Determination of reactive phosphorus with and without modification for arsenic interference in New Zealand fresh waters (note)     

Christine Finlayson 《新西兰海洋与淡水研究杂志》2013,47(1):109-112

Two methods for determining reactive phosphorus were compared, using a variety of New Zealand fresh waters, some containing arsenic. The method which eliminated arsenic interference was found to be better, but suffered the disadvantage that high reagent turbidity required the use of solvent extraction when reactive phosphorus concentrations were low.  相似文献   

日粮中不同糖源对吉富罗非鱼(Oreochromis niloticus)稚鱼养殖效果与机理研究   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

吴彬  彭淇  陈斌  孙晓锋  冯健 《海洋与湖沼》2013,44(4):1050-1055

采用含有25%葡萄糖、麦芽糖、蔗糖、蔗糖糖蜜、糊精、小麦淀粉等不同糖源的6组等氮、等能量半纯合实验日粮, 研究了不同糖源对吉富罗非鱼稚鱼养殖效果与机理。结果表明, 葡萄糖组、麦芽糖组鱼的特定生长率、饲料效益和蛋白效益显著低于其它各个糖源组鱼(P<0.05); 葡萄糖组和麦芽糖组鱼鱼体总能明显低于其它各个糖源组鱼(P<0.05); 葡萄糖组和麦芽糖组鱼肝脏脂肪、肝糖原和肌糖原含量明显低于其它各个糖源组鱼(P<0.05); 葡萄糖组鱼血糖浓度与总蛋白含量显著低于其它各个糖源组鱼(P<0.05); 葡萄组和麦芽糖组鱼肝组织中己糖激酶(HK)显著高于其它各个糖源组鱼(P<0.05), 葡萄糖-6-磷酸酶(G6Pase)和磷酸烯醇式丙酮酸羧激酶(PEPCK)显著低于其它各个糖源组鱼(P<0.05)。本实验结果认为, 日粮中不同糖源对吉富罗非鱼稚鱼养殖效果的差异主要与调控鱼体内糖代谢的关键酶己糖激酶(HK)、葡萄糖-6-磷酸酶(G6Pase)和磷酸烯醇式丙酮酸羧激酶(PEPCK)对不同糖源的糖分子结构不同活性有关, 与糖的分子大小无关。在罗非鱼稚鱼饲料中添加蔗糖糖蜜效果较好。  相似文献   

Key genes expression of reductive tricarboxylic acid cycle from deep-sea hydrothermal chemolithoautotrophic Caminibacter profundus in response to salinity, pH and O2     

HE Peiqing  LIU Yan  YUE Wenjuan  HUANG Xiaohang 《海洋学报(英文版)》2013,32(2)

