Effects of waterborne Cu and Cd on anti-oxidative response,lipid peroxidation and heavy metals accumulation in abalone Haliotis discus hannai ino     

Lei  Yanju  Zhang  Wenbing  Xu  Wei  Zhang  Yanjiao  Zhou  Huihui  Mai  Kangsen 《中国海洋大学学报(英文版)》2015,14(3):511-521

The aim of this study was to compare the effects of waterborne copper(Cu) and cadmium(Cd) on survival, anti-oxidative response, lipid peroxidation and metal accumulation in abalone Haliotis discus hannai. Experimental animals(initial weight: 7.49 g ± 0.01 g) were exposed to graded concentrations of waterborne Cu(0.02, 0.04, 0.06, 0.08 mg L-1) or Cd(0.025, 0.05, 0.25, 0.5mg L-1) for 28 days, respectively. Activities of the anti-oxidative enzymes(catalase, CAT; superoxide dismutase, SOD; glutathione peroxidases, GPx; glutathione S-transferase, GST), contents of the reduced glutathione(GSH) and malondiadehyde(MDA) in the hepatopancreas, and metal accumulation in hepatopancreas and muscles were analyzed after 0, 1, 3, 6, 10, 15, 21, 28 days of metal exposure, respectively. Results showed that 0.04 mg L-1, 0.06 mg L-1 and 0.08 mg L-1 Cu caused 100% death of abalone on the 21 st, 10 th and 6th day, respectively. However, no dead abalone was found during the 28-day waterborne Cd exposure at all experimental concentrations. Generally, activities of SOD and GST in hepatopancreas under all Cu concentrations followed a decrease trend as the exposure time prolonged. However, these activities were firstly increased and then decreased to the control level and increased again during Cd exposure. Activities of CAT in all Cu exposure treatments were higher than those in the control. These activities were firstly increased and then decreased to the control level and increased again during Cd exposure. Contents of MDA in hepatopancreas in all Cu treatments significantly increased first and then decreased to the control level. However, the MDA contents in hepatopancreas were not significantly changed during the 28-day Cd exposure. The metals accumulation in both hepatopancreas and muscles of abalone significantly increased with the increase of waterborne metals concentration and exposure time. These results indicated that H. discus hannai has a positive anti-oxidative defense against Cu or Cd. In conclusion, anti-oxidative mechanism in abalone to resist waterborne Cu did not follow the same pattern as that for waterborne Cd.  相似文献   

改性红辉沸石的制备及去除水中CODcr的性能研究     

张静  肖筱瑜  徐文炘 《矿产与地质》2010,24(6):570-573

天然红辉沸石经过氯化铝及氯化镁共同改性后,制备出改性红辉沸石。研究了改性红辉沸石和天然红辉沸石对生活污水中CODcr的吸附效果,表明改性红辉沸石的吸附效果明显优于红辉沸石,并通过X射线粉末衍射、热重分析、红外光谱对改性红辉沸石表面结构进行了表征。  相似文献   

