Properties of polysaccharides in several seaweeds from Atlantic Canada and their potential anti-influenza viral activities     

Stephen H. Ewart 《中国海洋大学学报(英文版)》2012,11(2):205-212

To explore the polysaccharides from selected seaweeds of Atlantic Canada and to evaluate their potential anti-influenza virus activities, polysaccharides were isolated from several Atlantic Canadian seaweeds, including three red algae (Polysiphonia lanosa, Furcellaria lumbricalis, and Palmaria palmata), two brown algae (Ascophyllum nodosum and Fucus vesiculosus), and one green alga (Ulva lactuca) by sequential extraction with cold water, hot water, and alkali solutions. These polysaccharides were ana-lyzed for monosaccharide composition and other general chemical properties, and they were evaluated for anti-influenza virus activities. Total sugar contents in these polysaccharides ranged from 15.4% (in U. lactuca) to 91.4% (in F. lumbricalis); sulfation level was as high as 17.6% in a polysaccharide from U. lactuca, whereas it could not be detected in an alikali-extract from P. palmaria. For polysaccharides from red seaweeds, the main sugar units were sulfated galactans (agar or carrageenan) for P. lanosa, F. lumbricalis, and xylans for P. palmata. In brown seaweeds, the polysaccharides largely contained sulfated fucans, whereas the polysaccharides in green seaweed were mainly composed of heteroglycuronans. Screening for antiviral activity against influenza A/PR/8/34 (H1N1) virus revealed that brown algal polysaccharides were particularly effective. Seaweeds from Atlantic Canada are a good source of marine polysaccharides with potential antiviral properties.  相似文献   

毛细管电泳法测定芦根和蒲黄多糖中的单糖组分(英文)     

于玮洁  姜庭福  王远红  吕志华 《海洋湖沼通报》2010,(2)

本文建立了用毛细管电泳测定中草药芦根和蒲黄多糖中的单糖组分的方法。提取的单糖经α-萘胺衍生,用二极管阵列检测器在214nm处检测。五种单糖鼠李糖(Rha),木糖(Xyl),半乳糖(Gal),葡萄糖(Glu),阿拉伯糖(Ara)能够同时测定,分离良好。毛细管电泳的测定条件如下,50 mM硼酸钠缓冲液;pH10.5;工作电压为25kV;温度为25℃。标准曲线的线性范围为5 mg/L-200 mg/L,每种单糖的最低检测线均为2.5 mg/L。迁移时间和峰面积的相对标准偏差分别小于1.46%,6.21%。实验结果显示,芦根多糖重各单糖组分的摩尔比如下:木糖∶葡萄糖∶阿拉伯糖∶半乳糖为1.00∶59.03∶2.09∶1.96;蒲黄多糖中各单组分的摩尔比如下:鼠李糖∶木糖∶葡萄糖∶阿拉伯糖∶半乳糖为1.71∶1.00∶9.30∶6.88∶1.24。  相似文献   

不同磷酸根含量的孔石莼多糖体外抗氧化活性研究     

蒋南芳  李炳玺  李伟达  刘效磊  王晓倩  常新涛  綦慧敏 《海洋科学》2018,42(9):22-28

利用多糖结构修饰原理,制备磷酸化孔石莼(Ulva pertusa)多糖(PU),并对其进行体外抗氧化活性研究。将多聚磷酸钠与三偏磷酸钠混合后作为磷酸化反应试剂,与孔石莼多糖U反应制备不同磷酸根含量的孔石莼多糖PU。通过磷元素含量分析,确定成功制备不同磷酸根含量的孔石莼多糖衍生物PU,并测定不同磷酸根含量的孔石莼多糖PU与孔石莼多糖U对羟自由基、超氧阴离子清除能力以及金属螯合能力。实验发现通过本方法制备得到的PU6磷酸根含量最高为10.47%。综上所述,不同磷酸根含量的孔石莼多糖体外抗氧化活性不同,与孔石莼多糖U相比,磷酸根含量最高的PU6表现出最强的羟自由基清除作用。在100μg/mL多糖浓度下, PU6表现出最强的金属鳌合能力。  相似文献   

Enzyme activities in the water column and in shallow permeable sediments from the northeastern Gulf of Mexico     

