应用KDD技术分析气象地质灾害与降水的关系     

彭贵芬  段旭  舒康宁  周毅 《气象科技》2007,35(2):252-257

应用人工智能技术——数据库中知识发现(KDD)技术,分析研究发生在云南省境内造成重大损失的气象地质灾害的发生与当日及前期降水的关系。结果表明,绝大多数气象地质灾害都是由强降水诱发的,云南气象地质灾害与发生当日及前期降水的关系主要有3种类型,即暴雨诱发型、多日中大雨诱发型和连阴雨诱发型。所得到的云南气象地质灾害与当日及前期降水的定量关系,为云南地质灾害的气象监测、预报模式的建立提供了依据。  相似文献   

通过第一性原理预测内地核的成分与结构     

崔航  段振豪  张志刚 《岩石学报》2010,26(4):1322-1328

内地核成分与结构的确定一直是地球深部研究的重要课题。目前地核的公认成分是铁和少量的镍。但由于地核密度低于纯粹的铁镍合金(固态内核2%～3%,液态外核6%～7%),其中必定掺杂有一定量的轻元素,其种类与浓度有待确定。除成分外,地核条件下铁的晶体结构也存在争议。根据地震学观测,声波沿地轴方向的传播速度比赤道平面方向快大约3%～4%。这意味着内地核是各向异性的;但在极端高压下,晶体结构中的原子应该按致密的密排六方结构(h.c.p)排列,而h.c.p结构对声波传输是高度各向同性的,这就需要确定地核条件下铁的晶体结构。根据第一性原理计算得到的高压下体系能量以及爱因斯坦谐振子模型,本项研究估算了给定结构的自由能以及掺杂轻元素后的影响。根据计算结果可以定性的分析得出,在高压OK下致密的h.c.p结构显然比疏松的体心立方(b.c.c)更稳定;而随着温度的升高,原子核的振动造成b.c.c结构的自由能比h.c.p结构下降得更快,因此在高温下b.c.c结构更稳定;掺杂轻元素后,这种优势变得更加明显,而3.6at.%的Si则恰好同时解释了2%～3%的密度缺失和b.c.c结构在内地核条件下的稳定性。因此我们建议内地核的基本结构与成分应为以体心立方结构存在的铁,掺杂约3.6at.%的硅元素,内地核温度至少在5500K以上。这一结论与其它更复杂的方法得到的结果一致。  相似文献   

Replacement of Dietary Fish Oil with Vegetable Oils Improves the Growth and Flesh Quality of Large Yellow Croaker （Larmichthys crocea）   总被引：2，自引：1，他引：1  

DUAN Qingyuan  MAI Kangsen  SHENTU Jikang  AI Qinghui  ZHONG Huiying  JIANG Yujian  ZHANG Lu  ZHANG Chunxiao  GUO Sitong 《中国海洋大学学报(英文版)》2014,13(3):445-452

We investigated the effect of the replacement of dietary fish oil with vegetable oils on the growth and flesh quality of large yellow croaker(Larmichthys crocea). The basal diet(FO) was formulated to contain 66.5% fish meal and 6.4% menhaden fish oil; whereas the other 3 experimental diets were formulated by replacing the fish oil with 50% soybean oil(SO50), 100% soybean oil(SO100) and 100% palm oil(PO100), respectively. The 4 diets were randomly assigned to 4 floating sea cages(3.0 m × 3.0 m × 3.0 m), and each was stocked with 250 fish individuals with an initial average weight of 245.29 g ± 7.45 g. The fish were fed to apparent satiation twice a day at 5:00 and 17:00, respectively, for 12 weeks. Experimental analysis showed that the specific growth rate of fish fed SO50 or PO100 were significantly higher than that of fish fed FO or SO100(P0.05), and crude lipid contents of ventral muscle and viscera were significantly lower in fish fed FO than in those fed the other 3 diets(P0.05). No significant differences in condition factor, viscerosomatic index, hepatosomatic index, gutted yield and colorimetric values of fish among the dietary treatments were observed(P0.05). Compared to FO diet, SO50, SO100 and PO100 diets led to substantial decreases in the liquid loss and water loss from fresh fillets(1 d, 4℃)(P0.05). Similarly, thiobarbituric acid reactive substance(TBARS) values of fillets under different storage conditions(1 d, 4℃; 7 d, 4℃; 4 weeks,-20℃; 8 weeks,-20℃) decreased significantly after partial or complete replacement of fish oil with vegetable oils. These findings indicated that the growth performance and selected flesh quality properties(liquid holding capacity and TBARS value) of large yellow croaker were substantially improved by replacing dietary fish oil with vegetable oils.  相似文献   

Relationships between fractal road and drainage networks in Wuling mountainous area: Another symmetric understanding of human-environment relations   总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0  

Cheng-liang Liu  De-zhong Duan  Hong Zhang 《山地科学学报》2014,11(4):1060-1069

Symmetrical relationships between humans and their environment have been referred to as an extension of symmetries in the human geographical system and have drawn great attention. This paper explored the symmetry between physical and human systems through fractal analysis of the road and drainage networks in Wuling mountainous area. We found that both the road and drainage networks reflect weak clustering distributions. The evolution of the road network shared a significant self-organizing composition, while the drainage network showed obvious double fraetal characteristics. The geometric fractal dimension of the road network was larger than that of the drainage network. In addition, when assigned a weight relating to hierarchy or length, neither the road network nor drainage network showed a fractal property. These findings indicated that the fractal evolution of the road network shared certain similarities with fractal distribution of the drainage network. The symmetry between the two systems resulted from an interactive process of destroying symmetry at the lower order and reconstructing symmetry at the higher order. The relationships between the fractal dimensions of the rural-urban road network, the drainage network andthe urban system indicated that the development of this area was to achieve the symmetrical isomorphism of physical-human geographical systems.  相似文献   

