海洋效应对中国沿海地磁观测影响——以广州台站为例   总被引：2，自引：1，他引：1       下载免费PDF全文

李建平  翁爱华  李世文  杨悦  唐裕  张艳辉 《地球物理学报》2018,61(2):649-658

以广州台站为例,研究海洋效应对中国沿海地磁观测C-响应的影响.海洋效应的三维正演模拟采用球坐标系下交错网格有限差分方法,假设磁层环形电流源,正演电阻率结构模型采用"地表3-D电导+1-D层状背景"复合模型.数值模拟结果表明,中国地区沿海C-响应受海洋效应影响明显.在空间上,沿海岸线方向,受海洋效应影响,单周期的C-响应由无海洋效应的常值变形为平行于海岸线的等值线密集梯度带;在垂直海岸方向,海洋效应影响向内陆减小,其影响可达哈尔滨-贵阳一线.海洋效应影响采用比值法进行校正,以广州台站为例,在比值曲线上发现海洋效应对C-响应的影响最大周期可达20天左右,并且就中国沿海而言,相对全球平均一维模型,利用中国地区平均一维电导率模型作为背景模型的海洋效应校正结果更加合理.进一步对广州台站海洋效应校正前后的C-响应进行了1-D反演,由于校正前的C-响应在小周期时受海洋效应特别大,直接反演无法拟合数据;但校正后反演拟合明显变好,得到的1-D导电模型表明广州地区上地幔及地幔转换带的电阻率比中国平均电阻率高约一个量级,推测中国华南地区南部的地幔转换带可能处于相对冷的环境,该模型可能成为菲律宾海板块西向俯冲并滞留到华南大陆下方地幔转换带的电性证据.  相似文献   

基于匹配追踪和遗传算法的大地电磁噪声压制   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1       下载免费PDF全文

李晋  燕欢  汤井田  张贤  李广  朱会杰 《地球物理学报》2018,61(7):3086-3101

针对匹配追踪计算量大、大地电磁数据处理效率低的问题,提出基于匹配追踪和遗传算法的大地电磁噪声压制方法.首先,利用Gabor原子构建过完备原子库,并对过完备原子库集合进行划分.然后,借助遗传算法的自适应性,快速搜寻最优匹配原子及所在位置.最后,运用最优匹配原子对待处理信号进行稀疏分解,重构有用信号.通过对计算机模拟的典型强干扰和矿集区实测大地电磁数据进行分析处理,实验结果表明,相对于匹配追踪和正交匹配追踪,文中所提方法能从过完备原子库中快速、自适应地选取最优匹配原子与不同噪声干扰类型高精度的匹配,极大地提升了计算效率;大地电磁时间域序列中的大尺度强干扰被有效剔除,视电阻率曲线更为光滑、连续,低频段的数据质量得到明显改善.  相似文献   

宾川地区的地壳厚度和泊松比分布特征研究     

邓嘉美  金明培  陈佳  高琼  张华英  王军  叶泵 《中国地震研究》2017,31(1):79-89

This paper presents the changes of crust thickness and Poissons ratios distribution in the Binchuan region,where the first air-gun transmitting station and its a small dense array were deployed.From September 2011 to January 2014,more than 239 teleseismic events of M≥6.0 were recorded in 16 stations in the Binchuan region.Their P-wave receiver functions were analyzed respectively.The high spatial resolution result shows that the average crust thickness of Binchuan region is 45.3km,it follows the rule of"deeper in the north and east part,shallower in the south and west part."The deepest region is in Xiaoyindian Station;the crust thickness is 47.9km;the shallowest region is in Paiying Station,it has the thickness of 42.1km.It shows that the deeper Moho surface nearby the Chenghai fault and shallower nearby the Honghe fault;the isoline distribution of thickness changes greatly nearby the Chenghai fault and slowly nearby the Honghe fault.From the distribution of Poissons ratios,it is unevenly in the study area with a great difference from the north part to the south part,which shows a characteristic of"lower in the north,higher in the south".The Poissons ratio nearby the Honghe fault is medium too high(0.26≤σ≤0.29);lower nearby the Chenghai fault(σ≤0.26).This paper concludes the possible reason of different characteristic between Poissons ratio and crust thickness is thicker in the upper crust in the Binchuan region.  相似文献   

