贼内脏粉已被公认为优良的水产饲料原料,我们却发现其存在大量的镉。本文就乌贼内脏中镉的存在形式、其在水产动物 体内的积累状况及其对水产动物的影响进行试验。因此,乌贼内脏粉的富镉问题并不影响其 饲料价值。 相似文献
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Dissected tissues of three shellfish species,the Chinese scallop,Chlamys farreri,Manila clam,Ruditapes philippinarum,and Razor shell,Solen strictu were evaluated for in vitro transformation of paralytic shellfish poisoning(PSP) toxins. Tissue homogenates were incubated with extraction from toxic algae Alexandrium minutum to determine toxin conversion. The effects of heating and addition of a natural reductant(glutathione) on toxin conversion were also assessed. The toxin profile was investigated through high performance liquid chromatography with fluorescence detection(HPLC-FLD) . The evident variations in the toxin content were observed only in Chinese scallop viscera homogenates. The concentration of GTX4 was reduced by 45%(approximately 0.8 μmol/dm 3 ) and 25%(approximately 1 μmol/dm 3 ) for GTX1,while GTX2 and GTX3 increased by six times(approximately 1 μmol/dm 3 ) and 3 times(approximately 0.3 μmol/dm 3 ) respectively. Simultaneously,the total toxicity decreased by 38% during the 48 h incubation period,the final toxicity was 20.4 nmol STXeq/g. Furthermore,heated Chinese scallop viscera homogenates samples were compared with non-heated samples. The concentration of the GTX4 and GTX1 was clearly 28%(approximately 0.53 μmol/dm 3 ) and 17%(approximately 0.69 μmol/dm 3 ) higher in heated samples,GTX2 and GTX3 were four times(0.66 μmol/dm 3 ) and two times(0.187 μmol/dm 3 ) lower respectively. GSH(+) Chinese scallop viscera homogenates samples were compared with GSH(-) samples,the concentration in the GTX4 and GTX1 was 9%(approximately 0.12 μmol/dm 3 ) and 11%(approximately 0.36 μmol/dm 3 ) lower respectively,GTX2 and GTX3 was 17%(approximately 0.14 μmol/dm 3 ) and 19%(approximately 0.006 μmol/dm 3 ) higher respectively. In contrast,there was a little change in the concentration of PSP toxins of Manila clam and Razor shell tissue homogenates. These observations on three shellfish tissues confirmed that there were species-specific differences in PSP toxins transformation. PSP toxins transformation was more pronounced in viscera tissue than in muscle tissue. PSP toxins was possibly interfered by some carbamoylase enzyme,and the activity in Chinese scallop viscera tissue is more remarkable than in the other two species. 相似文献
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足杯虫(Dinonischus)是一种珍稀的单体悬浮滤食的表栖生物,足杯虫由锥形的萼上环绕着苞片及细长的茎组成。内脏团和胃囊位于萼腔内。由于足杯虫与现代内肛虫类动物外形和生活方式比较相似,曾被认为可能是现代内肛虫的原始祖先。足杯虫全球只有布尔吉斯、澄江生物群中有产出。本文报导的足杯虫是凯里生物群中惟一的一块标本。凯里生物群足杯虫的发现扩展了它的地理分布,表明此类珍稀动物也可生活于深水环境。足杯虫Dinonischus在凯里生物群的发现@彭进$贵州大学资源与环环境工程学院!贵阳,550003古生物地层国家重点实验室,贵州大学,贵阳,550… 相似文献
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于2013年4月从宁德患内脏白点病大黄鱼(Pseudosciaena crocea)中分离得到两株优势菌NZBD9和NZBD11,这两株菌在16—19°C条件下回归感染能引起大黄鱼内脏白点病,而在7—10°C和24—27°C条件下同样的人工感染不能致病,从而证实这两株菌为大黄鱼内脏白点病的病原菌。经16S rDNA基因的测序和时间飞行质谱微生物鉴定仪分析,NZBD9和NZBD11同为变形假单胞菌。药敏性实验结果显示NZBD9对庆大霉素、诺氟沙星和四环素等7种药物高度敏感。组织病理学观察结果显示病鱼的肝脏、脾脏、头肾等组织中均出现明显病症,如变性和坏死。 相似文献
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为了能够有效利用糙刺参内脏蛋白,以水解度为主要指标,对酶解蛋白酶进行了筛选,并系统研究了酶解温度、p H、加酶量和水解时间等单因素对水解度的影响。在此基础上,利用响应面中心组合设计实验,对酶解工艺进行了优化,得到以温度、p H、加酶量及水解时间为因子的二次方程,通过方差分析和验证性实验得出,此二次方程能较好反应海参内脏团蛋白水解度的变化规律,得到最佳水解条件为:温度52.66℃,p H 6.71,加酶量2.5%(质量分数),酶解时间10 h,预测最高水解度为49.58%。最佳酶解条件下所得多肽74%以上分子质量小于500 Da。利用DPPH法测定最佳条件酶解所得多肽的抗氧化活性,3 g/L的抗氧化率达到了24.8%,利用ABTS法测定最佳条件酶解所得多肽的抗氧化活性,3 g/L的抗氧化率达到了0.255μmol/g。为海参内脏蛋白的利用提供了参考。 相似文献