C. Arnosti  K. ZiervogelL. Ocampo  S. Ghobrial 《Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science》2009

The activities of extracellular enzymes that initiate the microbial remineralization of high molecular weight organic matter were investigated in the water column and sandy surface sediments at two sites in the northeastern Gulf of Mexico. Six fluorescently labeled polysaccharides were hydrolyzed rapidly in the water column as well as in permeable sediments. This result contrasts with previous studies carried out in environments dominated by fine-grained muds, in which the spectrum of enzymes active in the water column is quite limited compared to that of the underlying sediments. Extracts of Spirulina, Isochrysis, and Thalassiosira were also used to measure hydrolysis rates in water from one of the sites. Rates of hydrolysis of the three plankton extracts were comparable to those of the purified polysaccharides. The broad spectrum and rapid rates of hydrolysis observed in the water column at both sites in the northeastern Gulf of Mexico may be due to the permeable nature of the sediments. Fluid flux through the sediments is sufficiently high that the entire 1.5 m deep water column could filter though the sediments on timescales of a few days to two weeks. Movement of water through sediments may also transport dissolved enzymes from the sediment into the water column, enhancing the spectrum as well as the rate of water column enzymatic activities. Such interaction between the sediments and water column would permit water column microbial communities to access high molecular weight substrates that might otherwise remain unavailable as substrates.  相似文献   

Effects of several immunostimulants on phenoloxidase and hemocytes of the crab Charybdis japonica     

Tingjun Fan  Miaomiao Yu  Lingling Yang  Zhenping Shi  Wenjie Sun  Rishan Cong  Xiuxia Yang  Guojian Jiang 《中国海洋大学学报(英文版)》2009,8(3):222-228

To investigate the stimulating effects of immunostimulants on the autogenous immunocompetence of crabs and the possible mechanisms involved, the immunostimulating effects of β-1,3-glucan, lipopolysaccharide (LPS), inactivated Vibrio harveyi and Vibrio anguillarum on phenoloxidase (PO) and hemocytes of Charybdis japonica were investigated in this study. It was found that the yields and the enzymatic activities of purified PO in C. japonica increased significantly after the crabs were treated with immunostimulants, while the unit enzymatic activities remained almost the same. After treatment with β-1,3-glucan and LPS, the amount of rough endoplasmic reticulum (RER) and the number of mitochondria in both semigranular cells and granular cells increased greatly, and the number of cytoplasmic granules decreased but with enlarged volume. However, the corresponding characteristics of hyaline cells remained almost the same. On the other hand, the number of granules in semigranular cells decreased greatly, and the number of mitochondria of hyaline cells increased greatly, after treatment with inactivated vibrios. It may be concluded that the effect of polysaccharide immunostimulants on the innate immune system of C. japonica is different from that of inactivated vibrio immunostimulants. The immunity-enhancing mechanism of polysaccharides in crab autogenous immunocompetence is probably accomplished by the increased yields of PO and total PO activities, while that of inactivated vibrios is probably accomplished by the partially increased yields of PO and total PO activities as well as the significantly improved phagocytotic abilities of semigranular cells and hyaline cells.  相似文献   

羊栖菜多糖抗肿瘤及其作用机制研究进展     

丁浩淼  洪嘉瑶  陈雪佳  李沁清  李贵锋  汪财生  钱国英 《海洋科学》2020,44(3):129-137

羊栖菜(Sargassum fusiforme)多糖在多种肿瘤细胞系中表现出良好的抗癌活性,具有针对肿瘤细胞的选择活性和较小的毒副作用,可以作为现有肿瘤化疗药物的替代品进行开发。羊栖菜多糖主要通过诱导细胞凋亡作用于肿瘤细胞,其通过细胞周期停滞,增强机体免疫功能,改变细胞膜钙通道与流动性,破坏线粒体膜和产生一氧化氮来杀死癌细胞并防止转移。本文就国内外发表的羊栖菜多糖抗肿瘤功能及作用机制进行系统的归纳和总结,旨在为羊栖菜多糖抗肿瘤药物的深入研究、开发提供理论依据。  相似文献   

