Low altitude observations of the energetic electrons in the outer radiation belt during isolated substorms     

L. Varga  D. Venkatesan  C.-I. Meng 《Planetary and Space Science》1985,33(11):1259-1266

The low energy (1–20 keV) detector registering particles onboard the polar-orbiting low altitude (~ 850 km) DMSP-F2 and -F3 satellites also records high energy electrons penetrating the detector walls. Thus we can study the dynamics of this electron population at L = 3.5, during isolated periods of magnetospheric substorms identified by the indices of auroral electrojet (AE), geomagnetic (K_p) and ring current (D_st). Temporal changes in the electron flux during the substorms are observed to be an additional contribution riding over the top of the pre-storm (or geomagnetically quiet-time) electron population ; the duration of the interval of intensity variation is observed to be about the same as that of the enhancement of the AE index. This indicates the temporal response of the outer radiation belt to the substorm activity, since the observation was made in the “horns” of the outer radiation belt. The observed enhanced radiation at low altitude may associate with the instantaneous increase and/or dumping of the outer radiation belt energetic electrons during each isolated substorm activity.  相似文献   

P-T大气稳定度日夜分界限取值的研究     

孟庆珍  邓新民 《成都信息工程学院学报》1991,(2)

本文用两种不同日夜分界限统计了成都、重庆的P-T大气稳定度频率。结果表明,两种分界统计大气稳定度频率,不稳定类完全相同;以h=0分界比以h=k_1分界中性频率增加,稳定频率减少,两者频率差值大小与地理位置、气候和天气特征有关;这与理论分析完全符合。通过对比指出,h=0分界的应用有局限性。同时,通过计算表明,实际工作中,太阳赤纬σ每十日取一概略值已足够精确了。  相似文献   

Radiative Shock Experiments At Luli     

M. Koenig  T. Vinci  A. Benuzzi-Mounaix  S. Lepape  N. Ozaki  S. Bouquet  L. Boireau  S. Leygnac  C. Michaut  C. Stehle  J. -P. Chièze  D. Batani  T. Hall  K. Tanaka  M. Yoshida 《Astrophysics and Space Science》2005,298(1-2):69-74

We present the set-up and the results of a supercritical radiative shock experiment performed with the LULI nanosecond laser facility. Using specific designed targets filled with xenon gaz at low pressure, the propagation of a strong shock with a radiative precursor is evidenced. The main measured quantities related to the shock (electronic density, propagation velocities, temperature, radial dimension) are presented and compared with various numerical simulations.  相似文献   

干振碎石桩复合地基处理及其效果     

程礼来  武开文  孟凡奇  牛二元  程礼来 《河南国土资源》1996,(3)

干振碎石桩是处理松软地基土的一种行之有效的方法，它是挤密桩的一种。新乡市地方铁路处仓库场地经干振碎石桩地基处理后，桩间土密实度有明显的提高，液化指数大幅度降低，复合地基承载力相应提高，满足了设计要求。  相似文献   

The horizontal solar telescope with spectrograph at Stará Lesná Observatory     

A. Kučera  J. Rybák  M. Minarovjech  D. Novocký  M. Saniga 《Astrophysics and Space Science》1990,171(1-2):279-281

The construction and the optical design as well as the controlling electronic device and the spectrum recording of the new horizontal solar telescope with the spectrograph of the Astronomical Institute of Slovak Academy of Sciences are described. Also some of its adjustments and improvements are briefly mentioned.Paper presented at the 11th European Regional Astronomical Meetings of the IAU on New Windows to the Universe, held 3–8 July, 1989, Tenerife, Canary Islands, Spain.  相似文献   

2017年贵州中西部冰雹流型识别和物理量特征检验          下载免费PDF全文

吴哲红  胡秋红  蒙军  符凤平  王兴菊 《中低纬山地气象》2018,42(6):8-14

摘 要:本文对2017年贵州中西部发生的7次冰雹天气过程进行了环流划分和特征物理量分析,并与万雪丽等的环流划分方法和物理量指标做了比较,结果表明环流分型方法基本适用于贵州中西部的冰雹天气,大气层结背景如0℃层、-20℃层高度,层结温差,CAPE等与标准有一致的地方,也有不一致的地方,说明原有的物理量阈值有可改进的地方。采用NCEP1°×1°再分析资料,对冰雹发生最近时刻的环境潜势物理量特征的分析发现,各型对流性天气物理量特征有着共同的特征,且物理量的强度、配置等对于产生对流性天气的强度、种类有一定的指示作用。  相似文献   

The effects of climate change on heating energy consumption of office buildings in different climate zones in China     

Meng  Fanchao  Li  Mingcai  Cao  Jingfu  Li  Ji  Xiong  Mingming  Feng  Xiaomei  Ren  Guoyu 《Theoretical and Applied Climatology》2018,133(1-2):521-530

Theoretical and Applied Climatology - Climate plays an important role in heating energy consumption owing to the direct relationship between space heating and changes in meteorological conditions....  相似文献   

Different Asian Monsoon Rainfall Responses to Idealized Orography Sensitivity Experiments in the HadGEM3-GA6 and FGOALS-FAMIL Global Climate Models     

Kai Chi WONG  Senfeng LIU  Andrew G.TURNER  Reinhard K.SCHIEMANN 《大气科学进展》2018,35(8):1049-1062