高亚硝酸盐胁迫下日本囊对虾肝胰腺的转录组分析          下载免费PDF全文

陈亭君  栗志民  袁乐  刘建勇  梁彩凤 《海洋科学进展》2022,40(2):287-306

海岸带盐度过渡区域水体中氮、磷的准确测定对陆海统筹及海岸带管理起着至关重要的作用。为探究盐度对氮、磷测定准确度的影响,进而明确河口海岸带淡水-咸水盐度过渡区不同形式氮、磷测定方法的选择依据,分别采用淡水和海水的相关国家标准方法,测定不同盐度下不同质量浓度氮、磷的人工海水和天然海水水样中氨氮、亚硝氮、总氮、活性磷酸盐和总磷的质量浓度。结果表明,盐度对某些氮、磷的淡水法和海水法测定结果有一定程度的影响。对氨氮的测定,当S≤4.0时淡水法或海水法均可准确测定水体中的氨氮,S>4.0时应对水样进行pH 调整预处理后用海水法进行测定;对亚硝氮的测定,淡水法和海水法的测定结果无明显差异;对总氮的测定,当S≤5.0时应采用操作简单、测定准确的淡水法测定,S>5.0时应采用海水法。对水体中的活性磷酸盐的测定,在低盐低磷(S≤35.0且ρPO3-4 ≤0.2mg·L-1)的情况下盐度对淡水法和海水法测定结果的影响微乎其微,而对于高盐高磷(S>35.0且ρPO3-4 > 0.2mg·L-1)的水样选择灵敏度更高的海水法测定更准确;对总磷的测定,选取海水法测定准确度更高。研究结果为海岸带水体不同形式氮、磷质量浓度的准确测定与方法选择提供了科学依据。  相似文献   

三疣梭子蟹(Portunus trituberculatus)胞内氯离子通道蛋白基因克隆及其表达分析     

王渝  吕建建  刘萍  高保全  李健  陈萍 《海洋与湖沼》2014,45(6):1359-1366

本研究克隆了三疣梭子蟹(Portunus trituberculatus)胞内氯离子通道蛋白基因,命名为Pt CLIC。该基因c DNA全长2000bp,5’和3’非编码区(UTR)长分别为76bp和1162bp,开放阅读框长762bp,推测编码253个氨基酸,预测分子量为29.2k Da,理论等电点为5.93。生物信息学分析表明,Pt CLIC基因中未发现跨膜结构域,属于不稳定蛋白;同源性分析表明,Pt CLIC基因编码的氨基酸序列与蚤状溞(Daphnia pulex)CLIC基因的同源性高达83%;系统进化分析表明,三疣梭子蟹与拟穴青蟹首先聚为一支;实时荧光定量RT-PCR分析表明,Pt CLIC基因在选取的所有组织中均有表达,在肝胰腺中的相对表达量最高,且显著高于其它组织(P0.05)。低盐度胁迫显著改变了Pt CLIC基因在三疣梭子蟹鳃和肝胰腺中的表达模式,整体呈先上调后下调的趋势,并发现该基因在低盐耐受和低盐敏感家系中的表达规律差异显著。研究结果表明Pt CLIC基因在三疣梭子蟹渗透压调节中发挥重要作用,可辅助三疣梭子蟹耐低盐品系的选育。  相似文献   

微波消解—冷原子荧光光谱法测定植物样品中的汞     

陈海杰  于兆水  邢夏 《物探与化探》2014,(2):393-395,401

为了简化测量植物中汞含量的方法,提高灵敏度及结果的可信度,实验采用微波消解植物样品的办法,使样品经氯化亚锡还原,再用冷原子荧光测定出植物样品中汞的含量。确定了消解样品的方法和微波消解样品的条件,优化了仪器的最佳工作参数。方法检出限0.30×10-9(稀释因子100倍),精密度(n=12)在2.09%~6.05%,加标回收率94.1%~105.5%,方法经生物国家一级标准物质验证方法准确可靠。  相似文献   

Experiment and Pitzer Model Prediction for the Solid + Liquid Equilibria of the Ternary System LiCl–CaCl2–H2O     

MENG Lingzong  LI Dan  DENG Tianlong  GUO Yafei 《《地质学报》英文版》2014,88(Z1):356-358

正1 Introduction Lithium resources are widely distributed in the oilfield brine from the Nanyishan district in the Qaidam Basin(Fan et al.,2007).The investigation of the thermodynamics and phase diagram of the brine system is valuable in providing the theoretic foundation and scientific guidance in the comprehensive exploitation of the mixture salts effectively.Comprehensive  相似文献   

273.15 到 308.15 K下二元体系（LiCl-H2O 和 MgCl2-H2O）和三元体系（LiCl-MgCl2-H2O）的体积性质研究          下载免费PDF全文

戈海文  杨红军  王敏 《盐湖研究》2022,30(4)