浅谈如何做好为农服务类气象节目     

高洪涛 《内蒙古气象》2014,(4):38-40

文章通过分析农村受众对电视气象节目的心理需求,结合近几年内蒙古气象影视所开展的为农气象服务和自身工作体会,对如何利用影视平台做好为农气象服务进行探讨。  相似文献   

淮河流域大气环流型在冬季气温预测中的应用   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

段雯瑜  邓伟涛 《气象与减灾研究》2014,(1):6-12

应用Lamb-Jenkinson大气环流分型方法,根据由1970—2012年NCEP/NCAR逐日海平面气压场计算得到的环流指数,对淮河流域的环流进行分型。分析了冬季主要环流型和气温的分布特征及两者的联系,并以环流指数和主要环流型为预测因子,结合经验正交函数分解(EOF)方法和逐步回归方法,建立了淮河流域冬季气温距平的预测模型。结果表明,淮河流域冬季的主要环流型是东北风型、东风型、反气旋环流型以及东北风、东风配合下的反气旋性环流型,划分的环流型符合实际情况,这些环流型具有显著的年际和年代际变化特征。通过对预测模型进行后报试验和独立预报试验,表明该模型具有一定的预报技巧。  相似文献   

环境因子对敦煌莫高窟洞窟水分蒸发的影响     

李红寿  汪万福  詹鸿涛  邱飞 《干旱气象》2014,32(6)

环境因子对洞窟水分蒸发有重要影响.在敦煌莫高窟72窟蒸发水分的收集过程中,通过对窟内温度和湿度的控制,分析窟内温湿度对水分蒸发的影响及作用机理,并根据围岩水分蒸发机理,探讨影响水分蒸发的外部环境因子.结果表明,洞窟2.0℃的温度变化即可对水分蒸发产生显著影响,短期内蒸发量可增大1倍以上.温度高、蒸发量大,可导致窟内相对湿度增加,因此目前全球性的气温升高对洞窟文物将产生不利影响.敦煌地区降雨量的增加增大了空气潮湿过程激活壁画盐分的可能.莫高窟所处的地理位置、地热、地形结构、围岩孔隙度和洞窟结构本身对围岩水分蒸发有重要影响.本文从环境因素揭示了莫高窟壁画能够保存至今的关键原因,为今后洞窟文物的更好保护提供了新思路.  相似文献   

CFD-based numerical analysis of a variable cross-section cylinder     

Jinlong Duan  Weiping Huang 《中国海洋大学学报(英文版)》2014,13(4):584-588

Using ANSYS-CFX, a general purpose fluid dynamics program, the vortex-induced vibration (VIV) of a variable cross-section cylinder is simulated under uniform current with high Reynolds numbers. Large eddy simulation (LES) is conducted for studying the fluid-structure interaction. The vortex shedding in the wake, the motion trajectories of a cylinder, the variation of drag and lift forces on the cylinder are analyzed. The results show that the vortices of variable cross-section cylinder are chaotic and are varying along the cylinder. In places where cross-sections are changing significantly, the vortices are more irregular. The motion trail of the cylinder is almost the same but irregular. The drag and lift coefficients of the cylinder are varying with the changes of diameters.  相似文献   

血管介入手术中的柔性虚拟力触觉系统研究     

冯安洋  陈笋  陈柏  耿令波  吴洪涛 《南京气象学院学报》2014,6(6):520-524

随着微创手术的发展,虚拟手术的应用前景越来越广阔.力反馈作为虚拟手术的核心技术,其实现的效果直接影响了虚拟手术的沉浸感.通过对经典包围盒碰撞检测算法进行研究比对,选择了球包围盒的碰撞检测算法,并建立了精确的反馈力计算模型,实现了介入血管中的柔性碰撞仿真.该仿真具有很高的实时性和精度.  相似文献   

基于城市内涝仿真模型的天津风暴潮灾害评估          下载免费PDF全文

段丽瑶  解以扬  陈靖  赵玉洁  任雨 《应用气象学报》2014,25(3):354-359

基于城市内涝仿真模型,根据天津沿海地区的地形、地貌特征以及排水系统等对城市内涝仿真模型进行改进,在沿海边界和河口设置时变水位,使得模型拓展到既能模拟暴雨产生的内涝,也能模拟由于风暴潮侵袭造成的淹没情景。该模型对天津沿海地区历史上典型风暴潮个例以及10年、20年、50年、100年一遇重现期风暴潮产生的积水范围和积水深度进行了模拟,并对2012年8月3日台风达维 (1210) 造成的天津沿海风暴潮进行了业务试应用。将历史风暴潮个例模拟结果以及2012年8月3日的评估结果与实际灾情进行对比,结果显示模型具有较好的模拟能力,可应用于风暴潮灾害的评估和预估业务中,为相关部门和行业提供决策参考。  相似文献