龙须菜(Gracilaria lemaneiformis)多糖的分离纯化及其组成研究     

卢佳芳  杨文鸽  颜伟华  周星宇 《海洋与湖沼》2009,40(4):484-488

以龙须菜粗多糖为原料,利用离子交换层析分离纯化,紫外光谱、醋酸纤维薄膜电泳和凝胶过滤层析法鉴定多糖的纯度及其分子量,同时进一步采用气相色谱分析龙须菜多糖的单糖组成.结果表明,利用蒸馏水、0.3mol/L NaCl和1.2mol/L NaCl溶液分步洗脱,DEAE-Sephadex A-25离子交换层析纯化得到龙须菜多糖的三个组分G1、G2和G3,得率分别为3.61%、69.26%、18.70%:G1、G2和G3均显示为单一电泳谱带和单一洗脱峰,无蛋白、核酸杂质,分子量依次为21993、48460、61031U;G2和G3的单糖组成主要为半乳糖、3.6-内醚半乳糖及少量葡萄糖;G2糖链通过1→2键与1→6键方式连接,存在非还原末端基及连三羟基,G3糖链则通过1→3键与1→2键方式连接.  相似文献   

琼枝麒麟菜多糖抗呼吸道病毒活性研究     

邹沐平  董栋  王怀玲  王巧利  蒲含林  王一飞 《海洋科学》2015,39(12):15-20

为了评价琼枝麒麟菜多糖(EGP)包括粗提物(CEGP)及大于500 k Da多糖组分(LEGP)抗呼吸道相关病毒活性。采用Reed-muench法计算流感病毒H1N1、H3N2和H5N3,柯萨奇病毒CVB3及呼吸道合胞病毒RSV-long株滴度;采用观察细胞病变效应(CPE)法,确定CEGP和LEGP对犬肾细胞(MDCK),人宫颈癌细胞(He La)和人喉癌上皮细胞(HEp-2)的最大无毒浓度;通过细胞病变观察法(CPE)及四甲基偶氮唑盐微量酶反应比色法(MTT法)测定CEGP和LEGP抑制各病毒产生细胞病变的作用。结果表明:CEGP和LEGP对5种常见的呼吸道病毒H1N1、H3N2和H5N3,CVB3和RSV都有抑制作用,CVB3和RSV对CEGP和LEGP更敏感;CEGP和LEGP有抗多种呼吸道病毒作用,为抗呼吸道病毒新药的研发提供理论依据。  相似文献   

浒苔多糖的分级纯化及保湿活性研究   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

石学连  张晶晶  宋厚芳  王晶  张忠山  张全斌 《海洋科学》2010,34(7):81-85

用DEAE-Sepharose FF离子交换凝胶层析柱对浒苔(Enteromorpha)多糖进行分级纯化,利用HPLC色谱分析了单糖组成,并以甘油和透明质酸为对照,研究其吸湿和保湿活性。结果表明,浒苔多糖主要为葡萄糖醛酸-鼠李糖-木糖-甘露糖聚合物;浒苔多糖主要由两种组分组成,其一组分木糖和鼠李糖含量摩尔比为1.11:1,另一组分木糖和鼠李糖含量比为1:3.28;浒苔多糖具有与透明质酸相似的吸湿和保湿能力。  相似文献   

Enzyme activities in the Delaware Estuary affected by elevated suspended sediment load     

K. Ziervogel  C. Arnosti 《Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science》2009

Extracellular enzyme activities were compared among surface water, bottom water, and sediments of the Delaware Estuary using six fluorescently labeled, structurally distinct polysaccharides to determine the effects of suspended sediment transport on water column hydrolytic activities. Potential hydrolysis rates in surface waters were also measured for the nearby shelf. Samples were taken in December 2006, 6 months after a major flood event in the Delaware Basin that was followed by high freshwater run-off throughout the fall of 2006. All substrates were hydrolyzed in sediments and in the water column, including two (pullulan and fucoidan) that previously were not hydrolyzed in surface waters of the Delaware estuary. At the time of sampling, total particulate matter (TPM) in surface waters at the lower bay, bay mouth, and shelf ranged between 31 mg l⁻¹ and 48 mg l⁻¹ and were 2 to 20 times higher than previously reported. The presence of easily resuspended sediments at the lower bay and bay mouth indicated enhanced suspended sediment transport in the estuary prior to our sampling. Bottom water hydrolysis rates at the two sites affected by sediment resuspension were generally higher than those in surface waters from the same site. Most notably, fucoidan and pullulan hydrolysis rates in bay mouth bottom waters were 22.6 and 6.2 nM monomer h⁻¹, respectively, and thus three and five times higher than surface water rates. Our data suggest that enhanced mixing processes between the sediment and the overlying water broadened the spectrum of water column hydrolases activity, improving the efficiency of enzymatic degradation of high molecular weight organic matter in the water with consequences for organic matter cycling in the Delaware estuary.  相似文献