用高精度振动管在 273.15 至 308.15 K 的温度范围内以 5 K 的间隔对两个二元系统（LiCl-H2O 和 MgCl2-H2O）和三元系统（LiCl-MgCl2-H2O）的密度进行了实验测定密度计。基于 Vogel-Fulcher-Tamman (VFT) 方程,对 LiCl(aq) 和 MgCl2(aq) 密度与温度和摩尔浓度的相关方程的系数进行了参数化。 Young的理想混合规则被成功地应用于基于相关的二元解性质关联三元系统的密度。根据二元和三元体系的体积特性数据,根据 Pitzer 离子相互作用理论,得到 Pitzer 单盐参数和混合离子相互作用参数。在本工作中确定了三元体系在恒定离子强度下的混合体积 (ΔVm)。  相似文献   

三元体系CaCl₂?SrCl₂?H₂O的相平衡及其在钙锶分离中的应用          下载免费PDF全文

韩海军  吉祥  陈烽雄  李家乐  黄军榜 《盐湖研究》2022,30(4)

采用等温溶解平衡法研究了三元体系CaCl₂?SrCl₂?H₂O温度从323.15 K到353.15 K范围内的相平衡。基于该三元体系多温下的相平衡数据,设计开展了实验室模拟南翼山油田卤水中氯化钙和氯化锶在温度323.15 K下的分离实验。实验室模拟钙锶分离实验结果表明,在323.15 K下时分离一次固相产品中的钙锶摩尔比可以从25.46:1降至1.73:1,SrCl₂的回收率为52.47 %,所得一次固相产品在323.15 K下溶解并再次蒸发。钙和锶的摩尔比从1.73:1降至1.1:1,SrCl₂的回收率为78.67 %。  相似文献   

钢筋混凝土结构电渗阻锈技术研究   总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5  

唐军务  李森林  蔡伟成  胡明  朱雅仙 《海洋工程》2008,26(3)

通过测量电渗阻锈过程中阻锈剂渗入量、脱盐率以及钢筋极化电阻,研究了混凝土技术参数和电渗电量对电渗阻锈效果的影响.试验结果表明,电渗阻锈技术能在脱除盐污染混凝土中氯离子的同时,将有效阻锈基团快速迁移到钢筋表面,使已腐蚀的钢筋快速恢复钝化而达到防腐的目的.  相似文献   

Peat porewater chloride concentration profiles in the Everglades during wet/dry cycles from January 1996 to June 1998: field measurements and theoretical analysis     

Michael M. Reddy  Micaela B. Reddy  Kenneth L. Kipp  Aaron Burman  Paul Schuster  Peter S. Rawlik Jr. 《水文研究》2008,22(11):1713-1724

Water quality is a key aspect of the Everglades Restoration Project, the largest water reclamation and ecosystem management project proposed in the United States. Movement of nutrients and contaminants to and from Everglades peat porewater could have important consequences for Everglades water quality and ecosystem restoration activities. In a study of Everglades porewater, we observed complex, seasonally variable peat porewater chloride concentration profiles at several locations. Analyses and interpretation of these changing peat porewater chloride concentration profiles identifies processes controlling conservative solute movement at the peat–surface water interface, that is, solutes whose transport is minimally affected by chemical and biological reactions. We examine, with an advection–diffusion model, how alternating wet and dry climatic conditions in the Florida Everglades mediate movement of chloride between peat porewater and marsh surface water. Changing surface water–chloride concentrations alter gradients at the interface between peat and overlying water and hence alter chloride flux across that interface. Surface water chloride concentrations at two frequently monitored sites vary with marsh water depth, and a transfer function was developed to describe daily marsh surface water chloride concentration as a function of marsh water depth. Model results demonstrate that porewater chloride concentrations are driven by changing surface water chloride concentrations, and a sensitivity analysis suggests that inclusion of advective transport in the model improves the agreement between the calculated and the observed chloride concentration profiles. Published in 2007 by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.  相似文献