Recent work has shown the dominance of the Himalaya in supporting the Indian summer monsoon(ISM),perhaps by surface sensible heating along its southern slope and by mechanical blocking acting to separate moist tropical flow from drier midlatitude air.Previous studies have also shown that Indian summer rainfall is largely unaffected in sensitivity experiments that remove only the Tibetan Plateau.However,given the large biases in simulating the monsoon in CMIP5 models,such results may be model dependent.This study investigates the impact of orographic forcing from the Tibetan Plateau,Himalaya and Iranian Plateau on the ISM and East Asian summer monsoon(EASM) in the UK Met Office's Had GEM3-GA6 and China's Institute of Atmospheric Physics FGOALS-FAMIL global climate models.The models chosen feature oppositesigned biases in their simulation of the ISM rainfall and circulation climatology.The changes to ISM and EASM circulation across the sensitivity experiments are similar in both models and consistent with previous studies.However,considerable differences exist in the rainfall responses over India and China,and in the detailed aspects such as onset and retreat dates.In particular,the models show opposing changes in Indian monsoon rainfall when the Himalaya and Tibetan Plateau orography are removed.Our results show that a multi-model approach,as suggested in the forthcoming Global Monsoon Model Intercomparison Project(GMMIP) associated with CMIP6,is needed to clarify the impact of orographic forcing on the Asian monsoon and to fully understand the implications of model systematic error.  相似文献   

丝绸之路核心区达到1.5度和2度温升的时间和相应的气候变化（英文）          下载免费PDF全文

ZHOU Tian-Jun  SUN Ning  ZHANG Wen-Xia  CHEN Xiao-Long  PENG Dong-Dong  LI Dong-Huan  REN Li-Wen  ZUO Meng 《大气和海洋科学快报》2018,(2)

研究目的:本文采用CMIP5多模式的集合平均,针对多种排放情景,估算了丝绸之路核心区达到1.5度和2度温升的时间,比较了全球平均温度达到1.5度和2度温升阈值时丝绸之路核心区的平均气候和极端气候指标的变化。创新要点:中国西部和中亚位于古丝绸之路核心区,是连接东西方的桥梁。1.5度和2度温控目标的设定,是国际社会应对全球变暖的重要举措。理解在上述增暖阈值下丝绸之路核心区平均气候和极端气候的可能变化,将为一带一路战略的实施提供重要科学参考。研究方法:CMIP5多模式集合平均重要结论:相较于当前气候态(1986–2005年),在四种排放情景下,即RCP2.6、RCP4.5、RCP6.0和RCP8.5,CMIP5多模式集合预估的丝绸之路核心区到21世纪末将分别增温1.5、2.9、2.6和6.0°C。在四种排放情景下,年平均降水较之当前气候态均显著增加,其中在RCP8.5情景下增加约14%。四种排放情景下的预估结果,均显示丝绸之路核心区将在2020年前温升达到1.5°C。在RCP8.5情景下,该地区将在2020年代温升达到2.0°C,而在RCP4.5情景下,温升达到2.0°C的时间则推迟到2030年代。比较全球温升1.5和2.0°C的气候变化,发现全球额外升温0.5°C(较之1.5°C温升阈值)将导致丝绸之路核心区升温0.73°C(0.49–0.94°C),高于全球平均温度的变化,极端热浪的天数将增加4.2天,年平均降水增加2.72%(0.47%–3.82%),而连续干旱日数的变化则具有区域依赖性。  相似文献   

1980-2020年山西省极端降水的研究     

丁敏  李妍  孟洁  韩琛惠  高珍  牛云 《沙漠与绿洲气象(新疆气象)》2023,17(6)

基于1980-2020年山西省109个气象观测站点的逐日降水资料,选取10个极端降水指数,采用气候倾向率、相关分析、因子分析、R/S预测方法等方法,对山西省极端降水进行了时空分布的研究,以期为山西省的气候变化、生态环境保护、防灾减灾、气象服务工作提供参考依据,结果表明：(1)从时间尺度来看,1980-2020年期间,山西省极端降水的强度和极值都有明显增加,连续干旱日数和连续湿日日数呈下降趋势,其余均表现出不同程度的增加,其中年总降水量增加幅度最明显;从空间尺度来看,年总降水量、降水强度、降水频率、极值均为从西北向东南逐渐增多,空间差异较明显;从各站点的空间分布来看,北部和中部地区的极端事件增加最显著,北部地区的干旱日数仍以增加趋势为主,连续湿日日数气候倾向率的空间差异较大,中部地区站点显著增加,南北部以减少趋势为主;(2)基于相关分析方法表明各极端降水指数(除干旱日数外)与年总降水量都有很好的相关关系,强降水量和极强降水量对年总降水量的贡献值呈现出增加趋势;采用因子分析方法提取了3个公共因子,方差贡献率累计达到了87％,可以看出极端降水强度和降水量指数在对极端降水方面影响较大;利用R/S分析法可以得到年总降水量、中雨日数、大雨日数、最大5日降水量这几个指数未来呈现弱减少趋势,而干旱日数仍为减少趋势,连续湿日日数为持续弱增加趋势。总体看来,山西省极端降水近年来呈现出增加趋势,在空间分布有明显差异。  相似文献