  相似文献   

大黄鱼(Larimichthys crocea)幼鱼同生群内不同增重性能子群间的脏器生理差异     

叶文婷  蒋宏雷  江柳  刘哲宇  李有志  王志铮 《海洋与湖沼》2024,55(1):223-231

探究引起大黄鱼幼鱼同生群内不同增重性能子群间脏器生理差异的主因, 揭示造成各子群间生存适应对策和增重机制分化的内在逻辑, 对于精选大黄鱼幼鱼优质增殖放流群体和指导大黄鱼科学高效养殖具重要现实意义。随机捞取宁波市象山西沪港海域内经板式网箱养殖3个月的3 000尾大黄鱼同生群幼鱼, 停食2d后按体质量由大到小依次分为A [体质量(3.45±0.43) g, 出现率5%]、B [体质量(2.60±0.18) g, 出现率20%]、C [体质量(2.00±0.21) g, 出现率50%]、D [体质量(1.22±0.23) g, 出现率20%]、E [体质量(0.74±0.04) g, 出现率5%]等5个子群。在测量并统计脏器比例性状(鳃系数、内脏系数、内脏净重比、鳃净重比和鳃脏比)的基础上, 较系统开展了不同增重性能子群间耗氧率、窒息点、内脏和鳃组织相关功能酶活力的差异。结果表明: (1) 鳃系数、内脏系数和日均耗氧率的显著高企(P<0.05)均可导致大黄鱼幼鱼增重性能的明显下降; (2) 耗氧昼夜节律的分化是引起大黄鱼幼鱼增重性能发生明显改变的主因, 具体表现为A、B子群的昼均耗氧率显著大于夜均耗氧率(P<0.05),以及E子群的日均耗氧率与昼均和夜均耗氧率均无显著差异(P>0.05); (3) 耗氧率性状聚类和脏器比例性状聚类分别对甄别C、E子群具良好的辨识效果; (4) 随着窒息点水中含氧量的趋势性提高, 大黄鱼幼鱼的增重性能将表露出极明显的减弱效应, 其中与E子群窒息点水中含氧量具显著差异(P<0.05)的仅为A、B子群, 呈E>A≈B; (5) 内脏消化酶和磷酸酶中, 酶活力与大黄鱼幼鱼增重性能排序吻合度最高的分别为淀粉酶和AKP,前者随增重性能增强呈趋势性增加,后者则呈A<B<C<D<E (P<0.05); ATP酶中, Ca²⁺/Mg²⁺-ATPase酶活力无组间差异(P>0.05), Na⁺/K⁺-ATPase酶活力除A显著大于D、E子群(P<0.05)外, 其余子群间均无显著差异(P>0.05); (6) 鳃SOD、CAT和POD中, 酶活力与大黄鱼幼鱼增重性能排序吻合度最高的为SOD, 呈A>B>C≈D≈E, Na⁺/K⁺-ATPase和Ca²⁺/Mg²⁺-ATPase酶活力均呈A>B≈C>D≈E。上述研究可为大黄鱼生长性能评价体系构建和指导速生品种(品系)选择育种提供科学依据。  相似文献   

The distribution characteristics of bacterial beta-glucosidase activity in Taiwan strait     

Zheng T  Hong H  Wang F  Maskaoui K  Su J  Tian Y 《Marine pollution bulletin》2002,45(1-12):168-176

Twenty stations were established in the near-shore regions of South Fujian Shoal (116°10′–119°00^′ E, 21°20′–24°10′ N) on summer and winter cruises during the period from August 1997 and February to March 1998. The distribution pattern of marine bacterial β-glucosidase activity (β-GlcA) has been investigated by using fluorogenic model substrate (FMS) technique in order to have better understanding of the β-GlcA, as well as its relation to marine bacterial biomass, productivity and environmental factors in Taiwan strait. The results showed that: (1) In summer, the average of β-GlcA at the Southern stations of Taiwan strait was 1.94 nmol/1 h. While in winter, the average of β-GlcA at the Northern stations was 0.86 nmol/1 h and the range of variation (0.34–1.89 nmol/1 h) was much more narrow than that in summer (0.31–8.1 nmol/1 h). (2) According to the carbon conversion factor, the β-GlcA was 0.14 and 0.062 ugc/1 h in summer and winter respectively. These β-GlcA values were higher than the bacterial production of the two seasons respectively. (3) The β-GlcA gradually rises from offshore water to near-shore water. (4) The correlation between the β-GlcA and the bacterial secondary production was not so obvious. (5) The correlation between the section distributions, daily varying of the β-GlcA and the bacterial production was not obvious. (6) In the surface water, the distribution character of free-state β-GlcA from bacteria was equal to that of the total β-GlcA in the whole sea area.  相似文献   

海洋硫酸多糖916在2种酶作用下稳定性的研究     

王妍婷  吕志华  王远红 《中国海洋大学学报(自然科学版)》2004,34(6):955-958,963

利用高效凝胶渗透色谱法(HPGPC)和明胶比浊法研究了海洋硫酸多糖916在溶菌酶和胰蛋白酶作用下的稳定性，分别考察了酶作用下916的重均分子量、分子量分布系数和游离硫酸根含量的变化。结果表明：在所选定的实验条件下，916的重均分子量、分子量分布系数和游离硫酸根含量均未发生显著变化，表明在所选择的实验条件下916对溶菌酶和胰蛋白酶是稳定的。  相似文献   