浅部约束的地磁测深C-响应一维反演          下载免费PDF全文

李世文  翁爱华  李建平  唐裕  张艳辉  杨悦  李大俊  李斯睿 《地球物理学报》2017,60(3):1201-1210

地磁测深研究的周期范围通常为10~5~10~7s,缺少反映浅部电性结构的短周期信息,而C-响应受浅部电阻率影响明显,因此本文提出在反演中增加浅部(约200 km)电阻率约束以提高深部反演的稳定性和可靠性.在磁层环状电流满足P_1~0假设的条件下,球坐标系中一维导电薄球层状地球的C-响应和电导率分布关系由边界条件通过递推的方法计算得到.反演采用有限内存拟牛顿(L-BFGS)法;浅部电阻率约束通过将目标函数对模型参数的梯度设为零来实现;通过置信区间分析评价约束反演结果的可靠性.合成数据的无约束反演虽然最终的拟合效果很好,但浅部电阻率受初始模型影响,差异较大;采用浅部约束后,反演结果对初始模型依赖性明显减小,同时还能显著提高200~600 km范围内反演结果的准确性.对全球近地轨道卫星观测的C-响应数据约束反演后结果与前人一致,表现为地幔电导率整体上随着深度的增加而增加.参数置信区间分析表明,由于约束反演加入了浅部信息,电阻率的变化范围更加紧致,说明反演结果更加可靠.因此,有必要通过其他地球物理方法,如长周期大地电磁测深等获得浅部电阻率分布,作为先验信息参加反演,进行浅部约束的C-响应反演,获得更可靠的一维全深度电性结构,为地磁测深数据解释奠定基础.  相似文献   

Origin and Evolution of Aquitard Porewater in the Western Coastal Plain of Bohai Bay,China   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2       下载免费PDF全文

Jing Li  Xing Liang  Menggui Jin  Jilong Yang  Bin Ma  Qin Ge 《Ground water》2017,55(6):917-925

High‐salinity paleowater from low‐permeability aquitards in coastal areas can be a major threat to groundwater resources; however, such water has rarely been studied. The chemical and isotopic compositions of porewater extracted from a 200‐m‐thick Quaternary sedimentary sequence in the western coastal plain of Bohai Bay, China, were analyzed to investigate the salinity origin and chemical evolution of porewater in aquitards. Porewater samples derived at depths shallower than 32 m are characterized by Cl‐Na type saline water (total dissolved solids [TDS], 10.9–84.3 g/L), whereas those at depths greater than 32 m comprise Cl·SO₄‐Na type brackish water (TDS, 2.2–6.3 g/L). Saline porewater is interpreted as evaporated seawater prior to halite saturation, as evidenced by Cl‐Br relationships. Although substantial dilution of saline porewater with meteoric water is supported by a wider Cl^? range and δ²H‐δ¹⁸O covariance, the original marine waters were not completely flushed out. The deeper brackish porewater is determined to be a mixture of fresher porewater and brine groundwater and had a component of old brine of less than 10%, as indicated by a mixing model defined using δ²H and Cl^? tracers. Porewater δ²H‐δ¹⁸O relationships and negative deuterium excess ranging from ?25.9‰ to ?2.9‰ indicate the existence of an arid climate since Late Pleistocene in Tianjin Plain. The aquitard porewaters were chemically modified through water‐rock interactions due to the long residence time.  相似文献   

新疆精河M_W6.3地震产生的静态应力变化研究     

李瑶  万永革  靳志同  黄骥超  刘兆才  杨帆 《中国地震》2017,33(4):671-681

利用精河M_W6.3地震有限断层破裂模型,计算了精河地震产生的位移场、应力场、周围主要断层上的静态库仑应力变化以及主震对余震的触发作用。结果表明:(1)精河地震产生的地表隆升最大值约为6.6cm,沉降最大值约为1.8cm;水平位移方向呈现震中南北侧向震中汇聚、震中东西侧向外"流出"的特点。(2)精河地震产生的水平面应力场展布南北侧物质主要受到指向震中的拉张力作用,东西两侧物质主要受到因震中过剩物质东西向排出而导致的东西向挤压力作用。(3)震中西侧距震中约20km的库松木契克山前断裂中段和震中东北部距震中约50km的四棵树-古尔图南断裂西段的库仑应力加载均大于0.01MPa,即2处为地震危险区。(4)在震源深度为8~12km的余震事件中,约有85.5%处于库仑应力加载区,即受到主震的的触发作用;在深度为4~8km的余震事件中,约有87%受到主震的应力触发作用。  相似文献   

龙门山断裂带上“破裂空段”的发震概率研究     

宋金  蒋海昆  孟令媛  臧阳 《中国地震》2017,33(2):219-228

本文采用分层粘弹性介质模型计算了汶川地震对芦山震中产生的库仑应力加载的影响,进而结合Dieterich(1994)提出的速率状态摩擦定律给出芦山附近区域6级地震累积发震概率随时间的变化。结果显示,2013年芦山7.0级地震时其累积发震概率达18%,说明汶川地震产生的应力扰动加速了芦山地震的发生。本文还计算了汶川、芦山2次地震对其间"破裂空段"处产生的累积库仑应力扰动的影响,结合背景地震发生率,给出了"破裂空段"处6级地震累积发震概率变化。虽然计算结果可能受到大邑地震、介质模型参数的选取和背景地震发生概率等因素影响而存在一定误差,但"破裂空段"在2次强震应力加载下累积发震概率是不断增大的,因此我们认为"破裂空段"处发生中强地震的紧迫性不断增强。  相似文献   

