Sq外源和内源电流体系的经度效应和UT变化   总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4       下载免费PDF全文

徐文耀  李卫东 《地球物理学报》1994,37(4):440-447

根据ＩＧＹ／ＩＧＣ期间全球地磁台网以及中国地磁台站的资料，计算出每－ＵＴ小时的Ｓ_ｑ外源和内源电流体系．对Ｓ_ｑ电流体系ＵＴ变化和经度效应的分析研究表明，Ｓ_ｑ外源电流体系的空间图案没有显著的ＵＴ变化，电流涡焦点的地理纬度与磁赤道有密切关系，其变化范围，北半球为２５°－３５°Ｎ，南半球为３０°－４２．５°Ｓ．外源电流总强度的平均值为２２９ｋＡ（北半球）和１７３ｋＡ（南半球），其变化范围为±５０ｋＡ（北半球）和±４０ｋＡ（南半球）．Ｓ_ｑ内源电流体系的图案和强度有显著的ＵＴ变化，电流体系焦点纬度有类似于外源电流系的变化．在大西洋、印度洋、北太平洋地区，内源电流体系的总强度明显小于大陆地区的内源电流强度，表明这些大洋地区上地幔电导率低于大陆地区．  相似文献   

Relationships among dissolved organic matter,iron, and discharge in a moorland stream     

Ian C. Grieve 《地球表面变化过程与地形》1984,9(1):35-41

Dissolved organic matter (DOM) and iron in a moorland stream were determined at 8-hour intervals over a 6-month period to examine relationships with streamflow. Regression of both solutes on discharge were positive and explained 50–70 per cent of the variance in the solute data, but better predictions were obtained in both cases when a covariate reflecting temporal variation in the relationships was introduced (explained variance 80–90 per cent). Variations in the regression of Fe on DOM were also identified, indicating differences in the complexing power of DOM for Fe and possible variations in the chemical composition of the DOM.  相似文献   

14C dating and palaeoenvironment of the historic ‘little ice age’ glacier advance of Nigardsbreen Southwest Norway     

John A. Matthews  John L. Innes  Christopher J. Caseldine 《地球表面变化过程与地形》1986,11(4):369-375

Moss and grass remains associated with a well-developed in situ palaeosol buried beneath a moraine ridge in front of Nigardsbreen (Jostedalsbreen ice cap, southern Norway) have been ¹⁴C-dated. Pollen preserved with the plant remains suggests the existence of an agricultural landscape prior to the deposition of the moraine. The calibrated dates and the pollen spectra are in close accord with historically-documented evidence for the timing and palaeoenvironment of the ‘Little Ice Age’ advance of the glacier. Considerable potential is indicated for estimating the maximum ages of moraine ridges and for palaeoenvironmental reconstruction where such documentary evidence does not exist.  相似文献   

锡矿体变化特征及其勘探意义     

魏民  赵鹏大 《地球科学》1987,(4)

本文通过勘探变量的统计得分法以及聚类和特征分析法,将矿体变化性按成因分为四类.按不同的取样观测方法,将矿体变化性分为群体的、单体的和局部的三类,并以实例说明上述分类在矿体预测和勘探中的实际应用.  相似文献   

Influence of Temporal Variations in River Discharge, pH, Alkalinity and Ca on the Speciation and Concentration of Heavy Metals in Some Mining Polluted Rivers     

Pål Gundersen  Eiliv Steinnes 《Aquatic Geochemistry》2001,7(3):173-193

Dissolved (dialysis in situ) and total concentrations ofCu, Zn, Cd and Al in eight mining polluted rivers in the Røros area, central Norway, were determinedby atomic absorption spectrometry (flame and graphite furnace) and compared to pH, Caconcentration and alkalinity through seasonal variations in river discharge. Totalconcentrations of the metals were highest during early spring flood and during summer andautumn rain episodes. Dissolved concentrations also increased as the spring floodproceeded, but small discharge peaks within this 2 month period as well as a considerableautumn flood episode appeared to lower rather than to raise the dissolved metal concentrations.Consequently the dissolved fractions of Zn, Cd and Al showed a significant negative correlationwith river discharge, and were low at the discharge peaks. Possibly high sediment concentrationsoccurring at high flood conditions more than counteracted desorption induced by pHdecrease, and led to decreased dissolved fractions through adsorption. Cu speciationon the other hand seemed to be more closely linked to pH. Alkalinity and Ca concentration,both assumed to protect aquatic life from metal pollution, were significantly lowerduring episodes with high Cu and Al total concentrations.  相似文献   

云南白水台钙华水池中水化学日变化及其生物控制的发现   总被引：11，自引：0，他引：11  

刘再华  李强  孙海龙  汪进良  吴孔运 《水文地质工程地质》2005,32(6):10-15

为弄清云南白水台泉及其下游钙华水池中水化学的日变化,选取1号泉及其流经的两个钙华水池(6号和10号)作为研究对象并对其水温、pH值和电导率进行了自动监测。根据Ca2 、HCO3-与电导率存在的线性关系,用WATSPAC软件计算了水中方解石的饱和指数和PCO2。监测发现:泉水不存在显著的水化学日动态变化,而两个钙华水池表现出显著的日动态变化。其中10号钙华水池在白天温度较高时水中的CO2大量逸出并通过水下水生植物的光合作用加速了水中碳酸钙的沉积。6号钙华水池水生植物生长茂盛,其叶片和部分枝干露出水面,因而光合作用主要发生在空中,所以此处水化学表现为白天pH值降低和电导率升高的反常现象,即由温度主导的根呼吸作用,在白天释放更多的CO2进入水体而使沉积下来的碳酸钙重新溶解。  相似文献   