有机溶剂及变性剂对南美白对虾体壁几丁质酶的影响   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

林建城  陈郁花  林俊兵 《海洋通报》2007,26(4):61-65

从南美白对虾体壁提取几丁质酶,测定了几丁质酶(EC3.2.1.14)催化胶体几丁质水解反应的动力学参数,研究了几种有机溶剂及其变性剂对对虾体壁几丁质酶的影响,以探讨养殖环境与对虾的生长发育过程的相关性。结果是对虾体壁几丁质酶米氏常数Km=2.09mg/mL,最大反应速度Vm=0.93μmol/mL·min;甲醇、乙醇、正丙醇、乙二醇、丙三醇及脲对几丁质酶有抑制作用;二氧六环、二甲亚砜和SDS在低浓度时对酶有激活作用,随着浓度的升高表现出抑制作用;丙酮对酶有激活作用;戊二醛和甲醛对酶的抑制强度不大,最大的抑制程度分别达8.0%和9.8%。表明养殖环境的变化可引起与对虾蜕皮直接相关的几丁质酶生理生化的改变。  相似文献   

产低温纤维素酶海洋嗜冷菌的筛选及研究   总被引：16，自引：2，他引：16       下载免费PDF全文

王玢  汪天虹  张刚  刘世利  肖天 《海洋科学》2003,27(5):42-45

从黄海的深海海底泥样中筛选出一株产纤维素酶的海洋细菌，初步鉴定为革兰氏阴性杆菌。该菌既能产生羧甲基纤维素酶，又能降解微晶纤维素，互有淀粉酶活。对该菌生长特征及所产纤维素酶的性质进行了初步研究。此菌最适生长温度为20℃，最高生长温度为40℃，在0℃也能生长，是典型的嗜冷菌。该菌所产纤维素酶最适反应温度为35℃，10℃仍有较高酶活，最适pH值为6．0，属酸性酶。  相似文献   

Observations on the Microbial Biomass in two Stations of Terra Nova Bay (Antarctica) by ATP and LPS Measurements   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

R. La  Ferla  A. Allegra    F. Azzaro    S. Greco  E. Crisafi 《Marine Ecology》1995,16(4):307-315

Abstract. This paper reports on the temporal distribution of microbial biomass, over a I-month survey during austral suinmer 1990. at two sampling stations in Terra Nova Bay (Antarctica) by means of biochemical methodologies such as ATP (adenosine triphosphate) and LPS (lipopolysaccharides). Microbial estimates. derived from ATP measurements. showed an unstable temporal trend and a range characteristic for water with low or. seldom. moderate trophism. Biomass decreased with increasing depth. and photo-autotrophic organisms seem to dominate the whole microbial assemblage. The bacterial population, as derived from LPS determinations, did not show much variability and was well-correlated to other microbiological and chemical parameters. Our data showed that larger mic-roplankters were dominant. but that sometimes pico-sized organisms contributed about 60% to the microbial biomass; this emphasizes the 'still poorly-known' importance of microbes in Antarctic food webs.  相似文献   

湄洲湾夏季的初级生产力   总被引：2，自引：3，他引：2  

王宪  李文权 《台湾海峡》1994,13(1):8-13

湄洲湾１９９２年夏季的叶绿素ａ，三磷酸腺苷，碳比积累速率，初级生产力的变化范围和均值分别为０．４５－４．７２，１．４９ｍｇ／ｍ＾３；０．１２－１．０７，０．３１μｇ／ｄｍ＾３；０．０６－０．５８，０．３４ｄ＾－１；０．０７－０．３４，０．２１ｍ／（ｍ＾２．ｄ）。叶绿素ａ与三磷酸腺苷之间。初级生产力与碳比积累速率之间均呈正相关关系。叶绿素ａ三磷本能腺苷的比值为４．８，湄洲湾夏季浮游植物的生长受氮不足  相似文献