鄂尔多斯盆地南缘中寒武统张夏组鲕粒滩相储层特征及主控因素     

李维岭  周进高  吴兴宁  吴东旭  王少依  丁振纯  于洲 《海相油气地质》2021,26(1)

鄂尔多斯盆地寒武系深层具有良好的勘探潜力,中寒武统张夏组为寒武系勘探的重要目的层系。通过野外剖面详测和岩心、薄片观察及实验分析,对张夏组储层的特征、成因及主控因素进行了分析和研究,并预测了有利储层发育区。研究表明:①张夏组主要发育台缘鲕粒白云岩和台内鲕粒白云岩2类储层。②台缘带鲕粒滩累计厚度集中在50~300 m之间,鲕粒粒径平均为1.25 mm,鲕粒白云岩储集空间以溶蚀孔洞、粒间溶孔和晶间(溶)孔为主,平均测井孔隙度和渗透率分别为2.0%和0.038×10^-3μm²。③台内鲕粒滩厚度在50~120 m之间,鲕粒粒径平均为0.85 mm,鲕粒白云岩储集空间以溶蚀孔洞、粒间溶孔为主,平均测井孔隙度和渗透率分别为3.3%和2.787×10^-3μm²。④张夏组储层受鲕粒滩相、白云石化以及三级/四级层序界面控制,台缘规模有利储层发育在四级海退层序中上部的鲕粒白云岩地层中,台内规模有利储层发育在寒武系顶部不整合面之下的鲕粒白云岩地层中。预测台缘岐山—旬邑一带和台内陇东地区为两大规模有利储层发育区。  相似文献   

黄土液化微细观特性试验研究   总被引：9，自引：6，他引：3       下载免费PDF全文

安亮  邓津  王兰民 《地震工程学报》2018,40(4):752-758

黄土液化演化过程的微观机理分析是液化防御的科学问题之一。通过微细观及动力学试验探索黄土液化的本质和影响因素。首先用CT细观扫描实验探索黄土渗透液化的细观变化,研究表明土体液面上升的根本原因是弱碱性盐类胶结物的吸水作用导致土样含水面整体上升;试样达到高饱和度,大孔隙周围颗粒间胶结物质破坏后有效应力为零,土层液化。粉土的孔隙尺寸和特殊的胶结物质导致高饱和度。土样微观结构的差异也会影响土的液面上升和破坏强度。针对低黏性粉土、粉质砂土及粉质黏土的三类黄土液化实验分析表明,低黏性粉土动荷加载时间更短,更易于液化,即低粘性粉土液化最为严重,粉质砂土为中等液化,粉质黏土相比其他黄土类别不易液化。电镜扫描土样微观结构参数分析表明,土颗粒周围胶结物质的化学元素比值(Ca/Fe),以及土颗粒粒径分布和孔隙尺寸(孔隙与颗粒比)均影响液化等级,可初步判断液化的强弱。  相似文献   

C-RESPONSE OF GEOMAGNETIC DEPTH SOUNDING ON A 1D THIN SHELL MODEL          下载免费PDF全文

LI Shi-wen  WENG Ai-hua  TANG Yu  ZHANG Yan-hui  LI Jian-ping  YANG Yue 《地震地质》2018,40(2):337-348

This paper tries to formulate the C-response of geomagnetic depth sounding(GDS)on an Earth model with finite electrical conductivity. The computation is performed in a spherical coordinate system. The Earth is divided into a series of thin spherical shells. The source is approximated by a single spherical harmonic P₁⁰ due to the spatial structure of electrical currents in the magnetosphere. The whole solution space is separated into inner and external parts by the Earth surface. Omitting displacement current, the magnetic field in the external space obeys Laplacian equation, while in the inner part, due to the finite conductivity, the electromagnetic fields obey Helmholtz equation. To connect the magnetic fields in the inner and external space, the continuity condition of magnetic fields is used on the Earth surface. The external magnetic fields are expressed by the inner and external source coefficients, from which a new parameter called C-response is computed from the inner coefficient divided by the external coefficient, thus normalizing the actual source strength. The inner magnetic fields in each layer can be recursively derived by the continuity boundary condition of both normal and tangential components of the magnetic field from the initial boundary condition at core-mantle-boundary. The consistency of our C-responses with that from a typical 1-D global model validates the accuracy of the proposed algorithm. Numerical results also show that the C-response estimated from the geomagnetic transfer function method will deviate exceeding 5%from the actual response at longer periods than about 10⁶s, which means that ignoring the curvature of the Earth at extreme long periods will make inversion result unreliable. Therefore, an accurate C-response should be computed in order to lay a solid foundation for reliable inversion.  相似文献