Research on runoff variations based on wavelet analysis and wavelet neural network model: A case study of the Heihe River drainage basin (1944?2005)     

WANG Jun  MENG Jijun 《地理学报》2007,17(3):327-338

The Heihe River drainage basin is one of the endangered ecological regions of China. The shortage of water resources is the bottleneck, which constrains the sustainable development of the region. Many scholars in China have done researches concerning this problem. Based on previous researches, this paper analyzed characteristics, tendencies, and causes of annual runoff variations in the Yingluo Gorge (1944–2005) and the Zhengyi Gorge (1954–2005), which are the boundaries of the upper reaches, the middle reaches, and the lower reaches of the Heihe River drainage basin, by wavelet analysis, wavelet neural network model, and GIS spatial analysis. The results show that: (1) annual runoff variations of the Yingluo Gorge have principal periods of 7 years and 25 years, and its increasing rate is 1.04 m3/s·10y; (2) annual runoff variations of the Zhengyi Gorge have principal periods of 6 years and 27 years, and its decreasing rate is 2.25 m3/s·10y; (3) prediction results show that: during 2006–2015, annual runoff variations of the Yingluo and Zhengyi gorges have ascending tendencies, and the increasing rates are respectively 2.04 m3/s·10y and 1.61 m3/s·10y; (4) the increase of annual runoff in the Yingluo Gorge has causal relationship with increased temperature and precipitation in the upper reaches, and the decrease of annual runoff in the Zhengyi Gorge in the past decades was mainly caused by the increased human consumption of water resources in the middle researches. The study results will provide scientific basis for making rational use and allocation schemes of water resources in the Heihe River drainage basin.  相似文献   

近40年高层温度场和高度场的时空变化特征   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  

毕云  钱永甫 《南京气象学院学报》2001,24(1):59-65

用4种方式对NCEP／NCAR全球再分析资料中1958－1997年300hPa月均温度、100hPa月均高度资料序列进行对比分析，发现300hPa温度资料可靠性高于100hPa高度资料；详细考察近40a高层温度场、高度场的时空变化特征，并通过Morlet小波进一步分析两要素场的周期变化发现，温度场和高度场的EOF第1模态具有很好的空间整体民生和明显的年际和年代际变化，以10a左右和3a左右的周期为主要周期。  相似文献   

Seismic anisotropy beneath Tibet: evidence for eastward extrusion of the Tibetan lithosphere?   总被引：11，自引：0，他引：11  

J. Lav    J.P. Avouac  R. Lacassin  P. Tapponnier  J.P. Montagner 《Earth and Planetary Science Letters》1996,140(1-4):83-96

Strong seismic anisotropy beneath Tibet has recently been reported from the study of SKS shear wave splitting. The fast split waves are generally polarized in an easterly direction, close to the present day direction of motion of the Tibetan crust relative to stable Eurasia, as deduced from Holocene slip rates on the major active faults in and around Tibet. This correlation may be taken to suggest that the whole Tibetan lithosphere is being extruded in front of indenting India and that the anisotropic layer is the deforming asthenosphere, that accommodates the motion of the Tibetan lithosphere relative to the fixed mantle at depth. Uncertainties about this motion are at present too large to bring unambiguous support to that view. Assuming that this view is correct however, a simple forward model is used to compute theoretical delay times as a function of the thickness of the anisotropic layer. The observed delay times would require a 50–100 km thick anisotropic layer beneath south-central Tibet and an over 200 km thick layer beneath north-central Tibet, where particularly hot asthenosphere has been inferred. This study suggests that the asthenospheric anisotropy due to present absolute block motion might be dominant under actively deforming continents.  相似文献   

Some features of the arid area variations over India: 1871–1984     

Nityanand Singh  S. S. Mulye  G. B. Pant 《Pure and Applied Geophysics》1992,138(1):135-150

Spatial variability of the annual rainfall over drier regions of India is studied by examining the variations in the arid areas. A long period (1871–1984) arid area series has been prepared for the entire country, including the two broad subregions of North India and Peninsular India, using annual rainfall data from 306 well distributed stations. Following an objectively determined criterion based on rainfall amount alone, the yearly area under arid conditions is obtained by totalling areas which received annual rainfall totals less than 560 mm. The interannual variability of the arid area series is large and its distribution is highly right-skewed, demonstrating large spatial variations in the annual rainfall over India. Statistical tests do not suggest any significant long-term trend in the arid area series, but persistently low values of the arid area after 1941 are noteworthy. Implications for the study of risk analysis and assessment of drought and desertification processes are discussed.  相似文献